大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)Unit 4

Unit4TextA

AmericanDream:EveryonecansucceedaslongasheworkshardAmericanDreamThebeliefofAmericansthattheircountryoffersopportunitiesforagoodandsuccessfullife.Forminoritiesandimmigrants,thedreamalsoincludesfreedomandequalrightsBecauseAmericansrejectedtheEuropeansystemofsociety,theyhadtofindasubstituteforjudgingsocialstatus.Thequalityandquantityofanindividual’smaterialpossessionsbecametheacceptedmeasureofsuccessandsocialstatus.HardworkhasbeenbothnecessaryandrewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheirhistory.Becauseofthis,theyhavecometoseematerialpossessionsasthenaturalrewardfortheirhardwork.Insomeways,materialpossessionsareseennotonlyasapparentevidenceofpeople’swork,butalsooftheirabilities.1.WhatisAmericanDreaminyouropinion?2.WhatisthereasonwhythereisAmericanDreamratherthanRussianDreamorKoreanDream?3.Whatisyourpersonaldream?Howareyougoingtomakeyourdreamcometrue?collocations:tomowthegardentoweedtheyardtosweepthelawntocleanupanylittletaskstotakecareofheavyobjectstoliftthewalkstofixthingsTextanalysisTimewordsandphrasesinthenarration:OneeveningSummerpassedintofall……TonyworkedasahelpatMr.Crawford’shouseTonygotajobclearingsnowatMr.Crawford’sfactoryTonybecameaskilledworkerthroughlearningTonyboughtahousewiththehelpofMr.CrawfordTonyboughtafarmandsentforhisfamilyinItalySimilaritiesbetweenthefulfillmentofTony’sandAmericanindustrialists’AmericandreamDifferencesbetweenthefulfillmentofTony’sandAmericanindustrialists’AmericandreamParagraph1----10Imowyourlawn---4times:showsTony’sdeterminationinfindingajobandhisoptimisticviewthatpeoplewouldhelpamanwhoneededajobdetermination,persistence,constancy,willpower,perserveranceWhatcanyouinfer?TomowthelawnToweedthegardenTosweepthewalksTocleanuptheyardTotakecareofanylittletaskToliftheavyobjectsTofixthingshardworking,helpful,diligent,industrious,studiousHowtomakeinferenceNostatementclaimingTonytobeagoodworker.youcaninferfromotherpeople’scompliments”1,mywifesaidhewasveryhelpful2,thepersonneldepartment“saidTonywasaverygoodworker”3,Igotareportthathehadgraduatedasaskilledgrinder4,thefarmgreenwithvegetables,thelittlehouselivableandhomey1.turnawayv.拒絕幫助；不讓…進(jìn)入e.g.turnawayabeggar/asalesmanAtrueandtrustworthyfriendneverturnsdownafriendintrouble.Declineone’shelp,invitation,Refuse2.assumev.1)假設(shè)；認(rèn)為e.g.Hiswalletwasmissingandheassumedthatoneofhisroommatesstoleit.2)擔(dān)任；承當(dāng)assumeadifficulttask/aleadingroleWhowillassumethenextAmericanpresident?whenyouareassumingthemonitor,youhavetoberesponsibleforthewholeclass

Paragraph11-----16What‘sTony’srequest?1,gotafull-timejob---stable2,wantedtobeapprentice—togetskillEvaluation:1,thepersonnelsaidhewasgoodworker2,hegraduatedasaskilledgrinderPersonality:Go-aheadismUpandcomingAggressiveAmbitousSelf-motivatedpositivity3,capacity：theabilitytocatchordosth.havethecapacityfor/tododosth

toone’sfullcapacity

充分發(fā)揮聰明才智ThosemathproblemswerebeyondmycapacityHousewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfullcapacity.我懷疑托尼是否有能力學(xué)會(huì)看圖紙，用千分尺，是否能勝任做精密加工工作。Tonytookacutinpay:Tony’ssalarywascutintohalfGrinder:研磨工Millionthsofaninch:百萬(wàn)分之一寸Hundredthsofonemeter百分之一米Shapethegrindingwheel:makewheel制作砂輪

shapeagoodcharacter塑造好的性格

eventswhichshapepeople'slives決定人一生的大事Aninstrumentsetwithadiamond:equippedwithdiamond鑲嵌著金剛石的工具turndownv.1)拒絕；摒斥（提議、建議等）Lawshouldbemadetopreventdisabledyoungpeoplefrombeingturneddownbycollegesanduniversities.2)轉(zhuǎn)小或扭小（煤氣、音響等）WouldyoupleaseturndowntheTValittle?YouknowIamwritingatermpaper.instrumentn.工具，器械，儀器musical/labinstruments[辯]instrument/equipment/apparatusinstrument通常指比較精密的器具、器械equipment指為了進(jìn)行研究、旅行、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等所需要的裝備apparatus一般僅指儀器、成套的工具Paragraph17------21WhyTonycanbuythathouse?1,gurantee2,interest3,amanofcharacter—worthyoftrust4,agoodjob5,hard-workingTonywantedtobuyahouseedge:刀刃,刀鋒,銳利,邊,,邊緣,邊界,界線

aknifewithasharpedge有利刃的刀

theedgeofthetable桌子邊

theedgeofthecliff崖邊

Ontheedgeoftown:--suburbedger:磨邊機(jī)，刨邊機(jī)edges:優(yōu)勢(shì)wreckWreckage失事,沉船殘骸;沉船漂浮物;殘貨Wreckedwrecking['reki?]n.失事,遇難船,營(yíng)救難船Plane,carcrashCarsmashLoanmoneyoncredit,realpropertytogetinterest利息Loanmoneyoncharacter:loanmoneyaccordingtohisgood,reliablepersonalityLot:

簽,抽簽,運(yùn)氣,命運(yùn),一塊地方

drawbylot,drawlots

decidebylot抽簽決定

ThelotcanbeplantedwitheggplantsReluctant：unwillingtodosth.bereluctanttodosthHeisreluctanttoborrowmethemoneyReluctance,ReluctantlyMortgage:topaythemortgage

償付抵押

LendingPoliciesofMortgageBanks

抵押銀行的借貸政策Thehousewasmortgagedtothebank.

住宅抵押給銀行。amortgagethatissubordinatetoafirstmortgage.

次于第一按揭的抵押。Mortgageisrationforfirst-timebuyer.

抵押只限給初次購(gòu)買(mǎi)者

downpayment首付分期付款：

1，budgetplan2，dividedpayments3，Installment

Discard:desertv.（正式）拋棄，丟棄discardone'swife遺棄妻子discardoldbeliefs拋棄舊信念discardprejudices放棄偏見(jiàn)discardthedrossandselecttheessential去粗取精discardedParagraph22---27Tonysoldhishouse,andboughtafarm------torealizehisdreamIntheeyeofTony’sfriend,Tonywasamillionaire----successfulbyhisstep-by-stephardworkAbandon放棄(=desert)遺棄,丟棄放肆,放縱;沉湎于abandonone'sidea放棄自己的想法Heabandonedhiswifeandchild.他遺棄了他的妻子和孩子。.abandononeselfto沉緬于,陷入drug,depression,self-accusationSelf-abandoned自暴自棄的Donotabandonyourselftodespair.

自暴自棄，悲觀失望TheyabandonthemselvestodrinkingAbandononeselftohisfate自生自滅abandon強(qiáng)調(diào)“完全、永遠(yuǎn)地遺棄”,尤其是指遺棄以前感興趣或負(fù)有責(zé)任的人或物,如:Sheabandonedherchild.她遺棄了她的孩子。discard:強(qiáng)調(diào)丟掉“無(wú)用的東西”，遺棄desert

強(qiáng)調(diào)“違背誓言、命令、責(zé)任、義務(wù)等”,Thesoldierdesertedhiscountryandhelpedtheenemy.那個(gè)士兵叛國(guó)助敵。

forsake

指“遺棄某人以前所愛(ài)的人或物”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“斷絕情感上的依戀”,如:Shepleadedwithherhusbandnottoforsakeher.她懇求丈夫不要拋棄她。sponsor:1,n.發(fā)起者,主辦者,倡儀者資助者,出資用廣播[電視]節(jié)目做廣播[電視]廣告者【宗】教父,教母

classsponsor班主任2,v.為…作保證人；主辦，發(fā)起

agovernment-sponsoredresearchprojectThefootballgamewassaidtohavebeensponsoredbyafamousshirtfactory.Hegrowinstatureinmymind他的形象在我心目中越來(lái)越高大Stature:身材;身長(zhǎng)才干;(身體,心智或道德)的發(fā)展;(思想的)境界,高度beofmeanstature個(gè)子矮小besmallinstature身材小ascholarofgreatstature一位了不起的學(xué)者theloftymoralstature崇高的精神境界1,Vision,determination,selfcontrol,optimism,self-respect,andaboveall,integrity.遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)，執(zhí)著，自制，樂(lè)觀，自尊。以及最重要的，正直2,Thebalancesheets資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表wereexactlythesame.Theonlydifferencewaswhereyouputthedecimalpoint小數(shù)點(diǎn)-----howmuchmoneyyouownTonydidn’toweacent,heownedhisfarmandwasregardedassuccessfulasindustrilist.1.IfyouwereTony,withnomoneyandpoorEnglish,butinhopeofabetterlife,whatwouldyoudo?2.Inmanypeople’seyes,Tony’sdreamistoosmalltomention,whyisitchosenheretoillustrate（闡述）AmericanDream?3.AfterreadingTony’sstory,whatisyourunderstandingofsuccess?Successdoesmeanmakingbigbusinessorbecomingsomebody,itmeansfullfillingyourlimitedlifePartVIIITextBPartIXKeywordsExercisePartXComprehensionQuestionsPartXITextStructure1.Thoughtofhavingtotaketheexamagain

him,sincehehasfailedseveraltimesbefore.A.depressedB.defeatedC.deniedD.declined2.Thescientist

firmly

thattheplanwillworkproperlyafterclosestudyofitforlong.A.was;convincingB.is;convincedC.is;convincingD.is;aconvince3.Thehijacker

hewouldkillthehostagesoneafteranotherifhisdemandwasnotmet.A.requiredB.beamedC.threatenedD.argued4.Thewomanfeltheartbrokenwhenherhusband

herafterhelearnedtheirone-year-oldsonbecamedisabled.A.divorcedB.divorcedwithC.divorcedtoD.divorceby5.AsianparentsknowbetterthanAmericanparentsastohowto

theirchildrentoworkhard.A.memorizeB.showerC.mentionD.motivate6.Inajobinterview,whatmattersisto

youremployers

yourabilitytodotherequiredjob.A.assure;withB.ensure;ofC.assure;ofD.insure;with7.Hisparentsweregreatly

bythenewsthathefailedthedrivingtestforwhichhehadbeenpreparingforatleastthreemonths.A.astonishedB.assignedC.addressedD.scared8.Beforeatest,aneffectivewayto

nervousnessistotakeadeepbreath.A.snapB.proceedC.severeD.conquer9.Asanurse,shehasmanydutiesto

incaringforasick.A.figureoutB.fulfillC.comeupwithD.survive10.Uptonowthepolice

sufficientevidencetoprovethesuspectguiltynomatterhowhardhetriedtodenyit.A.haveobtainedB.hasretainedC.hasobtainedD.havecontained11.Sincetheyoungmanwas

CEOofthemultinationalcompany,hehaslesstimetostaywithhisfamily.A.appreciatedB.appointedC.affordedD.approved12.Usuallyonedoesn’tunderstandwhathisparentshave

forhimuntilonehashisownchildren.A.sampledB.scheduledC.sacrificedD.offered13.Yearsofcivilwarinthatcountrycallsfortheinternationalpeace-keepingtroopsto

peaceandorder.A.reconstructB.releaseC.recallD.restore14.Itisquitenormalthatateenagersometimescan’t

thegoodfromthebad.A.distinguishB.departC.drainD.beam15.Thetwooldfriendswhohadn’tseeneachotherforagesembracedingreatexcitementwhentheycameacrossonatrain.A.easedB.engagedC.embraceD.estimated1.Whywasthedelicatebrain-separationoperationBenCarsononceperformedtalkedaboutingreatdetail?2.WasthedreamofbeingasuccessfulsurgeonsoughtorcreatedbyBenCarson?

(Para.1-3)AsurprisingbeginningofBenCarson’sspeechtoagraduatingclass(Para.4-18)StoriesofBenCarson’sroadtosuccess(Para.19-23)Furtherencouragementtotheclass21.createv.創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作（尤其是新東西）createapieceofmusic創(chuàng)作以首樂(lè)曲Godcreatedtheworld.Itissaidthatthenewprojectwillcreatedupto90jobsinthesmalltown.

ThankYou!12.spotn.地點(diǎn)；斑點(diǎn)makeon-the-spotobservations/recordsv.（從很多人或物中）察出；認(rèn)出；看見(jiàn)（某人或某物）Thethieveswerespottedbythepoliceastheywereenteringthebank.Heisaverytallman,easytospotinacrowd.13.amazev.使驚愕，使詫異Allthepeoplepresentwereamazedattheexcellentperformancesgivenbythedisabledchildren.14.dietn.1)日常飲食Nowanincreasingnumberofpeopleareawarethatabalanceddietandregularexercisearebothforhealth.2)某人（因醫(yī)療的理由等）被限制食用的食物alow-fatdiet低脂肪飲食Thedoctoradvisedthefatgirltogoonadiettoloseweight.19.handlev.管理，處理；操縱handleamachine/motorcar/childrenOnlyanexperiencedpilotcanhandleaplaneincriticalsituations.Itisadifficultsituation,buteveryonebelievesthatheisabletohandleitverywell.20.routen.路線，路程Whatistheshortestroutefro