2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市茅西中學(xué)高二英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市茅西中學(xué)高二英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Ilookonitasagoodopportunityto_________freshskillsandbroadenmyknowledge.A.acquire

B.require

C.accept

D.receive參考答案：A2.Theboyisoftenfound_______inreadingbooks.A.absorbs

B.isabsorbed

C.absorbing

D.absorbed參考答案：D3.________confidenceinyourselfisthebiggestbarrier_______greaterprogressinyourwork.A.Lackingof;tomaking

B.Lackof;tomakeC.Lackof;tomaking

D.Thelackof;tomake參考答案：Ｃ略4.Shehasalreadytriedherbest.Pleasedon'tbetoo_________aboutherjob.A.special

B.responsible

C.unusual

D.particular參考答案：D10.______Iwasachild,I’vewantedtolearntodance.A.Eversince

B.Incase

C.Though

D.Eventhough

參考答案：A略6.Hardly

whentheyrealizedthatitwastoolatetocatchthelasttrain.A.theclockhadstrucktwelve

B.theclockhadbeenstrucktwelveC.hadtheclockbeenstrucktwelve

D.hadtheclockstrucktwelve參考答案：D7.Keepawayfromsmokers,sincenon-smokerswhoarealwaysaroundsmokershavealmostthesame__________ofsufferingfromlungcancer.A.potential

B.occasion

C.symptom

D.anxiety參考答案：A8.Theywillnevergivein_______theymightdoorsayabouttheplan.A.although

B.nomatterhow

C.whatever

D.how參考答案：C9.HissmoothspokenEnglishhasgivenhercertainadvantages_______othersinjobhunting.A.to

B.on

C.above

D.over參考答案：D10.Itstillremainsamysterywhysomepeopleare_______certainflowerfragrancewhileothersarenot.

A.allergicto

B.accustomedto

C.addictedto

D.appealingto參考答案：A

11.—DoyouknowthereasonwhytheWhitesgotdivorced?—No,theyhaven’tquarreledwitheachothersincetheygotmarried._______,theybrokeupfinally.A.Somehow

B.Anyhow

C.Anyway

D.Somewhat參考答案：A12.Theairisbadlypollutedbecausesomefactoriesdon’t

therulestoprotecttheenvironment.A.appreciate

B.regard

C.honor

D.respect參考答案：D13.Mygrandmagaveussandwichesforourpicnicandabagofcookies

.A.inaddition

B.bymistake

C.bychance

D.inhand參考答案：A14.therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars.A.Havinggiven B.Give C.Given D.Togive參考答案：C考查過去分詞作狀語。這里give與句子的主語theseteenagesoccerplayers之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以這里要用過去分詞。句意:若給予正確的訓(xùn)練,這些青少年足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員有一天可能會(huì)成長為國際明星。15.Imake$2,000aweek,60surelywon’tmake____differencetome.A.thatabig

B.athatbig

C.bigathat

D.thatbiga參考答案：D16.Getamoveon!Therunnershave_______theirpositionsonthestartingline.

A.madeup

B.pickedup

C.dressedup

D.takenup參考答案：D略二、完型填空17.Largelybecauseofitsscale,amajorstrategysuchastheBRIinevitablyfindsitselfhavingtonavigatenumerousobstacles.___21___theChinesesayinggoes,"Atalltreeattractsthewind.’’Manycommentatorsseetheprojectasanefforttogainadvantageandgloballeverage___22___geopoliticalrivals,suchastheU.S.,India,andGermany.Thesameconcernsthat___23___inthepastfewyearsaboutinvestmentinChina-limitsonaccesstolucrative(賺錢的)markets,forcedpartnershipswithChinesecompanies,pressuretoyieldtechnologicalknowledgeandintellectualproperty,andrestrictionsoninformationflow-havealsobeenraisedabouttheBeltandRoadInitiative.___24___,webelievesomecommentaryhasbeentooquicktonarrowlylabeltheBRIasapurelygeopoliticalplaybyChinaintended___25___itsinfluenceacrossEastAsiaandCentralAsia.

Therearealsosigns___26___China'sstate-ownedenterprisesarechangingtheirbehavior.TheassociationoftheBRIwith"XiJinpingthought"suggeststhatChinesecompaniesarebeingencouraged___27___qualitygrowthandprofitability,notjustgrowthatanycost.Furthermore,theBRI's___28___withglobalfundingentitiessuchastheWorldBankandtheAsianDevelopmentBankdemonstratesitscommercialfocus.Thecrucialquestionoffunding___29___onlyinpart.TheChinesegovernmenthasallocatedhugesumstoBRIprojects.MajorfundingsourcessuchastheSilkRoadFundandpolicyandcommercialbankshavecommittedto____30____$186billion,asof2016.AtaBRIsummitinChinainMay2017,XiannouncedtheexpansionoftheSilkRoadFundby$14.8billioninadditiontoitsstartingcapitalof$40billion.Policybanksarealso____31____BRImulticurrencyspeciallendingschemes____32____about$56billion.Yeteventhiswillnotbeenoughto____33____everything.Chinais____34____seekingpartnershipswithforeigncompaniesbecause,____35____domesticfinancialconstraints,itcannotaffordtofundalltheseBRIprojectsonitsown.Morethan600millionChinesepeoplestilllive____36____“middleincome"status,andtheindebtednessofChinesecorporationsandprovinceslooms(隱約可見)asasignificantissue.Webelievethishasprofound-andpositive-implicationsfortheBRI:Chinanotonlyneeds____37____,atapolicylevel,wantstheBRItoshowcommercialreturnsassoonasis____38____possible.Thismeansthatthereissignificantpotentialalignment(一致)betweentheobjectivesofChinaand____39____offoreigncompaniesandinvestorsastheylooktoget____40____.21.A.Like B.As C.When D.While22.A.attheendof B.atallcosts C.attheexpenseof D.atthebeginningof23.A.havebeenfocused B.havebeenignored C.havebeenconcerned D.havebeenexpressed24.A.However B.Therefore C.Instead D.Besides25.A.toimprove B.tostrengthen C.toincrease D.toearn26.A.what B.which C.who D.that27.A.tocommenton B.tocareabout C.tocallfor D.tofocuson28.A.association B.relation C.organization D.construction29.A.istested B.isanswered C.isfound D.israised30.A.supporting B.helping C.financing D.donating31.A.puttingup B.settingup C.holdingup D.takingup32.A.totaling B.adding C.counting D.reaching33.A.contain B.include C.hold D.cover34.A.quickly B.greatly C.actively D.abruptly35.A.insteadof B.owingto C.asto D.inreturnto36.A.above B.under C.beneath D.below37.A.or B.and C.so D.but38.A.importantly B.really C.practically D.likely39.A.these B.those C.that D.this40.A.involved B.engaged C.united D.occupied參考答案：21.B

22.C

23.D

24.A

25.B

26.D

27.D

28.A

29.B

30.C

31.B

32.A

33.D

34.C

35.B

36.D

37.D

38.C

39.B

40.A本文是一篇說明文，介紹了習(xí)近平主席提出的一帶一路倡議的目的以及目前面臨的困難?！?1題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：正如中國有句俗語所說“樹大招風(fēng)”。Asthesayinggoes表示“正如俗語所說”，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：許多評論人士認(rèn)為，該倡議旨在以犧牲地緣政治對手為代價(jià)來獲得優(yōu)勢和全球利益。A.attheendof在……的盡頭；B.atallcosts不惜一切代價(jià)；

C.attheexpenseof以……為代價(jià)；D.atthebeginningof在……的開始。根據(jù)空前的“gainadvantageandgloballeverage”可知，許多評論人士認(rèn)為該倡議旨在以犧牲如美國、印度、德國等地緣政治對手為代價(jià)來獲得優(yōu)勢和全球利益，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人們對在華投資也表達(dá)了同樣的擔(dān)憂——限制進(jìn)入利潤豐厚的市場，強(qiáng)迫與中國企業(yè)結(jié)成伙伴關(guān)系，要求獲得技術(shù)知識(shí)和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的壓力，以及對信息流動(dòng)的限制。A.focused集中；B.ignored忽視；

C.havebeenconcerned

涉及；D.havebeenexpressed表達(dá)。根據(jù)空后的“inthepastfewyearsaboutinvestmentinChina…”可知此處是說人們對在華投資也表達(dá)了同樣的擔(dān)憂，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查連接副詞辨析。句意：然而，我們認(rèn)為，一些評論過于草率地將一帶一路定義為目的是增強(qiáng)中國在東亞和中亞的影響力的地緣政治游戲。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Instead相反；D.Besides此外。根據(jù)句意可知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.improve改進(jìn)；

B.strengthen增強(qiáng)；C.increase增加；D.earn贏得。一些評論將“一帶一路”定義為地緣政治游戲是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為一帶一路倡議的目的是增強(qiáng)中國在東亞和中亞的影響力，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：也有跡象表明，中國國有企業(yè)正在改變自己的行為。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為同位語從句，解釋說明signs的內(nèi)容，從句成分完整，所以用that引導(dǎo)這個(gè)同位語從句，僅起連接作用，無實(shí)義，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：習(xí)近平提出的一帶一路倡議表明了中國政府鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)注重質(zhì)量增長和盈利能力，而不是不惜任何代價(jià)的增長。A.commenton對……評論；B.careabout關(guān)心；C.callfor提倡；D.focuson集中精力于。根據(jù)空后的“qualitygrowthandprofitability,notjustgrowthatanycost.”可知，中國政府鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)注重質(zhì)量增長和盈利能力，而不是不惜任何代價(jià)的增長，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一帶一路與世界銀行、亞洲開發(fā)銀行等全球融資機(jī)構(gòu)的合作，體現(xiàn)了其商業(yè)重心。A.association

聯(lián)系（合作）；B.relation關(guān)系；C.organization組織；D.construction建設(shè)。根據(jù)空后的“withglobalfundingentitiessuchastheWorldBankandtheAsianDevelopmentBank”可知，一帶一路與世界銀行、亞洲開發(fā)銀行等全球融資機(jī)構(gòu)的合作，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：資金的關(guān)鍵問題只得到部分解決。A.tested測試；B.answered回答；C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.raised提出。根據(jù)空前的“Thecrucialquestionoffunding”可知此處指資金的關(guān)鍵問題只得到部分回答（解決），故B項(xiàng)正確。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：截至2016年，絲路基金、政策和商業(yè)銀行等主要資金來源已籌措資金1860億美元。A.supporting支持；B.helping幫助；C.financing籌措資金；D.donating捐獻(xiàn)。絲路基金、政策和商業(yè)銀行是一帶一路的主要資金來源，他們承諾籌措資金1860億美元，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：政策銀行還在制訂一帶一路多幣種特別貸款計(jì)劃，總額約560億美元。A.puttingup張貼；B.settingup制訂、建立；C.holdingup舉起；D.takingup開始從事。根據(jù)空后的“BRImulticurrencyspeciallendingschemes”可知，政策銀行還在制訂一帶一路多幣種特別貸款計(jì)劃，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.totaling總計(jì)達(dá)到；B.adding添加；C.counting計(jì)算總數(shù)；D.reaching達(dá)到。這個(gè)多幣種特別貸款計(jì)劃得到款總額多達(dá)560億美元，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，即便如此，也不足以涵蓋一切。A.contain包含；B.include包括；C.hold支撐；D.cover涵蓋?？蘸笳f中國正積極尋求與外國公司建立伙伴關(guān)系，這表明這個(gè)多幣種特別貸款計(jì)劃不足以涵蓋一切（解決所有問題），故D項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：中國正積極尋求與外國公司建立伙伴關(guān)系，因?yàn)橛捎趪鴥?nèi)財(cái)政緊張，中國無法獨(dú)自為所有這些一帶一路項(xiàng)目提供資金。A.quickly快速地；B.greatly極大地；C.actively積極地；D.abruptly突然地，唐突地。由于國內(nèi)財(cái)政緊張，中國無法獨(dú)自為所有這些一帶一路項(xiàng)目提供資金，所以中國正積極尋求與外國公司建立伙伴關(guān)系，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.insteadof而不是；B.owingto由于；C.asto至于；D.inreturnto作為……的報(bào)答。根據(jù)空后的“domesticfinancialconstraints,itcannotaffordtofundalltheseBRIprojectsonitsown.”可知，由于國內(nèi)財(cái)政緊張，中國無法獨(dú)自為所有這些一帶一路項(xiàng)目提供資金，故B項(xiàng)正確。【36題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：中國還有六億多人生活在中等收入以下。A.above在……以上；B.under在……之下（常指方位）；C.beneath低于、不夠好；D.below在……以下（常指水平、收入）。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，中國還有很多人生活在中等收入以下，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：中國不但需要，而且在政策層面，希望一帶一路在實(shí)際上盡快展現(xiàn)商業(yè)回報(bào)。notonly…but(also)表示“不但……而且……”，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.importantly

重要地；B.really真實(shí)地；C.practically在實(shí)際上；D.likely可能。中國希望一帶一路在實(shí)際上盡快展現(xiàn)商業(yè)回報(bào)，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?9題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著，在外國公司和投資者尋求參與的過程中，中國的目標(biāo)與他們的目標(biāo)是一致的。A.these這些；B.those那些；C.that那個(gè)；D.this這個(gè)。根據(jù)句意可知此處用those指代前面的objectives，故B項(xiàng)正確。40題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.involved參與、涉及；B.engaged訂婚；C.united聯(lián)合；D.occupied占據(jù)。根據(jù)空前的“thereissignificantpotentialalignment(一致)betweentheobjectivesofChinaand___19___offoreigncompaniesandinvestorsastheylooktoget”可知，中國的目標(biāo)與那些尋求參與到一帶一路中來的外國公司和投資者的目標(biāo)是一致的，故A項(xiàng)正確。三、閱讀理解18.

Childrenstartoutasnaturalscientists,eagertolookintotheworldaroundthem.Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy;thereisnoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.Youonlyhavetoshareyourchildren’scuriosity.Firstly,listentotheirquestions.Ioncevisitedaclassroomofseven–year-oldstotalkaboutscienceasajob.Thechildrenaskedme“textbookquestions”aboutschooling,salaryandwhetherIlikedmyjob.WhenIfinishedanswering,wesatfacingoneanotherinscience.FinallyIsaid,”Nowthatwe’vefinishedwithyourlists,doyouhavequestionsofyourownaboutscience?”

Afteralongpause,aboyraisedhishand,“haveyoueverseenagrasshoppereat?WhenItryeatingleaveslikethat,Igetastomachache.Why?”

Thisbeganasetofquestionsthatlastednearlytwohours.

Secondly,givethemtimetothink.Studiesoverthepast30yearshaveshownthat.Afteraskingaquestion,adultstypicallywaitonlyonesecondorlessforananswer,notimeforachildtothink.Whenadultsincreasetheir“waittime”tothreesecondsormore,childrengivemorelogical,completeandcreativeanswers.

Thirdly,watchyourlanguage.Onceyouhaveachildinvolvedinasciencediscussion,don’tjumpinwith“That’sright”or“verygood”.Thesewordsworkwellwhenitcomestoencouraginggoodbehavior.Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying,“That’sinteresting”or“I’dneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore’,orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.

Neverpushachildto“think”.Itdoesn’tmakesense;childrenarealwaysthinking,withoutyourtellingthemto.What’smore,thiscanturnaconversationintoaperformance.Thechildwilltrytofindtheansweryouwant,inasfewwordsaspossible,sothathewillbeasmalltargetforyourdisagreement.

Lastly,show;don’ttell.Real-lifeimpressionsofnaturearefarmoreimpressivethananylessonchildrencanlearnfromabookoratelevisionprogram.Letchildrenlookattheirfingertipsthroughamagnifyingglass,andthey’llunderstandwhyyouwantthemtowashbeforedinner.Ratherthansayingthatwaterevaporates,setapotofwatertoboilandletthemwatchthewaterleveldrop.51.Accordingtothepassage,childrenarenaturalscientist,andtoraisetheirinterest,themostimportantthingforadultstodois______________.A.toletthemseetheworldaround

B.tosharethechildren’scuriosityC.toexplaindifficultphrasesaboutscience

D.tosupplythechildrenwithlabequipment52.Inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraph,theword“l(fā)ist”couldbestbereplacedby______________.A.anyquestions

B.anyproblems

C.questionsfromthetextbooks

D.anynumberofquestions53.Accordingtothepassage,childrencananswerquestionsinamorelogical,completeandcreativewayifadults______________________.A.askthemtoanswerquickly

B.waitforoneortwosecondsafteraquestionC.tellthemtoanswerthenextday

D.waitatleastforthreesecondsafteraquestion54.Inwhichofthefollowingparagraph(s)doestheauthortelluswhattosaytoencouragechildreninasciencediscussion?A.The2ndand3rd

B.The4thand5th

C.The5thand6th

D.The7th55.Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingtechniquesforadultstosharewiththeirchildren’scuriosityexceptthatadultsshould_____________.A.telltheirchildrenstoriesinsteadofrecitingfactsB.offertheirchildrenchancestoseethingsforthemselvesC.bepatientenoughwhentheirchildrenanswerquestionsD.encouragetheirchildrentoaskquestionsoftheirown參考答案：BCDCA19.Researchhasshownthatmusichasanimportanteffectonone’sbodyandmind.Infact,thereisagrowingfieldofhealthcareknownasmusictherapy（療法）,whichusesmusictotreatdiseases.Evenhospitalsarebeginningtousemusictherapy.Thisisnotsurprising,asmusicaffectsthebodyandmindinmanypowerfulways.Researchhasshownthatquickmusiccanmakeapersonfeelmorealert,whileslowmusiccanproduceacalm,deepthinkingstate.Also,researchhasfoundthatmusiccanchangebrainwaveactivitylevels.Thiscanh