2024版高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)教材復(fù)習(xí)Unit3SportsandFitness教師用書新人教版必修第一冊(cè)

Unit3SportsandFitnessⅠ．詞塊記單詞1．sportsandfitness運(yùn)動(dòng)與健康2．gotothesoccergame去看足球賽3．a(chǎn)ne-sportsevent一個(gè)電子競(jìng)技項(xiàng)目4．mastersintheirsports他們體育項(xiàng)目中的佼佼者5．bringhonourandglorytohercountry為她的國(guó)家?guī)?lái)榮光6．medalsatworldchampionshipsandtheOlympics在世界錦標(biāo)賽和奧運(yùn)會(huì)的獎(jiǎng)牌7．theteamcaptain隊(duì)長(zhǎng)8．pretendtofalldown假裝摔倒9．millionsofyuan數(shù)百萬(wàn)元10．nevercheatintheexam永遠(yuǎn)不要在考試中作弊11．theaudience觀眾12．lookliketheslimgirlsonTV像電視上的苗條女孩13．tryeverynewdiet嘗試每一種新的飲食14．makeexerciselikejoggingmoreenjoyable讓慢跑這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)更有趣15．spellingerrors拼寫錯(cuò)誤Ⅱ．語(yǔ)境記單詞1．LiHuaisayoungmanwithgreatdetermination．HedeterminedtogotoTibetaftergraduation．Determinednevertocomebackbeforehecouldmakeabigfortune,helefthomewithoutsayingaword．(determine)2．Intheterriblecrashoftheschoolbus,manychildrenwereinjured,andevensomesufferedsevereinjuriestotheheadandarms．Theinjuredwererushedtothenearesthospital．(injure)3．Davidhasastrongbody．Hehasthestrengthtodohardwork．Wehadbetterstrengthentherelationshipwithhim．(strength)4．Alltheexcitedcompetitorswhoarerelativelycompetitivearecompetingforthehonourofwinningthegoldmedalsinthecompetition．(compete)5．Afterastressfulweekofwork,alltheemployeeswereextremelystressedandtired．Theycomplainedthatfewcouldworkeffectivelyunderstress．(stress)Ⅲ．語(yǔ)境記短語(yǔ)1．Aslongasyouhaveadream,keeptryingandyou'llmakeit(成功)．2．Encouragedbyhisfriends,Jackdidn'tloseheart(喪失信心)andkeptontrying．3．We'llhaveabarbecuetonightandyou'rewelcometocomealong(一起來(lái))．4．Hesufferedaseriousinjurythatforcedhimtogiveup(放棄)hisjob．5．Ateachershouldsetagoodexample(樹(shù)立好榜樣)forstudentsbybehavinghimselfwellatanymoment．6．Boys,however,usecomputersforhomeworkandschoolworkonlynowandthen(偶爾)．7．Itdoesn'tmakesense(有道理)tobuythecheapestcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars．8．Ilistenedtotheprogrammeandfoundthey'dcutout(刪掉)alltheinterestingstuff．9．Iwillhelpcleanuptheroadsidelitterwheneverpossible．Ihopemybehaviourwillmakeadifference(起作用)．10．Wedon'thavetokeeptheseoldchairsanymore．Anyway,theyarefallingapart(破裂)．Ⅳ．公式練句型1．他說(shuō)他成功的原因是勤奮而不是智慧。(ratherthan)Hesaidthatitwasdiligenceratherthanintelligencethatledtohissuccess．2．(2022·全國(guó)甲卷寫作)通過(guò)共同努力，我們可以保護(hù)和恢復(fù)我們寶貴的海洋。(bydoing...)Byworkingtogether,wecanprotectandrestoreourpreciousoceans．3．即使蘇珊很惱火，她的聲音仍然很平靜。(evenif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)Susan'svoicestillremainedcalmevenifshewasgettingannoyed．4．今年來(lái)訪的游客似乎少了。(seemtodo)Thereseemtobefewertouristsaroundthisyear．5．為了讓她受良好的教育，她的父母做了很多犧牲。(sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句)Herparentshadmadesacrificessothatshecouldhaveagoodeducation．1．honourn．榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸vt．尊重；以……為榮[素養(yǎng)佳句](2021·全國(guó)乙卷寫作)It'sagreathonourformetostandhereandaddressmyspeechtitled“Besmartonlinelearners”．我很榮幸能站在這里發(fā)表我的題為“做聰明的在線學(xué)習(xí)者”的演講。(1)inhonourof...為了紀(jì)念……It'sone'shonourtodosth．某人很榮幸做某事。(2)honouredadj．受尊敬的；感到榮幸的——單句語(yǔ)法填空①WecelebrateTeachers'Dayeveryyearinhonourofteachers．②Ifeelhonoured(honour)tobeinvitedtogiveyoualectureonhowtoimproveEnglishreadingability．——一句多譯我很高興收到你的來(lái)信。我很榮幸能和你分享在我們學(xué)校體育鍛煉的情況。③Iamveryhappytohearfromyou．Asforthephysicalexerciseinourschool,Ihavethehonourtoshareitwithyou．(honourn．)④Iamveryhappytohearfromyou．Asforthephysicalexerciseinourschool,it'smyhonourtoshareitwithyou．(honourn．)⑤Iamveryhappytohearfromyou．Asforthephysicalexerciseinourschool,Ifeelhonouredtoshareitwithyou．(honoured)2．injurevt．使受傷；損害[素養(yǎng)佳句]LastSaturday,Iwentfishingwithmyfellows,onlytohavemyleftfootinjured．上星期六，我和我的同伴去釣魚，結(jié)果我的左腳受傷了。(1)injuredadj．受傷的；有傷的theinjured傷員(2)injuryn．傷害；損傷dosb．a(chǎn)ninjury/doaninjurytosb．傷害某人——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2019·天津卷)Awarinjury(injure)hasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison．②Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjured(injure)andthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain．③Theinjuredweresent(send)tohospitalshortlyaftertheaccident．——句式升級(jí)Myleftfootwasseriouslyinjured,soIcan'tgowithyouasplanned．④Withmyleftfootseriouslyinjured,Ican'tgowithyouasplanned．(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))3．determinationn．決心；決定[素養(yǎng)佳句]It'sthatkindofcourageanddeterminationthatmakeshimsucharemarkablecharacter．正是那種勇氣和決心使他成為這樣卓越的人。(1)determinev．(使)下決心，(使)做出決定；決定；測(cè)定；確定；查明determinetodosth．決定做某事(動(dòng)作)determinethat...決心/決定……determineon/upon(doing)sth．決定(做)某事(2)determinedadj．有決心的；堅(jiān)決的；堅(jiān)定的——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2021·浙江卷1月)Unfortunatelyweforgottoweighthembeforetakingouttheirinsides,butIwasdeterminedtoprove(prove)mypoint．②(2019·天津卷)Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeterminestowrite(write)abook．③(2021·浙江卷6月)Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination(determine)．④Shewasabraveanddetermined(determine)girlwithrichimagination．⑤Determining(determine)whereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival．——句式升級(jí)Iamdeterminedtoperformwellinthefinalexam,soI'moccupiedinpreparingforit．⑥D(zhuǎn)eterminedtoperformwellinthefinalexam,I'moccupiedinpreparingforit．(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))4．strengthn．力量；體力；長(zhǎng)處，優(yōu)勢(shì)[素養(yǎng)佳句]PractisingChinesekungfucannotonlybuildupone'sstrength,butalsodevelopone'scharacter．練中國(guó)功夫不但能增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)，還能培養(yǎng)一個(gè)人的品性。(1)buildupone'sstrength增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)strengthsandweaknesses優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)(2)strongadj．堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；強(qiáng)壯的(3)strengthenv．加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；鞏固——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrength(strong)andflexibility?②Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthen(strong)newmemories．③Asagoodteacher,youshouldknowyourstudents'strengths(strength)andweaknesses．——完成句子④Tobuildupourstrength,weoftenholdallkindsofactivities,suchasplayingbasketballandtabletennis,intheschoolgymnasium．為了強(qiáng)身健體，我們經(jīng)常在學(xué)校的體育館組織各種各樣的活動(dòng)，例如：打籃球、乒乓球等。⑤Byparticipatinginsuchactivities,weimproveourskillsandstrengthenoursenseofcooperation．通過(guò)參加這樣的活動(dòng)，我們提高了我們的技能，加強(qiáng)了我們的合作意識(shí)。5．competevi．競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；對(duì)抗[素養(yǎng)佳句]Lifeislikealongracewherewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves．生活就像長(zhǎng)跑，我們與別人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)來(lái)超越自己。(1)competein參加……比賽competewith/against...與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)(2)competitionn．比賽(3)competitiveadj．有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的(4)competitorn．競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者；對(duì)手——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition(compete)．②Wecan'tcompetewith/againstthemonprice．③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Museumsmustcompeteforpeople'ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements．④IwanttoprovethatIcanbejustasgoodas,ifnotbetterthan,mycompetitors(compete)．——完成句子⑤Weweresointerestedinthecompetitionthatweformedagrouptotakepartinit．我們對(duì)比賽如此感興趣，以至于我們組成了一個(gè)小組參加比賽。6．pretendvi．&vt．假裝；裝扮[素養(yǎng)佳句]Don'tpretendtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow．不要不懂裝懂。pretendeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(tobe＋adj./n.假裝……,todosth.假裝做某事,tobedoingsth.假裝正在做某事,tohavedonesth.假裝做了某事,that...假裝……))——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2019·天津卷)SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading(read)．②Hewouldaskwhowewereandpretendnottoknow(know)us．③Jimpretendedtohavesolved(solve)thedifficultproblemandleftthecompany．④Ihadbeenlyingtomyself,pretending(pretend)thateverythingwasfine．——同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Tompretendedthathehadn'theardaboutthenews,butinfactheknewitverywelllastweek．⑤Tompretendednottohaveheardaboutthenews,butinfactheknewitverywelllastweek．7．stressn．壓力；緊張；重音vt．強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀；使焦慮不安vi．焦慮不安[素養(yǎng)佳句](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Thistalkshowaimstohelpstudentsreleasestressthroughrelaxingtalks．這個(gè)談話節(jié)目旨在幫助學(xué)生通過(guò)輕松的談話來(lái)釋放壓力。(1)lay/put/placestressonsth．把重點(diǎn)放在某事上；強(qiáng)調(diào)某事understress在壓力之下underthestressof為……所迫(2)stresstheimportanceof...強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性(3)stressedadj．焦慮不安的；感到有壓力的(4)stressfuladj．產(chǎn)生壓力的；壓力重的；緊張的——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport．②Ifyoufeelstressed(stress)byresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentifythoseofgreaterandlessimportance．③Itisalsoavirtuetoforgiveandforget,especiallyinsuchacompetitiveandstressful(stress)society．④Whenunderstress,evenamostgentlepersoncanbebad-temperedandgetangryeasily．——一句多譯老師經(jīng)常強(qiáng)調(diào)勤奮在通往成功之路上的重要性。⑤Teachersoftenstresstheimportanceofdiligenceintheapproachtosuccess．(stressv．)⑥Teachersoftenlay/put/placestressondiligenceintheapproachtosuccess．(stressn．)8．giveup放棄；投降[素養(yǎng)佳句]Losinggamestaughthimtopractiseharderandnevergiveup．輸?shù)舯荣惤虝?huì)了他更加努力地練習(xí)，永不放棄。givein屈服；投降；讓步；上交giveout分配；分發(fā)；用光；筋疲力盡；發(fā)出(聲音、信號(hào)等)giveoff放出；發(fā)出(光、熱、氣味等)giveaway泄露；贈(zèng)送——用give的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空①Itriedtopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking,butfailed．②Thechildrenwererequiredtogiveintheirexampapersimmediately．③Bicyclesareenvironmentallyfriendlybecausetheywon'tgiveoffwastegas．④Aftertwodays,ourfoodgaveout,andwehadtoreturntothecamp．——完成句子⑤Thatweekend,wewenttoanearbyneighbourhoodandgavethemawaytothepeoplethere．那個(gè)周末，我們?nèi)チ烁浇囊粋€(gè)社區(qū)并把它們捐贈(zèng)給那里的人們。9．makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚[素養(yǎng)佳句]Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood．這些便宜的大衣也很好，何必非買那件貴的不可。makesenseof了解……的意義；懂得makenosense沒(méi)道理；沒(méi)意義inasense在某種意義上commonsense常識(shí)innosense決不(用在句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)Thereisnosenseindoingsth．(口語(yǔ))做某事是沒(méi)有道理的。——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2021·浙江卷1月)Ihearhimmakingsenseoffriendshipanditslimits．②Thereisnosenseincomplaining(complain)．Weshouldtakeactionnow．③Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater．——詞匯升級(jí)TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcanhardlyunderstandthematall．④TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcanhardlymakesenseofthematall．10．makeadifference有作用或影響[素養(yǎng)佳句]Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactionscanwemakeadifferenceinwhateverwehopetoaccomplish．只有我們言行一致，才能對(duì)我們希望完成的事情有所突破。(1)makeadifferenceto對(duì)……有作用/有影響makesome/no/littledifference(to...)(對(duì)……)有/沒(méi)有/很少有作用或影響(2)tellthedifference(between...and...)辨別/區(qū)分(……與……)——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2022·北京卷)Hispresentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld．②Thetwinsaresoalike;it'sdifficulttotellthedifferencebetweenthem．——詞匯升級(jí)Iwillhelpcleanuptheroadsidelitterwheneverpossible．Ihopemybehaviourswillwork．③Iwillhelpcleanuptheroadsidelitterwheneverpossible．Ihopemybehaviourswillmakeadifference．11．compare...with/to...與……比較[素養(yǎng)佳句]IregularlycomparewhatIthinkwithwhatothershavethought．我經(jīng)常把自己的想法和別人的想法作比較。(1)comparevt．比較；匹敵；比喻n．比較compare...to...把……比作……comparedto/with...和……相比(通常作狀語(yǔ))beyond/withoutcompare無(wú)與倫比(2)comparisonn．比較；對(duì)照；比喻incomparisonwith與……相比——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2021·全國(guó)乙卷改編)Ageisnaturallyafactor(因素)—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto/with84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years．②(2023·浙江卷1月)Compared(compare)tootheralternatives,it'scomfortableandrelaxing．③Comparing(compare)Chinesecultureswithoverseasculturesisachallengingjob,butyouwilllearnalotfromit．——一句多譯比較不同品牌的質(zhì)量，你就知道該怎么做出選擇。④Comparethequalityofdifferentbrandsandyouwillknowhowtomakeachoice．(祈使句)⑤Comparingthequalityofdifferentbrands,youwillknowhowtomakeachoice．(動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))12．ratherthan連接兩個(gè)并列成分[素養(yǎng)佳句](2022·全國(guó)乙卷寫作)Therefore,studentsshouldsparemoretimeforEnglishreadingratherthanwatchingmoviesorlisteningtomusictoomuch．因此，學(xué)生應(yīng)該抽出更多的時(shí)間來(lái)閱讀英語(yǔ)，而不是看太多電影或聽(tīng)太多音樂(lè)。(1)ratherthan意為“與其；不愿；而不是”，連接兩個(gè)并列成分，可連接名詞、代詞、介詞（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)詞-ing形式及不定式。(3)orrather更確切地說(shuō),otherthan除……之外,morethan很，非常，超過(guò)，不僅僅——單句語(yǔ)法填空①YouratherthanIare(be)tomakeaspeechatthemeeting．②Mostmenprefertospendtheweekendsathomeratherthango(go)shopping．③Veryquickly,shelearnedtoappreciateliferatherthantojudge(judge)everythingsoharshly．——一句多譯如果我不得不放棄其中一個(gè)，我會(huì)關(guān)掉電視而不是關(guān)掉我的手機(jī)。④IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,IwouldprefertoturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphone．(prefer)⑤IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,IwouldratherturnofftheTVthanswitchoffmycellphone．(wouldrather)⑥IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,IwouldturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphone．(ratherthan)ratherthan連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)及其附屬成分時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與ratherthan前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。13．Sb．/Sth．seems/seemed＋不定式[素養(yǎng)佳句](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Thegentlebreezeandsingingbirdsseemtocheerforhim．柔和的微風(fēng)和歌唱的鳥(niǎo)兒似乎在為他歡呼?！癝b．/Sth．seems/seemed＋不定式”是固定句型，表示“某人/某物看來(lái)……/好像……”，該句型可轉(zhuǎn)化為Itseems/seemedthat...。含seem的相關(guān)句型，常用的還有：Itseems＋adj．/n．＋todosth．看起來(lái)好像……Itseemsasif/asthough...看起來(lái)好像……Thereseem(s)(tobe)...看起來(lái)像……——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theredoesn'tseemtobe(be)muchhopeofourbeatingthatteam．②Iseemtohaveleft(leave)mybookathome．③Itseemsdifficulttolearn(learn)somanynewwordsbyheartinashorttime．——同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Heseemstobefitforthepresentjob．④Itseemsthatheisfitforthepresentjob．選詞填空positive;cheat;evenif;workout;loseheart;comealong;makeit;nowandthen;cutout;fallapart;setagoodexample;failure1．Whentherightopportunitycomesalong,takeit．2．Theflightleavesintwentyminutes—we'llnevermakeit．3．WiththeQingDynastyfallingapart,itwasreplacedbyanewsystem．4．Shetookgoodcareofthepublicpropertyandsetagoodexampletoallofus．5．Nowandthen,littleJaneclimbedthehilltoseethetreethatshehadplantedwithherfather．6．Twosuitscanbecutoutofthispieceofmaterial．7．Ifyoucheatintheexam,youcouldhardlygetawaywithit．8．Pleasedon'tloseheart;youstillhavechances．9．Westudentsaswellasourteachersworkoutintheschoolgymnasiumeverymorning．10．Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,evenifhe'sinhisnineties．11．Ifyoustaypositive,youwillhaveashotatasilverlining．12．Hebrokedownashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhisnewspapers．Ⅰ．語(yǔ)境猜詞義1．(2022·浙江卷1月)Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevelwithacapacityof120wattsorhigher...n．健康2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)ThatistheonlyFrenchphraseImastered,andit'sashameIdon'thavemuchuseforit．vt．掌握3．(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements．Seehowawesomeyouare？n．優(yōu)點(diǎn)，長(zhǎng)處4．(2019·浙江卷6月)TheybecamethehottestthingonthepopmusicsceneinEngland．Theybeganasamodestlysuccessfulmusiciangroupandendedtheyearasshowbusinesslegends．n．傳說(shuō)Ⅱ．一詞多義1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Staffmembersholdplentyofbareventsforguests,likefreeshots,barcrawlsandkaraoke．CA．n．大事B．n．比賽項(xiàng)目C．n．公開(kāi)活動(dòng)2．(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport．AA．n．壓力B．n．緊張C．n．重音Ⅲ．完成句子1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)EvenifDaviddidn'tgetagoodplace,hewasstillhappy．即使大衛(wèi)沒(méi)有得到一個(gè)好名次，他仍然很高興。2．(2022·浙江卷6月寫作)Italsomademerealisethatoursmallactofkindnesscanmakethemfeelwarmandmakeagreatdifferencetothem．這也讓我意識(shí)到，我們小小的善舉可以讓他們感到溫暖，對(duì)他們產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。3．(2021·浙江卷1月寫作)I'mhonouredtobeheretoextendawarmwelcometoyouonbehalfofourschool．我很榮幸能在這里代表我們學(xué)校向你們表示熱烈的歡迎。4．(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷寫作)MrLiuoftenstressestheimportanceoflearningEnglishwell,whichhasagreatimpactonme．劉老師經(jīng)常強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的重要性，這對(duì)我有很大的影響。5．(2021·全國(guó)乙卷寫作)WhenIamfacedwithdifficultiesinlearning,Iwon'tpretendtohaveknownit,butturntomyclassmatesorteachers．當(dāng)我在學(xué)習(xí)中遇到難題時(shí)，我會(huì)向我的同班同學(xué)或老師求助，而不是不懂裝懂。6．(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷寫作)WhenIfailedtheexamlastmonthandwasinlowspirits,shetoldmenottoloseheartnomatterwhathappened．當(dāng)我上個(gè)月考試不及格，情緒低落時(shí)，她告訴我不管發(fā)生什么事都不要灰心。Ⅰ．單詞拼寫1．Itisessentialthatyourdiet(日常飲食)isvariedandbalanced．2．Hishardworkfinallypaidoffwhenhewonagoldmedal(獎(jiǎng)?wù)?attheOlympicGames．3．Iwasfortunateinbeingelectedcaptain(隊(duì)長(zhǎng))ofthatteam．4．Whentheteacherfoundhercheating(作弊)inthetest,Emilyfeltcompletelyataloss．5．Somepeoplefinditdifficulttomaster(掌握)ChineseandWesterneatinghabits．6．Thegirlreplacedherbrotherasavolunteertoservethesportsevents(比賽項(xiàng)目)．7．Nowadaysanycountrycantakepartiftheirathletes(運(yùn)動(dòng)員)aregoodenough．8．Attheendoftheparty,wethankedourhost(主人)andwentbackhome．9．Theworldchampion(冠軍)finishedmorethantwosecondsaheadofhisnearestrival．10．Hisbookreachedanevenwideraudience(觀眾)whenitwasfilmedfortelevision．Ⅱ．單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Asweallknow,takingregularexerciseisofgreatbenefittoourphysicalfitness(fit)．2．Tomakemembersoftheteamperformbetter,thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheirstrengths(strong)andweaknesses．3．Wecarefullycomparedthefirstreportwith/tothesecondone．4．Firefightersruntheriskofgettinginjured(injure)inaburningbuildingtosavepeople．5．Asweallknow,failure(fail)isthemotherofsuccess,soweshouldn'tbeafraidofmakingmistakes．6．Whenmymothercameback,Ipretendedtohavefallen(fall)asleep．7．Determined(determine)tobeaheadofothersinstudies,heworksharddayandnight．8．Thetrappedminersdidn'thaveenoughwaterandfoodtomakeitthroughtheweek．9．Inordertobemorecharmingandslimmer(slim),girlstendtogoonadiet．10．Severalcompanieshaveannouncedtheirintentiontocompetefortheproject．Ⅲ．補(bǔ)全句子1．事實(shí)上每個(gè)人都有似乎諸事不順的一段時(shí)期，因此你沒(méi)有必要太擔(dān)心。(主語(yǔ)＋seem＋不定式)Thetruthisthateveryonewillhaveoneofthoseperiodswhenthingsseemtobegoingwrong,soyoudon'thavetoworrysomuch．2．我們學(xué)校有兩個(gè)操場(chǎng)和一個(gè)大體育場(chǎng)，即使下雨我們也有機(jī)會(huì)做各種運(yùn)動(dòng)。(evenif)Therearetwoplaygroundsandabigstadiuminourschool,whichofferusanopportunitytodoavarietyofsportsevenifit'sraining．3．我們可以和來(lái)自其他學(xué)校的學(xué)生在世界青少年機(jī)器人技能競(jìng)賽中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。(compete)WecancompetewithstudentsfromotherschoolsintheWorldAdolescentRoboticsCompetition．4．當(dāng)他看見(jiàn)老師向他走來(lái)時(shí)，他打開(kāi)了書，假裝在看。(pretend)Whenhesawtheteachercomingtowardshim,heopenedthebook,pretendingtobereadingit．5．我們將在教室里開(kāi)會(huì)，而不是在大廳里。(ratherthan)Wewillhaveameetingintheclassroomratherthaninthehall．課時(shí)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)(四)必修第一冊(cè)UNIT3主題語(yǔ)境：體育活動(dòng)、大型體育賽事、體育與健康、體育精神Ⅰ．閱讀理解A(2022·湛江模擬)Tobogganing,orsledding(雪橇),likelycomesbeforethecolonisationofNorthAmerica．RecordsshowthatCanada'sFirstPeoplesusedsmallsledstotransporttheirbelongingsandfoodbetweencamps,RaymondFlowerwritesinTheHistoryofSkiingandOtherWinterSports．Butmodern-daysledracescantracetheiroriginsbacktotheSwissAlpsinthelate1800swhenBritishtouristsdecidedtoraceinwoodenluges(asledusedbyoneperson)thatlocalshadusedtotravelthroughsnow．TheoriginisdebatableinsnowynorthernNewYork,however,wherethere'sevidencethatAlbanyheldbobsled(asledusedbytwoormorepeople)racesasearlyas1885．Wherevertheybegan,sledracesquicklybecamepopular．ThefamousCrestaRun,namedaftertheSwisstownnearthebaseofitscourse,wasbuiltin1885usingsnowbanks．Thefirstorganisedcompetitionwasin1898,hostedbythefirstbobsledclubinnearbySt．Moritz(acityinSwitzerland)．Itwasthenthatsleddingbegantoseparatefromthelugetoincludetwonewsports:bobsledding,andskeletonsledding(俯式冰橇)．CrestaRunisconsideredthebirthplaceoftheskeleton,aparticularlydaringformofsledding．Unliketheluge,wherecompetitorsridefeet-firstonasledwithmetalrunners,theskeletonsleddingisasteelsledwithaslimappearance．Ridersliedownonthesledheadfirst,thendropsuddenlydownanicetrack．Bobsledding,meanwhile,involvesteamsoftwotofourinwhichthepersoninfrontcontrolsdirectionsandtheplayerinbackbrakeswhenneeded．Itearneditsnameaftercompetitorsstartedswingingbackandforthtospeedupthesled．Bobsleddinginitiallyovertookskeletonsleddinginpopularity,becomingoneofahandfulofsportsplayedatthefirstWinterGamesin1924．TheskeletonsleddingwaslimitedtotheCrestaRunfordecadesbecauseotherbobrunsaroundtheworldwerenotbuiltforthesteelskeletonsled．Butinthe1970s,adjustmentsweremadetoboththeskeletonandbobrunsinordertoincludetheeventatfuturewintergames．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了雪橇運(yùn)動(dòng)在瑞士的發(fā)展。1．WhatcanweinferaboutRaymondFlower?A．Heisawriter．B．Heisgoodatsledding．C．Heinventedthesleddingrace．D．Hesetthefirstrecordofsledding．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“RecordsshowthatCanada'sFirstPeoplesusedsmallsledstotransporttheirbelongingsandfoodbetweencamps,RaymondFlowerwritesinTheHistoryofSkiingandOtherWinterSports．”可以推斷出，RaymondFlower是一位作家。故選A。2．Howdoesskeletonsleddingdifferfromtheluge?A．Skeletonsleddingrunsonmetalrunners．B．Skeletonsleddingdoesn'thavebackbrakes．C．Ridersonskeletonsleddingsledwiththeirfeet．D．Skeletonsleddingneedsplayerstoliedownonitheadfirst．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Unliketheluge,wherecompetitorsridefeet-firstonasledwithmetalrunners,theskeletonsleddingisasteelsledwithaslimappearance．Ridersliedownonthesledheadfirst,thendropsuddenlydownanicetrack．”可知，俯式冰橇與無(wú)舵雪橇的不同之處是俯式冰橇需要運(yùn)動(dòng)員在滑行時(shí)頭朝下躺在上面。故選D。3．Whatlimitedthepopularityofskeletonsledding?A．Itsspecialshape．B．Itsspeed．C．Itssteelrunners．D．Itsunsuitableadjustments．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“TheskeletonsleddingwaslimitedtotheCrestaRunfordecadesbecauseotherbobrunsaroundtheworldwerenotbuiltforthesteelskeletonsled．”可知，俯式冰橇數(shù)十年來(lái)受限于克雷斯塔滑道是因?yàn)槠渌胤降难┣粱啦贿m合俯式冰橇，因此限制了俯式冰橇的普及的是它的鋼架。故選C。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Whyissleddingsopopular?B．HowdidsleddingdevelopinSwitzerland?C．Whataresleddingadventuresabout?D．HowdidpeoplekilltimeinNorthAmerica?B標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的內(nèi)容可知，文章介紹了雪橇運(yùn)動(dòng)在瑞士的發(fā)展，因此最佳題目是B項(xiàng)“HowdidsleddingdevelopinSwitzerland？”。故選B。B(2022·廣州模擬)Whenyouloveworkingout,takingabreakfromexercisecanseemawasteoftime—therearetrainingplanstofollowandgoalstobemet．So,what'stheproblem?Accordingtonewresearch,excessivetrainingcanbedamagingtomentalwell-being．“Thebenefitsofregularphysicalactivityarewell-established,butit'spossibletohavetoomuchofagoodthing，”saysJanet,anexpertatphysicaltraining．Buthowdoyouknowifyou'redoingtoomuch?“Over-exercisingcanmeantrainingfortoolongortoointenselywithoutenoughrestforyourpersonallimits，”shesays．“Someofusmayfeelunabletostop．”Indeed,oneresearchshowsalmost40percentofusfeelguiltyifwemissaworkoutandlessthan59percentregularlytakearestday．Soshouldyoubetakingmoretimeout?Byexercisingbeyondyourlimits,notonlycouldyouinjureyourbodyandreducemusclemass,youcouldalsoendupfeelinganxious,too．“Over-exercisingcanimpactyourmood,relationshipsandabilitytofunctioninotherareasofyourlife，”warnsJanet．“Exercisereleasesthestresshormonecortisol．Formostpeople,thiscanhelpyoubettermanagestresslevels．Over-exercising,however,canleadtoincreasedlevelsofcortisolinthebloodstreamwhichcanleadtopoorsleep,depressionandproblemswithmemoryandconcentration．”Stillnotconvinced?Ifyoufindithardtoputdownyourtrainers,you'renotalone．“Upto10percentofenduranceathletesareaffectedbyovertrainingsyndrome,withcommoneffectsincludingmusclesoreness,persistentfatigueandevenmentalbreakdown，”saysProfessorJames．“Inaddition,over-exercisingcanstimulatehyperinflammation,whichhasasevereeffectonbrainhealth．”Thereisasimplesolution,however．“Ithasbeenshownthatexhaustionmaybedelayedalmostindefinitelybyfrequentandregularshortbreaks，”assuresJames．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了過(guò)度鍛煉不僅對(duì)身體有害，還會(huì)損害心理健康，短暫休息一下可以緩解疲勞。5．WhatisJanet'sattitudetowardsexcessiveexercising?A．Favourable． B．Tolerant．C．Ambiguous． D．Disapproving．D觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘Over-exercisingcanimpactyourmood,relationshipsandabilitytofunctioninotherareasofyour