日照市莒縣2023年考研《英語一》全真模擬試卷含解析

日照市莒縣2023年考研《英語一》全真模擬試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Whenmyparentswerealive，theywerenotveryrich．Yettheyhelpedtheirtwoolder1timeaftertime．WhenDaddypassedaway，hisnotebookshoweddebts2fromseveralofhischildren．Iwasnotamongthem．I3borrowedmoneyandwhenIdid，Isetarepaymentplanand4toit．Itwasamatterof5withme．Icouldn’tstandowingmyparents-oranyoneelse-mmoneybecauseIwatchedthem6tohelpoutmyoldersisterswhentheywereinfinancialdifficultiesthemselves．Thesedays，afterthedeathofmyparents，Iamoneofthosepeoplewhocanbe7toforhelpwhentheyneedit．JustasIcan’tstand8otherpeoplemoney，Ican’tstandsayingnotowhoeverneedshelp．Idon’t9helpingothers，butIwouldbemorethangladiftheywouldmakea(n)10tohandlethingsthemselves，perhapsbydoingsome11planning-likeplanningnottospeendmoneytheydon’thave!Beingreadytohelpothersisa12，butsometimestheresultwillbe13towhatyouexpect．I14rememberasachildwhatmyfatheralwayssaid，“Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed，try，tryagain!”Helpingmychildrentoooftenhas15themfromlearningtokeeptrying．Useyour16：whoamongmychildrenwill17towalkifIsupplythemoneytobuyacar?Helpedoften，mychildrenlostgraduallytheabilityto18problemsthemselves．Inmost19，whenpeoplefindyoucan20help，theywillaskyoumoreandmore．That'shuman，youknow．1、A．sons B．daughters C．brothers D．sisters2、A．absent B．apart C．due D．different3、A．always B．seldom C．often D．never4、A．stuck B．attached C．agreed D．belonged5、A．pleasure B．courage C．pride D．sorrow6、A．struggle B．happen C．intend D．move7、A．referred B．turned C．seen D．attended8、A．cheating B．donating C．1ending D．owing9、A．enjoy B．mind C．1ike D．miss10、A．comment B．mess C．excuse D．effort11、A．financial B．flexible C．typical D．particular12、A．deed B．deal C．virtue D．task13、A．contrary B．essential C．potential D．necessary14、A．can B．may C．shall D．must15、A．banned B．protected C．prevented D．freed16、A．aHn B．leg C．body D．head17、A．wait B．urge C．threat D．choose18、A．solve B．assess C．seek D．analyse19、A．affairs B．choices C．cases D．events20、A．obtain B．attain C．provide D．preferSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Newsanchors(主播)musthavebeenreluctanttoreadoutthefollowingnews:XinXiaomengbeganworkingastheworld’sfirstfemaleartificial(人工的)intelligencenewsanchoratXinhuaNewsAgencyonSunday,threemonthsafteramalerobotjoinedtheprofession.Unlikepreviousnewsrobotsthough,Xindoesnotreadnewslikeacoldmachine;shereadsitalmostlikeahumanbeing.Themusclesonherfacestretchandrelax-andherreactionschange-asshecontinuesreading.That’swhymanynewsanchorswereworried:WillAIreplaceusinthenearfuture?Tofindtheanswer,wehavetoanalysethetechnologiesthatsupportXinatherjob.ThreekeytechnologiesareusedtosupportXin.First,samplesofhumanvoicesarecollectedandsynthesized(合成).Thisisfollowedbythecollectionandsynthesisofhumanmusclemovementsamples.AndthirdthevoicesandmovementsaremarriedinawaythatwhentheAlnewsanchorreads,themicro-electricmotorsbehindherfacemovetomakeherexpressionsseemmorehuman.Yetweneedathoroughknowledgeofdeepleaningtechnologytomakearobotimitateaperson’svoice.Thedeveloperneedstocollecttensofthousandsofpiecesofpronunciations,inputthemIntothemachineandmatchthemwiththetextortheAltoleanandread.Theprocessforimitatingfacialmovementsissimilar.Thedeveloperhastoanalysethemovementsofthe53musclesinthehumanface,makeamodelsetfromthecollecteddatafortheAInewsanchortolean,andimitatethemovementsoffacialmusclesviaprogramsBoththetechnologiesusedtomakeXin’sperformanceimpressivearemature.Therealdifficultyliesinthethird-thetechnologytomatchthepronunciationswithfacialmovementssothatXinexpressionsvaryaccordingtothecontentofthenewsreport.Infact,Xinsexpressionsdon'talwayschangeaccordingtothecontent.Asaresult,herexpressionslookanythingbuthuman.Actually.AIisstillnomatchforhumanqualities.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"reluctant"inthefirstparagraphmean?A．Delighted. B．Unwilling. C．Confused. D．Optimistic.2、Whatcanweinferaboutpreviousnewsrobots?A．Theyreadnewswithoutexpressions. B．TheylookedlikeahumanbeingC．Theycouldinterviewsportsstars D．Theycouldinteractwithaudience.3、Whatdoweknowaboutthethirdtechnology?A．ThistechnologyisveryperfectsofarB．ThistechnologyisquitepopularnowC．ThistechnologyremainsatthetheoreticalstageD．Thistechnologyisfarfrommature.4、Fromthelastparagraph,wecandrawaconclusionthat____.A．humannewsanchorsshouldlearnfromATanchorstosavetheirjobsB．AlanchorsperformmuchbetterthanhumannewsanchorsatpresentC．Alnewsanchorswon'treplacehumannewsanchorsinthenearfutureD．XinXiaomengsexpressionsvarysonaturallythattheyaretruetolifeText2ArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.AccordingtocourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld’sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas“remarkable.”Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry’sclassesforseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressingBarry’sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege,adesirethatBarryandhisstudentsenthusiasticallysupported.RatherthanenrollBina48inhisRobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead.LoveisaconceptBina48doesn’tunderstand,saidBarry.ThereforethechallengewouldbeforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass,”saidBarry.HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,is“fairlysimple—it’safeeling,”saidBarry.Buttherealitywasdifferent.Bina48endeduplearning“31differentversionsoflove,”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingwithartificialintelligenceinfuture.Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48’scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.1、WhatwasBina48’sperformancelikeinclass?A．Unattractive.B．Insignificant.C．Far-reaching.D．Extraordinary.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Givingaspeechto.B．Consultingwith.C．Dealingwith.D．Sendingaletterto.3、Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove.B．ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove.C．Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence.D．Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman.4、WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?A．Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher.B．Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.C．Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.D．Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.Text3TheChildrenandFamilyResearchCenter,locatedinIllinois,isanindependentresearchorganizationtopromotepublicchildwelfareresearchactivities.Thefollowingareour2018researchbriefs.TheChildEndangermentRiskAssessmentProtocol（CERAP）TamaraL.FullerCERAPisasafetyassessmentprotocol（協(xié)議）usedinchildprotectioninvestigationsandchildservicesinIllinois.Itisdesignedtoevaluatethepotentialharmtoachildandtakequickactiontoprotectchildren.Workersusetheprotocoltohelpfocustheirdecision-makingtodeterminewhetherachildissafewiththeirfamily,anddecidewhatactiontotaketoassurethechild’ssafety.10ThingstoKnowaboutChildWelfareSystemCatherine,Michael,andSteveInMarch2018,researchersMichaelandStevepartneredwithprofessorCatherinetopresentawebinar（在線研討會）titled10ThingstoKnowaboutChildWelfareSystem,focusedonexplainingthechildwelfaresystem.Topicsincludedprocessofmakingahotlinecall,waystosupportfamilieswhohaveexperiencedchildhoodsufferings.HighlightsfromtheChildDeathReviewTeamAnnualReportSteveandTamaraThisresearchbrieffocusesonthefindingsfromthemostrecentCDRTannualreportonchilddeathsinIllinoisin2016,presentingsummaryinformationaboutchilddeathsinIllinoisbyage,mannerofdeath,andcategoryofdeath,aswellasrecommendationstopreventchilddeaths.PromotingWidespreadImprovementinPracticeTedCrossandIritThisarticlebyCFRC’spsychologist（心理學家）TedCrossandDr.Iritexploresthecontributionofpsychologytochildprotectionandsuggestsopportunitiesforpsychologytocontributemore,choosing3selectedareas.Acrosstheseareas,psychologyhascontributedbothtotheknowledgebaseandtoavailableassessmentandintervention（干預）methods.1、Whicheventaimsatdeterminingthesafetyofchildrenwithinthefamily?A．PromotingWidespreadImprovementinPracticeB．10ThingstoKnowaboutChildWelfareSystemC．TheChildEndangermentRiskAssessmentProtocolD．HighlightsfromtheChildDeathReviewTeamAnnualReport2、Whowroteareportaboutpreventionofchilddeaths?A．SteveandTamara.B．Catherine,Michael,andSteve.C．TamaraL.Fuller.D．TedCrossandIrit.3、Whichofthefollowingdealswithchildprotectioninapsychologicalway?A．HighlightsfromtheChildDeathReviewTeamAnnualReportB．10ThingstoKnowaboutChildWelfareSystemC．TheChildEndangermentRiskAssessmentProtocolD．PromotingWidespreadImprovementinPracticeText4Herearesomefancyitemshighlyrecommendedtoyoutoenrichorimproveyourdailylife.BeautyofmushroomsArtistandphotographerJillBlisswillchangeyourviewofmushroomswithherphotos,whichyoucanfindathttp://bit.ly/mushroomphotos.Blissarrangesmushroomsandotherobjectssheseesinnaturealmostlikebunchesofflowers.OutintheStormAllthecomponentsofgreatpopmusic—excitingsongwriting,acommandingsinger,andabandthatplayswithtotalcommitment—arethereandshininglikediamondsonWaxahatchee’snewalbum,OutintheStorm.Inwhat’sturningouttobeaveryimpressiveyearforfemalebandleaders,writer/singerKatieCrutchfieldandherrockingall-femalebandareexperiencingonesuccessafteranother.CircaIfyou’retiredfromyourinternationalflight,tryingtorememberifthekidswillstillbeawakeforyourcallortoscheduleaconferencecallforwork,theappCircacanhelpyoukeeptrackoftimeindifferenttimezonesoftheworld.It’llgiveyouonelessthingtoworryabout.Theappis$3.99foriOSandfreeforAndroidusers.TheirFinestThemovieTheirFinest,setduringWorldWarⅡ,centersonthefilmdivisionoftheBritishMinistryofInformation,whereCatrinCole(GemmaArterton)isemployed,makingmoviesthatappealtowomen.FilmcriticPeterRainerwritesthat“thefilm’sbestcomiccharacterisAmbroseHilliard…performedwithplentyofplayfulfunbythatgreatscene-stealerBillNighy.”TheirFinestisavailableonDVDandBlu-ray.1、WhatdoweknowaboutKatieCrutchfield’sband?A．Itperformsfolkmusic.B．Itstargetaudienceiswomen.C．Itisanovernightsuccess.D．Itsmembersarefemale.2、WhatisthemainfunctionoftheappCirca?A．Totellworldtimeacrossdifferentplaces.B．Torecordusers’importantmeetings.C．Toremindusersofinternationalcalls.D．Torecommendoverseasflightstousers.3、WhichofthefollowingisoneofthecharactersinthemovieTheirFinest?A．GemmaArterton. B．AmbroseHilliard. C．PeterRainer. D．BillNighy.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Accordingtoarecentsurvey,violencedidexistinschoolsStudentsshowedtheirfearandparents1．teachersalsoexpressedtheirgreatconcernaboutitExpertssuggestmoreattention2．(pay)toitbythewholesocietyforthementalhealthofadolescents．Nowadays,schoolviolenceis3．hotissueIthinkthisisaphenomenon,4．callsforourgreatconcernWeshouldtryeveryeffort5．（prevent）violencehappeningatschoolformoreandmorestudentswoulddropoutofschooliftheirpersonal6．（safe）couldnotbeguaranteedInfact,violencecanbelearnedChildrenlearnviolentbehaviorfromadultsorfrom7．theyseeontelevisionorontheInternet．IfImeetwithschoolviolence,Iwillnotanswerviolence8．violence,foritwillresultin9．（much）fightingIwilltellmyteachersorparentsaboutitIthinktheywillhelpmedealwithitwellandtheywillprotectmefromthebadguys．Allinall,everystudentshouldbehave10．（he）andkeepawayfromviolence．MakingdecisionscanbeveryhardIt’seasytoget1．(lose)inwhatshouldorshouldnotbedoneratherthanactuallymakingthedecisionWhenyouhavesomethingimportant2．(decide),trythisOkay,youhaveadecisiontomakeGetoutapieceofpaperOnonesideofthepaper,writedownthepositiveoutcomes3．willfollowthisdecisionOn4．othersideofthepaper,writedownthenegativeonesLookateverythingyouhavewrittendown,weighingit,andgive5．(you)sometimetomakeyourchoicesIt’sasimpledecision-makingprocess,6．thatdoesnotmeanyourchoiceisgoingtobeeasyTogainnewideas,askotherpeopleyourespect7．theiradviceandopinions,afterdescribingthedecisionyouarefacingSpeakopenlywithyourfamilyandtrusted8．(friend)Thiscanbe9．(help)becauseanotherpersoncanmakethesituationclearby10．(offer)anunexpectedopinionSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)You'veprobablyheardthephrase"gooutsideandgetsomefreshair"before．Breathingfreshaircanmakeusfeelmoreenergetic．1、．AccordingtoanewstudyfromtheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO），nineoutofevery10peopleontheplanetbreathepollutedaireveryday．Pollutedaircangetdeepinsideyourlungswhenyoubreathe，causingdiseaseslikelungcancerandheartdisease．Around7millionpeopledieeveryyearfrombreathingpollutedair．2、，mainlyinAsiaandAfrica．Amongtheworld's20mostpollutedcities，14areinIndia．Someofthebiggestsourcesofairpollutionincludefactoriesandvehicles．Insomeregions，sandanddesertdust，aswellastheburningofwaste，alsocauseairpollution．3、．Morethan40percentoftheworld'spopulationisstillusingwoodstoves（木柴爐）oropenfirestomakemealsandheattheirhomes．Thiscreatesharmfulparticles（顆粒）andgasesindoors．4、．Indiahasprovided37millionpoorpeoplewithfreeliquifiedPetroleumgas（液化石油氣），whileMexicoCityhascreatedcleanervehiclestandards．MariaNeira，theWHO'sheadofpublichealth，saidChinahassetagoodexampletotheworldinimprovingairquality．"5、，"shesaid．A．Morethan90percentofthesedeathshappeninlow-incomeandmiddle-incomecountriesB．Althoughthisproblemisserious，thegoodnewsisthatcountriesaretakingactiontofightitC．Anotherlargesourceofairpollutioncanbefoundinsomepeople'shomesD．However，noteveryoneintheworldhasthechancetoenjoyitE．AirpollutionisaseriousproblemaroundtheworldF．ThereisabigstepatthegovernmentlevelinChinadeclaringwaronairpollutionG．PeoplewhoworkoutdoorsaremoredirectlyharmedbyairpollutionBeingateenagercanbetough.“Troubled”and“rebellious(叛逆的)”areoftenlabelsthatpeoplegivekidsintheirteens.Thereareevenscientifictheoriesexplainingthatthelikelihoodofteenagerstakingisduetothefactt