地面伽瑪能譜的應(yīng)用與成果野外工作方法及技術(shù)措施

地面伽瑪能譜的應(yīng)用與成果野外工作方法及技術(shù)措施 地面伽瑪能譜的應(yīng)用與成果野外工作方法及技術(shù)措施 地面伽瑪能譜的應(yīng)用與成果野外工作方法及技術(shù)措施 地面伽瑪能譜的應(yīng)用與成果野外工作方法及技術(shù)措施 地面伽瑪能譜的應(yīng)用與成果野外工作方法及技術(shù)措施眾所周知，鐳具有較強(qiáng)的活動(dòng)性，因此它容易形成范圍很廣的次生分散暈。疏松層中的鐳分散暈，往往是覆土下的基巖鈾礦化的一個(gè)重要標(biāo)志。當(dāng)鐳的含量很高時(shí)，分散暈容易為伽瑪總量測(cè)量所發(fā)現(xiàn)。由于伽瑪總量測(cè)量測(cè)得的射線強(qiáng)度不只與鐳含量的多少有關(guān)，而且還與別的放射性元素（如釷、鉀）變化有關(guān)，因此其異常/干擾比值較小。伽瑪能譜測(cè)量則能消除上述缺點(diǎn)，從而提高來異常 /干擾比值。Aseveryoneknows,radiumhasstrongeractivity,soitiseasytoformawiderangeofsecondarydispersionhalo.Thelooselayerofradiumdispersionhalo,isoftenanimportantsymbolofthebedrockofuraniummineralizationinsoilunderthe.Whentheradiumcontentisveryhigh,dispersionhaloeasilyfoundbyGamagrossmeasurement.Becausetherayintensitygammatotalmeasurementmeasurednotonlywiththeradiumcontentrelatedtohowmuch,butalsowithotherradioactiveelements(suchasthorium,potassium)change,thereforetheabnormal/interfereneeratio.Gammaenergyspectrummeasurementcaneliminatethedisadvantages,soastoimprovetheunusual/interfereneeratio.測(cè)區(qū)位于xx火山盆地。自I960年以來先后有華東608隊(duì)、中南309隊(duì)、華南292隊(duì)開展了大量的伽瑪、徑跡普查、詳查等工作，其中包括不同比例尺的綜合方法詳查、水化普查、放射性地質(zhì)測(cè)量、地表揭露等。發(fā)現(xiàn)了5103礦床,并在深部揭露評(píng)價(jià)了礦區(qū)南部的礦化點(diǎn)，礦區(qū)以北的五里橋 3104礦化點(diǎn)。為了擴(kuò)大找礦范圍，對(duì)該區(qū)進(jìn)行了1：2000地面伽瑪能譜測(cè)量，取得了一定的成果。LocatedattheXXvolcanobasinarea.Since1960therehavebeen608teams,SouthEast309teams,292teamsinSouthernChinacarriedoutalargenumberofgamma,tracksurvey,reconnaissaneework,detailed,comprehensivemethodsincludingdifferentscalehydrationcensus,radioactivegeologymeasurement,surfaceexposure.Found5103deposit,andexposetheevaluationofmineralizationinthedeepsouthernminingarea,miningareanorthoffivemilebridge3104mineralization.Inordertoexpandtheprospectingscope,ontheareaofthe1:2000groundgammaenergyspectrum,andachievedcertainresults.工作區(qū)地質(zhì)及地球物理特征Geologicalandgeophysicalcharacteristics1.1地質(zhì)特征geologicalfeatures

礦區(qū)位于盆地南緣。區(qū)內(nèi)中生代以來，巖漿活動(dòng)頻繁，早期大規(guī)?；◢弾r侵入，形成了該盆地東部的大神壩花崗巖巖體及盆地西部的桂坑花崗巖體， 到晚白堊世末期火山活動(dòng)已近尾聲，大量的酸性火山物質(zhì)攜帶著豐富的鈾銑絡(luò)合物涌上地表或近地表淺處，在后來的結(jié)晶、 脫玻過程中使一部分活動(dòng)的鈾活化出來， 成為成礦物質(zhì)的重要來源，同時(shí)火山熱液也為鈾的聚集創(chuàng)造了良好的條件。Mineislocatedinthesouthernmarginofthebasin.SineetheMesozoic,frequentmagmaticactivities,earlymassivegraniteintrusion,formedaGUIKenggranitebodyofthebasintotheeastofthewesternrockgoddamgraniteandbasin,toattheendofthelateCretaceousvolcanoactivityisneartheend,alargenumberofsubstancesacidicvolcanowithuranylcomplexesabundantChungonornearthesurfaceofshallowoffice,laterinthecrystal,thedevitrificationprocessthatapartofactiveuraniummobilization,becomeanimportantsourceofmetallogenicmaterials,atthesametimevolcanohydrothermaluraniumaccumulationtocreategoodconditions.地層較為簡(jiǎn)單，主要有寒武系一泥盆石炭系地層、白堊系上統(tǒng)葉塘組地層。Theformationofrelativelysimple,mainlyofCambrian,DevonianCarboniferousseriesleafpondformation,Cretaceousstrata.寒武系（€）—泥盆石炭系（D—C）:分布于南部和東南部，為一套復(fù)理式碎屑建造。巖性為青灰色砂質(zhì)板巖、千枚巖、變質(zhì)砂巖、絹云母片巖等。TheCambrian(c)-DevonianandCarboniferous(D-C):locatedintheSouthandSoutheast,isasetofflyschclasticrocks.Thelithologyisgreysandyslate,phyllite,metamorphicsandstone,sericiteschist.白堊系上統(tǒng)葉塘組(K2)分為下、中、上三組：UpperCretaceousleafTongGroup(K2)weredividedintothreegroups,:下組（K21）為黑色玄武巖；中組（K22）上部為紫紅色礫巖、砂礫巖、砂巖、粉砂巖；下部為紫紅色礫巖；上組（K23）為一套陸相酸性噴發(fā)巖，在該區(qū)大面積分布，巖性主要為流紋質(zhì)火山碎屑巖和熔巖。中上組頂部為礦床主要含礦巖系。Thegroup(K21)isablackbasaltgroup(K22);theredbreccia,conglomerate,sandstone,siltstone;thelowerpartispurplishredconglomerate;group(K23)isasetofcontinentalacideruptiverocks,inlargeareadistributioninthisarea,thelithologyismainlycomposedofrhyoliticvolcanoclasticrocksandlava.Inthegroupoftopdepositmainore-bearingrockseries.白堊系上統(tǒng)葉塘組(K2)主要出露在礦區(qū)北部，不整合復(fù)蓋在菖蒲群之上，為一套內(nèi)陸河湖相沉積的磨拉石建造。巖性主要為紫紅色砂礫巖、砂巖、 淺色粉砂巖。

UpperCretaceousleafTongGroup(K2)ismainlyexposedinthenorthernminingarea,unconformabilityinChangpugroup,molasseformationisasetofinlandlakefacies.Themainlithologyispurplishredsandyconglomerate,sandstone,siltstone,light.礦床構(gòu)造主要有陡傾層間硅化破碎帶（F15）和NWW向兩組構(gòu)造。F15層間硅化破碎帶，是礦床主要控礦、含礦構(gòu)造。處于麻樓斷裂帶北側(cè)，沿含礫晶屑熔結(jié)凝灰?guī)r和含礫凝灰?guī)r界面發(fā)育。走向 260?280°傾向350?200°，傾角60?75°長(zhǎng)4.5km，寬0.2?2m，西段最寬8m。舒緩波狀，物質(zhì)成份主要由硅化凝灰?guī)r、含礫凝灰?guī)r、角礫巖、糜棱巖、裂隙破碎巖帶等組成。熱液活動(dòng)深部顯示較強(qiáng)，地表微弱。主要表現(xiàn)為硅化、赤鐵礦化、含鈾炭質(zhì)物，顯示與鈾礦化的密切關(guān)系。Thestructureofthedepositsaremainlysteepinterlayersilicifiedfracturezone(F15)andNWWtothetwogroupstructure.F15interlayersilicifiedfracturedzone,isthemainore-controlling,ore-bearingstructure.Inthenorthofhempfloorfracturezone,developmentalongthegravelcrystalignimbriteandtuffgravelinterface.Trend260~280 tendencyin350~200 ,theangle60?75°,long4.5km,width0.2~2m,widthofthe8m.Slowwaveshape,materialcompositionismainlycomposedofsilicifiedtuff,lapillituff,breccia,mylonite,fracturerockbeltetc..Hydrothermalactivitydeepshowedstrongweak,surface.Mainlyforthesilicification,hematitization,uraniumcontainingcarbonmatter,showsacloserelationshipwithuraniummineralization.1.2地球物理特征oftheearth'sphysicalcharacteristics區(qū)內(nèi)放射性元素在各地層中分布具有明顯差異。 鈾含量從新到老，從上到下的變化趨勢(shì)如表1，古近系鈾含量最低，寒武系釷含量最低，紫紅色晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r鉀最低，大片地段為零。據(jù)礦床鈾鐳平衡系數(shù)測(cè)定，地表稍偏鐳，整個(gè)礦床平衡，且變化較小，為測(cè)區(qū)開展放射性物探工作提供了良好的條件。 水中鈾含量及氡濃度都較低，鈾一般為10X10-7克/升，氡約72.9Bq/升，水質(zhì)類型為SiO2-H-N型為主。Radioactiveelementswithintheareadistributionhasobviousdiffereneeineachlayerinthe.Uraniumcontentfromthenewtotheold,fromthetrendtothenextastable1,Paleogeneuraniumcontentwasthelowest,theCambrianthoriumcontentwasthelowest,purplecrystalfusedtuffpotassiumminimum,largeareaiszero.AccordingtothedeterminationofdepositU-Raequilibriumcoefficient,thesurfaceslightlyradium,thedepositbalanee,andthechangeissmall,measuringtheradioactivegeophysicalprospectingworkhasprovidedgoodconditions.Thecontentofuraniumandradonconcentrationinwaterarelow,uraniumis10 10Xg/L,radonisabout72.9Bq/litersofwaterquality,typeSiO2-H-N.地面伽瑪能譜的應(yīng)用與成果Applicationandresultsof2groundgamma-rayspectrum2.1野外工作方法及技術(shù)措施2.1fieldworkmethodsandtechnicalmeasures1:2000伽瑪能譜測(cè)量，采用規(guī)則測(cè)網(wǎng),用高精度GPS測(cè)量?jī)x布置基線，測(cè)線距為20m，誤差不超過0.1米。測(cè)線長(zhǎng)不超過1000m，測(cè)線用地質(zhì)羅盤定方位,點(diǎn)距為10m，用2m木桿丈量，每100m誤差不超過2m?；€基本平行主要控礦構(gòu)造和巖層走向。測(cè)網(wǎng)精度均達(dá)到規(guī)范要求。測(cè)網(wǎng)覆蓋整個(gè)測(cè)區(qū)的多種巖性,礦體，構(gòu)造以及斷裂帶。1:2000gammaspectrummeasurement,usingtheregularsurveygrid,usinghighprecisionGPSmeterisarrangedatbaseline,linespacingis20m,theerrorisnotmorethan0.1meters.Totallengthisnotmorethan1000m,linewithgeologicalcompassorientation,distaneeis10m,2mwoodmeasurement,theerrorislessthan2mper100m.Baselinesubstantiallyparalleltothemainore-controllingstructureandstrike.Measurementprecisionreachedthestandardrequirements.Monitoringnetworkcoveringthewholeareaofthelithology,orebody,structureandfracturezone.2.2異常特征及推斷anomaliesandinferenee從圖中圈出的偏高場(chǎng)分布來看，總量偏高場(chǎng)共劃分7個(gè)，編號(hào)分別為刀1?7號(hào)，鈾偏高場(chǎng)、高場(chǎng)共劃分20個(gè)暈圈片或暈圈帶，編號(hào)分別為U1?20。其中U1?5號(hào)是位于5103礦場(chǎng)西段500m的F15和上增斷裂交匯部分；U6?9號(hào)偏高場(chǎng)位于上增斷裂西北和磷石下斷裂附近； U10?13號(hào)位于測(cè)區(qū)磷石下斷裂西北。U14?17號(hào)位于F15帶附近；U18?20號(hào)位于麻地坑處?；窘M成三個(gè)鈾遠(yuǎn)景片。I級(jí)遠(yuǎn)景片由2、4號(hào)偏高場(chǎng)組成。U級(jí)遠(yuǎn)景片由5、7、14、16偏高場(chǎng)組成；III級(jí)遠(yuǎn)景片由1、3、6、8、9、10、11、12、13、15、17、18、19、20組成。Fromthepointofviewofdrawingcirclehighfielddistribution,thetotalisdividedinto7,numbered 藝1~7,higheruraniumfield,highfieldisdividedinto20haloorhalozone,numberedU1~20.U1~5islocatedonthe5103fieldof500mF15andincreasedfractureintersectionpart;fracturenearU6~9islocatedonthenorthwestandphosphorusincreasedfractureunderthestone;U10~13islocatedinthenorthwestareaofphosphorusundertherockfracture.U14~17intheF15zone;U18~20mApitlocatedat.Thebasiccompositionofthreeuraniumprospectstablets.Compositionofvisionby2,No.

4highfield.IIvisionchipconsistsof5,7,14,16highfield;IIIvisioniscomposedof1,3,6,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,17,18,19,20.圖1工作區(qū)鈾異常及總量異常分布圖AnomalydistributionmapFigure1workareaandthetotaluraniumanomalyI級(jí)遠(yuǎn)景片由2、4號(hào)偏高場(chǎng)組成。Compositionofvisionby2,No.4highfield.2號(hào)U偏高場(chǎng)位于F15帶上，產(chǎn)于含礫凝灰?guī)r和晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r的接觸界面附近。U含量一般7?16.4ppm,最高含量達(dá)21.8ppm。偏高場(chǎng)呈東西展布，長(zhǎng)420m,寬20m?150m，場(chǎng)值較高。通過實(shí)地檢查，為5103礦床礦化引起，有較好的找礦意義，可進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)邊探深擴(kuò)大遠(yuǎn)景地段。UhighfieldislocatedintheF15zone,neartotuffandtuffgravelchipweldinginterface.Ucontentisgenerally7~16.4ppm,thehighestcontentofupto21.8ppm.Highfieldineast-westdistribution,long420m,wide20m~150m,fieldvaluesofhigher.Throughon-the-spotinspection,duetothe5103mineralization,havegoodprospectingsignificanee,furtherexpansionofsoundingexpandprospectarea.4號(hào)位于大塘肚北面和5103礦床南側(cè)，產(chǎn)于次流紋斑巖（入n）花崗斑巖（丫冗）的上盤。高場(chǎng)值連續(xù)性較好，暈圈呈東西向，長(zhǎng) 220m，寬80m?130m。U含量一般8?12ppm,局部最高達(dá)27.7ppm。前人在此進(jìn)行過鉆探淺部探索，見有藍(lán)礦化，可進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)邊探深尋找深部礦化擴(kuò)大遠(yuǎn)景。No.4islocatedinNorthandSouthTong5103deposit,producedinthesecondaryrhyoliteporphyry(lambdaPI)andgranite( 丫冗)ofthehangingwall.Highfieldvaluebettercontinuity,halowaseast-west,long220m,wide80m-130m.Ucontentisgenerally8~12ppm,thelocalhighupto27.7ppm.Thepredecessorinthistooshallowdrillingexploration,seebluemineralization,furtherexpansionofdeepinsearchofdeepmineralizationprospectextension.U級(jí)遠(yuǎn)景片由5、7、14、16號(hào)4個(gè)U偏高場(chǎng)組成。visionchipconsistsof5,7,14,16,4Uhighfield.5號(hào)位于上增斷裂帶東側(cè)，產(chǎn)于紫紅色晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r （K23C-2）中，附近有一個(gè)800丫的異常點(diǎn)。U含量一般7?9ppm，長(zhǎng)340m，寬40m?140m，連續(xù)性較好，暈圈呈北東向。上增斷裂為成礦有利地段，有一定的找礦意義，可進(jìn)行深部探索。No.5islocatedintheeastofafaultzone,producedinthepurplecrystalweldedtuff(K23c-2),abnormalpointofa800gammanear.Ucontentis

generally7~9ppm,length340m,width40m~140m,goodcontinuity,halone-trending.Afaultisthemineralizationfavorableareas,hasacertainsignificaneeinprospectingfordeepexploration.7號(hào)位于磷石下斷裂下盤，產(chǎn)于紫紅色晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r（K23C-2）和含礫凝灰?guī)r。U含量一般7?9ppm，長(zhǎng)190m，寬70m?100m，連續(xù)性較好，暈圈呈北東向。受磷石下斷裂控制，有一定的找礦意義。No.7inphosphorusrockunderthefootwall,producedinthepurplecrystalweldedtuff（K23c-2）andpebbledtuff.Ucontentisgenerally7~9ppm,length190m,width70m~100m,goodcontinuity,halone-trending.Thephosphaterockfracturecontrol,haveacertainsignificaneetooreprospecting.14號(hào)位于F15帶南側(cè)，處于細(xì)花崗巖（丫52巖性中，受中基性巖脈與磷石下斷裂和花崗斑巖（Yn）向。U含量一般7?15ppm。長(zhǎng)150m,寬80m?100m。連續(xù)性好，成礦有利。對(duì)找礦有意義。No.14islocatedinthesouthoftheF15band,infinegranite（ 丫52）lithology,themaficdikesandphosphorusrockfractureandporphyrygranite（ 丫冗）effect.ThecontentofUis7~15ppm.Long150m,wide80m-100m.Goodcontinuity,mineralization.Thereissignificancetooreprospecting.16號(hào)位于F15帶附近，產(chǎn)于含礫凝灰?guī)r（K23a-7）中。U含量一般7ppm?10.8ppm，長(zhǎng)250m，寬50m?160m?？赡苁蹻15影響，成礦性大，對(duì)地質(zhì)找礦意義較大。值得繼續(xù)工作。No.16islocatedintheF15zone,producedinthegraveltuff（K23a-7）.Ucontentingeneral7ppm~10.8ppm,length250m,width50m~160m.MaybeaffectedbyF15,mineralization,thegeologicalprospectingsignificance.Tocontinuetowork.級(jí)遠(yuǎn)景片由1、3、6、8、9、10、11、12、13、15、17、18、19、20組成。IIIvisioniscomposedof1,3,6,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,17,18,19,20.1、17號(hào)產(chǎn)于紫紅色晶屑熔結(jié)凝灰?guī)r（K23C-2）中，U含量一般7?11ppm,偏高場(chǎng)的展布方向成正北方向。由幾個(gè)小暈圈組成，規(guī)模小， U含量低，連續(xù)性差，無構(gòu)造痕跡，找礦意義不大。1,No.17inpurplecrystalignimbrite（K23c-2）,Ucontentisgenerally7~11ppm,intothenorthdirectionofhighfield.Composition,consistsofseveralsmallhaloofsmallscale,lowUcontent,poorcontinuity,nostructuraltraces,prospectingsignificance.

3號(hào)U偏高場(chǎng)位于5103礦床附近，分布于坑道口及堆礦場(chǎng)。U含量一般12.8ppm?33.4ppm,最高含量為1109.8ppm。長(zhǎng)600m，寬80?230m，場(chǎng)值高，連續(xù)性較好。經(jīng)實(shí)地調(diào)查由坑口、堆礦場(chǎng)礦渣以及流水沖積礦渣形成的大面積異常。無找礦意義。Uhighfieldislocatedinthe5103depositsnear,distributedintheaditandoreyard.Ucontentingeneral12.8ppm~33.4ppm,themaximumwas1109.8ppm.Long600m,width80~230m,thefieldvalueishigh,goodcontinuity.BasedontheinvestigationfromHangHau,mineslagheapandlargeareaofwaterslagformationofalluvialanomalies.Noprospectingsignificanee.6、8?13、15、17?20號(hào)暈圈場(chǎng)值低，連續(xù)性差，無構(gòu)造痕跡，由花崗斑巖和晶屑熔接凝灰?guī)r（K23C-2）局部增高引起，找礦意義不大。6,8-13,15,17~20,halofieldvalueislow,poorcontinuity,nostructuraltraces,bythegraniteporphyryandtuff(K23c-2)chipweldinglocalincreasing,prospectingsignificanee.從整體來看，鈾的暈圈帶的面積遠(yuǎn)大于總量的異常面積，其中 U-4、U-7和U-14這幾個(gè)較高的鈾偏高場(chǎng)并未在總量暈圈里，這幾個(gè)異常帶分別受幾個(gè)主要控礦構(gòu)造帶控制，都具