外研版英語必修三講義Module1Europe1SectionⅠIntroductionReadingandVocabulary-ComprehendingWord版含答案

歐洲，尤其是古希臘，是西方文化的發(fā)源地。目前，選擇去歐洲旅游的人越來越多，歐洲之所以吸引人是因?yàn)槟瞧箨懹兄?dú)特的建筑和迷人的風(fēng)景。Europeisknownallovertheworldastheplacewhichsawtheorigins(起源)ofwesternculture.TheseinterestingfactsaboutEuropewouldtellyoumanymoredetailsaboutthiscontinent.Here’salookatsomeinterestingfactsaboutEurope.Geographicallyspeaking,Europecoversabout10，160，000squarekilometers.TheArcticOceanliestothenorthofEuropewhiletheAtlanticOceanliesonthewesternside.Europeenjoysquitedifferentclimatesdependinguponeachregion.TheclimatemaybereallyfreezinginareasofScandinaviawhilecertaincountriesenjoyverywarmweather.Europehasaninterestingmixofcultures,whichisprobablybecauseoftheappearanceofmanyreligions(宗教).TherearemanycountriesinEuropethathaveofficialreligions.AninterestingfactisthatcertainSwissvillagesevenhavetheirreligionwrittenacrossatthesignsseenattheentrancetothesevillages.TherearemanyinterestingmusicalstylesinEurope.Theserangefromthetraditionalkindstomodernfolkorevenrockmusic.TherearealsolotsoffestivalsinEurope.Here,wecanseethecelebrationoftheOktoberfest,whichisheldinGermany,aswellasthecelebrationoftheCannesFilmFestival,whichisheldinFrance.Europeisconnectedwiththeoriginsofmanysportsthathavebeepopularallovertheworld.Cricketoriginated(起源于)inthesouthernareaofEnglandandgolfwhichisyetanotherpopularsportoriginatedinScotland.Also,therearegamesliketennisandhandballthatareextremelypopularinEurope.SectionⅠIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary—prehending重點(diǎn)單詞寫作詞匯1.acrossprep. 橫過；穿過2.facevt. 面向；面對(duì)3.rangen. 山脈4.symboln. 象征；符號(hào)5.projectn． 計(jì)劃；項(xiàng)目；工程6.birthplacen. 發(fā)源地7.ancientadj. 古代的8.landmarkn. 標(biāo)志性建筑拓展詞匯9.continentaladj.大陸的；大洲的→continentn.大洲10.situatedadj.坐落(某處)的；位于(某處)的→situatev．(位置)使位于，使處于……地位→situationn．形勢(shì)，狀況，位置11.locatedadj.位于→locatev．位于；確定……的位置→locationn．位置；所在地閱讀詞匯12.bootn． 長(zhǎng)統(tǒng)靴；皮靴13.galleryn. 美術(shù)館；畫廊14.architectn. 建筑師15.sculpturen. 雕刻；泥塑16.civilisationn. 文明重點(diǎn)短語1.off__the__coast 在(離岸邊不遠(yuǎn)的)海面上2.__be__covered__by 被……覆蓋著3.be__famous__for 因……而著名4.be__known__as 作為……而出名/聞名5.because__of 因?yàn)?；由?.of__all__time 有史以來重點(diǎn)句型1.方位句型：be/lie＋in/on/tothe＋方位名詞＋of...：Italyis__in__the__south__of__Europe(在歐洲南部)onthecoastoftheMediterraneanSea.2.全部倒裝：Between__France__and__Spain__is__another__mountain__range(法國(guó)和西班牙之間橫亙著另外一條山脈)—thePyrenees.3.形容詞短語作定語：ParisisthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,situated__on(坐落在)theRiverSeine.4.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋主語”構(gòu)成的短語在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與of后面的名詞或代詞一致：Abouttwo-thirdsofFrance’sartistsandwriterslive__in__Paris(住在巴黎).5.eversince自從……以來：Theirworkhas__influenced__other__writers__ever__since(自那以來一直影響著其他作家).eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)Readthetextandmatchthemainideaofeachparagraph.1．ParisA．isknownasthebirthplaceofwesterncivilisation.2．BarcelonaB．isthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance.3．FlorenceC．isthesecondlargestcityofSpain.4．AthensD．isanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance.答案：1－4.BCDAeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．Whichofthefollowingcitiesisacapital?A．Venice. B．Barcelona.C．Florence. D．Athens.2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheelement(要素)tomakeParisfamous?A．TheEiffelTower.B．TheLouvre.C．Itsrestaurants,cafésandtheatres.D．TheartistsandwriterslivinginParis.3．FlorenceisfamousformanythingsEXCEPT________．A．theRenaissanceB．thelandscapeofthecityC．manygreatartistsandtheirworksD．someartgalleries,churchesandmuseums4．InwhichwaymentionedinthepassagewasAthensdifferentfromtheotherthreecities?A．Itisthecapitalcityandthebirthplaceofthecivilisation.B．Itwastheworld’smostpowerfulcitywithalonghistory.C．TherearemanyfamousbuildingsinAthens.D．ManywriterslivinginAthenshaveinfluencedotherwriterswiththeirworks.答案：1－4.DDBBeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)Analyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．BarcelonaisthesecondlargestcityofSpainandissituatedonthenortheastcoast,aboutfivehundredkilometreseastoftheSpanishcapital,Madrid.[翻譯]巴塞羅那是西班牙第二大城市，位于西班牙的東北海岸線上，距離首都馬德里東部約500公里處。2．OneofBarcelona’smostfamouslandmarksistheChurchoftheSagradaFamilia,whichwasdesignedbyanarchitectcalledAntonioGaudi.[翻譯]巴塞羅那最著名的標(biāo)志性建筑之一是圣家大教堂，由建筑師安東尼奧·高迪設(shè)計(jì)。3．FlorenceisanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseoftheRenaissance,agreatartisticmovementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlastedforthreehundredyears.[翻譯]佛羅倫薩是一座因文藝復(fù)興而聞名的意大利城市。文藝復(fù)興這場(chǎng)偉大的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)始于14世紀(jì)并且持續(xù)了300年。①situated['sIt?u?eItId]adj.坐落(某處)的；位于(某處)的(＝located)besituatedon/in/at位于……，坐落在……②Seine[seIn]n．塞納河(法國(guó))③morethan多于；超過nomorethan僅僅notmorethan不多于④popularadj.受歡迎的bepopularwith受……歡迎⑤EiffelTower[?aIf?l'ta??(r)]n.埃菲爾鐵塔⑥symbol['sImbl]n.象征；符號(hào)⑦gallery['ɡ?l?ri]n.美術(shù)館；畫廊⑧Louvre['lu?v?(r)]n.盧浮宮⑨located[l??'keItId]adj.位于belocatedin/near，etc.位于某處/位于某處附近等⑩befamousfor因……而出名?two-thirds三分之二分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。分子大于1時(shí)，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。?Barcelona[?bɑ?si'l??n?]n.巴塞羅那?landmark['l?nd?mɑ?k]n.標(biāo)志性建筑?SagradaFamilia[s?'ɡrɑ?d?f?'mi?li?](西班牙)圣家大教堂?bedesignedby由……設(shè)計(jì)bedesignedfor專為……設(shè)計(jì)?architect['ɑ?kI?tekt]n.建筑師?workon從事；致力于?project['pr?d?ekt]n.計(jì)劃；項(xiàng)目；工程?Florence['fl?r?ns]n.佛羅倫薩?becauseof因?yàn)?；由?后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞)because因?yàn)?后接句子)eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))theRenaissance文藝復(fù)興eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))ofalltime有史以來eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))sculpture['sk?lpt??]n.雕刻；泥塑eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))suchas例如；諸如……之類eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))UffiziPalace[ju?'fItsi'p?lIs]烏菲齊美術(shù)館eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))Athens['?θ?nz]雅典eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))beknownas(＝befamousas)作為……而出名/聞名修飾known用well，不用very，構(gòu)成wellknown。eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))birthplace['b??θ?pleIs]n.發(fā)源地eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))civilisation[?sIv?laI'zeI?n]n.文明eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))Parthenon['pɑ?θ?n?n]n.帕臺(tái)農(nóng)神廟eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))Acropolis[?'kr?p?lIs]n.雅典衛(wèi)城eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))ancient['eIn??nt]adj.古代的eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))workn．(藝術(shù))作品，常用復(fù)數(shù)works。eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))influencev．影響eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))eversince自從……一直(與完成時(shí)連用)GreatEuropeanCitiesPARISParisisthecapitalandlargestcityofFrance,situated①ontheRiverSeine②.Itisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworldandisvisitedbymorethan③eightmilliontouristseveryyear.Themostpopular④placefortouristsistheEiffelTower⑤，thefamoussymbol⑥ofParis.Oneoftheworld’slargestartgalleries⑦，theLouvre⑧，isalsolocated⑨inParis.Thecityisalsofamousfor⑩itsrestaurants，cafésandtheatres.Abouttwo-thirds?ofFrance’sartistsandwritersliveinParis.◆形容詞短語situatedontheRiverSeine作伴隨狀語?！鬷svisited是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！魌hefamoussymbolofParis作theEiffelTower的同位語。BARCELONA?BarcelonaisthesecondlargestcityofSpainandissituatedonthenortheastcoast，aboutfivehundredkilometreseastoftheSpanishcapital，Madrid.OneofBarcelona’smostfamouslandmarks?istheChurchoftheSagradaFamilia?，whichwasdesignedby?anarchitect?calledAntonioGaudi.Gaudiworkedon?theproject?from1882untilhisdeathin1926.Thechurchhasn’tbeenfinishedyet!FLORENCE?FlorenceisanItaliancitywhichbecamefamousbecauseof?theRenaissanceeq\o\ac(○,21),agreatartisticmovementwhichbeganinthe1300sandlastedforthreehundredyears.DuringtheRenaissance,someofthegreatestpaintersofalltimeeq\o\ac(○,22)livedandworkedinFlorence.ManyofFlorence’smostbeautifulpaintingsandsculptureseq\o\ac(○,23)wereproducedbygreatartistssuchaseq\o\ac(○,24)LeonardodaVinciandMichelangelo.Florenceisvisitedeachyearbyaboutamilliontouristswhoetoseetheartgalleries，churchesandmuseums．TheUffiziPalaceeq\o\ac(○,25)isthemostfamousartgalleryinthecity.◆wereproduced是一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！魒hoetosee...是who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾amilliontourists，who在從句中作主語，不能省略。ATHENSeq\o\ac(○,26)Athens，thecapitalofGreece,isknownaseq\o\ac(○,27)thebirthplaceeq\o\ac(○,28)ofwesterncivilisationeq\o\ac(○,29).Twothousandfourhundredyearsago，itwastheworld’smostpowerfulcity.BuildingssuchastheParthenoneq\o\ac(○,30)ontheAcropoliseq\o\ac(○,31)Hillwerebuiltduringthisperiod.Greece’sbestwriterslivedinancienteq\o\ac(○,32)Athens.Theirworkeq\o\ac(○,33)hasinfluencedeq\o\ac(○,34)otherwriterseversinceeq\o\ac(○,35).◆thecapitalofGreece作Athens的同位語。◆werebuilt是一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。歐洲的大城市巴黎巴黎是法國(guó)的首都，也是法國(guó)最大的城市，坐落在塞納河畔。它是世界上最美麗的城市之一，每年有800多萬名游客前來參觀。最受游客歡迎的旅游景點(diǎn)是埃菲爾鐵塔，它是巴黎著名的象征。世界上最大的藝術(shù)館之一——盧浮宮，也位于巴黎。這個(gè)城市也以餐館、咖啡館和劇院而聞名。法國(guó)約三分之二的藝術(shù)家和作家住在巴黎。巴塞羅那巴塞羅那是西班牙的第二大城市，位于西班牙的東北海岸線上，距離首都馬德里東部約500公里處。巴塞羅那最著名的標(biāo)志性建筑之一是圣家大教堂，由建筑師安東尼奧·高迪設(shè)計(jì)。高迪從1882年起從事這項(xiàng)工程直至1926年逝世。教堂至今還未完工！佛羅倫薩佛羅倫薩是一座因文藝復(fù)興而聞名的意大利城市。文藝復(fù)興這場(chǎng)偉大的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)始于14世紀(jì)并且持續(xù)了300年。在文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，歷史上一些最偉大的畫家在佛羅倫薩生活和工作。佛羅倫薩許多最美的畫作和雕像都出自像列奧納多·達(dá)·芬奇和米開朗琪羅這樣的藝術(shù)大師之手。佛羅倫薩每年大約有100萬旅游者來訪，他們都是來參觀藝術(shù)館、教堂和博物館的。其中，烏菲齊美術(shù)館是這個(gè)城市最著名的藝術(shù)長(zhǎng)廊。雅典雅典是希臘的首都，作為西方文明的發(fā)源地而聞名于世。2400年前，它是世界上最強(qiáng)大的城市。一些諸如雅典衛(wèi)城山上的帕臺(tái)農(nóng)神廟之類的建筑都是在這一時(shí)期建造的。希臘最優(yōu)秀的作家就生活在古雅典城。他們的作品自那以來一直影響著其他作家。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)閱讀理解AEuropeishometoavarietyofculturaltreasures.LonelyPlanethasofferedpairsofcitiesforculture-hungrybuttime-poortravellers.LondonandParisIttakesyouabouttwohourstotravelfromLondontoParisbyEurostar,ahigh-speedrailwayservice.Thetwocapitalcitieshavebeenpetinginfashion,artandnightlifefordecades—buteachsecretlylooksuptotheother.NoonecandoubtthegrandandimpressivebeautyofParis’LouvreMuseum,butifyouwanttosavemoney,youcannotskiptheBritishMuseumfreetovisit.paredwithLondon,Parishasmoreoutdoorattractions,suchasthebeautifulgreenwalkwayLaPromenadePlantee.InParis,you’llseedinerslinger(逗留)overredwine.WhileinLondon,youcantrysomeafternoontea,eatfishandchipsorsaltedcake.ViennaandBratislavaAustriancapitalViennaandSlovakiacityBratislavaareanhourapartbytrain.ButsincetheyarelinkedbytheDanubeRiver,thebestwaytotravelisbyship.Atourofthetwocitiesistheperfectwaytoexperienceeverythingfrom17thcentury’sHabsburgdynastysplendortosci-firestaurants.ViennaisfamousforMozartandimperialpalaces.YoucanappreciatetheperfectblendingofarchitectureandnatureinthegrandScholossSchonbrunnPalace,andrewardyourselfwithacupofViennacoffee,whichhasmadeitswaytotheworld’sculturalheritagelist.Bratislavaisbestknownforitsfinedining—theremarkableUFOrestaurant.Youcanenjoyameat-ladendinnerhereinanamazingsetting.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了兩對(duì)很有代表性的歐洲文化寶地。1．What’stherelationshipbetweenLondonandParisaccordingtothetext?A．Theyhelpeachother.B．Theyadmireeachother.C．Theyattackeachother.D．Theydon’tlikeeachother.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“buteachsecretlylooksuptotheother”可知倫敦和巴黎相互“傾慕、崇拜”，故選B項(xiàng)。2.WhataretheadvantagesofParismentionedinthearticle?a.LouvreMuseumb.Freeaccesstomuseumsc.Moreoutdoorattractionsd.BetterwinesandperfumesA．a(chǎn)cd B．cdC．a(chǎn)c D．bcdC解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“NoonecandoubtthegrandandimpressivebeautyofParis’LouvreMuseum”和“paredwithLondon,Parishasmoreoutdoorattractions”可知巴黎的優(yōu)勢(shì)是C項(xiàng)。3.LonelyPlanetremendsthesetwopairsofcitiesbecause________.A．theyarenotexpensivetovisitB．theyarebestknowntotheworldC．theyarealwaysenemiesbetweeneachotherD．theyareclosebutdifferentinmanyaspectsD解析：推理判斷題。綜合全文可知，歐洲文化燦爛、富有文化寶藏，而文中提到這兩對(duì)城市相距不遠(yuǎn)且各有千秋，很有代表性，故非常值得推薦、游覽。BAmericancitiesaresimilartoothercitiesaroundtheworld:Ineverycountry,citiesreflectthevaluesoftheculture.Americancitiesarechanging,justasAmericansocietyischanging.AfterWorldWarⅡ，thepopulationofmostlargeAmericancitiesdecreased;however,thepopulationinmanySunBeltcitiesincreased.LosAngelesandHoustonarecitieswherepopulationshifts(轉(zhuǎn)移)toandfromthecityreflectingthechangingvaluesofAmericansociety.Inthelate1940sandearly1950s,cityresidents(居民)becamewealthier.Theyhadmorechildrensotheyneededmorespace.Theymovedoutoftheirapartmentsinthecitiestobuytheirownhomes.Theyboughthousesinthesuburbs.Nowthingsarechanging.Thechildrenofthepeoplewholeftthecitiesinthe1950sarenowadults.Many,unliketheirparents,wanttoliveinthecities.TheycontinuetomovetoSunBeltcitiesandolderonesoftheNortheastandMidwest.Manyyoungprofessionalsaremovingbackintothecity.Theypreferthecitytothesuburbsbecausetheirjobsarethere,ortheyjustenjoytheexcitementandpossibilitiesthatthecityoffers.Thispopulationshiftisbringingproblemsaswellasbenefits.Countlesspoorpeoplemustleavetheirapartmentsinthecitiesbecausetheownerswanttosellthebuildingsormakeapartmentsforsaleinsteadofforrent.Inthe1950s,manypoorpeopledidnothaveenoughmoneytomovetothesuburbs;nowmanyofthesesamepeopledonothaveenoughmoneytostayinthecities.Onlyafewyearsago,peoplethoughtthattheolderAmericancitiesweredying.Somecityresidentsnowseeabright,newfuture.Othersseeonlyproblemsandconflicts.Onethingissure:manydyingcitiesarealiveagain.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文向我們介紹了美國(guó)城市發(fā)展的不同階段的不同情況，以及人們對(duì)美國(guó)城市發(fā)展的不同觀點(diǎn)。4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcitiesallovertheworld?A．Theyarealive.B．Theyarehopeless.C．Theyaresimilar. D．Theyaredifferent.C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章開頭“Americancitiesaresimilartoothercitiesaroundtheworld”可知答案為C。5.WhydidAmericancityresidentswanttoliveinthesuburbsafterWorldWarⅡ？A．BecauseolderAmericancitiesweredying.B．Becausetheywerericherandneededmorespace.C．Becausecitiescontainedtheworstpartsofsociety.D．Becausetheycouldhardlyaffordtoliveinthecity.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“cityresidents(居民)becamewealthier.Theyhadmorechildrensotheyneededmorespace.Theymovedoutoftheirapartmentsinthecitiestobuytheirownhomes”可知答案為B。6.Accordingtothe4thparagraph,agreatmanypoorpeopleinAmericancities________．A．a(chǎn)refacedwithhousingproblemsB．a(chǎn)reforcedtomovetothesuburbsC．wanttoselltheirbuildingsD．needmoremoneyfordailyexpensesA解析：推理判斷題。由第四段中的“Countlesspoorpeoplemustleavetheirapartmentsinthecitiesbecausetheownerswanttosellthebuildingsormakeapartmentsforsaleinsteadofforrent.”可知答案為A。7.Wecanconcludefromthetextthat________.A．AmericancitiesarechangingfortheworseB．peoplehavedifferentviewsonAmericancitiesC．manypeoplearenowmovingfromAmericancitiesD．thepopulationisdecreasinginolderAmericancitiesB解析：推理判斷題。從文章最后一段可以得出答案B。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)完形填空BritainwillbethebiggestcountryinEuropeby2050,overtakingbothFranceandGermany,accordingtoofficialprojections.Britainwill__1__itspopulationgrowfromtoday’s62.2millionto77million,anincreaseof24percent.ThiswillmakeitbiggerthanFrance,projectedtobe70millionandGermany,whichis__2__tohave71.5millioncitizens.TheforecastsefromthePopulationReferenceBureau,aUS__3__whichsuppliesdata__4__governmentsandinstitutionsaroundtheworld.Thepredictions__5__thatBritainwillseeitspopulationincreaseoverthenext40yearsatafarfasterratethannearly__6__Europeancountry.Theextra15millionequatestothebinedpopulationsofGlasgow,Birmingham,Manchester,LeedsandLiverpoolbeingaddedtothe__7__nationalpopulationoverthenexttwogenerations.Britain’spopulationhasstartedtoclimb__8__inrecentyears.Lastyear,theOfficeforNationalStatistics__9__thatmothershadmorechildrenthanatanytimesince1973.Immigrantmothers__10__morethanhalfoftheincreaseinbirths,butthefertilityrateamong__11__womenalsorosesharply.ThePopulationReferenceBureau__12__thatFrance’spopulation,__13__，willincreaseathalftherate,__14__7milliontoits63million,__15__Germanywillactuallyseeitspopulation__16__sharplyfrom81.6millionto71.5millionbecauseofalackofimmigration,anda__17__lowerbirthratethan__18__inBritain.ItalreadyhasthesecondoldestpopulationintheworldafterJapan,__19__oneinfiveofallGermansovertheageof65.Europe,__20__，willseeitspopulationdipfrom739millionto720million,becauseofitslowbirthrate.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。據(jù)官方預(yù)測(cè)，到2050年，英國(guó)將超過法國(guó)和德國(guó)，成為歐洲人口最多的國(guó)家。 B．watchC．see D．observeC解析：英國(guó)的人口將從現(xiàn)在的6220萬增加到7700萬，增長(zhǎng)幅度為24%。see在此意為“見證”。 B．supposedC．predicted D．expectedC解析：據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)，德國(guó)人口為7150萬。beplannedto被計(jì)劃；besupposedto應(yīng)該；bepredictedto被預(yù)測(cè)；beexpectedto被期待。根據(jù)語境，這里將英國(guó)、法國(guó)和德國(guó)的人口增長(zhǎng)情況做了預(yù)測(cè)，因此答案為C。 B．universityC．munit