雅思大作文修訂版1

大作文方濤

大作文根本情況介紹字?jǐn)?shù)：250字時(shí)間：推薦時(shí)間40分鐘分值：占據(jù)總共寫作分?jǐn)?shù)的2/3形式：議論文我國(guó)考生雅思平均成績(jī)統(tǒng)計(jì)我國(guó)雅思平均成績(jī)排名中國(guó)大陸A類考生2021年的平均成績(jī)?yōu)?.46分，在40個(gè)考生人數(shù)最多的國(guó)家中排名倒數(shù)第六，僅比五個(gè)中東國(guó)家考生分?jǐn)?shù)高(卡塔爾，阿聯(lián)酋、阿曼、沙特阿拉伯、科威特)。大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)one:taskresponse

任務(wù)完成情況two:coherenceandcohesion

連貫與銜接three:lexicalresources

詞匯資源four:grammaticalrangeandaccuracy

語(yǔ)法多樣性和準(zhǔn)確性大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1taskresponse:1字?jǐn)?shù)是否夠2內(nèi)容是不是切題3立場(chǎng)是否鮮明4結(jié)構(gòu)是否清晰大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1Withtheincreasinguseofmobilephones,lesspeopletendtowriteletters.Somepeoplebelievethatwritingletterswilldisappearcompletely.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?應(yīng)該主要寫寫信，而不是，所以內(nèi)容一定要準(zhǔn)確，不能離題。大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1由于大作文會(huì)要求你發(fā)表自己的看法，所以一定要表達(dá)清楚自己的立場(chǎng)，盡可能不發(fā)表一些極端的宗教和政治方面的立場(chǎng)和觀點(diǎn)。要做到立場(chǎng)鮮明，所以需要總論點(diǎn)，每個(gè)段落還需要分論點(diǎn)，即topsentence。還要有mainideas(論點(diǎn))和supportingideas〔論據(jù)〕。大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1大作文結(jié)構(gòu)非常重要，要做到結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，我們一般采取4-5個(gè)自然段。大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2coherenceandcohesion一篇文章不是句子的堆砌，要做到邏輯上的通順還要句子銜接的自然通順，因此在文章中使用大量連接詞。文章的連貫性主要表達(dá)在段落與段落之間句子與句子之間。段落之間的“啟〞、“承〞、“轉(zhuǎn)〞、“合〞可通過(guò)表順序的過(guò)渡詞完成大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2表示開始：firstofall,inthefirstplace,attheverybeginning,tobeginwith,currently,atpresent,foronething等。表示承接：besides,furthermore,inaddition,moreover,what’smore,meanwhile,apartfrom,aswellas,similarly,inthesameway等。表示轉(zhuǎn)折：however,whereas,while,onthecontrary,incontrast,ontheotherhand等。表示結(jié)論：inconclusion,inbrief,inshort,tosumup,ultimately,overall等大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2表示原因：because(of),accordingly,dueto,owingto,forthisreason,since,asaresult,asaconsequence表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)：inmyopinion,personally,frommyviewpoint,itseemstome,itiscleartomethat,asfarasIamconcerned舉例說(shuō)明：forexample,forinstance,asfollows,suchas,thatistosay,namely,justas,inparticular表示讓步：although,inspiteof,despiteof,despitethefactthat,regardlessof

大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3lexicalresourceimportantsignificantessentialvitalcrucialcritical大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3good,kind,wise,nice,clever,great,brightambitious,tactful,eloquent,charismatic,committed大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)4gramaticalrangeandaccuracy語(yǔ)法使用要準(zhǔn)確，在準(zhǔn)確的前提下要注意語(yǔ)法或者句式的多樣性。有一個(gè)誤區(qū)，那就是并不是句子越復(fù)雜分?jǐn)?shù)越高，而是要做到長(zhǎng)短句相間，簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)雜句并存。大作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)4Oneoftheirreasonsistheoldbuildingshavealonghistory.Firstofall,foreigncountries,whichcreateawonderfullanguageatmosphereforstudents.Asoneofthemostpopularitythingisstudyabroad.band6Nowadays,purposeofeducationbeingchanged.Therearesomepeoplewhothinkthatcompetitioninchildrenshouldbemade,alsoothersbelievethatchildrenwhoaretaughttocooperateaswellasbecomeusefuladults.Thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesforbothofthearguments.Tobeginwith,whatisgoodifasenseofcompetitioninchildrenismade?Theycoulddevelopthemselvesmoreandmoreastheylearnandstudyalottowinfromthecompetition.Toprovethis,itiscommontohaveatutorwhocometostudents’housetoteachextrapieceofstudywithpayingalotofmoney.TheylearnfasterthanwhattheylearnEnglishforamonthinsteadofreviseschoolwork.Iftheyhaveexperimentssuchasstudyabroad,itisoneofthegreatestpluspointtogotothefamouswell-knownhighschool.Moreover,therearebigschoolexamandtwonationalexaminationstotestchildren’levelofstudies.Sochildrenlearnasmuchaspossibletowinthecompetition.band6Ontheotherhand,astheyarebusytoentertheschoolsandstudyindividuallywiththeirowntutors,thereareproblems.Theybecomeselfish.Theybecomecarelessanddonothelpothersalotifitisaboutstudies.Therewillbenocooperationforthem.Then,whyaretherecompaniesformanypeopletoworkin.Eachofthemareclever,however,thereareweakpartsandstrongpartsforeachperson.Tocooperateistoimprovethispart.Peopletalkandlistentowhatothersthinkingofandlearn.Thatcouldalsobeagreatopportunitytolearninsteadoflearningalonewithoneteacher.Inconclusion,Istronglyagreewiththatchildrenshouldbetaughttocooperateratherthancompete.Nobodyisperfect.Peoplelearntogether,worktogethertodevelopeachother.ThereforeIwantparentsandteacherstoeducatechildrenconcentratingoncooperation,notcompeteandrankingthem.band7Inbigbusinesscitiestherearetwooptionsavailableforthetypeofaccommodation:housesandapartments.Somepeopleprefertoliveinapartmentsandsomeliketoliveinhouses.Inbigbusinesscities,wherealmosteveryoneisgoingoutdailyforworkorstudy,apartmentsprovideamuchmorecomfortableandsafewayofliving.Theadvantagesincludethefactthatthereisonekeyandlocktheyhavetotakecareof,andalsothesenseofbeingapartofbigfamily.Usuallyaguardsitsatthemaingate,sochildrencanplayaroundinthecompoundwiththeirnextdoorfriends.Inaddition,notmuchdailycleaningisrequiredinapartmentsasnostaircasehastobeclean,whichisadifficulttask-allhousewivesknowitverywell.Butakeyadvantageisthatitissafetogoonvocationforalongtrip.band7Intheotherhand,houseshavetheirownattractionforitsinhabitants.Gardenloversusuallypreferhousesastheycanhavetheirowngarden.Itisalsoeasytokeepapet,especiallyadoginahousebecausedogcanplayaroundthegarden.Ifsomeoneisinterestedinmaintainingcarshimself,itcanonlybepossibleinhouseswhereonecanhavehisowngarden.Wherepeoplearesometimesmuchmoreconcernedabouttheirprivacy,livinginapartmentscanbeaverydifficultforthem.Itmayalsobethecasethatsomeoneisnotabletodealwithotherpeople,forinstancenextdoorneighbors,andthanhousecanbeabestchoiceforsuchpeople.band7However,sometimeshousescanbeabadchoiceforlowincomepeople.Maintainingabighouseandrunningitproperlycanbeaproblemforsuchcases.AttheendImustsaybothoptionscanbeagoodorbad,dependingonthepersonalconsiderations.Butfrommypointofview,Imustsayapartmentsseemagiftofmodernwayoflifewhichisnotcommoninmyhometown.band7.5Groupstudyhasbeenshowntobeaneffectivemethodforstudentstobecomesuccessfullearners,butwhilemoststudentshavebeenaccustomedtothistraditionalwayoflearning,othersprefertostudyaloneattheirownpace.Thetwoapproacheseachhavedistinctadvantages,andthechoiceismoreamatterofpersonalpreference.Groupstudyisstronglyadvocatedbysomebecauseitrequiresthesharingofideasamonggroupmembers.Duringgroupstudy,studentslistentowhattheirfellowstudentssayanddebatewiththemifthereisadisagreement.Naturally,theircommunicationskillsandcriticalthinkingabilitiesaregreatlyenhanced.Moreover,peerpressurecanbeapositiveforcewhichcanmotivateandchallengethestudentstodotheirbest.Thecompetitivelearningenvironmentalsopreparesthestudentsforthefuturereality.band7.5However,studyingalonealsoofferssomeuniquebenefitstothestudents.Firstofall,individuallearneriskeptawayfromthedistractingconversationorunnecessaryinterruptionsinaclassroomwithmanystudents.Thentheycanconcentratewellandmakemoreefficientuseoftheirtime.Also,theindividuallearnercanpacehisorherownlearninganddecideforhimselforherselfwhentostartorwhentostop.Thisisspeciallyhelpfultothoseintellectuallygiftedstudentswhomaybeboredwithregularbutsimpleclassroomteaching.Inconclusion,therearestrongargumentsforeachstudymethod,butasfarasIamconcerned,groupstudyismoreeffectivebecauseIfeelthatifthelearnershareswhatheknowswithsomeoneelsethenhisownunderstandingofthesubjectmattercouldbefutureimproved.雅思大作文類型大作文分為三種類型：大作文單邊支持雙邊討論分析解決區(qū)分單邊型文章Somepeoplethinkthattheamountoftimeandmoneyspentontheprotectionofwildanimalswouldbebetterthanspentonimprovingthewell-beingofhumans.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Theonlywaytoimprovethesafetyontheroadistogivemuchstricterpunishmentsfordrivingoffences.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?單邊文章判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一：話題本身看話題是不是有明顯的邏輯漏洞或者說(shuō)一方的觀點(diǎn)是否絕對(duì)性的壓倒另一邊，或者說(shuō)，是否是大是大非的話題。如果是的話，可以寫單邊支持性文章。單邊文章判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Somepeoplethinkhistoryhasnothingorlittletotellus,butothersthinkthatstudyinghistorycanhelpusbetterunderstandthepresent.Pleasediscussthetwoviewsandgiveyourownopinion.單邊文章判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)二：提問(wèn)方式如果題目是要你討論一下雙邊的觀點(diǎn)，即使話題本身再適合寫單邊類文章，你也要寫成雙邊。如果提問(wèn)方式為：towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree，那樣在話題允許的情況下，可以寫單邊注：要寫單邊必須符合2個(gè)條件，話題和提問(wèn)方式能用單邊寫的文章可以轉(zhuǎn)變成雙邊文章。單邊支持型單邊支持型文章結(jié)構(gòu)單邊支持型文章結(jié)構(gòu)：一般分為5個(gè)自然段第一自然段：introduction第二自然段：body1第三自然段：body2第四自然段：body3第五自然段：conclusionintroduction段包含要素introduction要包括三個(gè)要素1：社會(huì)背景介紹2：公眾的觀點(diǎn)3：個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)社會(huì)背景的寫法第一種：改寫文章的題目，但是不能照抄，而是應(yīng)該同義替換，可以更改句型也可以更改題目中的關(guān)鍵詞。社會(huì)背景的寫法第二種：采用一種模板式的寫法。不是很提倡，最為一種最后的選擇。Withthedevelopmentofsth,axxproblemhasarisen,andithasbecomeahottopic.Somepeopleadvocatethat......社會(huì)背景的寫法第三種：采用相比照較靈活和個(gè)性一點(diǎn)的開頭方式，具體又可以分為以下幾種：縱向比較橫向比較提問(wèn)形式引用形式縱向比較motorizedflightAtthebeginningofthe20thcentury,theartofmotorizedflyingwasjuststartingtotakeshape,andacenturylater,atthebeginningofthe21stcentury,motorizedflighthasbecomeanirreplaceablemeansoftransportationformodernpeople.縱向比較ZooTraditionally,zoohasbeenregardedasasourceofentertainmentandeducation.Whileoverrecentyears,manypeoplebegantoreconsideritsvalues,claimingthatitisactuallycruelbecauseitleadstothelossofanimals’wildness.橫向比較InternationalmarriageCross-countrymarriage,whiletoocommontobeatopicfordiscussionforthewesterners,isanovelnotioninChina.提問(wèn)形式ComputerComputersareheretosay,exertinglastinginfluencebothphysicallyandmentally.Isitablessingoracurse?提問(wèn)形式MediacoverageItisclearthattherearedifferentlevelsofmediacoverage.Doesmerelythementionofone’snameinanewspaperconstitutemediascrutiny?Whataboutthecoverageofasingleeventinsomeone’slifesuchasawedding?Isthemediacoverageoftheheroicdeathforapoliceofficerinthelineofdutyevergoingtodiminishthatperson’sreputation?引用形式引用新聞故事IwasdepressedbeyonddescriptionwhenIlearnedtheotherdaythattensofwildbearshadbeenillegallycaptivated…(protectingwildanimals)引用形式引用自身經(jīng)歷ForyearsIhavekeptmorningjoggingasadailyhabit.AndforyearsIhavebeenclearlyawareofmanypositivechangesithasbroughttome:finertemperamentandbetterfitness.(sports)引用方式引用定義，通常用于抽象話題Thebraindrain,orinotherwords,theemigrationofhighlyskilledpersons,hasbeencausingconcernsformanyyears.(braindrain)引用方式引用名人名言Confuciusalonegaveusmuchfoodforthoughtwhichisstillbeingadvocatedbuthardlypracticedtoday.Forexample,self-cultivation,regulatingthefamily,managingthenationandestablishpeaceallovertheworld.(selfnessandgreedy)Introduction段第二要素：公眾觀點(diǎn)的表達(dá)公眾觀點(diǎn)大作文中表達(dá)公眾觀點(diǎn)常用的句式：Some/Many/Most/Amajority/Quiteafew/Asizablepercentageofpeopleassert/contend/argue/hold/insist/maintain/claim/suggest/believe/proclaim/advocate/holdtheview/areconfidentthat______.But/However/Neverthless/Ontheotherhand,therearealsosome/同上people......第三要素個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)Inmyopinion,AsfarasIamconcerned,Asforme,Frommypointofview,Frommyownperspective,Iamconvincedthat第三要素：個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)Thereisprobablyalittlebitoftruthinbotharguments.Formypart,Iabsolutely/wholeheartedly/totally/completelyagreewith/approveof/consentto/sidewith/aminfavorofthelatterpointofview.開頭段引起下文的句子Thereasonsarepresentedbelow.Therearemanyreasonssupportingmyview.Therearenolessthanthreereasonsasrenderedbelow.IwouldliketopresenttwoexplanationstoconfirmthatIamright.Anumberofcausesaccountformypoint.開頭段引起下文的句子TherearenumerousreasonswhyIholdthisopinion,andIwouldexploreafewofthemostimportantoneshere.Amongcountlessfactorswhichinfluencemydecision,therearetwo/threeconspicuousaspects.Thisquitedifferentviewisbasedonthepropensityoffollowingpoints.PS：額外贈(zèng)送開頭方式這種開頭方式是現(xiàn)在比較成功的一種開頭方式，考官也會(huì)屢次用到這樣的開頭。Nowadays,pressureonschoolanduniversitystudentsinincreasinglygreatlyandstudentsarepushedtohardworkfromayoungage.Doyouthinkthisisapositiveornegativedevelopment?額外贈(zèng)送Althoughmanybelievethatputtingpressureonstudentstoachievegoodresultsisnecessaryinthecompetitivesocietyweliveintoday,Ifeelthatitisinmanywayscounter-productive.Forsomestudentsitdiscouragesaloveoflearning,canleadtoillness,andonlyasmallpercentageofthetotalactuallythriveundersuchpressure.主體段〔單邊〕主體段一般有三局部組成：1過(guò)渡句2主題句3主題句進(jìn)行論證主體段〔單邊〕帶出第一段主題句的常用過(guò)渡句型Thefirstreasonthatcanbeseenbyeverypersonisthat____Oneverystrongargumentisthat___First,wecanobserveeasilythat____Wecannotforgetauniversaltruththat____Perhapsthisisbecauseofthesimplefactthat__主體段〔單邊〕帶出主體段第一段常用過(guò)渡句型IagreewiththeabovestatementbecauseIbelievethat___Beyondenormousobviousreasons,thereliesamorein-depthcause.Certainlynootherreasoninmydecisionismorecrucialthantheoneasfollow.Intermsofsubstantivelevel,thereasonmentionedbelowseemstobeadvisableanddeservemoreconsiderations.主體段〔單邊〕帶出第二段主體句的常用過(guò)渡句式Anotherfactorthatwemustconsideristhat___ThereisafurthermoresubtlepointwemustconsiderAnotherreasonwhyIprefertheargumentisthatThereisanotherfactorthatdeservessomewordshereThesecondthingthatmustbetakenintoconsiderationisthat____Perhapsanotherreasonliesinthefactthat____主體段〔單邊〕帶出第三個(gè)主體段主題句的過(guò)渡句型Thethirdandveryimportantreasonisthat___Finally,theincomparableadvantageofthisviewisthat___Lastbutnotleast,Somepeoplemaysaythat___.Infact,____.主體段如何對(duì)主題句進(jìn)行論證一般我們會(huì)采用這幾種手段，分別為：exemplification〔舉例說(shuō)明〕explanation〔解釋說(shuō)明〕causeandeffect〔因果論證〕comparisonandcontrast〔比較與比照〕concessionandrefutation〔讓步與反駁〕ExemplificationExample:aspecificfact,idea,person,orthingthatisusedtoexplainorsupportageneralidea,ortoshowwhatistypicalofalargergroupForthousandsofyears,manyanimalshavegivenloyalservicetohumans.Pigeonsconveymessagesinwartime,anddogshelptodetectcrime.Evenpigs,whichmanypeoplethinkarethemoststupidanimals,areusedinthebattleagainstdrugs.Thereisnodoubtthatourliveswouldbefarlessconvenientwithoutalittlehelpfromouranimalfriends.ExemplificationAgrowingnumberofenvironmentalproblemsarenolongerconfinedtoacertainregionorcountry.Forexample,oilspillscanpolluteinternationalwatersandthelossoftheozonelayermayleadtothemeltingoficecapsandglaciers,whichinturn,mayraisesealevelsworldwide.ExemplificationTheadvertisementsonTV,newspaperandotherkindsofmediamayconfuseconsumersandmakethemrushtopurchaseproductswhichtheydon’treallyneed.Takethecellphoneforexample.Itsfunctionsandpracticaluseareoftenexaggeratedinadvertisements.What’smore,theadvertisementsevencreateafashionableatmosphereforcellphoneswhichappealstoyoungpeopletochangetheirphonescontinuouslywhileignoringthebasicserviceofcellphonesisjusttomakeaphonecall.ExplanationIbelievethetraditionalfamily,withbothparentsprovidingemotionalsupportandrole-modelsfortheirchildren,isthemostsatisfactorywayofbringingupchildren.ExplanationIthinkanabilitytokeepclearperspectivesinlifeisamoreessentialfactorinachievinghappiness.BythatImeananabilitytohaveaclearsenseofwhatisimportantinourlives(thewelfareofourfamilies,thequalityofourrelationships,makingotherpeoplehappy,etc.)andwhatisnot(aproblematwork,gettingannoyedabouttrivialthings,etc.)CauseandeffectCause:becauseofasaresultofduetothankstoowingtobecauseassinceforCauseandeffectResult:asaresultasaconsequenceaccordinglyinthiswaythushencesothereforeCauseandeffectInmanycountries,thebirthrateisdecreasingsothatfamiliesaresmallerwithfewerchildren.Thesechildrenareoftenspoilt,notintermsofloveandattentionbecauseworkingparentsdonothavethetimeforthis,butinmorematerialways.Theyareallowedtohavewhatevertheywant,regardlessofprice,andtobehaveastheyplease.Thismeansthatthechildrengrowupwithoutconsiderationforothersandwithoutanyunderstandingofwheretheirstandardoflivingcomesfrom.ComparisonandContrastsimilarlylikewiseinthesamemannerinthesamewayComparisonandContrast

whereaswhilstonthecontraryincontrastbycontrastontheotherhandinsteadratherconverselyComparisonandContrastPlaneisthefastestmeansoftransportation.Itusedtotakeusabout10hourstogotoaplacebycar.Now,wecangothereinnomorethan1hourbyair.ConcessionandRefutationalthoughwhileadmittedlyitistruethatitisoftenthecasethatbuthoweverneverthelessConcessionandRefutationGirlsalsoappeartobelessaggressivethanboys.Inadulthood,itismen,notwomen,whoprovetobetheaggressorsincrimeandinwar.Obviously,inraisingchildren,amorepatient,gentlemannerispreferabletoamoreaggressiveone.Althoughtherearecertainlygentlemenandaggressivewomen,byandlarge,femalesarelesslikelytoresorttoviolenceinattemptingtosolveproblems.結(jié)論常用句型Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat___Afterunderstandingthereasonsabove,itisquitesafenowtosaythat___Soifwetakeacarefulconsideration,itisnotdifficulttogettheconclusion.Takingintoallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat___結(jié)論Judgingfromallevidenceoffered,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat___Allreliableevidencepointtoonesaying,thatis___Alltheevidencejustifiesanunshakableviewthat__Tosumup,itissagacioustosupportthestatementthat____雙邊討論型文章雙邊討論型文章雙邊討論文章根本可以分為3種：1利弊型2矛盾型3由單邊轉(zhuǎn)雙邊型雙邊文章我們一般會(huì)用4個(gè)自然段來(lái)寫，第一個(gè)自然段為開頭，第二個(gè)和第三個(gè)自然段為主體段，第四個(gè)自然段為結(jié)尾。利弊型Inmanycountries,theproportionofolderpeopleissteadilyincreasing.Doesthistrendhavemorepositiveornegativeeffectsonthesociety?Inrecentdecades,therehavebeenanincreasingnumberofinterracialmarriagearoundtheworld.Discusstheadvantageanddisadvantagesofmarryingpeoplefromothercountriesorraces.矛盾型Somepeoplethinkthatculturaltraditionsmaybedestroyedwhentheyareusedasmoney-makingattractionsaimedattourists.Otherbelieveitisthebestwaytosavethesetraditions.Discussbothsidesandgiveyouropinion.Somepeoplethinkhistoryhasnothingorlittletotellus,butothersthinkthatstudyinghistorycanhelpusbetterunderstandthepresent.Pleasediscussthetwoviewsandgiveyourownopinion.由單邊轉(zhuǎn)雙邊型Theonlywaytoimprovethesafetyontheroadistogivemuchstricterpunishmentsfordrivingoffences.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Somepeoplethinkthattheamountoftimeandmoneyspentontheprotectionofwildanimalswouldbebetterthanspentonimprovingthewell-beingofhumans.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?雙邊討論型利弊型文章的結(jié)構(gòu)1introduction2theadvantagesofsth(2-3)3thedisadvantagesofsth(2-3)4conclusion注：如果你的結(jié)論為利大于弊的，那么先寫弊再寫利，相反那么先寫利，再寫弊。雙邊討論型矛盾型文章根本結(jié)構(gòu)introductionargumentsforthefirstopinion(2-3)argumentsforthesecondopinion(2-3)conclusion注：雖然我們?cè)诮Y(jié)論中可以完全倒向其中一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，但是在正文段中我們還是要寫他們2個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的合理之處。雙邊討論型由單邊轉(zhuǎn)雙邊型結(jié)構(gòu):1introduction2讓步，成認(rèn)該觀點(diǎn)的合理之處3批判該觀點(diǎn)的不合理之處4conclusion雙邊討論型雙邊討論型的開頭要包括：1社會(huì)背景：其寫法和單邊的寫法一樣2公眾觀點(diǎn)：其寫法和單邊的作文也是類似至于個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，可以在開頭中出現(xiàn)，也可以把自己觀點(diǎn)放到最后一段。雙邊討論型開頭段引起下文的常用過(guò)渡句型Itisquiteunderstandablethatpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsputdifferentinterpretationsonthesameissue.Admittedly,bothsidesarereasonable.Itisquitenaturalthatpeoplefromdifferentbackgroudsmayhavedivergentattitudestowardsit.Beforegivingmyopinion,Ithinkitisimportanttolookattheargumentonbothsides.雙邊討論型開頭段引起下文的常用過(guò)渡句型Itisquitenaturalthatpeopleseldomreachatotalagreementonsuchalong-runningcontroversy.Thisissueissocontroversialthatpeoplecanhardlyreachanabsoluteconsensus.Therearepeopleonbothsidesoftheargumentwhohaveverystrongfeelings.Therearedifferentviewsconcerningthistopic.雙邊討論型主體段第一段的過(guò)渡句Thosewhofavorthat___givetheirreasonsasfollows.Peoplewhoadvocatethat___havetheirsoundreasons.Thosepeoplewhostronglybelievethat___havecogentreasonsforit.雙邊討論型主體段第二段的過(guò)渡句However,theothersideofthecoinvoicesitsstrongopposition,sayingthat___.However,therearealargenumberofpeoplewhoholdadifferentviewconcerningthiscase.Theybelievethat____.Thereisnodenyingthatthereissometruthintheabovepointofview.However,tosomepeople'smind,_____.雙邊討論型主體段第二段的過(guò)渡句Somepeopleexaminethisissuefromanotherangle.Theyclaimthat____.However,viewsonthisissuevaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplebelievethat___.雙邊討論型雙邊討論型結(jié)尾結(jié)尾1

興利除弊型TheadvantagesbroughtbythespreadofEnglishasagloballanguagewilloutweighthedisadvantages.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Tosumup,itisdifficulttotellwhetherornottheadvantagesoutweighthedisadvantagesregardingtothespreadofEnglishasagloballanguage.Whatwemayhavetoconsiderishowtoacceptthistrendaspositivewhileatthesametimestayingawayfromitsdrawbacks.結(jié)尾1Tosumup,itisverydifficulttotellwhetherthebenefitsoutweighthedrawbacksornot.Asamatteroffact,whatweshoulddoatthismomentisnottoarguebuttoacceptthistrendaspositivewhileatthesametimeminimizingitsadverseeffect.結(jié)尾2平衡開展Somepeoplethinkthatculturaltraditionsmaybedestroyedwhentheyareusedasmoney-makingattractionsaimedattourists.Otherbelieveitisthebestwaytosavethesetraditions.Discussbothsidesandgiveyouropinion.WeshouldfindtherightbalancebetweentourismdevelopmentandculturalprotectionandIbelievethegovernmenthasaveryimportantroletoplayhere.Inmyowncountry,forexample,manytouristcitieshavemadeeffectivedevelopmentplanstosuccessfullyattractlargenumberofvisitorswhilestillpreservingtheirdistinctculturaltraditions.結(jié)尾2Tosumup,thereisnoabsoluteanswertothisissue.Justlikeeverythingelse,italsohastwosides.Whatweshoulddoisnottolaytoomuchemphasisononeside,whileignoringtheotherside.WeshouldfindarightbalancebetweenAandB.結(jié)尾3取決于Somepeoplethinkthattheanimalsshouldbetreatedaspets;othersthinkthatanimalsaresourcesoffoodandclothing.Whatisyouropinion?Frommypointofview,thereisnoabsoluteanswerastowhetheranimalsshouldbetreatedlikepetsorassourcesoffoodandclothes.Itlargelydependsonwhatkindsofanimalstheyare.Butwhatremainsundoubtedisthatweshouldtreatanimalswithahumaneattitudeandbearinmindthattheyareimportantinpreservingnature'secologicalbalance.結(jié)尾3Tosumup,thereisnoabsoluteanswertothisissue.AsfarasIamconcerned,itlargelydependsonthespecificconditionwhetherweshoulddosthornot.結(jié)尾4解決方法Inmanycountries,goodschoolsandmedicalfacilitiesareavailableonlyincities.Somepeoplethinknewteachersanddoctorsshouldworkinruralareasforafewyears.Butothersthinkthateveryoneshouldbefreetochoosewheretheywork.Discussandgiveyouropinion?Thebestsolutionisnottoorder,buttoencourage.Weshouldinstillasenseofresponsibilityinyoungpeopleandgivemoreincentivestothosewhoarewillingtoworkindifficultareas,sothatwecanaddresstheproblemofunban-ruraldisparitywhilerespectingwhateverdecisionsnewteachersanddoctorshavemade.分析解決型文章分析解決型文章

Nowadays,itisdifficultforuniversitygraduatestofindajob.Analyzetheindividualandsocialreasonsandoffersomesolutions.分析解決型結(jié)構(gòu)安排結(jié)構(gòu)為：開頭+主體段+結(jié)尾題目有幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，主體段就分幾個(gè)自然段來(lái)寫。

Nowadays,itisdifficultforuniversitygraduatestofindajob.Analyzetheindividualandsocialreasonsandoffersomesolutions.該題就會(huì)分4個(gè)自然段來(lái)寫，其中主體段分2段，一段寫原因，一段寫解決方法。分析解決型全文結(jié)構(gòu)1:The___probleminChinahasbecomeathornytopicinrencentyears.Peopleandthegovernmenthaveattachedmoreandmoreimportancetothisproblem.HereIwouldliketoexplorethecomplicatedproblemfromdifferentaspectsanditscausesandsuggestsomepossiblemeasures.分析解決型全文結(jié)構(gòu)2Agreatnumberoffactorscontributetothe___problem.Hereafewofthemwouldbeexplored.Thefirstfactoris______.Furthermore,______.Lastbutnottheleast,______.分析解決型全文結(jié)構(gòu)3Asfarasthethornyissueisconcerned,severalmeasuresareworthmentioning.Firstofall,______.Moreover,______.Lastofall,______.分析解決型全文結(jié)構(gòu)4Inconclusion,itistimeforpeopleandthegovernmenttobewareof______.Theyshould______.用新聞故事的方法寫開頭Accordingtothestatisticsfromourgovernment,aboutseveralmillionsofuniversitystudentsgraduateeveryyearandbegintoseekforthejob,whichisreallyachallengetooursociety.Themajorityofthosefreshgraduatesfindtheemploymentsituationfrustrating,becauseonlyabout60%ofthemsucceedinbeingemployedfinally.Whatisworse,thoseemployedwouldoftencomplainoftheirindecentjobs.用縱向比較的方法寫開頭UniversitygraduatestudentswereveryrareseveraldecadesagoinChina,whichmadethemquitecompetitivecomparedwiththosecommonworkerswhenseekingajob.Butgonearethosedayswhentheywerespeciallyfavored.Nowadays,thereareseveralmillionsoffreshuniversitygraduateseveryyear,sotheyfinditissodifficulttofindadecentjob,evenjustapassablejob.社會(huì)原因和個(gè)人原因分析社會(huì)原因：theboomingofuniversitygraduates.theworldeconomyisindepression.社會(huì)原因和個(gè)人原因分析個(gè)人原因ManystudentsareindulgedintheelectronicgamesandTV,whileneglectingtheirstudies.Manyuniversitystudentssettoohighpaymentstandardandtheyarereluctanttoseekajobinthelessdevelopedareas.解決方法thegovernmentshouldencouragethedevelopmentoftheeconomytocreatemorejobopportunitiestoyoungpeople.thegovernmentshouldalsoadoptsomefeasiblemeasurestoencouragethestudentstogotothelessdevelopedareasorruralareaswheretheyaremoreneeded.thestudentsthemselvesshouldfocu