智慧樹知到《基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)（Basic Chemistry）》章節(jié)測試答案

智慧樹知到《基礎(chǔ)化學(xué)（BasicChemistry）》章節(jié)測試答案第一章單元測試1、Solidshavea（）shapeandarenotappreciably（）.A.sharp，convertibleB.indefinite，compressibleC.indefinite，incompressibleD.definite，incompressibleE.definite，compressible正確答案：definite，compressible2、Thesymbolfortheelementpotassiumis（）.A.SB.CaC.PD.PtE.K正確答案：K3、TheSIunitformassis（）.A.poundB.kilogramC.gramD.troyounce正確答案：kilogram4、Thetemperatureof25°Cis（）inkelvins.A.166B.248C.298D.103E.138正確答案：2985、Thedensityofsilveris10.5g/cm3.Apieceofsilverwithamassof61.3gwouldoccupyavolumeof（）cm3.A.644B.5.84C.10.5D.0.171E.0.00155正確答案：5.846、ThecorrectresultofthemolecularmasscalculationforH2SO4is（）.4×15.9994+32.066+2×1.0079A.98.079B.98.84C.98.838D.98.08E.98.074正確答案：98.0797、Thereare（）significantfiguresintheanswertothefollowingcomputation：（29.2-20.0）（1.79×105）/1.39A.3B.1C.4D.5E.2正確答案：28、Ofthefollowing，（）isthesmallestmass.A.25kgB.2.5×1010ngC.2.5×109fgD.2.5×10-2mgE.2.5×1015pg正確答案：2.5×109fg9、Accuracyrefersto（）.A.howcloseameasurednumberistoinfinityB.howcloseameasurednumberistoothermeasurednumbersC.howcloseameasurednumberistothecalculatedvalueD.howcloseameasurednumberistothetruevalueE.howcloseameasurednumberistozero正確答案：howcloseameasurednumberistothetruevalue10、Inwhichoneofthefollowingnumbersareallofthezerossignificant？A.100.09009B.0.003002C.0.14329D.0.1E.0.05843正確答案：100.09009第二章單元測試1、Acertainmassofcarbonreactswith13.6gofoxygentoformcarbonmonoxide.（）gramsofoxygenwouldreactwiththatsamemassofcarbontoformcarbondioxide，accordingtothelawofmultipleproportions？A.136B.25.6C.27.2D.6.8E.13.6正確答案：27.22、Whichstatementbelowcorrectlydescribestheresponsesofalpha，beta，andgammaradiationtoanelectricfield？A.Bothalphaandgammaaredeflectedinthesamedirection，whilebetashowsnoresponseB.Bothalphaandbetaaredeflectedinthesamedirection，whilegammashowsnoresponseC.Alphaandbetaaredeflectedinoppositedirections，whilegammashowsnoresponseD.Bothbetaandgammaaredeflectedinthesamedirection，whilealphashowsnoresponseE.Onlyalphaisdeflected，whilebetaandgammashownoresponse正確答案：Alphaandbetaaredeflectedinoppositedirections，whilegammashowsnoresponse3、（）and（）resideintheatomicnucleus.A.Protons，neutronsB.noneoftheaboveC.Neutrons，onlyneutronsD.Protons，electronsE.Electrons，neutrons正確答案：Protons，neutrons4、Whichoneofthefollowingisnottrueconcerningcathoderays？A.TheyimpartanegativechargetometalsexposedtothemB.TheyoriginatefromthenegativeelectrodeC.ThecharacteristicsofcathoderaysdependonthematerialfromwhichtheyareemittedD.TheyaremadeupofelectronsE.Theytravelinstraightlinesintheabsenceofelectricormagneticfields正確答案：Thecharacteristicsofcathoderaysdependonthematerialfromwhichtheyareemitted5、Thechargeonanelectronwasdeterminedinthe（）.A.MillikanoildropexperimentB.cathoderaytube，byJ.J.ThompsonC.atomictheoryofmatterD.RutherfordgoldfoilexperimentE.Daltonatomictheory正確答案：Millikanoildropexperiment6、IntheRutherfordnuclear-atommodel，（）.A.theheavysubatomicparticles，protonsandneutrons，resideinthenucleusB.thethreeprincipalsubatomicparticles（protons，neutrons，andelectrons）allhaveessentiallythesamemassandmassisspreadessentiallyuniformlythroughouttheatomC.massisspreadessentiallyuniformlythroughouttheatomD.thethreeprincipalsubatomicparticles（protons，neutrons，andelectrons）allhaveessentiallythesamemassE.thelightsubatomicparticles，protonsandneutrons，resideinthenucleus正確答案：theheavysubatomicparticles，protonsandneutrons，resideinthenucleus7、Allatomsofagivenelementhavethesame（）.A.numberofneutronsB.numberofelectronsandneutronsC.massD.numberofprotonsE.density正確答案：numberofprotons8、Anatomofthemostcommonisotopeofgold，197Au，has（）protons，（）neutrons，and（）electrons.A.79，118，118B.79，118，79C.79，197，197D.197，79，118E.118，79，39正確答案：79，118，799、Whichcombinationofprotons，neutrons，andelectronsiscorrectfortheisotopecopper-63，？A.63p+，29n°，63e?B.34p+，29n°，34e?C.34p+，34n°，29e?D.29p+，34n°，29e?E.29p+，29n°，63e?正確答案：29p+，34n°，29e?10、Isotopesareatomsthathavethesamenumberof（）butdifferingnumberof（）.A.protons，neutronsB.neutrons，electronsC.electrons，protonsD.protons，electronsE.neutrons，protons正確答案：protons，neutrons第三章單元測試1、（）iscreditedwithdevelopingtheconceptofatomicnumbers.A.ErnestRutherfordB.DmitriMendeleevC.HenryMoseleyD.MichaelFaradayE.LotharMeyer正確答案：HenryMoseley2、Elementsinthemodernversionoftheperiodictablearearrangedinorderofincreasing（）.A.numberofisotopesB.averageatomicmassC.atomicmassD.oxidationnumberE.atomicnumber正確答案：atomicnumber3、Thefirstionizationenergiesoftheelements（）asyougofromlefttorightacrossaperiodoftheperiodictable，and（）asyougofromthebottomtothetopofagroupinthetable.A.decrease，decreaseB.increase，increaseC.arecompletelyunpredictableD.decrease，increaseE.increase，decrease正確答案：increase，increase4、Ingeneral，asyougoacrossaperiodintheperiodictablefromlefttoright：（1）theatomicradius（）；（2）theelectronaffinitybecomes（）negative；and（3）thefirstionizationenergy（）.A.increases，increasingly，decreasesB.decreases，increasingly，decreasesC.increases，increasingly，increasesD.decreases，decreasingly，increasesE.decreases，increasingly，increases正確答案：decreases，increasingly，increases5、Whichofthefollowingtraitscharacterizesthealkalimetals？A.existenceasdiatomicmoleculesB.veryhighmeltingpointC.thelowestfirstionizationenergiesinaperiodD.thesmallestatomicradiusinaperiodE.formationofdianions正確答案：thelowestfirstionizationenergiesinaperiod6、Oxidesoftheactivemetalscombinewithwatertoform（）.A.metalhydridesB.metalhydroxidesC.oxygengasD.waterandasaltE.hydrogengas正確答案：metalhydroxides7、Analkalineearthmetalformsacompoundwithoxygenwiththeformula（）.（ThesymbolMrepresentsanyoneofthealkalineearthmetals.）A.M2O2B.MO2C.M2OD.MOE.MO3正確答案：MO8、Whichnon-metalexistsasadiatomicsolid？A.phosphorusB.boronC.antimonyD.bromineE.iodine正確答案：iodine9、Theonlynoblegasthatdoesnothavethens2np6valenceelectronconfigurationis（）.A.Allnoblegaseshavethens2np6valenceelectronconfigurationB.heliumC.kryptonD.neonE.radon正確答案：helium10、Whatistheoxidationnumberofchromiumin[Cr（NH3）4Cl2]Cl（）？A.-2B.2C.3D.0E.-3正確答案：3第四章單元測試1、Thereare（）pairedand（）unpairedelectronsintheLewissymbolforaphosphorusatom.A.0，3B.2，4C.4，3D.2，3E.4，2正確答案：2，32、Thereare（）unpairedelectronsintheLewissymbolforanoxygenatom.A.3B.0C.2D.4E.1正確答案：23、Theelectronconfigurationofthephosphideion（P3-）is（）.A.[Ne]3s23p6B.[Ne]3s2C.[Ne]3s23p1D.[Ne]3s23p3E.[Ne]3p2正確答案：[Ne]3s23p64、Elementsfromoppositesidesoftheperiodictabletendtoform（）.A.homonucleardiatomiccompoundsB.covalentcompoundsthataregaseousatroomtemperatureC.ioniccompoundsD.compoundsthataregaseousatroomtemperatureE.covalentcompounds正確答案：ioniccompounds5、DetermininglatticeenergyfromBorn-Habercycledatarequirestheuseof（）.A.theoctetruleB.Hess'slawC.PeriodiclawD.Coulomb'slawE.Avogadro'snumber正確答案：Hess'slaw6、Howmanyhydrogenatomsmustbondtosilicontogiveitanoctetofvalenceelectrons？A.4B.5C.3D.1E.2正確答案：47、Inthemoleculebelow，whichatomhasthelargestpartialnegativecharge（）？A.CB.BrC.ID.FE.Cl正確答案：F8、Electronegativity（）fromlefttorightwithinaperiodand（）fromtoptobottomwithinagroup.A.increases，staysthesameB.increases，increasesC.staysthesame，increasesD.increases，decreasesE.decreases，increases正確答案：increases，decreases9、TheLewisstructureofAsH3shows（）nonbondingelectronpair（s）onAs.A.1B.Thiscannotbedeterminedfromthedatagiven.C.3D.0E.2正確答案：110、Theformalchargeoncarboninthemoleculebelowis（）.A.1B.3C.2D.0E.-1正確答案：0第五章單元測試1、ThecorrectnameforK2Sis（）.A.potassiumbisulfideB.dipotassiumsulfateC.potassiumsulfideD.potassiumdisulfideE.potassiumsulfate正確答案：potassiumsulfide2、ThecorrectnameforH2SO3is（）.A.sulfurousacidB.sulfurhydroxideC.hydrosulfuricacidD.sulfuricacidE.hydrosulficacid正確答案：sulfurousacid3、ThecorrectnameofthecompoundNa3Nis（）.A.sodiumnitrideB.trisodiumnitrideC.sodiumtrinitrideD.sodium（IX）nitrideE.sodiumazide正確答案：sodiumnitride4、TheionsCa2+andPO43-formasaltwiththeformula（）.A.CaPO4B.Ca2PO4C.Ca3（PO4）2D.Ca2（PO4）3E.Ca（PO4）2正確答案：Ca3（PO4）25、ElementMreactswithfluorinetoformanioniccompoundwiththeformulaMF3.TheM-ionhas18electrons.ElementMis（）.A.ArB.CaC.PD.CrE.Sc正確答案：Sc6、TheconjugatebaseofHSO4-isA.HSO4+B.H2SO4C.OH-D.SO42-E.H3SO4+正確答案：SO42-7、WhatisthepHofanaqueoussolutionat25.0°Cinwhich[H+]is0.00250M？A.-2.6B.2.6C.2.25D.-3.4E.3.4正確答案：2.68、Whatistheconcentration（inM）ofhydroniumionsinasolutionat25.0°CwithpH=4.282？A.4.28B.9.71C.1.66×104D.5.22×10-5E.1.92×10-10正確答案：5.22×10-59、WhatisthepHofa0.0150Maqueoussolutionofbariumhydroxide？A.1.82B.12.2C.1.52D.10.4E.12.5正確答案：12.5第六章單元測試1、Whenthefollowingequationisbalanced，thecoefficientsare（）.NH3（g）+O2（g）→NO2（g）+H2O（g）A.4，7，4，6B.2，3，2，3C.4，3，4，3D.1，1，1，1E.1，3，1，2正確答案：4，7，4，62、Whenthefollowingequationisbalanced，thecoefficientofAlis（）.Al（s）+H2O（l）→Al（OH）3（s）+H2（g）A.3B.4C.5D.2E.1正確答案：23、Whenthefollowingequationisbalanced，thecoefficientofO2is（）.C2H4O（g）+O2（g）→CO2（g）+H2O（g）A.2B.1C.3D.5E.4正確答案：54、Writethebalancedequationforthereactionthatoccurswhenmethanol，CH3CH（l）isburnedinair.Whatisthecoefficientofmethanolinthebalancedequation？A.3B.2C.1D.4E.1.5正確答案：25、Thebalancedequationforthedecompositionofsodiumazideis（）.A.2NaN3（s）→2Na（s）+2N2（g）B.2NaN3（s）→2Na（s）+3N2（g）C.NaN3（s）→Na（s）+N2（g）+N（g）D.2NaN3（s）→Na2（s）+3N2（g）E.NaN3（s）→Na（s）+N2（g）正確答案：2NaN3（s）→2Na（s）+3N2（g）6、Thesolubilityofmanganese（II）hydroxide（Mn（OH）2）is2.2×10-5M.WhatistheKspofMn（OH）2？A.4.8×10-10B.2.2×10-5C.4.3×10-14D.2.1×10-14E.1.1×10-14正確答案：4.3×10-147、Whatistheempiricalformulaofacompoundthatcontains49.4%K，20.3%S，and30.3%Obymass？A.KSO3B.K2SO3C.KSO4D.KSO2E.K2SO4正確答案：K2SO38、Acompoundcontains40.0%C，6.71%H，and53.29%Obymass.Themolecularweightofthecompoundis60.05amu.Themolecularformulaofthiscompoundis（）.A.C2H2O4B.CHO2C.C2H4O2D.CH2OE.C2H3O4正確答案：C2H4O29、Magnesiumandnitrogenreactinacombinationreactiontoproducemagnesiumnitride：3Mg+N2→Mg3N2Inaparticularexperiment，a9.27gsampleofN2reactscompletely.ThemassofMgconsumedis（）g.A.16.1B.0.92C.24.1D.13.9E.8.04正確答案：24.110、Whichofthefollowingreactionsisaredoxreaction？（a）K2CrO4+BaCl2→BaCrO4+2KCl（b）Pb22++2Br-→PbBr（c）Cu+S→CuSA.（b）and（c）B.（a）and（c）C.（a）onlyD.（b）onlyE.（c）only正確答案：（c）only第七章單元測試1、Agasatapressureof10.0Paexertsaforceof（）Nonanareaof5.5m2.A.55B.18C.0.55D.1.8E.5.5正確答案：552、Agasvesselisattachedtoanopen-endmanometercontaininganon-volatileliquidofdensity0.791g/mLasshownbelow.Thedifferenceinheightsoftheis755mmHg.Giventhatthedensityofmercuryis13.6g/mL，thepressureoftheenclosedgasis（）atm.liquidinthetwosidesofthemanometeris43.4cmwhentheatmosphericpressureA.0.99B.0.987C.0.993D.1.03E.0.96正確答案：0.963、Asampleofagas（5.0mol）at1.0atmisexpandedatconstanttemperaturefrom10Lto15L.Thefinalpressureis（）atm.A.3.3B.0.67C.1.5D.7.5E.15正確答案：0.674、AsampleofH2gas（12.28g）occupies100.0Lat400.0Kand2.00atm.Asampleweighing9.49goccupies（）Lat353Kand2.00atm.A.147B.68.2C.109D.54.7E.77.3正確答案：68.25、A0.325Lflaskfilledwithgasat0.914atmand19°Ccontains（）molofgas.A.1.48×10-2B.1.24×10-2C.80.7D.9.42E.12.4正確答案：1.24×10-26、Asampleofgas（1.3mol）occupies（）Lat22°Cand2.5atm.A.13B.0.079C.31D.3.2×10-2E.0.94正確答案：137、AflaskcontainsamixtureofHeandNeatatotalpressureof2.6atm.Thereare2.0molofHeand5.0molofNeintheflask.ThepartialpressureofHeis（）atm.A.0.74B.1.86C.6.5D.1.04E.9.1正確答案：0.748、Theroot-mean-squarespeedofCOat113°Cis（）m/s.A.993B.58.3C.31.5D.586E.317正確答案：5869、AsampleofN2gas（2.0mmol）effusedthroughapinholein5.5s.Itwilltake（）sforthesameamountofCH4toeffuseunderthesameconditions.A.9.6B.5.5C.7.3D.3.1E.4.2正確答案：4.210、UsingthevanderWaalsequation，thepressureina22.4Lvesselcontaining1.00molofneongasat100°Cis（）atm.（a=0.211L2atm/mol2，b=0.0171L/mol）A.1B.0.73C.1.21D.0.367E.1.37正確答案：1.37第八章單元測試1、Asolutionispreparedbydissolving15.0gofNH3in250gofwater.Thedensityoftheresultingsolutionis0.974g/mL.ThemolefractionofNH3inthesolutionis（）.A.0.922B.16.8C.0.0597D.0.94E.0.064正確答案：0.05972、Thevaporpressureofpurewaterat25°Cis23.8torr.Determinethevaporpressure（torr）ofwaterat25°Caboveasolutionpreparedbydissolving35gofurea（anon-volatile，non-electrolyte，MW=60.0g/mol）in75gofwater.A.3.3B.27C.0.88D.21E.2.9正確答案：213、Thefreezingpointofethanol（C2H5OH）is-114.6°C.Themolalfreezingpointdepressionconstantforethanolis2.00°C/m.Whatisthefreezingpoint（°C）ofasolutionpreparedbydissolving50.0gofglycerine（C3H8O3anonelectrolyte）in200gofethanol？A.-5.42B.-114.6C.-120D.-115E.-132.3正確答案：-1204、Asolutionispreparedbydissolving6.00