2019外研社版高中英語選修二 Unit 6 Survival 知識清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認讀foxn.狐貍seasideadj.海濱的predatorn.掠食動物,捕食性動物newcomern.新來者flourishv.生長茂盛,興盛containern.容器lambn.羔羊肉garlicn.(大)蒜migratoryadj.遷徙的kitn.成套工具clayn.黏土caven.洞穴heatwave酷熱期,熱浪期indoorsadv.在室內(nèi)fueln.燃料supplementv.補充,增補,增加eliminatev.消除,根除firefightern.消防隊員blazen.烈火,大火fierceadj.惡劣的,極端的Marsn.火星wipev.擦,拭,揩nuclearadj.核武器的hostileadj.(生長環(huán)境)惡劣的unmannedadj.無人駕駛(操縱)的spacecraftn.航天器,宇宙飛船orbitv.環(huán)繞……運行stunningadj.極具吸引力的;令人驚奇的astronautn.航天員,宇航員,太空人dustn.沙土,塵土capsulen.(航天器的)密封艙,太空艙trunkn.樹干重點單詞識記suburbn.郊區(qū),城郊thiefn.小偷,賊urbanadj.城鎮(zhèn)的,城市的garbagen.垃圾estimatev.估計,估算crucialadj.至關(guān)重要的,關(guān)鍵性的agencyn.機構(gòu);(尤指政府內(nèi)的)局,部,處inferv.推斷,推定核心詞匯拓展crimen.罪,罪行→criminaln.罪犯adj.犯罪的greedyadj.貪婪的,貪心的;渴望的→greedn.貪婪;渴望→greedilyadv.貪心地,貪婪地commitv.犯(錯誤或罪行)→commitmentn.承諾;花費;獻身;投入→committedadj.盡心盡力的;堅定的;堅信的appreciatev.欣賞;賞識;鑒賞→appreciationn.欣賞;感激→appreciativeadj.贊賞的;感激的restrictv.限制,控制→restrictionn.限制;限定→restrictiveadj.限制性的hikern.徒步旅行者,遠足者→hikev.去遠足optimisticadj.樂觀的;樂觀主義的→optimismn.樂觀主義→pessimisticadj.(反)悲觀的consumptionn.(精力、油、電等的)消耗量→consumev.消耗→consumern.消費者reactvi.(作出)反應,回應→reactionn.反應,回應monthlyadj.每月一次的→monthn.月,月份advancedadj.先進的,高級的→advancevi.前進;取得進展n.進展,進步terrifyingadj.極其可怕的,駭人聽聞的→terrifiedadj.害怕的→terrifyv.使害怕→terrorn.恐怖,恐懼consistv.由……組成→consistentadj.一致的exposev.使暴露(于險境)→exposuren.暴露,顯露→exposedadj.暴露的核心短語速記inone’sway擋某人的路outofreach夠不到underconstruction在建設(shè)之中fitinwith適應;與……一致getatastefor嘗一嘗;體驗;感受crashinto撞擊,闖入amountto總計splitup分開copewith應付(某種情況)bring...undercontrol使……處于控制之下getridof擺脫,除去wipeout徹底摧毀,消滅consistof由……組成,由……構(gòu)成inthemeantime在此期間,與此同時innocentadj.清白的;無辜的insertvt.插入insightn.洞察力,洞悉,深刻見解inspectvt.檢查;檢驗;審視instantaneousadj.瞬間的,即刻的instructvt.通知;指示instructionn.說明,須知;教導instrumentaladj.起作用的;用樂器演奏的insurancen.保險integraladj.構(gòu)成整體所必需的,基本的Withnowhereelsetomaketheirhomes,theyhavenochoicebuttomoveinwithus.(havenochoicebuttodo)由于無處安家,它們別無選擇只能搬來和我們一起住。Asourcitiesbecomegreener,theyofferincreasinglyappealingspacestoanimalslookingfornewhabitats.(as引導時間狀語從句)隨著我們的城市環(huán)境變得更好,它們?yōu)閷ふ倚聴⒌氐膭游锾峁┝嗽絹碓轿说目臻g。Thereisevidencethaturbanracoonsaremoreintelligentthantheirwildcousins...(that引導同位語從句)有證據(jù)表明,城市里的浣熊比它們的野生近親更聰明……Onlythencanwelooktowardsharmoniouslysharingoururbanhabitats.(“only＋狀語”置于句首的倒裝句)只有那時,我們才能期待和諧地共享我們的城市棲息地。Oneoptionistoexploreotherplanetstoseeifwecouldliveonthem.(if引導賓語從句)一種選擇是探索其他星球,看看我們能否在上面生活。ThereisnodoubtthathumankindisdrawntowardsMars,withdreamsofmakingitoursecondhome.(There’snodoubtthat...)毫無疑問,人類被火星吸引,夢想著把它作為我們的第二個家園。請先從表格中選用本單元所學詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。inthemeantime,wipeout,copewith,expose,getridofLivingintheurbanareas,whenyoufeelstressed,howwillyou1.copewithit?WheneverIfeeldown,Iusuallygotothesuburbasahikerto2.getridofmypressure.3.Exposedtotheblueskyandfreshair,Itakeagreedybreath.Duringthemonthlyhike,IappreciatewhateverIcansee,which4.wipesoutmystress.5.Inthemeantime,mymentalconditionreactstothesurroundingsactively.Igetbackmyoptimisticattitudetolifeandworkandcanbringeverythingundercontrol,whichfuelsmetogoahead.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯appreciatev.欣賞;賞識;感激,感謝;理解;意識到(appreciationn.欣賞;感激;理解)appreciatedoing...欣賞/感激做……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……我將不勝感激。inappreciationof欣賞;感激Iappreciatedbeinggiven(give)theopportunitytoworkinthesuburbtwoyearsago.Pleaseacceptthisgiftinappreciation(appreciate)ofallyou’vedoneforus.如果你考慮我的建議我將感激不盡,我的確希望你的論文對環(huán)境保護有所幫助。(應用文寫作之建議信)I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemytips/suggestions/adviceintoaccount/considerationandIdohopethatyourpaperwillmakeadifferencetoenvironmentalprotection.用法點撥appreciate后不接不定式;其后只能接“事”作賓語,而不能接“人”作賓語;且其后不直接跟從句,需先接it,再接從句,類似用法的動詞還有：like,enjoy,hate,love,take,have等。reactvi.反應;作出反應;回應(reactionn.反應;回應)reactto對……作出反應reactagainst反對;反抗reactwith與……起化學反應Ican’timaginehowmysisterwillreacttothenewsthatshewillbeemployedbythebigfirmintheurbandistrict.Thechemistryteachershowsushowironreactswithairandwater.父親的反應讓我很驚訝,我想知道他怎么能如此鎮(zhèn)靜。(讀后續(xù)寫之情感描寫)Myfather’sreactionastonishedme.Iwasanxioustoknowhowhecouldbesocalm.terrifyingadj.令人恐懼的;極其可怕的,駭人聽聞的(terrifiedadj.恐懼的;害怕的terrifyvt.使恐懼,使驚嚇terrorn.驚恐,恐懼)beterrifiedof對……感到驚恐beterrifiedat/by/with...被……嚇了一跳interror驚慌地terrifysbintodoing...嚇唬某人做……Thegreedygunman’sthreatsterrifiedherintohanding(hand)overhermoney.Afterhisterrifying(terrify)adventure,Macfeltrelievedwhenhereachedhomesafeandsound.我非常害怕,覺得兩腿發(fā)抖,手心冒汗。(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)Extremelyterrified,Ifeltmylegstremblingandmypalmssweating.consistv.組成;構(gòu)成;在于;一致(consistentadj.一致的;連續(xù)的)consistof(＝bemadeupof,becomposedof)由……組成consistin(＝liein)在于……;存在于……consistwith和……一致beconsistentwith與……一致;符合Wecaninferfromthepassagethattruewealthdoesnotconsistinwhatwehavebutinwhatweare.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistent(consist)basis.(2020新高考全國Ⅰ)這個電影由兩部分組成,介紹了我校的現(xiàn)狀。Thefilm,whichconsistsof/ismadeupof/iscomposedoftwoparts,introducesthepresentsituationofourschool.Thefilm,consistingof/madeupof/composedoftwoparts,introducesthepresentsituationofourschool.(分詞短語作定語)(定語從句)exposev.使置身于危險中;暴露;揭露;使曝光(exposuren.暴露,顯露exposedadj.無遮蔽的;無保護的)exposesth/sb/oneselfto...使某物/某人/自己暴露于……beexposedto暴露于;經(jīng)受Beingexposed(expose)tothegarbagefortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourhealth.Somepeoplethinkweshouldn’texposechildrentoplaying(play)computergames.Asshewasexposedtosuchloudmusic,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.→Exposedtosuchloudmusic,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫)→Exposingherselftosuchloudmusic,thegirlfeltalittleuncomfortable.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)that引導同位語從句Thereisevidencethaturbanracoonsaremoreintelligentthantheirwildcousins...有證據(jù)表明,城市里的浣熊比它們的野生近親更聰明……that引導的同位語從句常作news,fact,hope,idea,suggestion,promise,truth等名詞的同位語。that引導同位語從句和定語從句時的區(qū)別在于：引導定語從句時,that為關(guān)系代詞,在從句中作主語或賓語,有意義;而引導同位語從句時,that在從句中只起引導詞的作用,不作成分,沒有意義。Theideathattheintelligentrobotscanreacttohumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.Hemadeapromisetohissonthat/whichmadehissonexcitedallday.這些年來地球逐漸變暖的事實,使許多科學家感到擔憂。Thefactthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyearshasworriedmanyscientists.(2022全國乙)VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.帶有先進傳感器和人工智能的小型無人機,在火車前面行駛的話,就可以像副駕駛員一樣指引火車。(2022全國乙)Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodiesexposed.他們通常只用手遮住眼睛,身體的其他部分都暴露在外。(2021新高考全國Ⅰ)Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyouappreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework.這種工作能讓你學會重視自己的勞動所得,并尊重做那些工作的人。(2021天津第二次筆試)Mohaniscautiousaboutthisapproach,yetshesupportsthepurposebehindthesedigitalbeingsandisoptimisticaboutwheretheyareheaded.Mohan對這種方法持謹慎態(tài)度,但她贊成這些數(shù)字存在背后的目的,并對他們的未來持樂觀態(tài)度。(2020新高考全國Ⅰ)AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.根據(jù)《消費者研究雜志》最近的一項研究,我們吃飯同伴的體型和消費習慣都會影響我們的食物攝入量。(2020浙江1月)SchooluniformsaretraditionalinBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.穿校服在英國是傳統(tǒng),但一些學校已經(jīng)開始擺脫這種穿校服的傳統(tǒng)了。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙advanceA.vt.提高,促進B.vi.前進;向前移動C.adj.預先的D.n.進步Thecrazymanadvancedtowardsus,shoutingangrily.BBycomparison,thisnewlearningmethodadvancedourcareer.AThelastdecadesawmanyadvancesintechnology,andthenextfewyearswillseemore.DPleasegiveusadvancewarningofanychanges.C快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。Apparently,highsalarieshelpedtofuelinflation.刺激Thedoctoradvisedmetotakeacapsulethismorning.膠囊核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識It’sestimatedthatinthepast50yearsaround80percentofBeijing’scourtyardhouseshavebeenwipedout.Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeitrestricted(restrict)whenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.Itwouldbesaferforahiker(hike)towearapairofjeansorpants.Itisinferred(infer)thatecologyhasbeendamagedinthisarea.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldmakehelpfulcommentsonmywork.Ifcircumstancespermit,Iwillgoontalkingaboutthecrucialproblem,whichisdifficulttocopewith.Itiscrucially(crucial)importantthatwetakeactiontotackletheincident.Thoughhegotwhathehadwanted,helookedattheshopwindowwithgreedy(greed)eyes.MrWangisjustoneofthevictims,fromwhosehousesthieves(thief)stolesubstantialsumsofmoney.Tohismother’sdelight,hemadeagreatadvanceinEnglish.單句寫作——應用文增分練(感謝即將回國的友人曾經(jīng)提供幫助)我寫信是為了對你的幫助表示衷心的感謝。(appreciation)Iamwritingtoconveymysincereappreciationtoyouforyourhelp.兩個月前我的腿受傷時,我別無選擇,只能待在醫(yī)院里,情緒低落。(havenochoicebuttodo)WhenIhadmyleginjuredtwomonthsago,Ihadnochoicebuttostayinhospital,inlowspirits.如果不是因為你每天幫助我在線學習,我不可能順利地學習英語。(that引導同位語從句)Ifithadn’tbeenforthefactthatyouhelpedmelearnEnglishonlineeveryday,Icouldn’thavemademyEnglishstudygosmoothly.毫無疑問,是你不斷的鼓勵和積極的生活態(tài)度引導我走出低落的情緒。(There’snodoubt...)Thereisnodoubtthatitisyourconstantencouragementandpositiveattitudetowardslifethatguidemeoutoflowspirits.我想知道你回國后是否會繼續(xù)與我保持聯(lián)系,并希望我們永遠是朋友。(if引導賓語從句)IwonderifyouwouldkeepintouchwithmewhenyougobacktoyourowncountryandIhopethatwecanbefriendsforever.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]動作描寫appreciatev.欣賞,賞識;感激restrictv.限制wipev.擦,拭copewith應對,應付getridof擺脫,除去人物描寫greedyadj.貪婪的optimisticadj.樂觀的firefightern.消防人員newcomern.新來者環(huán)境描寫seasideadj.海濱的n.海邊heatwave熱浪期,酷熱期hostileadj.(生長環(huán)境)惡劣的dustn.塵土,沙土[續(xù)寫語料運用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。去年夏天有一場熱浪,我父母帶我去海邊玩了幾天。爸爸建議我們在海里沖浪,但我認為我不能應付這種情況。我認為我什么也不擅長,只能欣賞別人表演。“來吧,”爸爸鼓勵我。掙扎了一會兒之后,我決定試一試,竟然成功了。只有當我在沖浪后擦拭身上的水時,我才意識到我應該樂觀并且相信自己。Therewasaheatwavelastsummerandmyparentstookmetospendafewdaysattheseaside.Mydadsuggestedthatwe(should)surfinthesea,butIdidn’tthinkIcouldcopewiththissituation.IthoughtIwasn’tgoodatanythingandcouldonlyappreciateothers’performances.“Comeon,”mydadencouragedme.Afterstrugglingforamoment,Idecidedtohaveatryandsurprisinglymadeit.OnlywhenIwipedthewateronmeaftersurfingdidIrealizeIshouldbeoptimisticandbelievemyself.詞形變化填空(每小題2.5分,共15分)Ididn’timagineheshouldhavereactedsostronglywhenhewasexposedtostress,andhisreactionannoyedmostofus.(react)Withthehelpoftheadvancedtechnology,thefirefighterscancompletethetaskinadvance.(advance)ThroughTV,kidshaveregularexposuretoviolence.Itisbadtoexposekidstosuchthingsandweshouldmakekidsexposedtosomegoodbooks.(expose)Amongallthepeopleweshouldappreciate,ourparentsaretheoneswhodeserveourappreciationmost.(appreciate)Expertsadviseconsumersnottobuymoregroceriesuntilthey’vealreadybeenconsumed.Thisiscalledrationalconsumption.(consume)Hearingtheterrifyingnews,shewasterrifiedofgoingoutaloneatnight.(terrify)選詞填空(每小題2.5分,共15分)inthemeantime;copewith;bring...undercontrol;wipeout;consi