Unit4Grammar課件牛津譯林版英語八年級上冊

8上Unit4GrammarGivinginstructions&Using'should'and'hadbetter'

WhenAndrewpaintedthelivingroom,whatdidhismumsay?Shesaid,“Stopit!”gaveinstructions.Andrewisn’tgoodatDIY!

把一張圖掛在墻上Putupapictureonthewall

Don’thitthepipe.GivinginstructionsAndrewisn’tgoodatDIY!

把墻刷成藍(lán)色。Paint

thewallsblue.

Don’t

paintthecat.GivinginstructionsTurnleft!Goupstairs!Turnright!Bequiet!Don'tpickflowers!Don'tpark!Don'teatit!Nosmoking!InstructionsinDailylifeCanyougroupmyinstructionsintotwoparts?*Standup!*Turnleft!*Turnoffthelights!*Don’tbeafraid!*Don’tmove!*Writetheword“instruction”ontheblackboard!肯定形式否定形式Whatcanweusesuchsentencestodo?Standup!Turnleft!Don’tbeafraid!Turnoffthelights!Don’tmove！Writetheword“instruction”ontheblackboard!TellpeoplewhattodoortellpeoplenottodosomethingGivinginstructions1.祈使句的概念(ImperativeSentence）祈使句表示請求、命令等。它的主語是you（聽話人），通常不說出。祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)中的謂語動詞一律用動詞____形。建議別人做或不做一件事。句末則使用感嘆號或句號,讀降調(diào)。

(Please)+Dosth.

(Please)+Don’tdosth.“please”inthesentencecanmakeaninstructionmorepolite.Howtogiveinstructions?肯定：否定：原Concludeandlearntherules1)祈使句的肯定結(jié)構(gòu)（動詞原形開頭,句末感嘆號?。貲o型Sit

down!

Stand

up!Listencarefully.②Be型（以be開頭）Be

quiet!安靜！Be

careful！小心！③Let型（letsbdosth）let’s是let

us的縮寫。Let’s型祈使句，其否定式也可用Let’s

not…

Let

me

try.讓我試試看。

Let’s

look

at

the

map.讓我們看看地圖。有些可以用No開頭用來表示禁止性的祈使句

如：Nosmoking!禁止吸煙

Nofishing!禁止釣魚)祈使句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)，在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)前加

Do

not

(Don’t)。

Don’t

go

there,please.請別去那兒。Don’t

be

late

for

class!上課別遲到！★為了顯得更為客氣和禮貌，我們常在祈使句中加上please。當(dāng)please用在句末時，必須用逗號與其余部分隔開。Please…

…,please.

以使語氣更加緩和或客氣。如：請把球傳給我。

__________________theball.請把窗戶打開。

_________thewindow,__________.★肯定祈使句的回答：________________.否定祈使句的回答：________________PleasepassmeOpenplease…,Iwill…,Iwon’t.Presentation

Givinginstructions!祈使句

祈使句,無主語,只用動詞原形就可以.表示請求或命令,加上please表客氣。如果變成否定句，Don’t開頭是規(guī)律。注意：若要表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，可在祈使句動詞原形前加do，表示“一定，務(wù)必”。1)

Docomeontime!一定要準(zhǔn)時來！2)

Dolookout!

一定要小心！(Come)Thisway,please.這邊請。有時，祈使句中的動詞或動詞短語可以省略。Tips1.正確區(qū)分祈使句：人名后加逗號為祈使句。加人名是為了表明說話的對象。e.g.Kitty,don’tbelatenexttime.Helpyourselvestosomecakes,boys.1.Kitty,_______(notbe)lateforschoolnexttime.2.Kitty_______(notbe)lateforschoolnexttime.3.____(make)yourselfathome,boy！4.__________(notforget)tobringyourhomeworkagain,Daniel.5.米莉，下次認(rèn)真聽講。don’tbewon’tbeMakeDon’tforgetMillie,listencarefullynexttime.Lucy

herhomeworkbyherself.Lucy,

yourhomeworkbyyourself.doesdo2.祈使句與動詞做主語的區(qū)分1._____(eat)anappleaday,please.2.________(eat)anappleadayisgoodforyourhealth.3._____(run)quicklynow.4.___________(run)quicklyishardforme.5.________(sing)asonghelpshimstartthestory.6.________(sing)asongnow.EatEatingRunRunningSingingSing3.祈使句中的反身代詞。Make

athome,Kitty!Help

tosomefish,Daniel!Children,enjoy

intheWorldPark!yourselfyourselfyourselves4.Specialusages祈使句+and+句子（將來時）只要……就祈使句+or+句子（將來時）否則e.g.Workhardandyou’llgetagoodresult.Hurryuporwe’llbelate.認(rèn)真聽你就會學(xué)的好。努力學(xué)否則我們通不過考試。經(jīng)常鍛煉你就會保持健康。少吃點(diǎn)否則你會變胖。Listencarefullyandyou’llstudywell.Workhardorwewon’tpassthetest.Exerciseoftenandyou’llkeephealthy.Eatlessoryou’llbecomefat.5.反義疑問句Don’tbelateagain,_______?Sendtheletterforme,_______?Let’sgotothehall,_______?Helpmecarrythebox,_______?Don’ttalksoloudly,_______?Let’scallhernow,________?willyouwillyoushallmewillyouwillyoushallme肯定回答：Yes,I

will.否定回答：No,Iwon’t.CutWriteDrawLooktrydon’tgiveKeep

/k?t/

剪下一把剪刀在另一邊keepdoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事

放棄

在(某物的)一邊：ononeside(ofsth)

在(某物的)另一邊：ontheotherside(ofsth)

在(某物的)兩邊：onbothsides(ofsth)

=oneachside(ofsth)你最好不要放棄學(xué)英語。它在你的日常生活中很重要。【放棄(做)某事giveup(doing)sth

】

____________________up_____English.It’simportinour___________.Youhadbetternotgivelearningdailylife學(xué)海拾貝中考鏈接：Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.

A.bring

B.brings

C.tobring

D.bringing有時為了明確的向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蠡虬l(fā)出命令，可加人物姓名，但姓名要與句子隔開。()1.—Jim,_____readbookswhileyouarewalkinginthestreet. It’sverydangerous.—OK,thankyou.A.don’tB.doesn’tC.won’tD.can’t()2.—______up,Anna.It’sseventhirty.—Onemoreminute,Mum.A.GetB.GetsC.GettingD.GotExerciseAA()3.Jim,_____meahand.A.givesB.isgivingC.willgiveD.give()4.____careful,Jenny!Thereisatreeinfrontofyou.A.AmB./C.BeD.Was()5.Let's____ourtime.A.notwasteB.nowastingC.nottowasteD.nowasteDCA1.Jim,_____meahand.A.givesB.isgivingC.willgiveD.give2.____careful,Jenny!Thereisatreeinfrontofyou.A.AmB./C.BeD.Was3.Let's____ourtime.A.notwasteB.nowastingC.nottowasteD.nowaste4.—____higher,andyouwillseethehouse.

—OK.A.IfyoustandB.TostandC.WhenyoustandD.Stand5.Please___doit.A.heB.lethimC.letheD.him6._____letanyoneopenthedoor.A.Don'tB.WillC.NotD.NoExercises:WillAndrewlistentoourinstructions?Maybe

weshouldbemorepolite!

也許我們該給他提意見而不是下指令！Maybeweshouldgivehimsomeadvice

insteadofgivinginstructions.Presentation1.Shouldheputupapictureonhisbedroomwall?Shouldhehitapipe?2.Shouldhepaintthelivingroomblue?Shouldhepainthiscatblue?3.WhatdidSuzyadviseAndrewtodo?Heshouldputupapictureonhisbedroomwall,butheshouldn’thitapipe.Heshouldpaintthelivingroomblue,butheshouldn’tpainthiscatblue.HeshouldtakeacourseinDIYandreadsomebooksaboutDIY.Hehadbetterputupapictureonhisbedroomwall,buthehadbetternothitapipe.Hehadbetterpaintthelivingroomblue,buthehadbetternotpainthiscatblue.He

hadbetter

takeacourseinDIYandreadsomebooksaboutDIY.Weuseshouldandhadbetterwhengivingadvice!Youshould/hadbetter….Youshouldn’t/hadbetternot…Thetoneof

hadbetter

isstrongerthanshould!

Whatcanweusetogiveadvicepolitely?Whatcanyousaytoyourparentsorteacherswhenyouwanttogivethemsomeadvice?should&hadbetterTellpeoplewhatwethinkisthebestorright

thingtodoGivingadviceThetoneisstrongerWecandrawaconclusion!當(dāng)我們給他人提建議時，可以用hadbetter（’dbetter）和should，表示“最好”或“應(yīng)該”做某事，hadbetter的語氣比should強(qiáng)一些。注意：hadbetter和should在使用時沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面都加動詞原形。hadbetter的否定式是直接在后面加not。should的否定式是shouldnot/shouldn’t。Thestructuresofshould/hadbetter:肯定形式：should+dosth.否定形式：shouldnot+dosth.肯定形式：hadbetter+do

sth.否定形式：hadbetternot+do

sth.Howtoobeytheschoolrules?Weshould/hadbetterwearschooluniforms.Weshould/hadbetterbefriendlytoothers.Weshouldn’t/hadbetternotridebikesintheschool.Weshouldn’t/hadbetternotbelateforschool.……DiscussionHowtogiveadvice?肯定shoulddosthhadbetterdosth

否定

shouldnotdoshthadbetternotdosth

Tones:hadbetter>shouldBSuzyisgivingDIYadvicetoherclassmates.Readtheadvicebelow.HelpSuzymakesentenceswithshould(not)orhadbetter(not).

abeginyourworkwithoutreadingthembjoinaDIYclubtolearnmoreaboutitcbepatientdbuysome