高考英語短文改錯技巧

短文改錯解題技巧

2021/5/9一、設(shè)錯方式1）錯詞2）多詞3）缺詞更正刪除補漏√2021/5/92二、改錯格式短文改錯（共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分）此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行作出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾（√）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：

此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉,在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞,并也用斜線劃掉。

此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。2021/5/93

短文改錯設(shè)題特點：給出一篇短文，一般都是以出自學生的書面表達為基本，文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

答題要求：增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。2021/5/94Weallhadagoodtimetoday.2.Icanreturntoschoolnow.3.Ilikeplayingpiano.4.Imajorataccounting.the∧into√2021/5/951.Gothroughthewholepassagetogetageneralidea.(瀏覽全文，掌握大意）2.Readthepassagesentencebysentenceandfindthemistakes.（分句閱讀，逐行找錯）3.Readthepassageforthethirdtime,checktheanswersandcorrectthedifficultones.（檢查核對，攻克難點）三、改錯步驟2021/5/96如何做短文改錯題

從句子的角度分析：（1）查時態(tài)是否一致1、Theyofferedmecoffeeandotherdrinks,

we

haveagoodtimetalkingandlaughing2、Myfavouritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourfootballteam.3、Irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.2021/5/97（2）查主謂是否一致1、Anyonemayborrowbooksand

itcost

nothingto…2、Playingfootballnotonly…but

alsogiveus…3、…clearupmysteries.Butthen

thereisalwaysmoremysteriestolookinto…2021/5/98（3）查指代是否一致1、Andthey

mustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.2、Iusedtolovescienceclass---allofthem---3、IlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthatithelpedme.2021/5/99（4）查上下文修飾語是否一致1、TheywanttoknowaboutChinaandaskmealotofquestion.

2、Westudyquiteafew

subject.3、Shesaidthatsheandmyclassmateall…4、I’llspendallthewholeweekendreadingandprepare

forit.5、Itwasverykindforthemtomeetme.2021/5/9105）查行文邏輯是否一致1、ItisaveryimportantexambutIcan’taffordtofailit.2、Mostpeoplecanquicklygetforhelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalsince

theyareill.3、Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.Iremembered.2021/5/911逐句找錯，錯在那里？主謂賓，定狀補，句子成分分清楚，非謂語，細辨別，固定搭配要記住。2021/5/912逐句找錯，錯在那里？動詞形，名詞數(shù)．還要注意形和副．代詞格，細領(lǐng)悟介詞短語須關(guān)注．冠詞連詞常光顧．2021/5/913此考點歸納的是除動詞時態(tài)與非謂語動詞之外的動詞考點，它包括被動語態(tài)、情態(tài)動詞、動詞形式的變化、動詞用法辨析、動詞be的誤加與漏用等。NMET2000：

Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.＿＿＿＿NMET’2003：Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.＿＿＿＿Ofcourse,whenmymotherwasasked,“Haveyou…”______are____————一、動詞形readwas2021/5/914Helieddownbythesideofthepathtorest.

(lied改為lay，lie表示“躺”時，其過去時是lay)(全國卷)(2)CharlesandLindawereseeingnearthetopofthebuilding.

(seeing改為seen，因為從含義上看，此處謂語應(yīng)用被動語態(tài))(全國卷)(3)Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.(keep改為kept，因此處要用被動語態(tài))(全國卷)2021/5/915(11)Itwasverycold.Thesnowliedthickontheground.(12)TherewillhaveanEnglishfilmintheschoolhalltonight.(13)Afterthat,theboydecidednottoasailor.(14)Aftersupper,myfatherwouldgooutforawalkandthencomebacktoseenewspapers.(15)Heartomecarefully.WhatI’msayingisveryimportant.laybebereadListen2021/5/916短文改錯的名詞考點主要涉及名詞的單復數(shù)問題，即在該用復數(shù)的地方誤用其單數(shù)，或在該用單數(shù)的地方誤用其復數(shù)。NMET2001：

…sothatI’llgetgoodmarks

inallmysubject.

＿＿＿＿NMET2003:Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome._____

subjectswords二、名詞數(shù)2021/5/917(1)Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream.(全國卷)(2)Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.WehavebeentoEuropemanytime.(3)Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillages.(4)Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimessoon.watertimeslibrariestime2021/5/918短文改錯對冠詞的考查主要涉及冠詞的誤加和漏用，有時也考查不定冠詞與定冠詞以及零冠詞的用法區(qū)別(包括a與an的區(qū)別)。其中，涉及最多的是，當一個單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時，其前漏用不定冠詞；另外，冠詞在一些習語中的用法也是一個重要考點

三、冠詞連詞常光顧Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.(4)Goodhealthisperson’smostvaluablepossession.anaa2021/5/919連詞常光顧Wetriedtofixitandtherewasnothingwecoulddo.ItoldMother,Father,Sister,allmyfriendsherewhatagreattimeIhad.ItisaveryimportantexambutIcan’taffordtofailit.

Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.

短文改錯對并列連詞的考查主要涉及and,but,or,so等幾個表示并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果等關(guān)系的詞語。嚴格說來，這類錯誤主要屬于行文邏輯的錯誤。butandandand2021/5/920NMET2004:Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly._______NMET2005:Heaskedangryifwehadfinishedthework.

______

quietangrily四、還要注意形和副2021/5/921

短文改錯對形容詞與副詞的考查主要涉及形容詞和副詞比較等級的誤用(尤其是在本身已是比較級的詞前誤加more)、形容詞與副詞的混用(如修飾動詞時誤用形容詞或修飾名詞時誤用副詞)等，另外，用作表語時該用形容詞的卻誤用了名詞、簡短副詞(如in,down等)的誤加與漏用、涉及形容詞搭配的as…as結(jié)構(gòu)、how與what的混用等也是?？嫉目键c。2021/5/922Afteranhourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightening.Charlessaid,“AssoonasIseearealtallbuilding,Iwanttoclimbit.LastSunday,policecarshurrytothetallerbuildinginNewYork.Asaresult,peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthepast.Forinstance,onenightheplayedstrongandloudlymusictillfouro’clockinthemorning.frightenedreallytallestloud2021/5/923

這是考查最多的錯誤形式之一。主要有現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞，動名詞和不定式錯誤。例如：NMET2001：

Myparentsloveme…andwilldoalltheycanmakesure…

＿＿＿＿NMET2002:

Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories._______NMET2003:SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.________

tovisitedtalking五、非謂語，細辨別2021/5/924

主要考查習慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識，其錯誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯誤。例如：NMET2000:Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacher._______NMET2003:Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.______aa六、習慣用法要記住2021/5/925不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類；不同的語境要選擇不同的詞語。只有對句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分作細致的分析，才能找出用詞不當?shù)腻e誤。例如：NMET2004:Idon’tknowthattheydon’t

liketotalkwithme.________NMET1997：IliveinBeijing，whereisthe

capitalofChina._________

whywhich七、句子成分分清楚2021/5/926(1)Inthelastfiveyearsthatthey’veclimbedchurches,highbuildingsandtelevisiontowers.(2)Charlessaid,“AssoonIseeareallytallbuilding,Iwanttoclimbit.

(1)Heisthemanhiscarwasstolen.(2)That’sthehotelwhichwewerestayinglastsummer.(3)That’sthepalacewherewevisitedlastsummer.(4)Isuddenlywokeupinmid-night.AnditwasalongtimeIgottosleepagain.(5)Inthepastfewyearswhenwe’veplantedthousandsoftreesalongtheriver.aswhosewhereWhich/thatbefore2021/5/927(1)Inthelastfiveyearsthatthey’veclimbedchurches,highbuildingsandtelevisiontowers.(2)Charlessaid,“AssoonIseeareallytallbuilding,Iwanttoclimbit.

(1)Heisthemanhiscarwasstolen.(2)That’sthehotelwhichwewerestayinglastsummer.(3)That’sthepalacewherewevisitedlastsummer.(4)Isuddenlywokeupinmid-night.AnditwasalongtimeIgottosleepagain.(5)Inthepastfewyearswhenwe’veplantedthousandsoftreesalongtheriver.aswhosewhereWhich/thatbefore2021/5/928短文改錯應(yīng)注意的問題

四不改:

①標點符號不改。②大小寫不改。③詞序錯誤不改。

（不是不改，而是按錯詞或少詞來改)。④在綱外生詞不改。文中出現(xiàn)帶漢語注釋的詞，在句中不可能用錯。

2021/5/929AtChristmasEve,Jimwentwithhis1._____fathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychoose2._____abigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!3._____Theyputtheminthecornerofthesitting4._________On_________chose_______tall_______it動詞形介詞短語常常考，習慣用法要記住還要注意形和副代詞格，細領(lǐng)悟2021/5/930room.Katewascovereditwithalotof5._____Christmaslight.Thesittingroomlooked6.____reallybeautifullyatthemoment.Therewas7.________afireburninginthefireplace,buttheChristmas8.____treelightswereshinningbrightly.Jimandhis9.____parentssinginganddancinghappily.10.____＼was＼_______lights_____________beautiful____and√∧were動詞形還要注意形和副動詞形名詞數(shù)冠詞連詞須關(guān)注2021/5/931小結(jié)做短文該錯應(yīng)采取三個步驟1.通讀短文，掌握大意2.細讀全文，逐一作答3.復讀全文，驗證答案2021/5/932短文改錯應(yīng)注意的問題

四不改:

①標點符號不改。②大小寫不改。③詞序錯誤不改（不是不改，而是按錯詞或少詞來改)。④在綱外生詞不改。文中出現(xiàn)帶漢語注釋的詞，在句中不可能用錯。

Don'tforget!2021/5/9332021/5/934Practicemakesperfect!熟能生巧2021/5/935

Ioftendreamofateacher.Idreamofstandingonthe76.______platformintheclassroomandgivelessonstolovelyboys77.______andgirls.Iteachthem,playwiththem,butwatchthem78.______growingup.IamalwaysyoungwhenIwasstaying79.______withthem.Iknowthereisnoteasytobeateacher.You80.______havetolearninordertoteach.Withoutenoughknowledges81.______youcanneverlearnwell.Whatismore,youhavetobe82.______friendswithyourpupilsandtakegoodcareofhim.83.______Onlyinthiswaycanyoubeagoodteacherandwin84.______respect