牛津譯林版（2023）必修 第一冊(cè)Unit 4 Looking good,feeling good Grammar and usage課件(共71張PPT)

第第頁牛津譯林版（2023）必修第一冊(cè)Unit4Lookinggood,feelinggoodGrammarandusage課件(共71張PPT)(共71張PPT)

Grammar

學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)

1

2

3

understandthemeaningsofrestrictiverelativeclauses

withrelativeadverbs

summarizethegeneralrulesofrestrictiverelative

clauseswithrelativeadverbs

applyrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativeadverbsto

specificsituations

基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)回顧:關(guān)系詞及其意義

指代人

指代事物

所屬關(guān)系

指地點(diǎn)

指時(shí)間

指原因

who,whom,that

which,that

whose

where

when

why

關(guān)系代詞

關(guān)系副詞

歸納總結(jié)

做題技巧

先分析定語從句中缺少什么成分

Let'ssharesomeChinesesongsandtrytocompletetheattributiveclausesintheirEnglishversionbyusingproperrelativewords.

Challengeyourself

導(dǎo)入

1.黃品源《小薇》有一個(gè)美麗的小女孩，她的名字叫做小薇。

Thereisabeautifulgirl_______nameisXiaowei.

whose

導(dǎo)入

2.梁靜茹《寧夏》那是個(gè)寧靜的夏天，你來到寧夏的那一天。

That'sthequietsummer______youcametoNingxia.

when

導(dǎo)入

3.蔡依林《愛情三十六計(jì)》愛是一種奇妙的東西，會(huì)讓人突然不能呼吸。

Loveisawonder__________takesmybreathaway.

which/that

導(dǎo)入

4.S.H.E手不是手，是溫柔的宇宙，我這個(gè)小星球就在你手中轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。

Yourhandisatenderuniversein______I'mturningaround.

which

導(dǎo)入

5.陳小春《算你狠》你要學(xué)學(xué)那個(gè)屢戰(zhàn)屢敗的陳小春

You'dbetterlearnfromChen,______keepsfightingnomatterhowmanytimesheloses.

who

導(dǎo)入

6.阿杜《哈羅》我想要說的全都寫在眼里面。

All________Iwanttosayiswritteninmyeyes.

that

導(dǎo)入

7.王心凌《睫毛彎彎》大風(fēng)吹吹什么,吹一見鐘情的人。

Thestrongwindisblowingatthose______fallinloveatthefirstsight.

who

導(dǎo)入

8.潘瑋柏《不得不愛》可是你給我的愛讓我養(yǎng)成了依賴。

Thelove___________yougivememakesmerelyonyou.

which/that

導(dǎo)入

9.謝霆鋒《黃種人》從來沒有醫(yī)不好的傷。

Thereisneverawound______cannotbecured.

that

導(dǎo)入

10.梁靜茹《絲路》我將眼淚流成天山上面的湖，讓你疲憊時(shí)能夠扎營(yíng)停駐。

Iwillturnmytearsintoalake,by_______youcancampwhentired.

which

導(dǎo)入

Therelativeadverb關(guān)系副詞whererefersto指的是aplace,therelativeadverbwhenrefersto(1)____________,andtherelativeadverbwhyrefersto(2)__________________.

Inmoreformal正式的English,therelativeadverbswhere,whenandwhycanbereplaced替代by“preposition介詞+(3)relativepronouns.關(guān)系代詞”

“Workingouttherules”P48

time

areason

關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，當(dāng)介詞前置時(shí)，只能用______指人，______指物；但如果介詞后置，則不受這種限制，關(guān)系代詞還可以省去，特別是在口語中。如：

1.Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking=

Doyouknowtheboy________________shewastalkingto

介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

who/whom/that/省

whom

which

關(guān)系詞

關(guān)系

代詞

關(guān)系

副詞

whowhom

thatwhich

whoseas

when

where

why

1

關(guān)系副詞

當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞when，where，why。

還有一個(gè)萬能關(guān)系副詞that.

狀語是一種用來修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞或全句的詞，說明時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，程度，方式等概念。

關(guān)系副詞的作用

指代表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因的先行詞。

在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分-狀語。

連接：把主句和定語從句連接起來。

關(guān)系副詞修飾的先行詞在從句中所作的成分

when時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語

where地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)狀語

why原因名詞原因狀語

thattime,place,reason,way時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式狀語

when

when引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾的先行詞是表示時(shí)間的詞，如time，moment，month，day，year等，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。

Doyourememberthedaywhenhewasborn你記得他出生的日子嗎？

Wedon’tknowtheexacttimewhenhewillreturn.我們不知道他將要回來的確切日期。

where

where引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾的先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的詞，如school，house，place等；也包括抽象的地點(diǎn)position、stage；隱形的地點(diǎn)：news，story，words在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。

Thisisthehousewherehewasborn.這座房子就是他出生的地方。

Canyouthinkofasituationwherethephrasecanbeused你能想出一個(gè)可以使用這個(gè)詞組的場(chǎng)合嗎？

why

why引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾的先行詞是表示原因的詞，在定語從句中作原因狀語。

Tellmethereasonwhyyouwereangryyesterday.告訴我你昨天生氣的原因。

that

that是一個(gè)多功能詞，它可以用作關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾表示時(shí)間（time）、地點(diǎn)（place）、原因（reason）、方式（way）。that作關(guān)系副詞時(shí)，相當(dāng)于when，where，why，“介詞+which”，而且一般可以省略。

表示時(shí)間時(shí)，that相當(dāng)于when或“介詞+which”，可省略。

Istillrememberthetime(that/when/inwhich)Ihelpedmyfatheronthefarm.

我仍然記得在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里幫助我爸爸的那段歲月。

表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)，that相當(dāng)于where或“介詞+which”，可省略。

Ihaveneverbeentotheplace(that/where/inwhich)theAmericanslive.

我從未到過那些米國人居住的地方。

表示原因時(shí)，that相當(dāng)于why或forwhich，可省略。

Thereason（that/why/forwhich）helosthislifewaslackofmedicalcare.

他的死是由于醫(yī)療護(hù)理的缺乏。

表示方式時(shí)，that相當(dāng)于inwhich，可省略。

Canyouworkoutaway(that/inwhich)wecansolvethisproblem

你能找出一種我們能夠解決這個(gè)問題的方法嗎？

不能用how引導(dǎo)定語從句！how從不引導(dǎo)定語從句。

做題技巧

判：判斷從句成分結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整。

句子不完整：缺少主、賓、表、定用關(guān)系代詞；

句子完整：只是缺少狀語用關(guān)系副詞。

找：看主句，找先行詞，指人還是指物。

看：①看是否有特殊情況；

②看定語從句中的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞還是不及物動(dòng)詞，及物動(dòng)詞后無賓語，用關(guān)系代詞，不及物動(dòng)詞則用關(guān)系副詞。

舉個(gè)

Thisisthefactory___________Ivisitedlastyear.

(從句缺少賓語，故用關(guān)系代詞；先行詞是物，可選用that/whic;無特殊情況，兩個(gè)都可以選。)

Thisisthefactory_________heusedtowork.

（從句句意完整，故用關(guān)系副詞；thefactory是地點(diǎn)，故用where。）

We’llneverfogettheday________wework(不及物動(dòng)詞)inthevillage.

We’llneverforgettheday____________wespent(及物動(dòng)詞)inthevillage.

that/which

where

when

that/which

關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，不論是在限制性定語從句中，還是在非限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)介詞前置時(shí)，只能用______指人，______指物；但如果介詞______，則不受這種限制，關(guān)系代詞還可以省去，特別是在口語中。如：

介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

whom

which

后置

1Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking=

Doyouknowtheboy__________shewastalkingto

2.Thepencil(which/that)hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.=

Thepencil___________hewaswritingsuddenlybroke.

that/whom/-

withwhich

II.介詞的選用原則

根據(jù)定語從句中

謂語動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配來決定。

①ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8yuan.

②ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8yuan.

spendmoneyonsth.為固定搭配

paymoneyforsth.為固定搭配

2)根據(jù)

先行詞的搭配習(xí)慣來決定。

①IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.

②IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedhere.

③IrememberthemonthinwhichIstayedthere.

強(qiáng)調(diào)在具體某一天要用介詞on

強(qiáng)調(diào)在某幾天時(shí)間內(nèi)要用介詞during

在month前介詞要用in

3)根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的_________。

Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles

writesthfor

4)根據(jù)從句中形容詞的__________。

CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’mnotsure？

besureabout

邏輯關(guān)系

習(xí)慣搭配

補(bǔ)充：含有介詞的短語動(dòng)詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動(dòng)詞的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof。

①Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.

②Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.

1.Doyoulikethebook_________shespent$10

2.Doyoulikethebook________shepaid$10

onwhich

Useproperprepositionsandrelativepronounstofillintheblanks.

forwhich

Practiceone

3.Doyoulikethebook__________shelearnedalot

4.Doyoulikethebook______________sheoftentalks

5.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______istheYellowRiver.

fromwhich

about/ofwhich

ofwhich

6.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.

7.Thisisthebook_____Iamlookingfor.

8.Thesungivesuslightandheat,whichwecan’tlive.

towhom

which

without

1.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.

A.whoB.as

C.aboutwhichD.withwhom

Practicetwo

2.TheEnglishplay______mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.

A.forwhichB.atwhich

C.inwhichD.onwhich

3.Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,______fivearemine.

A.onwhichB.inwhich

C.ofwhichD.fromwhich

“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前或后還可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞。如：

①Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.

他深深地愛著他的父母，他們倆待他都很好。

②Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿(=＿＿＿＿＿＿＿)havegonebad.

籃子里有好些蘋果，有些已經(jīng)壞了。

③Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,

＿＿＿＿＿(=＿＿＿＿＿＿＿)arefrombigcities.

我們班總共有40個(gè)學(xué)生，大多數(shù)來自大城市。

someofwhich

ofwhichsome

mostofwhom

ofwhommost

④Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,

________________(=_________________)are

aboutcountrylife.

迄今為止，他寫了10部小說，其中部是關(guān)于農(nóng)村生活的。

threeofwhich

ofwhichthree

C:Tomorrowisaparticulardayhisdaughterwillgetmarried.

D:Iwentbacktotheplace_________Iwasbornandgrewup.

A:I’llneverforgetthedaywhichshesaidgood-byetome.

B:Whocangivemethereasonwhichhehasn’tturnedupyet

on

for

when

why

onwhich

when

inwhich

where

1.定語從句中關(guān)系副詞有？

2.關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中作？語

3.關(guān)系副詞when,where和why也可用“？+which”來代替，要注意其先行詞（名詞）與介詞的合理搭配。

when=“at/in/during…+which”

where=“in/at/on…+which”

why=“for+which”

4并非先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的詞時(shí)不是都用when,where,why，應(yīng)視？？

(還原法)如果先行詞代入從句中不需要加介詞用關(guān)系代詞，需要額外加介詞用關(guān)系副詞。

Istillremembertheday________Icamehere.

2.Istillremembertheday_____Icamehere.

3.Istillremembertheday____________wespenttogether.

onwhich

when

(which/that)

Iwenttotheplace________weworkedtenyearsago.

2.Iwenttotheplace______weworkedtenyearsago.

3.Iwenttotheplace___________wevisitedtenyearsago.

atwhich

where

(which/that)

Thisisthereason______________hewaslate.

2.Thisisthereason____________heexplainedtome.

3.Thisisthereason__________canexplainhisbeinglate.

why/forwhich

(which/that)

which/that

思考

是否所有的介詞+關(guān)系代詞都能用關(guān)系副詞代替

1.Thepainting(________Ilooked)waspaintedbyme.

2.Thebook(___________Iheard)waswrittentwentyyearsago.

atwhich

aboutwhich

3.Thepen(__________shewrotethatbook)cannowbeseeninamuseum.

4.Kunmingisabeautifulplace(_____________)flowersareseenalltheyearround.

5.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse(_____________)thegreatwriterusedtolive.

withwhich

where/inwhich

where/inwhich

6.Iwillneverforgottheday(_____________)Ifirstmetyouontheship.7.Thefilm(____________Ifellasleep)wasveryboring.

結(jié)論：只有當(dāng)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”充當(dāng)？時(shí)，才能用關(guān)系副詞代替。

onwhich/when

duringwhich

Practice:

1.Iknowthereason_____________hecamelate.

2.Doyouknowthewoman,________sonwenttocollegelastyear

3.Thehouse_______colorisredisJohn’s.

4.Thisisthebestfilm______I’veeverseen.

5.That’sthetown_____________heworkedin1987.

why/forwhich

whose

whose

(that)

where/inwhich

6.Thosewho________togotothecinemamust

beattheschoolgateby3:30p.m.(want)

7.Hewho_______________thegreatwallisnotatrueman.(notreach)

8.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho______beentoBeijing.(have)

9.Heisoneoftheboyswho______seenthefilm.(have)

10.Theshop__________Iboughtthebookinisbig.

want

doesn’treach

has

have

(which/that)

11Theshop______Iboughtthebookisbig.

12Theshop__________Iboughtthebookinisbig.

13Theshop_________islocatednearbymyhouseisbig.

14Thereason___________hewaslateisunkown.

15Thereason__________hetoldmeforhisabsenceisnottrue.

where

which/that

why/forwhich

(which/that)

(which/that)

16.Whoisthecomrade____wasthere

17.Thereisabedintheroom____isstillempty.

18.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingthewindowsmostof________hadn’tbeencleanedatleastayear.

19Thisisthe2ndarticle_________Ihave

writteninEnglish.

20Thisistheverybook________Iwanttoread.

that

that

which

that

that

特殊的先行詞

theway:作為先行詞在定語從句中

作方式狀語時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可以用that/inwhich或省略；

作主語或賓語則用關(guān)系代詞that/which或省略

1Thewayhethoughtoftosolvetheproblemisacleverone.

AhowBthatCinwhichDinthat

B

2Idon’tlikethewayyoulaughather.

AwhichBthatCinthatDwhat