老高考適用2023高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一編教材回眸Unit10Money北師大版

Unit10Money晨起第一事背誦經(jīng)典句1．Itiseasiertogetmoneythantokeepit.掙錢容易攢錢難。2．Moneyburnsaholeinyourpocket.錢燒口袋漏，一有就不留。3．Advertisingmaybedescribedasthescienceofarrestinghumanintelligencelongenoughtogetmoneyfromit.廣告可被視為一種長久蒙蔽人類智慧以期從中賺錢的技巧。4．ConsumerspaymembershipfeestohaveearlyaccesstoTVseriesonvideoplatforms.消費(fèi)者支付會員費(fèi)以享受提前在視頻平臺上觀看劇集的權(quán)利。Ⅰeq\a\vs4\al(核心單詞)(1)motivate(vt.)使有動機(jī)；促使；激發(fā)→motivated(adj.)積極的，主動的→motivation(n.)動機(jī)，積極性→motivational(adj.)激發(fā)動機(jī)的，動機(jī)的(2)technique(n.)技術(shù)，技巧→technology(n.)技術(shù)，科學(xué)技術(shù)→technological(adj.)技術(shù)的→technologically(adv.)技術(shù)上(3)achievement(n.)成就，完成→achieve(vt.)實(shí)現(xiàn)，完成→achievable(adj.)可完成的，可達(dá)到的(4)exist(vi.)存在，生存→existence(n.)存在(5)variety(n.)多樣化，多樣性→vary(vt.)變化→various(adj.)各種各樣的，多樣的→variously(adv.)以各種方式；不同地(6)defeat(vt.)戰(zhàn)勝，擊敗(7)determine(vt.)決定，確定→determined(adj.)堅(jiān)決的；決定了的→determination(n.)決定(8)concern(vt.)使憂慮；與……相關(guān)→concerned(adj.)關(guān)心的→concerning(prep.)關(guān)于(9)aware(adj.)知道的，意識到的→awareness(n.)知道；認(rèn)識；意識；興趣(10)rude(adj.)粗魯?shù)?，無禮的→rudely(adv.)粗魯?shù)?，無禮地→rudeness(n.)無禮，粗魯(11)bargain(n.&vi.)便宜貨；討價還價(12)product(n.)產(chǎn)品，出品→produce(vt.)生產(chǎn)，制造(n.)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品→production(n.)(文化)產(chǎn)品[U]產(chǎn)量(13)enthusiastic(adj.)熱情的；很感興趣的→enthusiasm(n.)熱情(14)clothing(n.)(總稱)衣服→cloth(n.)布，布料→clothes(n.)衣服(15)comment(vt.&vi.)評論(16)amusement(n.)樂趣，娛樂活動→amuse(vt.)使快樂→amused(adj.)感到快樂的→amusing(adj.)令人快樂的(17)appeal(vi.)吸引，引起興趣；呼吁；懇求→appealing(adj.)吸引人(18)contain(vt.)包含，含有→container(n.)容器(19)remove(vt.)移開，挪走→removal(n.)移動，搬遷；除去→remover(n.)搬運(yùn)工，去除劑(20)importance(n.)重要(性)→important(adj.)重要的(21)puzzle(vt.)使困惑→puzzled(adj.)困惑的，感到困惑的→puzzlement(n.)疑惑，困惑(22)advance(vi.)前進(jìn)，取得進(jìn)展→advanced(adj.)先進(jìn)的，高級的→advancement(n.)促進(jìn)，進(jìn)展(23)freedom(n.)自由→free(adj.)自由的，空閑的，免費(fèi)的→freely(adv.)自由地(24)replace(vt.)代替，取代→replaceable(adj.)可替代的，可置換的Ⅱeq\a\vs4\al(閱讀單詞)(1)native(adj.)出生地的，本土的(n.)當(dāng)?shù)厝?，土著?2)fluently(adv.)流利地，流暢地→fluent(adj.)流利的，熟練的→fluency(n.)流利，流暢(3)wallet(n.)錢包，皮夾子→purse(n.)(同義詞)錢包(4)second－h(huán)and(adj.)舊的，用過的，二手的(5)hardworking(adj.)勤奮的，努力工作的(6)pleased(adj.)滿意的，高興的(7)drunk(adj.)(酒)醉的→drink(vi.&vt.)喝酒，喝(8)greedy(adj.)貪婪的，貪心的→greed(n.)貪婪，貪欲→greedily(adv.)貪婪地，貪心地(9)cigarette(n.)香煙→cigar(n.)雪茄(10)necklace(n.)項(xiàng)鏈(11)ashamed(adj.)慚愧的，羞愧的(12)firm(adj.)穩(wěn)固的，牢固的→firmly(adv.)穩(wěn)固地，堅(jiān)固地(13)annoy(vt.)使煩惱，打攪→annoyance(n.)煩惱，討厭的事→annoyed(adj.)煩惱的，氣惱的→annoying(adj.)令人厭煩的，討厭的(14)balance(n.)平衡→balanced(adj.)平衡的(15)behave(vi.)舉止，表現(xiàn)→behavior(n.)行為，舉止[單句語法填空]1.Theseyoungsters(motivate)notbyadesiretoachieve,butbyfearoffailure.答案：aremotivated2．Thiscountrycameinto(exist)asanindependentcountryafterthewar.答案：existence3．Theschoolhasreceived(variety)grantsfromtheeducationdepartment.答案：various4．Herhumourand(determine)wereasourceofinspirationtoothers.答案：determination5．Heis(concern)abouthowlittlefoodIeat.答案：concerned6．Hearingthenews,shehasa(puzzle)lookonherface.答案：puzzled7．Howtoimprovethequalityof(produce)wasadifficultproblemtohim.答案：products8．Shecouldnothideher(amuse)atthewayhewasdancing.答案：amusement9．It'samatterofgreat(important);Iwouldadviseyoutothinkcarefully.答案：importance10．Thisresearchhasdonemuch(advance)ourunderstandingoflanguagelearning.答案：toadvance1．n.＋－y構(gòu)成的合成詞①noise→noisy喧鬧的，嘈雜的②cloud→cloudy陰天的③wind→windy多風(fēng)的④rain→rainy多雨的⑤sun→sunny陽光充足的⑥snow→snowy多雪的⑦luck→lucky幸運(yùn)的⑧health→healthy健康的⑨friend→friendly友好的⑩love→lovely可愛的?day→daily每日的?fun→funny滑稽的，有趣的2．以－tic結(jié)尾的形容詞①enthusiastic熱情的，熱心的②realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的，逼真的③idealistic理想的，唯心的④atheistic無神論的，無神論者⑤dramatic急劇的，戲劇的1．putoff推遲2．a(chǎn)tpresent目前；現(xiàn)在3．bedeterminedtodosth決定做某事4．beconcernedabout關(guān)心……5．bepleasedwith對……感到滿意6．giveaway贈送；泄露7．dropout退出，退學(xué)8．a(chǎn)ppealto吸引9．makealiving謀生10．what'smore此外，更重要的是11．gothrough穿過，通過12．beassociatedwith與……有聯(lián)系13．outofwork失業(yè)14．inadvance提前[選詞填空]putoff，atpresent，bedeterminedto，beconcernedabout，what'smore，bepleasedwith，giveaway，appealto，gothrough，beassociatedwith1．Ifanything,swimmingwillhermoststrongly.答案：appealto2．TheymovetoLiaochengthissummer.答案：weredeterminedto3．，moneyisasignofpowerandstatus.答案：What'smore4．Imycollectionofstampstothelittleboy.答案：gaveaway5．Whenyouacrisis,itoftenhelpstotalktosomeone.答案：aregoingthrough6．Thecommitteeplayers'behaviour,especiallyarguingwithreferees.答案：isconcernedabout7．Theitemyouwantisnotavailable.答案：atpresent8．Hehimselfforhavingrememberedmyname.答案：waspleasedwith9．Pleaseremindeverybodythattomorrow'svolleyballmatchbecauseoftheheavyrain.答案：hasbeenputoff10．Inthechildren'smindssummerbeautifulsceneryandpicnics.答案：isassociatedwith“be＋adj.＋with”組成的短語①bepleasedwith對……感到滿意②behappywith對……感到滿意③befamiliarwith熟悉……④besatisfiedwith對……感到滿意⑤bemadwith對……生氣⑥beangrywith生某人的氣⑦bebusywith忙于……⑧bepopularwith受……的歡迎⑨bestrictwith對……嚴(yán)格要求⑩beboredwith對……感到厭煩?begoodwith擅長；與……相處很好?befriendlywith與……很友好?beassociatedwith與……有聯(lián)系課文原句句式梳理仿寫訓(xùn)練1.Charlesbelievesthatmanypeoplewanttoearnalotofmoneysothattheywillnothaveanyworries.查爾斯認(rèn)為，很多人想賺很多錢，這樣他們就不會有任何煩惱。(P8)主句＋sothat＋含有情態(tài)動詞的目的狀語從句IsetupthecomputerIcouldworkathome.我把電腦設(shè)置好，這樣我就可以在家辦公了。2.Well,ifbuyingabagofcandiesorcookiesdoesn'tappealtoyou,howaboutbuyingatreeinstead?嗯，如果買一包糖果或餅干對你沒有吸引力，那買一棵樹怎么樣？(P12)本句主句howabout相當(dāng)于whatabout...？是征求對方意見或想法的常用句型Ifshedoesn'tcometoday,？如果她今天不來的話，那我們把討論推遲到明天，怎么樣？答案：1.sothat2.howaboutputtingoffthediscussiontilltomorrow①motivatevt.使有動機(jī)，促使，激發(fā)(P4)(1)單句語法填空①Theplanisdesigned(motivate)employeestoworkmoreefficiently.②Headmitsthathelacks(motivate)andisalwaysunwillingtolearnvoluntarily.答案：①tomotivate②motivation(2)單句寫作Theprofit-sharingplanisdesigned.利潤分紅計(jì)劃旨在促使員工努力工作。答案：tomotivatethestafftoworkhard(1)bemotivatedby 受……的驅(qū)使motivatesbtodosth激勵某人做某事(2)motivationn.動力，積極性；動機(jī)②defeatvt.戰(zhàn)勝，擊敗(P6)(1)單句語法填空①Theenemy(defeat)byusatsea.②Thegamewasover,andourteamwonthevictory,(defeat)theteamfromanothercity.答案：①wasdefeated②defeating(2)單句寫作Tobehonest,weinanyEnglishexams.說實(shí)在的，我們在各種英語考試中從來都沒有擊敗過他們。答案：haveneverdefeatedthemdefeatsb擊敗某人defeatthesearguments駁倒這些論據(jù)eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)在英語中win所帶的賓語常為game,match,battle之類的詞；而defeat后接的賓語則為sb或像team,school之類的參賽者或單位，表示“擊敗某人”“打敗了某個參賽單位”。③determinevt.決定，確定(P8)(1)單句語法填空①Theamountofavailablewater(determine)thenumberofhousesthatcanbebuilt.②Everyoneconcernedactedwithgreatcourageand(determine)inthataccident.答案：①determines②determination(2)單句改錯Determiningtobeanastronaut,hehasbeenstudyingscienceveryhard.答案：Determining→Determined(1)determineon/upon決定，決心determinetodosth決定做某事(動作)(2)determinedadj.堅(jiān)定的，堅(jiān)決的bedeterminedtodosth決定做某事(狀態(tài))(3)determinationn.決定，決心④concernvt.使憂慮，與……相關(guān)(P8)(1)單句語法填空①Thisisagreateventthat(concern)thefutureofourcompany.②Iamwritingtoseeifitispossibleforyoutoprovidemewithinformation(concern)theinterview.答案：①concerns②concerning(2)單句寫作，Ibelievethatitisawisechoice.就我而言，我堅(jiān)信那是一個明智的選擇。答案：AsfarasIamconcerned(1)show/expressconcernabout/for對……表示關(guān)心(2)beconcernedabout/for關(guān)心；掛念……beconcernedwith/in與……有關(guān)/參與……asfaras...beconcerned就……而言(3)concerningprep.關(guān)于；有關(guān)⑤awareadj.知道的，意識到的(P8)(1)單句語法填空①M(fèi)ostsmokersareperfectlyawarethedangersofsmoking.②Wereyouawaresomethingwaswrong?答案：①of②that(2)單句寫作Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplacessuggeststhatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraisetherisksofsmoking.仍然有很多人在公共場所吸煙，這樣的事實(shí)表明我們或許需要一場全國性的運(yùn)動來提高人們對吸煙危害的認(rèn)識。答案：theawarenessofeq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(1be/becomeawareof...,be/becomeawarethat...))知道/明白/意識到……makesbawareofsth讓某人明白某事(2)awarenessn.意識，覺悟⑥containvt.包含，含有(P12)(1)單句語法填空①Whisky(contain)alargepercentageofalcohol.②Theproposedchanges(contain)inapolicystatement.答案：①contains②arecontained(2)單句改錯IwassofuriousthatIjustcouldn'tcontainme.答案：me→myselfbecontainedin/within包含，含有containone'sanger 克制憤怒containoneself克制自己⑦removevt.移開，挪走(P12)(1)單句語法填空①Threechildren(remove)fromschoolforsomereasons.②The(remove)oftheserubbishtookmenearlyalltheafternoon.答案：①wereremoved②removal(2)單句寫作Illegallyparkedvehicles,Ithink,.我認(rèn)為非法停放的車輛應(yīng)被拖走。答案：shouldberemovedremovefrom從某地遷離removesthfrom...將某物從……移走removesbfromsth撤銷某人的職務(wù)⑧replacevt.代替，取代(P17)(1)單句語法填空①Thenewdesign(replace)allexistingmodelseventually.②I'mgoingtoreplacemyoldmobilephonealate-modelHuaweismartphone.答案：①willreplace②with(2)單句寫作Storeshoppingwillneveronlineshopping,buttheycanexisttogether.商店購物永遠(yuǎn)不會被網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物取代，但是二者可以并存。答案：bereplacedby(1)replacesthwith/bysth用某物替換某物eq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(2inplaceofsb,insb'splace,taketheplaceofsb,takesb'splace))代替某人①putoff推遲(P4)(1)單句語法填空①Ifitrainshardwewillputtheschoolsportsmeetingtonextweek.②We'reputtingsomemoneyforfutureexpenses.答案：①off②away(2)單句寫作Becausethepreparatoryworkwasnotwelldone,thecompetition.由于前期準(zhǔn)備工作做得不好，比賽不得不延期。答案：hadtobeputoffputaside將……放在一邊putaway收起；存錢putforward提出puton上演，穿上putup建造，提供住宿putupwith忍受，容忍②outofwork失業(yè)(P7)(1)單句語法填空Informationaboutthejobmarketcanbealifelineforthosewhoareofwork.答案：out(2)單句改錯①Hehasrecentlybeenoutofawork,sohewantstofindsomethingtodo.②Ican'tgoonwithmystudyhere,becausemyfatheroutofworknow.答案：①去掉a②father后加isoutof出于……outofajob失業(yè)outofbreath喘不過氣來outofcontrol不受控制；失去控制outofdanger脫險outofdate過時的outofplace不恰當(dāng)③dropout退出，退學(xué)(P8)(1)單句語法填空①Afewhadeven(drop)out,butnearlyhalfofthesehadreturnedtoschool.②TheSmithsdroppedinsomeoldfriendsontheirvacationtriptoNewYork.答案：①dropped②on(2)單句寫作Sincehislastdefeat,hepolitics.自從他上次失敗了，他就退出了政治。答案：hasdroppedoutofdropoutof...從……中退出dropinonsb/atsomeplace順便拜訪某人/某地dropoff下降；讓……下車dropsbaline給某人寫短信④bepleasedwith對……感到滿意(P8)(1)單句語法填空①Weare(please)withourpurchasesinadvance.②IamverypleasedreceiveyourletterofMarch10th.答案：①pleased②to(2)單句寫作Ibynomeansthisbehaviour.我對這種行為一點(diǎn)也不滿意。答案：am;pleasedwith(1)bepleasedtodosth很高興做某事(2)besatisfiedwith對……感到滿意becontentwith對……感到滿意⑤appealto吸引(P12)(1)單句語法填空①Thepoliceappealedthecrowdnottopanic.②Wemadeappealtothevillagersformoneytobuildthebridge.答案：①to②an(2)單句寫作Thegovernmentisappealingmoremoneypeoplesufferingfromthefloodinthesoutheast.政府呼吁人們捐贈更多的錢以幫助東南部地區(qū)遭受洪災(zāi)的人們。答案：for;tohelp(1)appealtosbforsth呼吁/懇求某人某事appealforsth呼吁某事；請求給予某物appealtosbtodosth呼吁某人做某事(2)makeanappealtosbforsth為某事向某人呼吁或請求makeanappealtosbtodosth呼吁/懇求某人做某事⑥what'smore此外，更重要的是(P12)(1)單句語法填空①Heisfriendlytous;andismore,hestudiesverywell.②Worse，therainyweathercontinued.答案：①what②still(2)單句寫作And，thereisthequestionofculturaladvancementofanationasawhole.而且，還有整個民族的文化水平提高的問題。答案：what'smorewhat'sworse更糟的是worsestill更糟的是inaddition另外，還有⑦gothrough經(jīng)歷；穿過，通過；查看(P14)(1)單句語法填空①Hewentallkindsofhardshipsintheoldsociety.②ItriedcallingyouseveraltimesbutIcouldn'tget.答案：①through②through(2)單句寫作Ialwaysstartthedaybymye-mail.我每天第一件事就是查看電子郵件。答案：goingthroughlookthrough瀏覽passthrough通過，穿過getthrough接通(電話)，進(jìn)行到底pushthrough擠過seethrough看穿，看透⑧beassociatedwith與……有聯(lián)系(P18)(1)單句語法填空①Thesesymptomsareparticularlyassociatedmigraineheadaches.②Henolongerwishedto(associate)withtheparty'spolicyoneducation.答案：①with②beassociated(2)單句寫作Ialwaysassociatethesmellofthoseflowers.我一聞到那些花的香味，就想起我的童年。答案：withmychildhoodeq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(berelevantto,belinkedto,berelatedto,beconnectedwith))與……相聯(lián)系/相關(guān)①[教材原句]ThemoreyouuseEnglish,themoreyouwillwanttolearnit.你英語使用得越多，就想更多地學(xué)習(xí)英語。(P4)(1)單句語法填空①Themorelearnedamanis,themodestheusuallyis.②Theoldmantoldusthatbusierhewas,thehappierhefelt.答案：①more②the(2)單句寫作Theharderyouwork,.你越努力學(xué)習(xí)，你取得的進(jìn)步就越大。答案：thegreaterprogressyou'llmake句型：the＋形容詞比較級＋從句，the＋形容詞比較級＋主句②[教材原句]TherearecertainlynosignsthatCharleswasarichman!確實(shí)沒有跡象表明查爾斯是個有錢人！(P8)(1)單句語法填空①IhavenoideashehasgonetoShanghai.②Theyoungmanofferedusasuggestionweshouldpreparethreequestionswell.答案：①that②that(2)單句寫作Thetexttellsusthefacttopeople'shealth.這篇文章告訴我們吸煙對人們的健康有很大的危害。答案：thatsmokingdoesgreatharmthat引導(dǎo)同位語從句eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連接詞除了that外，還有whether,what,when,where,why,who,how等。能跟同位語從句的名詞常見的有：news,idea,word,fact,hope,doubt,belief,possibility,problem,question,thought,promise,information,message,decision,answer,reply,sign等。③[教材原句]Hemadethechoicetogiveallhismoneyaway.他決定把所有的錢都捐出去。(P8)(1)單句語法填空①Ifastudentmakesadecision(serve)thepeople,he/sheshouldcatchanypossibleopportunitytoimprovehimself/herself.②Heisnotaman(bow)beforedifficulties.答案：①toserve②tobow(2)單句寫作Hehasmadeadaringchoicehispresentjobtolookforhisfavouriteone.他大膽放棄了現(xiàn)在的工作去尋找他最喜歡的工作。答案：togiveup不定式作后置定語eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)不定式在句中既可作定語，也可作主語、表語、賓語、狀語和獨(dú)立成分。④[教材原句]Ifso,itistimeforyoutothinkagain.如果是這樣的話，現(xiàn)在是你重新思考的時候了。(P12)(1)單句語法填空①Peopleinthebackrowmaynothearclearly;if，I'lljusthavetospeaklouder.②IftheyarrivebeforeIleave,wellandgood;if，theresponsibilitywillbemine.答案：①so②not(2)單句寫作Problems,，shouldbesolvedwithoutdelay.有問題要及時解決，不要拖延。答案：ifanyif＋so/not/any/ever...省略句，是Ifitisso/not/any/ever...結(jié)構(gòu)的省略⑤[教材原句]Tobeapartofthisexcitingevent,allyouneedtodoisenteryourfavouriteadvertisement.要成為這個激動人心的事件的一部分，你需要做的就是投入到你最喜歡的廣告中去。(P19)(1)單句語法填空①(make)progressinyourstudies,whatyoushoulddois(remember)ourteachers'wordsandstudyhard.②Youshouldbringsomethingyouneed(use)withyouandwaitattheschoolgateat8：00.答案：①Tomake;remember②touse(2)單句寫作，allyouneedtodois.為了更好地生活，你需要做的就是找一份高收入的工作。答案：Toliveabetterlife;findawell-paidjob本句型中有三個不定式(短語)，位于句首的不定式(短語)作目的狀語；第二個不定式(短語)是作動詞need的賓語；第三個不定式，是省略to的不定式，作表語。根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Alotofpeople,whospendhalftheirtime1(dream)upwaystobecomerich,aredetermined2(become)amillionaire.Infact,evenifsomeofthemgetrich,theyarenotcontent3theirlifeatall.4，CharlesGrayisn'tsuchaperson.Charles,whousedtobeacollegeprofessorwithahugesix－bedroomhouse,livesinasmalldormitoryroom5thereisonlyoldfurniture.Hefelthappytogiveupthelifestyleofarichman,6(get)clothesorotherthingsfromcharityshops.Afew7(year)ago,Charlesbecameawarethattherewerealotofpeoplewhowerelackinginfood,sohe8(donate)allhismoneytocharities.InCharles'opinion,mostpeoplenevermakemuchmoney;9(have)onlyalittlemoneymakesone10(happy)．1．2.3.4.5．6.7.8.9．10.答案：1.dreaming2.tobecome3.with4.However5．where6.getting7.years8.donated9.having10.happierⅠ.單句語法填空1．Mydreamis(be)ascientistwhenIgrowup.答案：tobe句意：我的夢想是長大后當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家。應(yīng)該用不定式作表語。2．Heallocatedofusatask.答案：eacheach“每一個”，在句中作賓語。3．(pass)thisdrivingtest,heispracticingthecaronthetrack.答案：Topass根據(jù)句意可知，“為了通過這次駕照考試，他正在賽道上練車”，用不定式表目的。4．Iwasonlytwominuteslatebutthey'dleft.答案：allall“所有人”，在句中作同位語。5．Takeoneofthetwobooksonthetable—ofthemwilldo.答案：eithereither“(兩者中)任一個”，在句中作主語。6．Becauseof(give)awaythesecretofthebusiness,hewaspunishedbyhiscompany.答案：giving作介詞of的賓語，應(yīng)該用動名詞。7．Employersshowedlittle(enthusiastic)forthenewregulations.答案：enthusiasm根據(jù)句意可知，作動詞show的賓語，應(yīng)該用名詞。8．Thoughremindedmanytimes,hewasnotawarehismistakes.答案：of本句中beawareof是固定搭配，意為“意識到”。9．Youwillbesorryforthisday.答案：somesome有時和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，表示“某個”，相當(dāng)于certain。10．(produce)ofcomputershasincreaseddoubleinthelastfewweeks.答案：Production根據(jù)句意可知，表示“電腦產(chǎn)量”應(yīng)該用production。Ⅱ.單句寫作1．Wemanagedtorecover(幾件丟失的東西)．答案：severalofthemissingarticles2．Theyhurriedtothestationthatafternoon,(結(jié)果被告知他們的朋友已經(jīng)離開了)．答案：onlytobetoldthattheirfriendshadgone3．Thechairmanofthemeetingdidn'tturnupforsomereason,sothemeetinghadto.會議主席因某種原因沒有到，因此會議不得不推遲。答案：beputoff4．隨著成員搬走或退出，這個團(tuán)體的規(guī)模變小了。答案：Thegroupgetssmallerasmembersmoveawayordropout.5．只有少數(shù)幾個申請者合適。答案：Onlyafewofthepeoplewhoappliedweresuitable.Ⅲ.語法填空SomehistorianssaythatsilkoriginatedinChinaabout10,000yearsago.InChina,however,legend1(have)itthatEmpressSiLingChiofChinawasthefirstone2(discover)silkmorethanfivethousandyearsago.Thestorygoes3whilesittingunderamulberry(桑樹)treeinherpalacegarden,theEmpresswashavingtea.Acocoonfellintoherhotcupofteafromthebranchesofthemulberrytree.Andasshewatched,astrongwhitethreadspreadgradually.Formorethantwothousandyears,theChinesekeptthesecretofsilktothemselves.Anyonefoundguiltyofsmuggling(偷運(yùn))silkwormeggs,cocoons,ormulberryseedswasputto4(die).Silkbecametheclothofemperorsandroyaltyandagreatsourceofwealth.Butcommonpeoplewereprohibited5wearingsilk.Silkwasgatheredandkeptinwarehousesfor6emergency.TheChineseusedsilkinmanyways.Civilservants7(pay)inquantitiesofsilk,anditwasawayfortherulerstorewardtheircitizens.Silkwasalsousedascurrencyindomesticaswellasforeigntrade.Chinesetradersexchangedtheirsilkinreturnforspicesandjewels8(buy)inIndia.Later,peoplefromdifferentpartsofsocietybeganwearingsilkclothes,and9(surprise)silkcameinto10(much)generalusethanbefore.1．2.3.4.5．6.7.8.9．10.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹有關(guān)絲綢起源的傳說、用途以及后期的發(fā)展。1．has考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。根據(jù)后一句的goes，再結(jié)合主語是legend，故用一般現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù)。故填has。legendhasitthat是固定句型，意為“傳說是這樣的……”。2．todiscover考查不定式。此處用不定式充當(dāng)定語修飾前面的thefirstone。故填todiscover。3．that考查連接詞。此處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，補(bǔ)充說明前面的名詞legend。4．death考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空前的to是介詞，此處要用名詞。故填death。5．from考查介詞。此處是短語prohibit...from...(禁止……)的固定搭配。故填from。6．a(chǎn)n考查冠詞。設(shè)空后的名詞emergency是可數(shù)名詞，并且詞首字母發(fā)元音。故填不定冠詞an。7．werepaid考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處主語servants與動詞pay構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，再結(jié)合前后句的謂語動詞時態(tài)為過去式可知，此處要用一般過去時的被動形式。故填werepaid。8．bought考查過去分詞。此處用過去分詞作定語，修飾前面的名詞spicesandjewels。故填bought。9．surprisingly考查副詞。此處修飾后面的句子silkcame...，要用副詞。故填surprisingly。10．more考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)后面的連詞than可知，此處要用比較級。故填more。Ⅳ.短文改錯Howareyou?Ihaveheardthatyoualwaysputawayyourworktillthelastminuteanditmakesyourteachersandparentsreallyannoy.Youarenotlonely.Tobehonest,Icanunderstandyoubutitisbadhabit.NowIwouldliketoofferyousomeadvices.First,neverthinkyoucanstartlater,sowhichmustbedonehavetobedonerightaway.Also,youaresupposedtofocusononethingatatimesothatourworkefficiencycanbeimproved.Finally,giveyourselfarewardifyouhavebeenfinishedataskintimecanalsobeapracticalway.Idohopemysuggestionswillbeofhelp.Yours，LiHua答案：Howareyou?Ihaveheardthatyoualwaysputeq\o(away,\s\do8(①off))yourworktillthelastminuteanditmakesyourteachersandparentsreallyeq\o(annoy,\s\do8(②annoyed)).Youarenoteq\o(lonely,\s\do8(③alone)).Tobehonest,Icanunderstandyoubutitiseq\o(∧,\s\do8(④a))badhabit.NowIwouldliketoofferyousomeeq\o(advices,\s\do8(⑤advice)).First,neverthinkyoucanstartlater,soeq\o(which,\s\do8(⑥what))mustbedoneeq\o(have,\s\do8(⑦h(yuǎn)as))tobedonerightaway.Also,youaresupposedtofocusononethingatatimesothateq\o(our,\s\do8(⑧your))workefficiencycanbeimproved.Finally,eq\o(give,\s\do8(⑨giving))yourselfarewardifyouhaveeq\o(eq\o(been,＼),\s\do9(⑩))finishedataskintimecanalsobeapracticalway.Idohopemysuggestionswillbeofhelp.Yours，LiHua1．a(chǎn)way→off考查固定搭配。putaway“把……收起來放好”，putoff“推遲，拖延”，故將away改為off。2．a(chǎn)nnoy→annoyed考查形容詞。以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞一般用來修飾人，意為“感到……的”，故將annoy改為annoyed。3．lonely→alone考查形容詞。lonely有明顯的感情色彩，譯為“孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的”，alone不含有感情色彩，譯為“單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自”，故將lonely改為alone。4．bad前加a考查冠詞。habit為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，應(yīng)用a來修飾，故在bad前加a。5．a(chǎn)dvices→advice考查名詞。advice為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將advices改為advice。6．which→what考查主語從句的連接詞。what引導(dǎo)主語從句且在從句中作主語，故將which改為what。7．have→has考查主謂一致。從句作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故將have改為has。8．our→your考查人稱代詞。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)把our改為your。9．give→giving考查動名詞。此處是動名詞短語作主語，故將give改為giving。10．去掉been考查動詞的語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)用主動語態(tài)，故去掉been。課時作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·黑龍江省哈爾濱市第三中學(xué)校高三摸底考試)Howaffordableishighculture?Onegreatmythofourtimeisthatticketsforopera,theatre,balletandorchestral(管弦樂)concertsaretooexpensive,especiallyfortheyoung.Thisisinfuriatingas,inBritain,atleast,theclaimisridiculousandoffensive.ThecheapticketstohearLondon'sorchestrasrangefrom￡7to￡9—sameasacinematicket,andlowerthantheentrypricetomanypopmusicandcomedyclubs.Forcomparison,whentheLosAngelesPhilharmonicOrchestraperformswithtopsoloistsandconductorsthecheapestseatis￡30;andattheBerlinPhilharmonic,it'sanexpensive￡46.Findingcheapticketstotheoperaandballetisn'tsoeasy.True.Britishcompaniesdon'tchargetheridiculoushighpricesfoundontheContinent(￡2,000foragoodseatatapremiereofLaScala'sCarmenlastDecember),buttheticketsarestillprettysteep.Largefeespaidtostarperformersmostlyaccountforthat.Luckily,however,onespectaculartechnologicalinnovationhastransformedthescene.It'slive(orslightlydelayed)cinematransmissions.TheNewYorkMetropolitanOperanowbeamsitsshowsto800cinemasroundtheworld,andBritishcompaniesaren'tfarbehind.Cinematicoperaisexcellentvalue.Forthecostofagoodbottleofwine(￡10or￡15fortheRoyalOperaHouse'sshows)youcansitinyourlocalmovie-houseandseeahigh-definitionrelayofwhat'soccurringontheworld'sgrandeststages.No,it'snotthesameasbeingthere,butit'salmostasgood.Thesoundisincredible.Theimages,particularlyofdancers,arefantastic.Andyoucanreacttotheshowaspartofaliveaudience,ratherthansittingonyourownathome.Tome,thismountainofevidence,togetherwithfreemuseumadmissions,indicatesthattheartsworldshouldstopworryingthatitsaudiencesarestillmostlymiddle-class.Anyonewhocanaffordtovisitapubcanalsoaffordtoseetop-qualitydrama,musicanddance.Therealbattlenowshouldbeensuringthatschoolchildrenaregivenenoughtastesofhighculturetomakethemwanttobuyallthosecheapticketswhentheygrowup.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了當(dāng)今時代存在高雅文化票價較高的現(xiàn)象，并分析了票價過高的原因，對未來高雅文化發(fā)展提出了解決辦法。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“infuriating”inParagraph1mean?A．Quiteinteresting. B．Veryannoying. C．Notcertain. D．Extremelyobvious.答案：B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Onegreatmythofourtimeisthatticketsforopera,theatre,balletandorchestral(管弦樂)concertsaretooexpensive,especiallyfortheyoung.”可知，在我們的時代最難以置信的就是歌劇、劇院、芭蕾和管弦樂音樂會的門票太貴，特別是對學(xué)生而言。根據(jù)第一段中畫線詞所在句“Thisisinfuriatingas,inBritain,atleast,theclaimisridiculousandoffensive.”可知，this指代前句中門票昂貴的現(xiàn)象，infuriating是前句現(xiàn)象的影響和狀態(tài)，聯(lián)系畫線詞后文“theclaimisridiculousandoffensive”可知，這樣的聲稱很離譜也很令人不適，為消極表述，B項(xiàng)annoying意為“使人惱怒的”，符合語境。故選B。2．Whatisthemainreasonforexpensiveoperatickets?A．Theamountofmoneychargedbytopperformers.B．Thecostlytechnologyrequiredforbroadcast.C．Thedemandofcompaniesforbigprofits.D．Thehighcostofrentingthestages.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“theticketsarestillprettysteep.Largefeespaidtostarperformersmostlyaccountforthat”可知，that指代“門票特別貴”，即門票價格高的原因是要支付給明星演員巨額費(fèi)用。故選A。3．Whichofthefollowingismentionedaboutcinematicopera?A．Peoplecandecidewheretowatchtheopera.B．Audiencesarediscouragedfromrespondingtotheperformances.C．Itprovidesaninexpensivewayofenjoyingaliveoperaperformance.D．Thesoundandvisualqualityaresuperiortotheliveperformance.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Cinematicoperaisexcellentvalue.Forthecostofagoodbottleofwine(￡10or￡15fortheRoyalOperaHouse'sshows)youcansitinyourlocalmovie-houseandseeahigh-definitionrelayofwhat'soccurringontheworld'sgrandeststages.”可知，電影院歌劇物超所值。只需一瓶紅酒的價格(皇家劇院的表演票價要10～15英鎊)，你就可以坐在當(dāng)?shù)氐碾娪霸嚎匆粓鍪澜缱畎粑枧_上表演的高品質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)播，說明電影院歌劇為我們提供了一種欣賞歌劇現(xiàn)場表演的便宜方式。故選C。4．Whichstatementwouldtheauthoragreewith?A．Thequalityofoperaperformancesisimproving.B．HighcultureisbecomingmoreaffordableinEurope.C．Thecostofaccesstohighcultureactivitiesshouldbelowered.D．Childrenshouldbeencouragedtoparticipateinhighcultureevents.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Therealbattlenowshouldbeensuringthatschoolchildrenaregivenenoughtastesofhighculturetomakethemwanttobuyallthosecheapticketswhentheygrowup.”可知，目前最大的挑戰(zhàn)是應(yīng)該確保上學(xué)的孩子能夠接觸到高雅文化，使得他們長大后會買那些便宜票欣賞高雅藝術(shù)，意在表明應(yīng)鼓勵孩子們參與到高雅文化活動之中。故選D。B(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)wereki