計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)(張強(qiáng)華-第二版)重點(diǎn)單詞及部分課后答案4974

計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)(張強(qiáng)華-第二版)重點(diǎn)單詞及部分課后答案Unit1單詞：Hardware硬件remember記得，想起，記住sequence連續(xù)，繼續(xù)，次序Monitor監(jiān)視器Motherboard主板memory記憶，回憶，存儲(chǔ)器mouse鼠標(biāo)animation動(dòng)畫片，卡通type類型，樣式pointer指針，Typewriter打字機(jī)conjunction接合，連接，連接詞perform履行，表演，行動(dòng)task任務(wù)，工作，作業(yè)keypad鍵區(qū)，數(shù)字按鍵鍵盤store存儲(chǔ)，儲(chǔ)指示器keyboard鍵盤disk磁盤，圓盤，唱片floppy軟的instruction指令，screen屏，屏幕view視域，觀察，觀看、軟盤命令，指示，用法說(shuō)明藏information消息，信息，通知diskette磁盤input輸入equip裝備，配備socket插孔，孔，套接字output輸出temporarily暫時(shí)地，臨時(shí)地I/Oport輸入輸出接口Circuitboard電路板Inreality事實(shí)上removefrom…c從。。。刪除inadditionto除，，，之外removabledisk可移動(dòng)硬盤externaldevice外部設(shè)備serialport串行接口Extrakey擴(kuò)充鍵Beuesdin用于Diskdrive磁盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器becapableof能夠，具有。。。的能力CPU（centralprocessunit）中央處理器USB（universalserialbus）通用串行總線RAM（randomaccessmemory）隨機(jī)存儲(chǔ)器SCSI（smallcomputersysteminterface）ROM（readonlymemory）只讀存儲(chǔ)器小型計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)接口文詞匯（使用學(xué)過(guò)的單詞、詞組或縮略語(yǔ)）詞匯〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應(yīng)的英英文解釋1)Aprocessorwhoseelementshavebeenminiaturizedintooneora1)CPU中央處理器fewintegratedcircuits.ItisusuallyusedinPC.2)Themainboardofacomputer,usuallycontainingthecircuitryfor2)motherboard主板thecentralprocessingunit,keyboard,andmonitorandoftenhavingslotsforacceptingadditionalcircuitry.3)Aunitofacomputerthatpreservesdataforretrieval.3)memory存儲(chǔ)器4)Ahand-held,button-activatedinputdevicethatwhenrolledalonga4)mouse鼠標(biāo)flatsurfacedirectsanindicatortomovecorrespondinglyaboutacomputerscreen,allowingtheoperatortomovetheindicatorfreely,astoselectoperationsormanipulatetextorgraphics.5)Asetofkeys,asonacomputerterminal,wordprocessor,5)keyboard鍵盤typewriter.1/7計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)(張強(qiáng)華-第二版)重點(diǎn)單詞及部分課后答案6)Aconnectionpointforaperipheraldevice.6)port接口7)Amachinecodetellingacomputertoperformaparticular7)instruction指令命令operation.8)Theinformationorimagedisplayedatagiventimeonamonitor,8)screen屏幕display,orvideoterminal:9)Aninputdevice,sometimespartofastandardtypewriterkeyboard,9)keypad鍵區(qū)consistingofaseparategridofnumericalandfunctionkeysarrangedforefficientdataentry.10)Informationputintoacommunicationssystemfortransmissionor10)input輸入intoacomputersystemforprocessing.〖Ex.5〗把下列短文翻譯成中文系統(tǒng)面板和普通鍵盤有專門控制鍵，你可以使用這些控制鍵實(shí)現(xiàn)主要的多媒體功能：觀相片、聽音樂(lè)和看電影。面板還有為看電視和閱讀電視指南而設(shè)的快速啟動(dòng)按鈕。Ex.9〗用that從句做賓語(yǔ)你應(yīng)該知道，你將下面漢語(yǔ)譯成英語(yǔ)不僅僅能讀取磁盤上的數(shù)據(jù)，也能夠往上面寫新的信息1.Youshouldknowthatyoucannotonlyreaddatafromthediskbutalsowritenewinformationtoit.你應(yīng)該意識(shí)到軟，盤容納不了多少數(shù)據(jù)2.Youshouldrealizethatfloppiesdonotholdtoomuchdata.我們計(jì)算機(jī)3.OurcomputerteachersaidthatUSBismuchslowerthanFirewire.我認(rèn)為CPU主要責(zé)任是執(zhí)行指令老實(shí)說(shuō)，USB要比火線慢多了4.Ithink/believethattheCPUisprimarilyresponsibleforexecutinginstructions.Unit2單詞Access訪問(wèn)存取Microprocessor微處理器Accessory附加設(shè)備Modem調(diào)制解調(diào)器Modulate調(diào)制調(diào)整Promote提供Analog模擬物相似物Attached附上。。。的Component部件Configuration配置Reproduce再生，，Resolution分辨率Retrieve檢索復(fù)制Convert使轉(zhuǎn)變Demodulate使調(diào)解，使檢波Document文檔，資料Drive驅(qū)動(dòng)器Sequential繼續(xù)的，后果的Analogsignal模擬型號(hào)Expansioncard擴(kuò)展卡Expansionslot擴(kuò)展槽Harddisk硬盤Eletronic電子的Flatbed平板Graphic繪畫似的，圖解的Handheld手持的Hopper-feed單進(jìn)的Interconnect互相連接Harddrive硬盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器Laserprinter激光打印機(jī)Plugandplay即插即用Videocard視頻卡BIOS（basicinput/outputsystem）CMOS(complementarymetaloxidesemiconductor)互補(bǔ)金屬氧化物半導(dǎo)體基本輸入輸出系統(tǒng)2/7計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)(張強(qiáng)華-第二版)重點(diǎn)單詞及部分課后答案〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應(yīng)的英文詞匯（使用學(xué)過(guò)的單詞、詞組或縮略語(yǔ)）英文解釋詞匯1)Adevicethatreadsdatafromandwritesdataontoastorage1)drive驅(qū)動(dòng)器medium,suchasafloppydisk.2)Thepartofasystemthatproducesprintedmatter.2)printer打印機(jī)3)Numericalorotherinformationrepresentedinaformsuitablefor3)data數(shù)據(jù)processingbycomputer.4)Tovarythefrequency,amplitude（振幅）,phase,orother4)modulate調(diào)制調(diào)整characteristicof(electromagneticwaves).5)Anintegratedcircuitthatcontainstheentirecentralprocessingunit5)microprocessor微處ofacomputeronasinglechip.理器6)acriterion（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）.6)standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)7)Thepointofinteractionorcommunicationbetweenacomputerand7)interface接口界面anyotherentity,suchasaprinterorhumanoperator.8)Anactivityprovidingentertainmentoramusement;apastime:9)Circularregionsadiskisdividedinto8)game游戲9)track磁道10)Thecombinationofequipmentneededtorunacomputersystem10)configuration配置Unit3〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應(yīng)的英文詞匯（使用學(xué)過(guò)的單詞、詞組或縮略語(yǔ)）英文解釋詞匯IC集成電路Atinysliceorchipofmaterialonwhichisetchedorimprintedacomplexofelectroniccomponentsandtheirinterconnections.Afaststoragebufferinthecentralprocessingunitofacomputer.Cache高速緩存AsmallmemorythatallowsfastaccesstopermanentlystoreddataROM只讀存儲(chǔ)器butpreventsadditiontoormodificationofthedata.Amachinecodetellingacomputertoperformaparticularoperation.Instruction命令指令A(yù)minutesliceofasemiconductingmaterial,suchassiliconorChip芯片germanium（鍺）,doped（摻雜質(zhì)）andotherwiseprocessedtohavespecifiedelectricalcharacteristics,especiallybeforeitisdevelopedintoanelectroniccomponentorintegratedcircuit.Themainboardofacomputer,usuallycontainingthecircuitryfortheMotherboard主板centralprocessingunit,keyboard,andmonitorandoftenhavingslotsforacceptingadditionalcircuitry.Oforrelatingtothegenerationortransmissionofelectricity.Asinglecompleteexecutionofaperiodicallyrepeatedphenomenon:Tochangeinformorcharacter;alter.Power能量Cycle周期Modify修正AsourceofregularlyoccurringpulsesusedtomeasurethepassageofClock時(shí)鐘time,asinacomputer.Unit43/7計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)(張強(qiáng)華-第二版)重點(diǎn)單詞及部分課后答案單詞Protocol協(xié)議Fundamental基礎(chǔ)的，基本的，基本原則Node結(jié)點(diǎn)Optimize使最優(yōu)化Reference提及，涉及，參考Construct建造，構(gòu)造，創(chuàng)立Queue隊(duì)列Circular圓形的，循環(huán)的Pseudo假的，冒充的Regular規(guī)則的，有秩序的，經(jīng)常的Expression表達(dá)式Stack堆棧Datastructure數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)Linkedlist鏈表Pseudocode偽代碼Problemsolving問(wèn)題求解，解決問(wèn)題FILI（firstin，lastout）先進(jìn)后出Machinecode機(jī)器代碼〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應(yīng)的英文詞匯（使用學(xué)過(guò)的單詞、詞組或縮略語(yǔ)）英文解釋詞匯Protocol協(xié)議Astandardprocedureforregulatingdatatransmisssionbetweencomputer.TomakeasperfectoreffectiveaspossibleOptimize使最優(yōu)化AsectionofmemoryanditsassociatedregistersusedfortemporaryStack堆棧storageofinformationinwhichtheitemmostrecentlystoredisthefirsttoberetrievedPositionorstatuswithregardtoconditionsandcircumstancesSituation情形，狀況，事態(tài)Toformbyassemblingorcombiningparts,buildOforrelatingtothefoundationorbase,elementaryAjunctionofsometypeConstruct構(gòu)造Fundamental基本的Node結(jié)點(diǎn)Toliveinaplaecpermanetlyorforanextendedperiod,existOfnoconsequence,efffect,orvalue,insignificantReside居住Null無(wú)效的，空的Anoperationoraquantitystatedinsymbolicform,suchasx,yorx+yExpression表達(dá)式Unit5單詞Assembler匯編程序Category種類，類目，類別Classify分類，分Predate比。。。要早Release發(fā)行等Replace取代Compile匯編，編輯Compiler編輯器Standardization標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化Browser瀏覽器Essentially本質(zhì)上，基本Incompatible不兼容的Object-oriented面向?qū)ο蟮腛ptimize使最優(yōu)化上Complex復(fù)雜的，合成的，綜合的Concept概念，觀念，思想Implement實(shí)現(xiàn)，履行Impressive給人深刻印象的Restricted受限制的悠閑地Portability可移植性Portable可移植的，便攜的4/7計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)(張強(qiáng)華-第二版)重點(diǎn)單詞及部分課后答案Assemblylanguage匯編語(yǔ)言Machinelanguage機(jī)器語(yǔ)言Webapplication網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用程序Webpage網(wǎng)頁(yè)Object-orientedlanguage面向?qū)ο笳Z(yǔ)言〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應(yīng)的英文詞匯（使用學(xué)過(guò)的單詞、詞組或縮略語(yǔ)）英文解釋詞匯computerlanguageAsystemofsymbolsandrulesusedforcommunicationwithorbetweencomputers.計(jì)算機(jī)語(yǔ)言Ahigh-levelcomputerprogramminglanguagedesignedtosupportPascallanguagestructuredprogrammingandusedinteaching,applications,andsystemsprogramming.Tomakeasperfectoreffectiveaspossible.Optimize使最優(yōu)化Category種類類別Aspecificallydefineddivisioninasystemofclassification;aclass.Tochange(something)intoanotherform,substance,state,orproduct;Convert轉(zhuǎn)變變換transform:AprogramoperatingonsymbolicinputdatatoproducetheequivalentAssembler匯編程序executablemachinecode.Toexamineorconsider(asubject)inspeechorwriting.Adefectinthecodeorroutineofaprogram.Totranslate(aprogram)intomachinelanguage.Tobeorprovideasubstitutefor.Discuss討論Bug錯(cuò)誤compileReplace取代〖Ex.5〗把下有五種樣式，價(jià)格從$80到$500不等，滿足了任何想打印相片用戶的需求。對(duì)于個(gè)別不可以選用佳能i455和i475D桌面相戶可以選擇中的檔i560和i860。對(duì)照相師，可以使用i9100相片打印機(jī)，列短文翻譯成中文佳能打印機(jī)常用的用戶，片打印機(jī)。對(duì)于性能要求更高，每種顏色要使用分開的墨盒的用于專業(yè)它能夠打印13X19英寸的大相片。Unit6單詞Collection收集收取收集物Initialize舒適化Remotely遠(yuǎn)程地，遙遠(yuǎn)地Terminal終端Provide供應(yīng)，供給，準(zhǔn)備，規(guī)定Complexity復(fù)雜性Interfere干涉，干預(yù)，妨礙Request請(qǐng)求，要求Priority優(yōu)先權(quán)Responsible可靠的，可依賴的，負(fù)責(zé)的Operatingsystem（OS）操作系統(tǒng)Petrolpump加油泵Interactwith與。。。交互，與。。相Multi-useroperatingsystem多用戶操作系統(tǒng)Multi-taskingoperatingsystem多任務(wù)操作系統(tǒng)合Wordprocess字處理程序MSDOS（microsoftdiskoperatingsystem）CLI（commandlineinterpreter）微軟磁盤操作系統(tǒng)命令行解釋程序5/7計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)(張強(qiáng)華-第二版)重點(diǎn)單詞及部分課后答案〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應(yīng)的英文詞匯（使用學(xué)過(guò)的單詞、詞組或縮略語(yǔ)）英文解釋詞匯Provide供給供應(yīng)equippedwithakeyboardandavideoTerminal終端Tomakeavailable,supply,affordAdevice,oftendisplay,throughwhichdataorinformationcanenterorleaveacomputersystemHavingfairknowledge,acquaintedFamiliar熟識(shí)的常見的Precedence,especiallyestablishedbyorderofimportanceorurgencyPriority優(yōu)先權(quán)Alarge,powerfulcomputer,oftenservingseveralconnectedterminalsMainframe主機(jī)TosettoastartingpositionorvalueInitialize初始化大型機(jī)Onethatdetects,especiallyamechanical,electrical,orchemicalDetector檢測(cè)器，探測(cè)器deviceAprogramthattranslatesaninstructionintoamachinelanguageandInterpreter解釋程序executesitbeforeproceedingtothenextinstructionNotinuseoroperationGarbage無(wú)用數(shù)據(jù)廢物Toexpressadesirefor,askforRequest要求請(qǐng)求〖Ex.4〗把下列句子翻譯為中文：1）Windows3.1只能在x86系列處理器計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行。2）WindowsCE是MS-Windows是輕便種類。3）WindowsCE可以在幾種不同的的、嵌入式系統(tǒng)的和手持設(shè)備上的處理器。4）UNIX功能強(qiáng)大，它完全是多任務(wù)的，能夠完成所有操作系統(tǒng)所能做的事情。處理器上運(yùn)行，包括x86系列以及幾種安裝在PDA（個(gè)人數(shù)字助理）上5）Linux可以免費(fèi)下載，也可以花費(fèi)少量服務(wù)費(fèi)用購(gòu)買Linux光盤。6）Linux也可能比任何操作系統(tǒng)都適合更多的硬件組合。7）人們甚至成功地使Linux在PDA（個(gè)人數(shù)字助理）上運(yùn)行。8）Linux速度快、性能穩(wěn)定且價(jià)格便宜，因此它受到因特網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商、軟件開發(fā)商和類似家庭計(jì)算機(jī)嗜好者的歡迎。9）到年底，最大容量臺(tái)式PC機(jī)硬盤的轉(zhuǎn)速將達(dá)到每分鐘5400轉(zhuǎn)。10）我推薦個(gè)人使用CD-R作為自己主要的備份工具。〖Ex.5〗把下近幾年硬件驅(qū)動(dòng)器給予以往的摩爾定律以沉重打擊。每18個(gè)月微處理器的產(chǎn)量相對(duì)晶體管翻一翻（理能力差不多翻了一翻），而驅(qū)動(dòng)器以及其它種類的存儲(chǔ)設(shè)備每10個(gè)到每12個(gè)月就能夠翻一翻。列短文翻譯成中文處Unit7〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應(yīng)的英文詞匯（使用學(xué)過(guò)的單詞、詞組或縮略語(yǔ)）英文解釋Asystemofcomputersinterconnectedbytelephonewiresorothermeansinordertoshareinformation.詞匯Network網(wǎng)絡(luò)Asystemthatlinkstogetherelectronicofficeequipment,suchascomputersandwordprocessors,andformsanetworkwithinanofficeorabuilding.LAN局域網(wǎng)6/7計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)(張強(qiáng)華-第二版)重點(diǎn)單詞及部分課后答案Thenumericaldifferencebetweentheupperandlowerfrequenciesofabandofelectromagneticradiation,especiallyanassignedrangeofradiofrequencies.Bandwidth帶寬Aspecifiedfrequencybandforthetransmissionandreceptionofelectromagneticsignals,asfortelevisionsignals.Animpulseorafluctuatingelectricquantity,suchasvoltage,current,orelectricfieldstrength,whosevariationsrepresentcodedinformation.Channel通道，信道Signal信號(hào)Thesendingofasignal,picture,orotherinformationfromatransmitter.Transmission傳送Protocol協(xié)議Astandardprocedureforregulatingdatatransmissionbetweencomputers.Aterminalinacomputernetwork.Node結(jié)點(diǎn)Adeviceusedtobreakoropenanelectriccircuitortodivertcurrentfromoneconductortoanother.Switch交換機(jī)Aboundorsheathedgroupofmutuallyinsulated