武功縣2023年考研《英語一》考前沖刺試題含解析

武功縣2023年考研《英語一》考前沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MywifeandImovedintoourhometwoyearsago.Wehadayardwithalotof1．Veryoftenwhenwehaveflowers,DeniseorIwouldplantsomebetweentherocks,justtoaddsome2tothearea．Lastsummer,Ifoundatinylittle3intheyardthatIcouldnotimmediatelyidentify.IknewIdidn’tplantitandDenisesaidshedidn’teither.Wedecidedtoletit4growinguntilwecouldfindoutwhatitwas.WeekspassedandasImademywaybacktothe5plant,itappearedtobeasunflower.Idecidedto6theweedsaroundit.AsIpulledrocksfromtheareatogettotheweeds,Inoticedsomething7Thesunflowerhadnot8whereIsawitbegin.Itactuallyhadbegununderabig9andgrownunderandaroundittoreachthe10．That’swhenI11thatifatinylittlesunflowerdidn’tletabigrockstandinits12ofdeveloping,wetoohavetheabilityofdoingthesamething.Ifwe13ourselveslikethatlittlesunflower,wecanreachwherewe14togoandgetwhatweneedforgrowth．Weneedtobelieveinourselvesknowingwehavethe15toachieveourgoals.Likethe16,itknewithadtheabilitytogetovertherocksbecauseithad17initselfthatitwouldsucceed.Standtalllikethesunflowerandbe18whoandwhatweare,thentheenvironmentwillbeginto19us.Wewillfindawaytogounderor20any“rocks”inordertoreachourgoals．1、A．flowers B．insects C．rocks D．vegetables2、A．color B．water C．fertilizer D．shape3、A．weed B．seed C．rock D．plant4、A．stop B．continue C．improve D．escape5、A．weak B．lonely C．strange D．pretty6、A．remove B．tend C．watch D．collect7、A．wonderful B．terrible C．valuable D．unusual8、A．passed B．started C．left D．died9、A．tree B．table C．rock D．wall10、A．a(chǎn)ir B．top C．sun D．house11、A．realized B．doubted C．regretted D．hoped12、A．place B．way C．course D．process13、A．fillin B．putin C．worryabout D．believein14、A．forget B．hate C．a(chǎn)im D．wait15、A．a(chǎn)bility B．wish C．plan D．idea16、A．yard B．sunflower C．home D．summer17、A．energy B．virtue C．courage D．faith18、A．a(chǎn)wareof B．a(chǎn)fraidof C．proudof D．tiredof19、A．support B．a(chǎn)ffect C．upset D．forgive20、A．into B．a(chǎn)round C．through D．fromSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Averagehumanscanconsume15ormoredrinksinplasticbottlesamonth.Ifyouwerebornafter1978,andliveuntil80yearsold,youwillleavebehindaminimumof14,400plasticbottlesonthisplanet.Thesebottlestakehundredsofyearstobreakdownintotinypiecesofplastic,nevertocompletelydisappear.Mostofthewasteisconsumedbyfishandbirds,whichhasshortenedtheirlifetimegreatly.ThePlasticBottleVillageisjustagreatideathatmightfinallysaveusfrombeingburiedinplastic.It’sacommunityinPanamathatisgoingtobemadeofusedbottles.Thedesignprocessbeginswithbuildingsteelframes,whicharethenfilledwiththesebottles.Oncethisstepiscomplete,andelectricalandplumbing(管道裝置)linesareputinside,theplasticwallsarecoveredbyconcrete—bothinsideandoutside.Sonoonewillactuallybeabletotellthatthewallsaremadeofplastic.Besides,thematerialwillkeepthehouse17°Ccoolerthantheoutside,whichisthebiggestbenefittopeoplelivinginside.Thevillageisthebrainchild(主意)ofRobertBezeauwiththeintentionofsettingupseveralenvironmentalprojects.Havingstartedarecyclingprogramfouryearsago,duringwhichanumberofplasticbottleswerecollected,hestartedtothinkofhowtheycouldbeputtouse.Soonenough,hedecidedtousethemtobuildhouses,andcameupwithabasicideafortheconstructionprocess.Theprojecthopestomakepeopleconsciousofthewastethatthesebottlescreatesothattheycandomoretoprotecttheenvironment.Thevillagewillalsocreateaneducationcenterthatwillteachindividualsfromtheworldhowtoreuseplasticbottlesasconstructionmaterialsforshelter.Recycledbottlescouldneutralizethenegativeeffectofyourpassageonthisplanet,andmoveclosertoleavingonlyyour“footprints”.1、WhatdoesParagraph1intendtotellus?A．Thereasonforbuyingfewerdrinks.B．Thedifficultsituationofwildlife.C．Theamountofplasticwaste.D．Theseriousnessofplasticpollution.2、WhatisthebiggestbenefittopeoplelivinginthePlasticBottleVillage?A．Thehousewillbemuchcoolerthannormalones.B．Thematerialofconstructionwillbereducedalot.C．Thenewly-madehousecansavealotofelectricity.D．Thewasteofthehousecanbeconsumedbyfishandbirds.3、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeRobert?A．Creative.B．Courageous.C．Enthusiastic.D．Sensitive.4、ThemainpurposeofRobert’sprojectsisto________.A．provideshelterforlocalsB．reusealldesertedplasticbottlesC．popularizetheuseofplasticbottlesD．raisepeople’senvironmentalawarenessText2PeopleYou'veNeverHeardofWhoChangedtheWorldItisafactthatmostpeoplelivetheirlivesunremarkedbyhistory.Whetherbydesignorbyaccident,therearesomepioneerswhoseachievementschangedthecourseofhistorybutwhosenamesareunknowntous.JamesHarrisonJamesHarrisonhassavedthelivesofovertwomillionpeoplebydonatinghisbloodl,173times,aGuinnessworldrecord.Hisbloodproducesarareantibody(抗體)whichcurestheotherwisedeadlyRhesusdiseaseinunbornchildren.Ithasalsobeenusedinthedevelopmentofamedicineanti-D,whichwillcuretheRhesusdiseaseinchildrenforever.LewisLatimerAfterhelpingAlexanderGrahamBellobtainhispatentforthetelephone,LewisLatimerpatentedacarbonfilament(碳燈絲),whichallowedlightbulbstoburnforhoursbeforeburningout,muchmoreusefulthanthatinventedbyThomasEdison.Latimerwentontoinventmanyotherusefuldevices,includingadevicewhichcooledandcleanedpatients'roomsinhospitals.MauriceHillemanNotallachievementsrequirebraveryandself-sacrifice.TakeMauriceHillemanforexample.Hefoundanotherwaytochangetheworld.Hedevelopedthemumpsvaccine(疫苗)afterhisdaughtergottheillness.Andhedidn'tstopthere.Intotal,hehassingle-handedlydevelopedover40vaccines,includingeightcommonlygiventochildren.Hisworkhassavedmillionsoflivesandpreventedseriousconsequencesduetothediseases.NilsBohlinIn1959NilsBohlinpatentedarevolutionarydesignthathassavedmillionsoflives-thethree-pointsafetybelt.Aftertheinitialresistancefromdriverswhohatedbeingtoldwhattodo,andevenfortheirowngood,thethree-pointbelthasbecomeastandardfeatureinnewcarsaroundtheworld.1、Whosepatentallowedlightbulbstoburnforhoursbeforeburningout?A．LewisLatimer. B．AlexanderGrahamBell.C．ThomasEdison. D．NilsBohlin.2、What'sthesimilaritybetweenJamesHarrisonandMauriceHilleman?A．TheybothsetaGuinnessworldrecord.B．Theybothhadspiritsofbraveryandself-sacrifice.C．Theircontributionssavedthelivesofmanychildren.D．Theydevotedthemselvestoworkbecauseoffamilvmembers.3、Whatwasdrivers'initialattitudetothethree-pointseatbelt?A．Theywerecontentwithit. B．Theyrefusedtouseit.C．Theyaccepteditcalmly. D．Theygotexcitedaboutit.Text3HereisarecordofthediscussionaboutAI(artificialintelligence)conductedbyseveralscientists:ScientistA:IwouldsaythatwearequitealongwayoffdevelopingtheAI,thoughIdothinkitwillhappenwithinthenextthirtyorfortyyears.Wewillprobablyremainincontroloftechnologyanditwillhelpussolvemanyoftheworld’sproblems.However,noonereallyknowswhatwillhappenifmachinesbecomemoreintelligentthanhumans.Theymayhelpus,ignoreusordestroyus.ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives,butwhetherthatistruewillbepartlyuptous.ScientistB:Ihavetoadmitthatthepotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorgobeyondhumanintelligencefrightenme.Evennow,scientistsareteachingcomputershowtolearnontheirown.Atsomepointinthenearfuture,theirintelligencemaywelltakeoffanddevelopatanever-increasingspeed.Humanbeingsevolvebiologicallyveryslowlyandwewouldbequicklysubstituted.Intheshortterm,thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs,creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.Thiscouldmeanlarge-scalepovertyandsocialunrest.Inthelongtermmachinesmightdecidetheworldwouldbebetterwithouthumans.ScientistC:I’mamemberoftheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.ForgetthemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminatorstampingonhumanskullsandthinkofwhat’shappeningrightnow:militarymachineslikedrones,gunturretsandsentryrobotsarealreadybeingusedtokillwithverylittlehumaninput.Thenextstepwillbeautonomous“murderbots”followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.Itseemscleartomethatthiswouldbeextremelydangerousforhumans.Weneedtobeverycautiousindeedaboutwhatweaskmachinestodo.1、WhatisScientistBworriedabout?A．AItechnologywilldestroytheearth.B．Robotswilltaketheplaceofhumans.C．Computerscan’tthinkbythemselves.D．Humanswillbeunhappywithoutmachines.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．IlaunchedthecampaigntoStopKillerRobots.B．WeforgetthemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminator.C．“Murderbots”willbeagainsthumans’orders.D．“Murderbots”can’tdecidebythemselves.3、WhichstatementisCORRECTaccordingtotherecord?A．TheemploymentwillbeaffectedbyAItechnologyinthefuture.B．ScientistAthinksAItechnologywillneverdevelop.C．“Murderbots”willfollowtheordersoftheirmanufacturersinthewars.D．AllthethreescientistsagreethatAItechnologywillbenefithumanbeings.4、Whoagree(s)AIhasmorenegativeaspectsthanpositiveaspects?A．ScientistA．B．ScientistsB&C．C．ScientistB．D．ScientistsB&A．Text4Agroupofartists,writersandintellectualshaslaunchedanew“university”inLondon,designedtohelpthosetootiedupwithworktoappreciatethefinerthingsinlife,likeart,booksandtravel.TheSchoolofLife,operatingoutofasmallshopintheartydistrictofBloomsbury,describesitselfasa“chemistforthemind”thatplanstooffer“culturalsolutionstoeverydayailments(疾病)”.Ithopestoinspirethosewhohavegotoutofthehabitofreadingdecentbooks,cannotkeepconversationflowingatdinnerparties,orneedtoexpandtheirholidayhorizons.ThephilosopherAlaindeBotton,authorofHowProustCanChangeYourLife,andSophieHowarth,aformercurator(館長)attheTateModemGallery,areamongthestaffmembers.Thefoundersbelievethatpeoplewithtoolittletimetospareneedinstructioninhowtoliveamorefulfilled(有成就感的)existence.Perhapsyouhaveaburningquestionforapaleontologist(古生物學(xué)家).“Perhapsyou’reconsideringacareerchangeandwanttotalkfirst-handtoaphotographerorlandscapedesigner.TheSchoolofLifehasalargeprofessionalstaffwhoarewillingtomeetwithyouforanhourofchatinexchangeforasmallfee,”thewebsiteexplains,listing50experts.Amongcoursesbeingofferedlaterthisyearareinstructioninlife,love,work,familyandpolitics.Atypicalcourse,inlove,willexplorewhyrelationshipsaresocomplicatedandwhyattractionebbsandflows.“Wedrawonideasfromphilosophy,psychoanalysis(心理分析),literatureandart.WediscoverwhatthelikesofPlato,Shakespeare,TolstoyandFreudhadtosayaboutcompassion,empathyandself-love,”theinstructorspromise.Coursesrunforsixweeksandcost195pounds.1、FromParagraph1weknowthepurposeof“theuniversity”isto.A．helppeopleliveafinerlifeB．tellpeoplehowtospendtheirsparetimeC．makemoneybysettingupauniversityontheinternetD．offereducationtothosewhohavelittlechancetogotouniversity2、TheSchoolofLifeofferscoursestothosewho.A．pursueaqualitylifeB．trytoimprovecommunicativeskillsC．getintothehabitofreadinggoodbooksD．seeksolutionstotheirphysicaldiseases3、ThecoursesoftheSchoolofLifeareofferedby.A．freechattingonlinewithartypeopleB．chattingwithinstructorsfacetofaceC．makingappointmentswithchemistsD．a(chǎn)ttendingpubliclecturesgivenbyfounders4、Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitle?A．Anewuniversity—solutionstoeverythingB．Anewuniversity—instructionstoyourcareerC．TheSchoolofLife—achemistformindD．TheSchoolofLife—aschoolforhealthPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Itwasabeautifulmorning．AsusualIpreparedmyselfforoffice，lockedmyroomandsteppedoutsidefrommyhotel．Isawtwopoorkidsunderatree1．（stare）atpeople．Icouldseethelightintheireyes，astheywere2．（silent）watchingpeople．Iwenttothemandaskedwhytheyweresittingthereandwheretheirhouse3．（be）．Theyrepliedthattheylivednearby，andthattheyweresittingthere4．somepassers﹣bywouldstop，5．（donate）somefoodormoneytothem．Achill（寒意）wentthroughmyveinsonsuchamorning．Whencoldbreezewasflowing，theywerein6．（wear）clothesandtrembling，buttheirhopeofgettingsomethingwasstillalive．Itoldthemtostaythereandwentinto7．cafeteriaofmyhotel，packedsomefoodandgaveittothem．Smileslit8．theirfacesandtheystartedeatinghurriedly．Ialsogavethemafewpacketsofbiscuitsandtoldthemtogohome．Theythankedmewithsmiles．Iwasfeelingmuch9．（happy）thatIcouldatleastgivethemsomefoodthatofcoursewouldn'tfilltheirstomachs，butcouldgivethemalittle10．（strong）．“What’sthematter,Mum?”AssoonasIenteredthedoor,Ifoundthatmymotherwasnot1．(please)Itwasunusual—sheusually2．(open)thedoorandwelcomesmewithasmile!“She’sdying,”Mumsaid3．(sad)IknewwhatshesaidThetulip(郁金香),mymother’sfavorite,isdyingAmonthago,wemovedintoournewhouseandMum4．(buy)averybeautifultulipinaflowershopMumlikeditverymuchWhenevershewasfree,shewouldsitinherarmchairbesidethetulipandenjoy5．(it)beautifulcolourandnicesmellSheregardedthetulipasababyandlookedafteritcarefullySheputthetulipbythewindowandmoveditfromoneplacetoanother6．(give)enoughsunshinetoitThefirstthingshedid7．shegotupeverymorningwastowaterthetulipMumalsofertilizeditmanytimesShehopedthat8．greatcare,thetulipwouldbecomemoreandmorebeautiful9．thetulipwasdyingbecauseoftoomuchsunshine,waterandfertilizerIt’struethatmotherlovedthetulipButthiskindoflovemustbe10．(harm)ToomuchlovecansometimeskillwhatyouloveSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)NewLivesforOldPhonesWhenanewmobilephonestartstobesoldinstores,manypeoplerushouttobuyone.Weallwantthenewest,latestthing.1、.MikeTownsendworksatTotalRecall,amobilephonerecyclingcompany.“Don’tthrowyouroldphoneaway.2、ifyouthrowitaway,itgoeswithotherrubbishtobecomelandfill.Inotherwords,itisputinabigholeinthegroundanditbecomesabigproblem,”hesays.Mobilephonescontainsomepoisonousmaterials.Ifyourphonegoestoalandfill,thesepoisonousmaterialscangetoutandgetintothewaterundertheground.That’sthewaterweneedtodrinkorwatergoesintoriversortheocean.3、That’salotoflandfillandalotofpoisonousmaterials.“AtTotalRecall,weseparatetheoldphonesintopieces.Mostofthematerialsinthemobilephonescanberecycledandusedagain.4、Forexample,phonebatteriescontainnickelandcadmium.Thenickelisusedtomakesteelandthecadmiumcanbeusedtomakenewbatteries.”explainsMike.“5、Youcanusuallyjusttakeitintoamobilephoneshopandtheywiltsendittous,”saysMike.Sobeforeyouthrowthatoldmobilephoneaway,useitthelasttime:searchforarecyclernearyouandgivethemacall.A．Recyclingyouroldphoneiseasy.B．Sendittousandwe’llrecycleit.C．Howmuchisyouroldmobilephoneworth?D．Butwhatshouldwedowithouroldmobilephones?E.Millionsofmobilephonesarethrownawayeveryyear.FRecyclingmaterialshelpskeeptheenvironmentgreenerandcleaner.G.Wetakeaparttheoldphonesandtheyareusedtomakenewproducts.TipsonAvoidingTravelingCrowdsIfyourchosendestinationisahottouristspot，youarelikelytobebotheredbymassesoftourists，noiseandlonglineupsatyourintendedsitevisits.Atthi