山東省濱州市2022-2023學年高二上學期期中考試英語試題

20222023學年上學期期中質(zhì)量監(jiān)測高二英語注意事項：1.本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務必將姓名、班級等個人信息填寫在答題卡指定位置。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdoesthewomanusuallydoonFridayevenings?A.WatchTV.B.Playchess.C.Visitherparents.2.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Toaskfordirections.B.Toknowthecurrenttime.C.Tomakefriendswithhim.3.WhatwillthemandoonSundaynight?A.GoshoppingwithDebbie.B.ChooseapresentforDebbie.C.AttendDebbie’sbirthdayparty.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.1:00p.m.B.6:00p.m.C.7:00p.m.5.WhydoesthemanopposeJoan’sjoiningtheirgroup?A.Sheislackinginconfidence.B.Shealwaysdoesworkslowly.C.Shealwaysrefusesothers’advice.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomanaskthemantodoatfirst?A.Prepareforhisexams.B.Watchamoviewithher.C.Finishhismathhomework.7.WhichexamdidthemantakeonTuesday?A.Physics.B.Biology.C.Chemistry.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydidthewomanuseherphonetotakenotestoday?A.It’smuchquickertotype.B.Sheforgottotakeherlaptop.C.Somethingiswrongwithherpen.9.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodoaspunishment?A.Togototheoffice.B.Todoextrahomework.C.Tohandherphoneoverfortheday.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whathasthewomanbeendoingsince8:00a.m.?A.Working.B.Preparinglunch.C.Enjoyingacoffee.11.Whatdoesthemanalwaysgetfromthefoodtruck?A.Aburger.B.Coffee.C.Asandwich.12.Whydothespeakersneedtohurryup?A.Thetruckisfaraway.B.Theyarelateforwork.C.Theremightbenofoodleft.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemanprefertodotofightoffacold?A.Getagoodlongsleep.B.Havesomehotwater.C.Seeadoctor.14.Whatwillthewomandoontomorrowmorning?A.Attendameeting.B.Havearest.C.Buysomejuice.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemoncold?A.Thereisnocureforit.B.Unfitpeoplecatchiteasily.C.Ittakeslongtorecoverfromit.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinksheneedsintheend?A.Healthyfood.B.Goodmedicine.C.Weeklyexercise.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whydoesthemanmakethespeech?A.Toweletheguests.B.Toexplaintheschedule.C.Todescribethedestinations.18.Wheredoesthespeechprobablytakeplace?A.Onaship.B.Atatraveloffice.C.Atanairport.19.WhichdirectionisthejourneyfromPalermotoBarcelona?A.Southeast.B.Northeast.CNorthwest.20.Whatwillthespeakerprobablydonext?A.TakearestB.Prepareforthejourney.C.Waitforabus.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ACanyouregainthethrillofreadingthatyouexperiencedasachild?Timetodustoffsomeofthebestchildhoodclassicseverwritten.HeidibyJohannaSpyriThisisthestoryoffiveyearoldHeidi,anorphan(孤兒)whoissenttolivewithherroughgrandfatherintheSwissAlpsandcharmseveryoneshemeetswithhersunnypersonalityfromthescarygrandfathertoPetertheshepherd,hisblindgrandmotherand,infact,thegoats.WhatKatyDidbySusanCoolidgeIttellsthestoryofrebellious(叛逆的)KatyCarrandherviolentbrothersandsistersrunningrelativelywild,despitethebesteffortsoftheirfatherandlongsufferingaunt.Therearealotoflifelessonsprovidedinthesepagesbutit’sneverhighhanded,alwaysgentleandquietlyinspiring.TheStoryofHollyandIvybyRumerGoddenThisstoryisaboutmagic,Christmasandthepowerofmakingwishes.TheseriesofeventsthatbringHollyandIvytogetherwouldn’tstandupinreallifeforananosecond,butthestoryissomovinglytoldthateverytimeyoureadit,yourfaithisrestoredinthewonderofChristmasatimewhendreamsetrueandwonderscanhappen.TheFlightoftheDovesbyWalterMackenItpresentsthefast,crazyandhairraisingjourneyoforphanedbrothersandsistersFinnandDervalDove,ontherunacrossEnglandtoescapethecontroloftheirevilstepfatherandreachtheirbelovedIrishgrannyinthewestofIreland.1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhatKatyDid?A.Wild.B.Violent.C.Abstract.D.Encouraging.2.WhatkindofbookisTheStoryofHollyandIvy?A.Afolktale.B.AfantasystoryC.Alegendstory.D.Asciencefiction3.WhatdoHeidiandTheFlightoftheDoveshaveinmon?A.Theytellaboutabadfather.B.TheirstorieshappeninBritain.C.Theyareaboutafrighteningtrip.D.Theirmaincharactersloseparents.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一些最好的童年經(jīng)典著作?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatKatyDidbySusanCoolidge中的“Therearealotoflifelessonsprovidedinthesepagesbutit’sneverhighhanded,alwaysgentleandquietlyinspiring.(在這些頁面上提供了許多人生課程，但它從來都不是專橫的，總是溫柔和安靜的鼓舞人心)”可知HeidiWhatKatyDid這本書是鼓舞人心的，故選D。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheStoryofHollyandIvybyRumerGodden中的“Thisstoryisaboutmagic,Christmasandthepowerofmakingwishes.(這個故事是關于魔法、圣誕節(jié)和許愿的力量的)”可知TheStoryofHollyandIvy是一本奇幻故事，故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HeidibyJohannaSpyri中的“ThisisthestoryoffiveyearoldHeidi,anorphan(孤兒)(這是一個5歲的孤兒海蒂的故事)”和TheFlightoftheDovesbyWalterMacken中的“Itpresentsthefast,crazyandhairraisingjourneyoforphanedbrothersandsistersFinnandDervalDove(這部電影講述了孤兒兄弟芬恩和德瓦爾·達夫的快速、瘋狂和令人毛骨悚然的旅程)”可知這兩部書的主人公都是孤兒，故選D。BFrederickBantinghatedschool.HavinggrownuponafarmnearAlliston,Ontario,Fredwasagoodworkerbutfeltunfortableandunacceptedinatownschool.Aftergraduation,hebeganstudiestobeeaminister.Whenthatdidnotgowell,hechangedhisgoaltomedicine.WorldWarIarrived,andthegreatneedforfieldmedics(救護人員)resultedintheearlygraduationofFred.Afterthewar,theyoungCanadiandoctorreturnedhometosetuphispractice.Justthenhebegantofocusonarticlesondiabetes(糖尿病),adiseasethathadclaimedthelifeofaneighbour’schild.Tosolvetheproblemofthisdisease,FredapproachedDr.J.J.R.MacleodattheUniversityofTorontoandeventuallyconvincedDr.Macleodtosupporthim.In1920,FredhappilyenteredapoorlyequippedlaboratoryandwasgivenayoungassistantnamedCharlesBest.FredandCharlesworkeddayandnight,butearlyresultsinproducingthehormone(激素)preparationtheycalledinsulin(胰島素)werediscouraging.Manyoftheanimalstheytreateddied.Finallyoneanimalsurvivedforseveralweeks.Theteamappearedtobefinallygettingsomewhere,anditwastimetomoveontohumansubjects.Beforetreatinghumanpatients,however,FredandCharlestestedthesafetyoftheirinsulineachother.Theirtestswereatriumph.ThefirstpatienttobetreatedwasafourteenyearoldboynamedLeonard.Theyearwas1921.Thepoorboyweighedonlyseventyfivepounds,andhewasbarelyalive.ButthenewinsulintreatmentadministeredbyFredandCharleswasagreatsuccess.Leonardgainedweight,andhishealthdramaticallyimproved.In1923,theNobelPrizeinmedicinewasawardedjointlytoCanadiandoctorsFrederickBantingandJ.J.R.Macleod.Fredcouldhavemadehimselfamillionairewithhisdiscovery.Instead,hesoldhispatentfortheproductionofinsulintotheUniversityofTorontoforonedollarsothatthedrugcouldbemarketedcheaplyandthousandsoflivescouldbesavedandimproved.ThankstoFred,diabeticsareabletolivenormalliveswherebeforeitwasimpossible.4.WhatdoesparagraphIfocuson?A.WhyFredgraduatedearly.B.HowFredtookuptheresearch.C.WhyFredchangedhislifegoal.D.WhatFredexperiencedinthewar.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“triumph”meaninparagraph2?A.Victory.B.Reference.C.Challenge.D.Demonstration.6.WhydidFredsellhispatent?A.Tomakemoney.B.Toearnreputation.C.Tobenefitpatients.D.Topromoteinsulin.7.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleforthetext?A.ASuccessfulTestB.AFamousDoctorC.AnUnlikelyHeroD.AGreatDiscovery【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了無名英雄Fred在一戰(zhàn)后投身于糖尿病研究，在Macleod博士的支持下研制出胰島素，并在1923年獲得諾貝爾獎。本可以成為百萬富翁，但最終Fred以一美元的價格賣掉了該專利，希望能讓更多的病人得到救治?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段“Aftergraduation,hebeganstudiestobeeaminister.Whenthatdidnotgowell,hechangedhisgoaltomedicine.WorldWarIarrived,andthegreatneedforfieldmedics(救護人員)resultedintheearlygraduationofFred.Afterthewar,theyoungCanadiandoctorreturnedhometosetuphispractice.Justthenhebegantofocusonarticlesondiabetes(糖尿病),adiseasethathadclaimedthelifeofaneighbour’schild.(畢業(yè)后，他開始學習成為一名牧師。當事情進展不順利時，他把目標轉(zhuǎn)向了醫(yī)學。第一次世界大戰(zhàn)到來，對戰(zhàn)地醫(yī)生的巨大需求導致Fred提前畢業(yè)。戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后，這位年輕的加拿大醫(yī)生回到家中開始行醫(yī)。就在那時，他開始專注于糖尿病方面的文章，一種奪去鄰居孩子生命的疾病)”以時間順序講述了Fred畢業(yè)后的一系列發(fā)展：從學習成為牧師到戰(zhàn)地醫(yī)生再到最后開始研究糖尿病。所以第一段重點是Fred是如何開始從事這項（糖尿?。┭芯康?。故答案為B?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。第二段“Theirtestswereatriumph.”中的Theirtests指代Fred和Charles在他們自己身上做的胰島素實驗。根據(jù)前一句“Beforetreatinghumanpatients,however,FredandCharlestestedthesafetyoftheirinsulineachother.(然而，在治療人類患者之前，F(xiàn)red和Charles相互測試了胰島素的安全性)”可知，在真正治療人類病人之前，他們首先要在自己身上做實驗查看效果。再根據(jù)第三段“ButthenewinsulintreatmentadministeredbyFredandCharleswasagreatsuccess.Leonardgainedweight,andhishealthdramaticallyimproved.(但Fred和Charles實施的新胰島素治療取得了巨大成功。Leonard體重增加，他的健康狀況顯著改善)”可知他們治療的第一個病人取得成功，由此推測出，F(xiàn)red和Charles在自己身上的實驗成功之后，他們才會真正去治療人類病人且取得成功。故劃線部分triumph是“成功”的含義。故答案為A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Instead,hesoldhispatentfortheproductionofinsulintotheUniversityofTorontoforonedollarsothatthedrugcouldbemarketedcheaplyandthousandsoflivescouldbesavedandimproved.(相反，他以一美元的價格將自己的胰島素生產(chǎn)專利賣給了多倫多大學，這樣這種藥物就能廉價上市，挽救和改善成千上萬的生命)”可知Fred賣出專利的原因是想讓更多的病人得到救治，所以C選項“讓病人受益”符合題意。故答案為C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要講述了無名英雄Fred在戰(zhàn)后投身于糖尿病研究，在Macleod博士的支持下研制出胰島素，并在1923年獲得諾貝爾獎。本可以成為百萬富翁，但最終Fred以一美元的價格賣掉了該專利希望能讓更多的病人得到救治，所以C選項“一位難以置信的英雄”可以作為文章標題。故答案為C。CThedebateoverwhichisthetrueoceantoppredator(捕食者)hasfinallybeenputtobed，afterscientistsreleasedthefirstevervideostudyofkillerwhaleshuntingandkillinggreatwhitesharksoffthecoastofSouthAfrica.ThisweekscientistsfromRhodesandStellenboschuniversitiesinSouthAfricareleasedextendeddrone(無人機)andhelicoptervideosshotduringthesummerthatprovidesunanswerableproofthatkillerwhalesusetheirfamouspackhuntingskillstocatchandfeedonthelargestsharkspecies.Thevideosshowsthreekillerwhalesencirclingandeventuallykillingagreatwhiteshark.Studyauthorssayatleastthreesharkswerekilledbythesmallgroupduringanhourlonghunt.Killerwhaleshavebeenrecordedcatchingandfeedingonothersharkspeciesandin2019videosappearedofagroupkillingahealthyadultbluewhaleestimatedtomeasurebetween18and22metersinlength.“Theirgrouphuntingmethodsmakethemunbelievablyeffectivepredators,”saidmarinemammalspecialistSimonElwen,whocoauthoredthestudy.Weighingupto9tonsandarmedwithlargeconical(圓錐形)teeth，thekillerwhales’impressiveorganstructureaidsinbattlesagainstdangerousandoversizedenemies.ButitisintelligenceandcooperativebehaviorthatgivesthespeciesitsrealedgeoverthepetitionThesocalledkaratechop(空手道)isafavoredtechniqueinsharkhunting,bywhichthewhalewillgivepowerfultailstrikestotheheadofthefish.Killerwhalesthenturnoverthesharkontoitsback，makingtheprey(獵物)inactiveanddefenseless.Killerwhalesindifferentregionsshowpreferencefordifferentpreyanimals,suggestingthatsomehuntingtechniquesarelearnedbehaviorspasseddownthroughthegenerations.Somemunitiespreferfeedingonschoolsofsalmonandherringwhileothersmightmainlytargetseals.8.Whichofthefollowingwaspreviouslythoughttobetherealoceantoppredators?A.Theseal.B.Theblueshark.C.Thekillerwhale.D.Thewhiteshark.9.Whydoestheauthormentionthevideosin2019?A.Tomakeparisons.B.Toprovidefurtherproof.C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Toexplaintheargument.10.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellus?A.Thewisdomofkillerwhales.B.Theadvantageskillerwhaleshave.C.Thebodystructureofkillerwhales.D.Thehuntingtechniqueskillerwhaleshave.11.Whatcanwelearnaboutkillerwhalesfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyliveingroups.B.Theyhavethesametaste.C.Theypassonhabitatstotheiryoung.D.Theyarebornwithgreathuntingskills.【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。主要報道了科學家們發(fā)布了首個虎鯨在南非海岸獵殺大白鯊的視頻研究后，關于哪一種是真正的海洋頂部捕食者的爭論終于平息了，即虎鯨才是真正的頂級捕食者?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thedebateoverwhichisthetrueoceantoppredatorhasfinallybeenputtobed，afterscientistsreleasedthefirstevervideostudyofkillerwhaleshuntingandkillinggreatwhitesharksoffthecoastofSouthAfrica.”(科學家們發(fā)布了首個虎鯨在南非海岸獵殺大白鯊的視頻研究后，關于哪一種是真正的海洋頂部捕食者的爭論終于平息了。)故可推知，大白鯊以前被認為是真正的海洋頂級捕食者。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThisweekscientistsfromRhodesandStellenboschuniversitiesinSouthAfricareleasedextendeddroneandhelicoptervideosshotduringthesummerthatprovidesunanswerableproofthatkillerwhalesusetheirfamouspackhuntingskillstocatchandfeedonthelargestsharkspecies.”(本周，來自南非羅德大學和斯泰倫博斯大學的科學家發(fā)布了夏季拍攝的無人機和直升機視頻，提供了無可辯駁的證據(jù)，證明虎鯨利用它們著名的群體狩獵技能捕捉并捕食最大的鯊魚物種。)提到有證據(jù)證明，虎鯨是是真正的海洋頂端捕食者。再結(jié)合第三段“Killerwhaleshavebeenrecordedcatchingandfeedingonothersharkspeciesandin2019videosappearedofagroupkillingahealthyadultbluewhaleestimatedtomeasurebetween18and22metersinlength.”(虎鯨曾被記錄到捕食其他鯊魚物種，2019年出現(xiàn)了一群虎鯨殺死一頭健康成年藍鯨的視頻，據(jù)估計，成年藍鯨的體長在18至22米之間。)介紹2019年的視頻，故可推知，作者提到2019年的視頻是為了提供進一步的證據(jù)，證明虎鯨是真正的頂級捕食者。故選B項。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Theirgrouphuntingmethodsmakethemunbelievablyeffectivepredators,”saidmarinemammalspecialistSimonElwen,whocoauthoredthestudy.Weighingupto9tonsandarmedwithlargeconicalteeth，thekillerwhales＇impressiveorganstructureaidsinbattlesagainstdangerousandoversizedenemies.Butitisintelligenceandcooperativebehaviorthatgivesthespeciesitsrealedgeoverthepetition.Thesocalledkaratechopisafavoredtechniqueinsharkhunting,bywhichthewhalewillgivepowerfultailstrikestotheheadofthefish.Killerwhalesthenturnoverthesharkontoitsback，makingthepreyinactiveanddefenseless.”(海洋哺乳動物專家西蒙·艾爾文是這項研究的合著者，他說：“它們的群體捕獵方式使它們成為令人難以置信的有效捕食者。”虎鯨重達9噸，擁有巨大的圓錐形牙齒，令人印象深刻的器官結(jié)構(gòu)有助于對抗危險和超大的敵人。但它的智慧和合作行為賦予了該物種在競爭中真正的優(yōu)勢。所謂的空手道斬是鯊魚捕獵中最受歡迎的技術(shù)，通過這種技術(shù)，鯨魚會用尾巴有力地擊打魚的頭部。然后虎鯨把鯊魚翻到它的背上，使獵物失去活動能力和防御能力。)可知，第四段主要告訴我們虎鯨的優(yōu)勢。故選B項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Killerwhalesindifferentregionsshowpreferencefordifferentpreyanimals,suggestingthatsomehuntingtechniquesarelearnedbehaviorspasseddownthroughthegenerations.Somemunitiespreferfeedingonschoolsofsalmonandherringwhileothersmightmainlytargetseals.”（不同區(qū)域的虎鯨對不同的獵物表現(xiàn)出偏好，這表明一些捕獵技巧是代代相傳的習得行為。一些群落更喜歡捕食成群的鮭魚和鯡魚，而另一些則主要以海豹為目標。）故可推知，從最后一段我們能了解到虎鯨是群居生活的。故選A項。DThepopularityofsmartphonesmeansmostofusrelyonsmartphonesratherthanourmemorytokeeptrackofimportantinformation,suchasappointmentsoratodolist.YetdespitefearsusersmaytoeSufferfrom“digitaldementia(癡呆)”，findingtheirabilitytokeepinformationworsenstheyincreasinglyrelyondevicesasaformof“externalmemory”,astudyhasfoundtheoppositecouldbetrue.Storingcrucialpiecesofinformationonanelectronicdevicedoesnotrotyourmemoryskillsandcanactuallyboostyourabilitytorememberthingsyouwouldotherwiseforget.Researcherstook158volunteersagedbetween18and71andshowedthemupto12numberedcirclesonascreen.Someofthecircleswouldbrieflyappearpinkorbluebeforeallfadingtoayellowcolour,indicatingthattheyhadtobedraggedtoeitherthepinksideofthebluesideofthescreenatalaterpoint.Someofthecircleswereclassedas“highvalue”,someas“l(fā)owvalue”andsomeas“zerovalue”.Usershadtorememberwhichsideofthescreentodragthecirclestoinordertoearnpoints.Insomeoftheexperimentstheyhadtorelyontheirownmemories.Inothers,theycouldsetanelectronicreminderonadevice.Researchersfoundsubjectstendedtousedigitaldevicestostoreinformationaboutwhichwerethehighestvaluecircles.Thisledtoan18percentincreaseinaccuracywhenplacingthesecircles.Theyalsofound,totheirsurprise,usingelectronicremindersforhighvaluecirclesledtoa27percentincreaseinaccuracywhendifferentiating(區(qū)分)frommemorybetweenthelowandzerovaluecircles,evenwhennoelectronicremindershadbeensetforthese.DrSamGilbert,fromUCL’sInstituteofCognitiveNeuroscience,said:“Theresultsshowthatextremalmemorytoolswork.Farfromcausing‘digitaldementia’,usinganextremalmemorydevicecanevenimproveourmemoryforinformationthatweneversavedelectronically.”12.Whatistheresultofthestudy?A.Cellphonesslowusdown.B.Cellphonesruinourhealth.C.Cellphonesleadtoaddiction.D.Cellphonesimprovememory.13.Howcouldthevolunteersearnpoints?A.Byputtingthecirclesinplace.B.Bytellingthevalueofthecircles.C.Byidentifyingthecolourofthecircles.D.Byrememberingthenumberofthecircles.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”refertoinparagraph3?A.Subjects.B.Thehighvaluecircles.C.Digitaldevices.D.Thelowandzerovaluecircles.15.WhatisDrSam’sattitudetostoringinformationonanelectronicdevice?A.Critical.B.Unclear.C.Favorable.D.Objective.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了將重要信息儲存在電子設備上并不會腐蝕人的記憶能力，反而能提高記住可能會忘記的東西的能力?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“astudyhasfoundtheoppositecouldbetrue.Storingcrucialpiecesofinformationonanelectronicdevicedoesnotrotyourmemoryskillsandcanactuallyboostyourabilitytorememberthingsyouwouldotherwiseforget(一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，事實可能恰恰相反。將重要信息儲存在電子設備上并不會腐蝕你的記憶能力，反而能提高你記住可能會忘記的東西的能力)”可知，這項研究的結(jié)果證明提高了記憶力。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Usershadtorememberwhichsideofthescreentodragthecirclestoinordertoearnpoints(用戶必須記住將圓圈拖到屏幕的哪一邊才能獲得積分)”可知，志愿者通過把圓圈放到位來獲得分數(shù)。故選A?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Theyalsofound,totheirsurprise,usingelectronicremindersforhighvaluecirclesledtoa27percentincreaseinaccuracywhendifferentiating(區(qū)分)frommemorybetweenthelowandzerovaluecircles(他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，讓他們驚訝的是，在區(qū)分低值圓和零值圓時，使用電子提醒對高值圓的準確率提高了27%)”以及“evenwhennoelectronicremindershadbeenset(即使沒有設置電子提醒)”可知，在區(qū)分低值圓和零值圓時，即使沒有設置電子提醒，使用電子提醒對高值圓的準確率也提高了27%。劃線處和D項：Thelowandzerovaluecircles(低值和零值圓)含義相近。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Farfromcausing‘digitaldementia’,usinganextremalmemorydevicecanevenimproveourmemoryforinformationthatweneversavedelectronically(使用極端的記憶設備不僅不會導致“數(shù)字癡呆”，甚至還能提高我們對從未通過電子方式保存的信息的記憶)”可知，DrSam’s對在電子設備上存儲信息的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Askingforhelpcanfeelscary.Wemayworrythattherequestwillberejectedorthatitwillbeaburdentothehelper.____16____Andafterward,theyoftenfeelbetterabouthavinghelpedthanweexpect.Scientistsconductedaseriesofsixexperiments.Altogether,morethan2,100peoplewereinvolvedintheresearch.Inoneexperiment,participantshadtoaskstrangerstotaketheirphotoatapublicbotanicalgarden.Inanother,participantsansweredquestionsabouttimeswhentheyhadeitheraskedfororgivenhelp.Researchershadthe“askers”guesshowthe“helpers”mightfeelabouttherequest.____17____Ineachexperiment,peoplewhoaskedforhelpunderestimatedthehelpers’willingnesstoassistandhowgoodtheywouldfeelafterward.____18____However,onlyfouroutof100peoplerefusedtotakethephoto,andthosewhodidtakeonesaidtheyfeltrelativelygoodaboutdoingthishelpfulactforastranger.____19____Aidingotherscancreatewhatisknownasa“helper’shigh”,reducingstressandprovidingasenseofmeaningandconnection.“Wefeelgoodmakingapositivedifferenceinotherpeople’slives,”saidXuanZhao,coauthorofthenewstudy.Despitethesebenefits,thestudyauthorssaidthataskers’fearsfunctionedlike“barriers”,stoppingthemfrommakingarequest.Theynotedthatthetypeofrequestandculturaldifferencescouldaffectthewaypeoplereact.Thestudy’sresultssuggest,however,thatpeopleareusuallyhappytolendahand.____20____Zhaosaidthisresearchshouldprovidesomereassurancebecause“youmightbereallyunderestimatinghowwillingothersaretohelp.”A.Theaskersexpressedratherdifferentopinions.B.Thentheyaskedthehelpershowtheyactuallyfelt.C.Studiesshowthathelpingsomeoneoutmakesbothfeelgood.D.Pastresearchhasshownthatdoingkindactscanboostpeople’shealth.E.Butnewresearchshowsthatpeoplearemorewillingtohelpoutthanwethink.F.Expertssaythatifaskingforhelpfeelsunfortable,itcanbeusefultopractice.G.Forexample,askersexpectedstrangerstofeelinconveniencedbyarequesttotakeaphoto.【答案】16.E17.B18.G19.D20.F【解析】【導語】本文為說明文。文章講述了科學家們進行了一系列實驗，參與者必須要求陌生人在公共植物園拍照。要么請求幫助，要么給予幫助。而研究的結(jié)果表明，人們通常樂于伸出援手?！?6題詳解】由前文“Wemayworrythattherequestwillberejectedorthatitwillbeaburdentothehelper.(我們可能會擔心請求會被拒絕，或者會給幫助者帶來負擔。)”和后文“Andafterward,theyoftenfeelbetterabouthavinghelpedthanweexpect.(之后，他們往往對幫助的感覺比我們預期的要好。)”可知，橫線處的句子要承上啟下，由擔心會被拒絕到比預期效果要好可以推測橫線處的句子表示轉(zhuǎn)折，E選項的but符合語境。故選E項?！?7題詳解】由前文“Inanother,participantsansweredquestionsabouttimeswhentheyhadeitheraskedfororgivenhelp.Researchershadthe“askers”guesshowthe“helpers”mightfeelabouttherequest.(在另一項研究中，參與者回答了有關他們何時請求或給予幫助的問題。研究人員讓“提問者”猜測“幫助者”對請求的感受。)”可知，橫線處的句子要與之承接，B選項的helpers與上文的helpers對應，符合語境。故選B項?！?8題詳解】由前文“Ineachexperiment,peoplewhoaskedforhelpunderestimatedthehelpers’willingnesstoassistandhowgoodtheywouldfeelafterward.(在每個實驗中，尋求幫助的人都低估了幫助者的意愿以及他們之后的感覺有多好。)”和后文“However,onlyfouroutof100peoplerefusedtotakethephoto,andthosewhodidtakeonesaidtheyfeltrelativelygoodaboutdoingthishelpfulactforastranger.(然而，100人中只有4人拒絕拍照，而那些拍照的人說，他們覺得為陌生人做這個有用的行為相對較好。)”可知，橫線處的句子承上啟下，G選項的arequesttotakeaphoto與后文的refusedtotakethephoto相對應，符合語境。故選G項。【19題詳解】由后文“Aidingotherscancreatewhatisknownasa“helper’shigh,“reducingstressandprovidingasenseofmeaningandconnection.(幫助他人可以創(chuàng)造所謂的“幫助者的快感”，減輕壓力并提供意義感和聯(lián)系感。)”可知，橫線處的句子要能夠引出下文，D選項的boostpeople’shealth和后文的reducingstressandprovidingasenseofmeaningandconnection相對應，符合語境。故選D項?！?0題詳解】由最后一段首句“Despitethesebenefits,thestudyauthorssaidthataskers’fearsfunctionedlike“barriers,”stoppingthemfrommakingarequest.(盡管有這些好處，研究作者說，提問者的恐懼就像“障礙”一樣，阻止他們提出要求。)”和前文“Thestudy’sresultssuggest,however,thatpeopleareusuallyhappytolendahand.(然而，該研究的結(jié)果表明，人們通常樂于伸出援手。)”和后文“Zhaosaidthisresearchshouldprovidesomereassurancebecause“youmightbereallyunderestimatinghowwillingothersaretohelp.”(趙說，這項研究應該提供一些保證，因為“你可能真的低估了別人提供幫助的意愿?！?”可知，橫線出的句子起著承上啟下的作用，要與提問者的恐懼以及幫助者樂于提供幫助相關，F(xiàn)選項符合語境。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Adaughterplainedtoherfatherthatherlifewasmiserable.Shedidn’tknowhowshewasgoingto____21____it.Itseemedjustasoneproblemwassolved,anotheronesoon____22____.Shewasalwaysworriedand____23____offightingandstrugglingallthetime.Herfather,achef,tookhertothe____24____.Hefilledthreepotswithwaterand____25____eachonahighfire.Oncethewaterbegantoboil,heputpotatoes,eggsandgroundcoffeebeansintothepots____26____.Aftertwentyminuteshe____27____theburners.Heputthepotatoesandeggsinabowlanddishedthecoffeeoutintoacup.“Lookcloser”,heexplainedthepotatoes,theeggsandcoffeebeanshadeachfacedthesame____28____theboilingwater.However,eachone____29____differently.Thepotatobecame____30____andsoftinboilingwater.____31____beingfragile(易碎的),theeggbecamehardinside.However,thegroundcoffeebeanswere____32____.Aftertheywereexposedtotheboilingwater,theychangedthewaterand____33____somethingnew,whoserichsweetsmellmakespeople____34____Thefatherasked“Whentroubleknocksonyourdoor,areyouapotato,anegg,oracoffeebean?”Thesewordsmadethedaughterlostinthoughtandseemedtocast____35____onherattitudetolife.21.A.manage B.switch C.grasp D.defend22.A.poured B.followed C.integrated D.joined23.A.afraid B.fond C.aware D.tired24.A.restaurant B.market C.kitchen D.restroom25.A.struck B.placed C.pushed D.lifted26.A.impatiently B.separately C.totally D.accidentally27.A.turnedoff B.brokedown C.tookaway D.straightenedup28.A.aim B.setting C.choice D.trouble29.A.expanded B.reacted C.responded D.struggled30.A.big B.rotten C.weak D.fresh31.A.Apartfrom B.Asfor C.Insteadof D.Dueto32.A.secure B.strange C.similar D.unique33.A.linked B.tackled C.created D.added34.A.surprised B.excited C.amused D.addicted35.A.light B.doubt C.shadow D.attention【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.B27.A28.D29.B30.C31.C32.D33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹一個女孩告訴爸爸她不知道生活如何成功，厭倦于努力，奮斗，想放棄，爸爸將她帶到廚房，用胡蘿卜，雞蛋和咖啡分別在鍋里面煮，讓孩子看這三種東西的反應，從而啟發(fā)孩子在逆境的時候應該怎么做?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她不知道該怎么處理。A.manage管理；B.switch轉(zhuǎn)變；C.grasp掌握；D.defend保衛(wèi)。根據(jù)上句“Adaughterplainedtoherfatherthatherlifewasmiserable(一個女兒向她的父親抱怨她的生活很悲慘)”可知，她的生活很悲慘，她不知道該怎么處理。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：似乎一個問題剛解決，另一個問題很快就會隨之而來。A.poured傾倒，倒出；B.followed跟著；C.integrated合并；D.joined參加。根據(jù)上文“Adaughterplainedtoherfatherthatherlifewasmiserable(一個女兒向她的父親抱怨她的生活很悲慘)”可知，一個問題解決，另一個問題隨之出現(xiàn)。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她總是擔心，厭倦了一直在奮斗和掙扎。A.afraid害怕的；B.fond喜愛的；C.aware知道的，明白的；D.tired感到疲勞；厭倦。根據(jù)本句中“fightingandstrugglingallthetime.(一直在奮斗和掙扎)”可知，她厭倦了一直在奮斗和掙扎，betiredof…厭倦……。故選D。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的父親是一名廚師，他把她帶到廚房。A.restaurant餐廳；B.market市場；C.kitchen廚房；D.restroom洗手間。根據(jù)本句“Herfather,achef(她的父親是一名廚師)”可知，爸爸帶她到了廚房。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他把三個罐子裝滿水，放在大火上燒。A.struck打，撞；B.placed放置；C.pushed推；D.lifted舉起。根據(jù)本句“onahighfire(放在大火上)”可知，爸爸把三個罐子放在大火上燒。故選B。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當水開始沸騰時，他將土豆、雞蛋和磨碎的咖啡豆分別放入鍋中。A.impatiently不耐煩地；B.separately單獨地，分別地；C.totally總共地；D.accidentally意外地，偶然地。根據(jù)后文“Heputthepotatoesandeggsinabowlanddishedthecoffeeoutintoacup(他把土豆和雞蛋放在碗里，把咖啡倒進杯子里)”可知，他將土豆、雞蛋和磨碎的咖啡豆分別放入鍋中。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：二十分鐘后，他關掉了爐子。A.turnedoff關掉；B.brokedown打破；C.tookaway拿走，取走；D.straightenedup改正；清理。根據(jù)后文“Heputthepotatoesandeggsinabowlanddishedthecoffeeoutintoacup(他把土豆和雞蛋放在碗里，把咖啡倒進杯子里)”可知，爸爸關掉了爐子。故選A。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他解釋說，土豆、雞蛋和咖啡豆都面臨著同樣的麻煩——沸水。A.aim目標；B.setting放置；C.choice選擇；D.trouble困難。根據(jù)本句“theboilingwater(沸水)”可知，這是土豆、雞蛋和咖啡豆都面臨的困難。故選D。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，每個的反應都不同。A.expanded擴大；B.reacted反應；C.responded回復；D.struggled奮斗、努力。根據(jù)后文“Thepotatobecame____10____andsoftinboilingwater.