真菌學(xué)教學(xué)課件：真菌修復(fù)植被

MycoforestryTheCortesIslandMycoforestryResearchProjectIn2003,IboughtlandonCortesIsland,BritishColumbia,halfofwhichhadbeenclear-cutbythepreviousowner.Whatremainsisamixtureofold-growthandsecond-growthDouglasfir,hemlock,andwesternredcedarforests.Wesawthislandasanidealplacefordemonstratingmycoforestrystrategiesthatofferanalternativetotraditionalforestrymethods,whichofteninvolveburningthedebrisonclear-cutland.

Traditionalforesters’motivesforburningsuchdebrisaretoremovetheobstructivebrushandreducefuelforfutureforestfires.Generally,Iopposeslashandburnasamanagementpolicyforreforestationandproposeanew,combinedstrategy.

Fromthisdevastatedlandscape,wesawanopportunityfordemonstratingnovelmycoforestrystrategies,withtheendgoalofreestablishingtheold-growthforestforfuturegenerations.

Thismulti-lifetime-longexperimentwillcomparetheeffectsofintroducingmycorrhizaeandtheeffectsofatopdressingofwoodchipsasasourceofdelayed-releasenutrientsandtohelpretainmoisture.Forthislong-termmycoforestryexperiment,Idividedtheclear-cutportionofmypropertyinto4typesoftestplots.Wepicked2nativetreespeciestoreforesttheland:Douglasfirandcedar,35,000seedlingsinall.Theroot-ballsofhalfofthecedarswereeachexposedtoapproximatelyhalfamillionsporesoftheendomycorrhizalspeciesGlomusintraradices,whiletherootballsofhalfoftheDouglasfirswereexposedtoasimilarquantityoftheectomycorrhizalspeciesRhizopogonparksii.HalfofthecedarsandDouglasfirsdidnotreceiveanyspore-masstreatment.

Aroundthebaseofhalfofthetreesineachtreatedanduntreatedgroupweuseda

topdressingofwoodchips—woodchipsmadeusingamobilewoodchipper.

Ihiredacrewwhochippedabout50percentofthebrushleftoverfromlogging.Fromthesepiles,wecarriedbucketsofwoodchipstothetreesspreadover60acres,specificallyagallonpertree(approximately4pounds)aroundhalfofthespore-treatedandnon-treatedtrees.Treesreplantedwithoutmycorrhizaeusingstandardplantingprocedures

-Withouttopdressingofwoodchips

-WithtopdressingofwoodchipsTreesreplantedwithrootsdippedintomycorrhizae

-Withouttopdressingofwoodchips

-Withtopdressingofwoodchips

Wetagged1000treesineachtestplot,assigneddatabasenumbers,andplantoprofilethesebymeasuringgrowth,needledevelopment,andoverallhealthforthenext100yearsormore.

BySeptemberof2004,wehadtaggedandmeasuredtheheightandgirthofapproximately700trees,withandwithoutthemycorrhizaltreatments.Afterputtingthedataintoaspreadsheet,wesawanet8and7percentincreaseinoverallheightandgirthrespectively,significantgiventhatthetreeshadbeeninthegroundforonly10months.

Infutureeditionsofthisbook,IwillreporttheprogressoftheCortesIslandfieldtests.

Withoutfungi,therearenoforests.Mycoforestryistheuseoffungitosustainforestcommunities.

Mycoforestrycanbeusedtohelpaccomplishthefollowinggoals:p