本杰明·富蘭克林

BenjaminFranklin

本杰明·富蘭克林

(1706-1790)scientist科學(xué)家philanthropist

慈善家diplomat外交家writer作家printer印刷工AllTitlesstatesman政治家businessman商人publisher出版商……scientist科學(xué)家AlbertEinsteinThegreatestscientistin20thcenturyBenjaminFranklinThegreatestscientistin18thcenturyFranklinwasoneofthefirstpersonsintheworldtoexperimentwithelectricity.Heconductedhismostfamouselectricalexperimentin1752.Heflewakiteduringathunderstorm,andprovedthatlightningiselectricity.kiteexperiment(風(fēng)箏實驗)lightningrod（避雷針）Hisinventions(發(fā)明)savebuildingsfromdamageHisinventions(發(fā)明)Franklinstove(富蘭克林爐)18世紀，大多數(shù)家庭都要靠低效的老式壁爐來取暖。這種壁爐要不僅燒很多木頭，還有大量的熱量散失，也有把房子點著的危險。富蘭克林爐有兩個鮮明的特征：一個中空的隔板，和一個用來阻止熱量順著煙囪流出的倒虹吸煙道。AkindofhighefficientstoveHisinventions(發(fā)明)glassharmonica(玻璃琴)akindofmusicalinstrument(一種樂器)bifocal(雙光眼鏡)forpeoplewhogetboth

nearsightednessandfarsightedness(適合既有近視眼又有遠視眼的人)Oneofthedraftersof

DeclarationofIndependence(美國《獨立宣言》起草者之一);SeekinghelpfromFranceinAmericanIndependentWar.(遠赴法國為美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭尋求幫助)statesman政治家In1731hefoundedwhatwasprobablythefirstpubliclibraryinAmerica（創(chuàng)建美國第一個公共圖書館）.Heformedthecitypolicewhenhesawthatcriminalsweregettingawaywithoutpunishment（建立警察機構(gòu)）.Heraisedmoneytohelpbuiltacityhospital,thePennsylvaniaHospital(創(chuàng)建賓夕法尼亞州立醫(yī)院).Thecityhadnoschoolforhighereducation,sohehelpedfoundtheacademythatgrewintotheUniversityofPennsylvania(創(chuàng)建賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)).philanthropist

(慈善家)BenjaminFranklin′sThirteenVirtues

(富蘭克林13條人生準則)Temperance(節(jié)制)Silence(緘默)Order(秩序)Resolution(決心)Frugality(節(jié)儉)Industry(勤勉）Sincerity(真誠)Justic