2022-2023學(xué)年吉林省長(zhǎng)春市高二上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試卷 （解析版）

2022-2023學(xué)年吉林省長(zhǎng)春市高二（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

題號(hào)一―三四五八總分

得分

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用

橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第I卷（選擇題）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

MeetIncredibleConservationHeroesSavingWildlifefromExtinction

AnneSavage

Dr.Savagefoundedaconservationprogramtoprotectcotton-toptamarins（棉頂被猴）.Shepioneeredin

thedevelopmentofnewtechnologiestostudytheanimalintheColombianfbrest.Shealsohelpedconduct

astudythatfoundonly7,500individualsremained.Asaresult,theInternationalUnionforConservation

ofNaturechangedtheclassificationofcotton-toptamarinsfromEndangeredtoCriticallyEndangered,

whichbroughtthespeciestomorepeople'snotice.

ElenaBykova

Havingmajoredinbiology,Bykovahasagoodknowledgeofthesaigaantelope（賽力口羚羊）.As

ExecutiveSecretaryoftheSaigaConservationAlliance,aninternationalorganization,Bykovaworksto

savetheantelope.Illegalshootingisthesinglebiggestthreat,andBykovaconcentratesonraisingpublic

awarenessofthedanger,findingalternativelivelihoodopportunitiesforlocalcommunities,andprotecting

saigahabitats.

JeanneTarrant

FrogsareastonishinglydiverseandbeautifulforDr.Tarrant.Overtheyears,shehashelpedputthe

spotlightonmanyhighlythreatenedspeciesoffrogsthatfaceextinctionduetohabitatloss,climate

change,andhuntsbytheiranimalenemies.Nowondersheiscalledthe"FrogLady1'ofSouthAfrica!

MarilynConnell

LivingonlyintheMaryRiverofQueensland,theMaryRiverturtle（龜）takesinoxygenintwo

ways.BeinghuntedbyotherwildlifeistheMaryRiverturtle'sbiggestthreat.Connellandherteam

investigatethethreatstothespeciesandtakemeasurestoprotecttheeggsandnewbornsfrombeing

hunted,ensuringthespecieshasachancetosurvive.

1.Whatmadecotton-toptamarinsgetmoreattention?

A.Dr.Savage^conservationprogram.

B.Theadjustmenttotheirriskcategory.

C.Researchintocotton-toptamarins.

D.Thedevelopmentofnewtechnologies.

2.WhatdoesElenaBykovadotoprotectthesaigaantelope?

A.Shefoundsaninternationalorganization.

B.Shechoosesbiologyashermainsubjectofstudy.

C.Sheprovideswaysforlocalstomakealiving.

D.Shefightsagainstthebehaviorofillegalshooting.

3.WhataffectsthesurvivalofbothfrogsandtheMaryRiverturtles?

A.Changestolivinghabits.B.Threatsfromotherspecies.

C.Lossoftheirhabitat.D.Difficultyinraisingnewborns.

B

Bornin1902,HarryBeckwasanEnglishengineeringdraftsman（制圖員）whobroughtaboutasmall

revolutionintheearly1930swhenhecreatedacompletelynewmapoftheLondonUnderground.

BeforeBeck'sdesign,earlymapswereusuallydrawntoageographicallyaccuratescale（比例）.Map

designerssimplyplacedthesubwaylinesonstandardmapsofthecitystreets.Thesemapsclearlyshowed

thesubwaylinesthatreachedtheareasoutsidethecentreofLondon,buttheymadeitdifficulttomakeout

thebusylinesthatjoineddirectlyundercentralLondon.

Inthe1930s,Beckcameupwithasolutionthatwouldnottakethegeographicalaccuracyintoaccount.He

createdamapthatwasascaled-downlineardiagramofthesubwaylines.Moreabasicoutlineofthelines

thanatrue-to-lifemap,itdidn'ttelltravelersabouthowfaritactuallywasbetweentwopoints.Beck'smap

hadacleanstructurewithcolouredlines.Hisideawastocreatetheplainestguidetoshowtravelershowto

getfromonestationtoanother.

It'snotclearwhatinspiredhimtostarttheproject；hewasn'taskedtodoit,butlikelydevelopedhisdesign

inhisfreetime,whilebetweenjobs.ltwasmoreapresentationofhisbeingcreative,inseeingaproblem

andcomingupwithananswertoit,thanaresponsetopublicdemand.

HisdesignwasthenpresentedtotheLondonPassengerTransportBoard,whosemembersrefusedto

acceptit,feelingthatnotshowingrelativedistancesbetweenstationswassillyandunreasonable.Still,

afteratime,inordertoincreasesubwayridershipandthereforeearnmoremoney,theBoarddecidedto

printalimitednumberofcopies.Gradually,Beck'smapbecameahugesuccess.

Formostofhislife,Beckcontinuedtomakesmallimprovementstothediagram,buthekeptitsbasic

designsandideas.Hiscleardiagrammaticmethodofmappinghasbeengenerallyacceptedandfollowedin

thefieldofinformationdesignnotonlyinLondonbutalsoaroundtheworld.

4.Whatisthedisadvantageofearlysubwaymaps?

A.Theywerenottoscale.B.Theywerehardtodraw.

C.Theywerenotuser-friendly.D.Theywereseldomupdated.

5.WhichaspectofasubwaymapdidBeckfocuson?

A.Itssimplicity.B.Itsvividdetails.

C.Itscompleteness.D.Itsgeographicalaccuracy.

6.WhatdoweknowaboutBeck'smapfromparagraphs4and5?

A.Itwascreatedaccidentally.

B.Itwasanimmediatesuccess.

C.Itwasareflectionofhiscreativity.

D.Itwasdesignedtomeetpublicneed.

7.HowdidBeckcontributetotheworld?

A.Hechangedtheconstructionofsubways.

B.Heinspireddesignerstoimprovethesubway.

C.Hemadethefirstscaled-downlinearmap.

D.Heprovidedamodelforthedesignofsubwaymaps.

c

PieterBruegel's1565realisticpaintingTheHarvestershangsattheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.nThe

workdescribesfarmerscuttingwheatnearlyastallastheyare,"GhentUniversitybiologistIveDeSmet

says."Nowadays,ifyouwalkthroughawheatfield,youbasicallyseewheatisaboutknee-high,which

isaconsequenceofselectivebreeding（培育）fromthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury."DeSmetsays

he'steamingupwitharthistorianDavidVergauwenofAmaranttolookatthingswheretheycanspot

differencesinshape,incolor,andinsize.Wheatisjustoneexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanhelp

trackthetransformationoffoodcropsovertime.

Friendssincechildhood,theytookinterestinplantsinartworkandbeganwithavisittotheHermitage

MuseuminRussia一wheretheynoticedanodd-lookingwatermeloninanearly-17th-centurypaintingby

FlemishartistFransSnyders.

"Soifyouthinkofawatermelon,youcutitthrough,itshouldbedarkredontheinside.Butthatone

appearedtobepaleandwhite."DeSmetassumedthepainterhaddoneapoorjob.ButVergauwensaid,

"Thisisoneofthebestpainterseverfromthatera.Soifhepaintsitlikethat,that*sthewayitmusthave

been."Otherpaintingsshowedthatbothredandwhitewatermelonswereraisedduringthe17thcentury.

Theteamhopestosetupanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplantartwork.Theycreateasocialmedia

hashtag（主題標(biāo)簽）fbrit.Anyonecouldsendpicturesofrelevantartworkanddetailsofplantswhen

theyvisitamuseumorexhibitthroughthehashtag.But,theyadd,thesourcesneedtoberealistic.uIf

you'regoingtouse,forexample,Picassotounderstandhowapearlooked,youmightbemisled.'1

8.WhatcanwelearnfromDeSmet'swordsinparagraph1?

A.Humanshavemainlyfedonwheatsince1565.

B.Selectivebreedingaffectsagriculturalstructure.

C.Wheathasgonethroughgreatchangesinheight.

D.ThesceneinTheHarvestersmaybeunbelievable.

9.WhatisVergauwen'sattitudetothewatermelonpaintedbyFransSnyders?

A.Curious.B.Disapproving.C.Doubtful.D.Favorable.

10.Whyisthesocialmediahashtagcreated?

A.Tocollectmorepaintingsfortheirdatabase.

B.Toencouragepeopletofocusonart.

C.Toadvertisetheirresearchdatabase.

D.Tosharesomehistoricalplantartwork.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Ancientpaintingsfocusedonfoodcrops.

B.Historicalartworkrevealsagriculturalinformation.

C.Twomencreateadatabaseofplantartwork.

D.Plantstodayaredifferentfromtheirancestors.

D

Wehumansoftennavigate（導(dǎo)航）usingroadsignsandGPS.Butwhataboutelephants?ConnieAllen,

abehaviouralecologistattheUniversityofExeterintheU.K.,said“theelephantsnavigateoverlong

distancesusingtheirunbelievablememories",whichmakesothersconsiderthatanelephantwillnever

forget.Butit'salsobeensuggestedhereandtherethatmaybeisextremelyimportantforthese

long-distancemovements.

AllenandhercolleaguescheckedthatideabytestingAfricanelephants*abilitytoidentifyaveryspecial

smell：thesmellofpee（尿）.Yousee,anelephantpeesalot一some12to15gallonsaday一andthat

peecancontainaseriesofchemicalsignals.

Butfirst,theyneededsomepee.SotheyheadedforaspotalongBotswana'sBotetiRiverandwaited.They

waitedforelephantstopeeand,within20minutes,wentandcollectedthesefreshpeesamples.Thenthey

setupcamerasonsevenpathswhichtheelephantsusuallywalkedalong.Afterobservingtheelephants*

naturalbehaviouronthepaths,theynoticedthatthemajorityoftheelephantscheckedsmellsalongthe

paths-especiallyelephantstravellingalone,whichisanindication,theresearcherssaid,thatsmellsmay

serveassignpostsalongthepaths.

Next,theyplacedthosepeesamplesalongthepaths.Andtheyfoundthatforatleasttwodays,passing

elephantstrainedtheirtrunksonthesamples,especiallysamplesfrommatureadults,whichisanother

indicationthatsmellsmightbeaneffectivenavigationalsignaLTheirfindingsappearedinthejournal

AnimalBehaviour.

Basedontheseresults,theyhopeconservationistsmightbeabletouseelephantpeeasadecoy（誘餌）.If

wecantrickelephantsintothinkingotherelephantsaregoingthisway,maybewecanredirectthemaway

fromwheretheyarecomingintoconflictwithhumansatthemoment.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"olfaction"inparagraph1mean?

A.Theroadsidesignpost.B.Thesenseofsmell.

C.Thelong-termmemory.D.Thesenseofdirection.

13.Howdidresearchersgettheirconclusions?

A.Bydoingfieldresearch.B.Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.

C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bydoinglaboratoryexperiments.

14.Whatmightbeapotentialbenefitofthefindingsaccordingtothetext?

A.Helpingelephantstofindothercompanions.

B.Inspiringnewresearchdirectionsinelephants.

C.Raisingpublicawarenessofelephantprotection.

D.Makingelephantsandhumanscoexistpeacefully.

15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AfricanElephantsShowPersonality-basedMovements

B.ElephantsAreBornWithExcellentAbilitytoNavigate

C.AfricanElephantsMayUsePeeasaRoadSign

D.ElephantsHaveaGoodMemoryforRoads

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

Nowadays,learningaforeignlanguageisbecomingmoreandmorecommon.(1)Asyoumayhave

heard,languagelearningisamarathon,notasprint(短跑).Butattheenditwillbewellworthit,Hereare

somebenefitsoflearningaforeignlanguage.

Itopensyouuptomanynewpeople.Knowinganotherlanguageenablesyoutocommunicatewithmoreof

theworld'speopleandbefriendthem.(2)You'llmeetlotsofgreatpeopleyouotherwiselikelywouldn't

havethechancetomeetifitweren'tforlanguagelearning.

(3)Bylearningthelanguageofaparticularforeigncountry,youareopeningyourselftoall

kindsofnewculturalinsightsthatyouhaven'tknownaboutbefore.Thererssomuchmorethanwhatyou*ve

gotexposedtowhenyoustarttoadoptthelanguage.Music,food,theatre,literature,andhistoryarejustafew

thingsamongmanyothersthatyou'llbeabletolearnmoreaboutasyoulearnmoreaboutthelanguage.

Itopensthedoorfornewopportunities.Youmayhaveanewprogram,anewjob,oranyotheropportunity

thatinvolvesmovingtoaforeigncountry.(4)Ifyou'reastudentlookingtostudyabroad,you'llfindthat

you'llbemuchbetteroffknowingthelanguageofthatcountry.

Itenablesyoutobetterenjoyyourtravelabroad.Theobviousbenefitoflearninganewlanguageisthat

yourplansoftripswillgetaseriousboostwhenyoutravel!Bylearningthelanguageofacountry,youwill

feelconfidentandfreetotravelaroundthecountry.⑸

A.Itexposesyoutodifferentcultures.

B.Ofcourse,itcomeswithchallengesanddifficulties.

C.Itinspiresyoutorespectculturesindifferentcountries.

D.Yourtravelexperienceswillbecomemuchmoreauthentic.

E.Meetinggreatpeoplehelpsyoubetterlearnaforeignlanguage.

F.There'snodoubtthatknowinganotherlanguagebringsinmorepossibilities.

G.Thepracticeoflearningwillofferyouthechancetomeetlike-mindedpeople.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

Musicproducesprofoundandlastingchangesinthebrain.Schoolsshouldaddclasses,notcutthem.Nearly

20yearsagoasmallstudyadvancedthe⑵)thatlisteningtoMozart'sSonatacouldboostmental

functioning.ltwasnotlong(22)trademarked"Mozarteffect"productsappealedtoanxiousparentsaiming

toputtoddlers(剛學(xué)步的孩子)onthefasttracktothefamousuniversitieslikeHarvardand

Yale.Georgia'sgovernoreven(23)givingeverynewbornthereaclassicalCDorcassette.

The(24)fbrMozarttherapyturnedouttobeweak,perhapsnonexistent,althoughthe(25)studynever

claimedanythingmorethanatemporaryandlimitedeffect.Inrecentyears,(26),scientistshaveexamined

thebenefitsofacontinuousefforttostudyandpracticemusic,asopposedtoplayingaMozartCDora

computer-based"brainfitness"game(27)inawhile.

Advancedmonitoring(28)haveenabledscientiststoseewhathappensinsideyourheadwhenyoulistento

yourmotherandactuallypracticetheviolinforanhoureveryafternoon.Andtheyhavefoundthatmusic

(29)canproduceprofoundandlastingchangesthat(30)thegeneralabilitytoIearn.Theseresultsshould

(31)publicofficialsthatmusicclassesarenotameredecoration,readyforbeinggivenupinthebudget

crisesthatconstantlytroublespublicschools.

Studieshaveshown(32)instrumenttrainingfromanearlyagecanhelpthebrainto(33)soundsbetter,

makingit(34)tostayfocusedwhenabsorbingothersubjects,fromliteraturetomathematics.Themusically

experiencedarebetterableto(35)abiologylessondespitethenoiseintheclassroomor,afewyearslater,

tofinishacallwithaclientwhenacolleagueinthenextofficestartsscreamingatasubordinate(下

屬).Theycanbeengagedinseveralthingsatonce,whichisanessentialskillinthiseraofmultitasking.

21.A.noticeB.noteC.ideaD.impression

22.A.thatB.untilC.sinceD.before

23.A.proposedB.pushedC.submittedD.subjected

24.A.witnessB.evidenceC.symptomD.context

25.A.recentB.advancedC.originalD.latest

26.A.howeverB.moreoverC.thenD.therefore

27.A.quiteB.onceC.oftenD.much

28.A.managementB.techniquesC.informationD.skills

29.A.subjectsB.modelsC.causesD.lessons

30.A.enhanceB.introduceC.ensureD.instruct

31.A.conveyB.convinceC.communicationD.conclude

32.A.urgentB.casualC.diligentD.occasional

33.A.proceedB.processC.preferD.predict

34.A.easierB.harderC.tougherD.faster

35.A.countonB.concentrateonC.insistonD.dependon

第II卷(非選擇題)

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.Sorapidlydoesthetechnologydevelopthatnoonecanpredictwhatmayhappentomorrow.The

numberof5GusersinChinahasreached20percent,whichleavesthepeopleintheworld(1)

(amaze).InChina,operatorsarequick(2)(provide)continuousnationwidecoverage,ensuring

usersaconsistentexperience.Theyalsoofferflexibleservicepackages,(3)deliversabeneficial

resultforbothusersandthemselves.

High-quality5Gnetworks(4)(drive)rapidgrowthofmobiledatatrafficsofar,accordingtoDing,

YunHuawei'sexecutivedirectorandpresidentofitscarrierbusinessgroup.Asisestimated,the

averagedatatrafficper(5)(use)permonthwillreach600GBby2O3O.Theenergyconsumption

ofwirelessnetworkswill(6)(certain)increasealot,ifenergyefficiencyofexistingnetworks

remainsunchanged.

However,(7)hasbeenconfirmedisthatHuaweihasofferedacomprehensiverangeproductsand

measuresthataddressthepowerconsumptionissuesofwirelessnetworks.

Huaweihasalreadyemployedlow-carbonstrategiesinmorethan100countries,includingSaudi

Arabia,Greece,PakistanandSwitzerland,(8)(help)operatorsreducecarondioxideemissions

by40milliontons.As_(9)_importantplayerinthecommunicationsindustry,Huaweiwillcontinueto

putgreendevelopmentatthecenterofeverythingitdoesanddevelopinnovativewaystobuild(10)

(green)5Gnetworksworldwidethanbefore.

(I)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

五、單詞拼寫(xiě).單句(本大題共10小題，共10.0分)

37.Freshairisf(基礎(chǔ)的；根本的)togoodhealth.

38.Anumberof(嫌疑犯)havenflownthecountry.

39.Attheageof20,hisopportunityhada(出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生)

40.IadmiredHelenbecausesheiso(樂(lè)觀的)aboutlife.

41.Untilnextpayday,Iwas1（真正地；真地）withoutanymoney.

42.Somepeoplesaythatclassicalmusicisa（與...有關(guān)）onlywitholdpeople.

43.Sheisdeterminedtoliveafulfillinglife（不管；不顧）ofwhatthefutureholds.

44.C（相反的）topopularbelief,womencausefewerroadaccidentsthanmen.（根

據(jù)中英文提示填空）

45.Chinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectand（防衛(wèi)；保衛(wèi)）themselves

againstknife

attacks.

46.Researchshowsthatyoungpeoplearemorelikelytobetrickedintop（參與；參力口）

inillegal

activities.

六、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共30.0分）

47.假定你是某國(guó)際學(xué)校的學(xué)生李華，你校正在開(kāi)展“健康飲食”的活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你代表學(xué)校用

英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一封倡議書(shū)。內(nèi)容包括；

1.健康飲食的重要性；

2.如何健康飲食；

3,發(fā)出倡議。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右;

2,可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

48.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Jennywastheonlychildinherhome.Shehadaquarrel（爭(zhēng)吵）withhermotherthatafternoonand

sheranoutofthehouseangrily.

Shecouldn'thelpcryingsadlywhenshethoughtofthescolding（指責(zé)）fromhermother.Having

wanderedaimlesslyinthestreetforhours,shefeltalittlehungryandwishedforsomethingtoeat,

butitwasnotpossibleforher,sinceshehadnothingwithher.Shestoodbesideastandforawhile,

watchingthemiddle-agedsellerbusydoinghisbusiness.However,withnomoneyinhand,shehad

toleave.

Thesellerbehindthestandnoticedtheyounggirlandasked,nHey,girl,youwanttohavethenoodles?

“Oh,yes***,butIdon'thavemoneyonme...”shereplied.

"That'snothing.Filtreatyoutoday,usaidtheman,"comein."Thesellerbroughtherabowlof

noodles,whosesmellwassoattractive.Asshewaseating,Jennycriedsilently.

"Whatisit?naskedthemankindly.

"Nothing,actuallyIwasjusttouchedbyyourkindness!"saidJennyasshedriedhertears,“Evena

strangeronthestreetwillgivemeabowlofnoodles,whilemymother,drovemeoutofthe

house.Sheshowednocareforme.Sheissocruelcomparedtoastranger!!1'

Hearingthewords,thesellersmiled,nGirl,doyoureallythinkso?Ionlygaveyouabowlofnoodles

andyouthankedmealot.Butitisyourmotherwhohasraisedyousinceyouwereababy.Canyou

numberthetimesshecookedforyou?Haveyouexpressedyourthankstoher?"

Jennysatthere,speechless；sherememberedmother'sfamiliarfaceandweatheredhands."Whydid

Inotthinkofthat?Abowlofnoodlesfromastrangermademefeelthankful,butIhavenever

thankedmymumforwhatshehasdoneforme."

Onthewayhome,Jennymadeuphermindtomakeanapologytohermotherforherrudenessas

soonasshearrivedhome.

注意：1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150詞左右；

2.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好。

Paragraph1：

Approachingthedoorway,Jennytookadeepbreath.

Paragraph2：

Agentletouchonherhaircalledhermindback.

(1)

⑵

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、B

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)AnneSavage的介紹中的Asaresult,theInternationalUnionfor

ConservationofNaturechangedtheclassificationofcotton-toptamarinsfromEndangeredtoCritically

Endangered,whichbroughtthespeciestomorepeople'snotice.（因止匕，國(guó)際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟將棉頂成

猴的分類(lèi)從瀕危物種轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闃O度瀕危物種，這使該物種引起了更多的人的注意。）可知，瀕危等

級(jí)的改變引起了更多人對(duì)它們的關(guān)注。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)ElenaBykova的介紹中的Illegalshootingisthesinglebiggestthreat,and

Bykovaconcentratesonraisingpublicawarenessofthedanger,findingalternativelivelihood

opportunitiesforlocalcommunities,andprotectingsaigahabitats.（非法狩獵是最大的威脅，貝科娃

專(zhuān)注于提高公眾對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的認(rèn)識(shí)，為當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)尋找替代性生計(jì)機(jī)會(huì)，并保護(hù)賽加羚羊的棲息地。）

可知，Bykova為當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駥ふ移渌\生機(jī)會(huì)，以防止他們非法狩獵賽加羚羊。故選C。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)對(duì)JeanneTarrant的介紹中的Frogsareastonishinglydiverseandbeautifulfor

Dr.Tarrant.Overtheyears,shehashelpedputthespotlightonmanyhighlythreatenedspeciesoffrogsthat

faceextinctionduetohabitatloss,climatechange,andhuntsbytheiranimalenemies.（在塔倫特博

士看來(lái)，青蛙的多樣性和美麗程度令人驚訝。多年來(lái)，她幫助人們關(guān)注了許多高度瀕危的青蛙物

種，由于棲息地喪失、氣候變化和它們的動(dòng)物敵人的捕獵，這些青蛙面臨滅絕。）可知，動(dòng)物天

敵的獵食對(duì)一些瀕危蛙類(lèi)造成了巨大威脅；根據(jù)對(duì)MarilynConnell的介紹中的Beinghuntedby

otherwildlifeistheMaryRiverturtle'sbiggestthreat.（被其他野生動(dòng)物獵殺是瑪麗河龜最大的威脅。）

可知蛙類(lèi)和瑪麗河龜受到其它物種的影響。故選B。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四位野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)主義者為保護(hù)一些高度瀕危的物種所做的

努力。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)

未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷：或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

4~7.【答案】B、A、A、D

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段句子

ThesemapsclearlyshowedthesubwaylinesthatreachedtheareasoutsidethecentreofLondon,

buttheymadeitdifficulttomakeoutthebusylinesthatjoineddirectlyundercentralLondon.（這些±也圖

清楚地顯示了到達(dá)倫敦市中心以外地區(qū)的地鐵線(xiàn)路，但它們使人們很難分辨出倫敦市中心直接連

接的繁忙線(xiàn)路。）早期地鐵地圖的缺點(diǎn)是有些東西它們很難畫(huà)出來(lái)。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。據(jù)第三段

Hisideawastocreatetheplainestguidetoshowtravelershowtogetfromonestationtoanother.（他的

想法是創(chuàng)建最簡(jiǎn)單的指南，向旅行者展示如何從一個(gè)車(chē)站到達(dá)另一個(gè)車(chē)站。）可知，貝克關(guān)注的

是地鐵地圖的簡(jiǎn)單性。A.Itssimplicity它的簡(jiǎn)單性。B.Itsvividdetails它生動(dòng)的細(xì)節(jié)；

C.Itscompleteness它的完整性；D.Itsgeographicalaccuracy其地理精度。故選A°

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段It，snotclearwhatinspiredhimtostarttheproject；

hewasn'taskedtodoit,butlikelydevelopedhisdesigninhisfreetime,whilebetweenjobs.It（尚不

清楚是什么激發(fā)了他開(kāi)始這個(gè)項(xiàng)目他沒(méi)有被要求這樣做，但很可能在工作間隙的空閑時(shí)間開(kāi)發(fā)了

他的設(shè)計(jì)。）貝克的地圖是意外創(chuàng)建的。A.Itwascreatedaccidentally它是意外創(chuàng)建的；

B.Itwasanimmediatesuccess這是立即成功的；C.Itwasareflectionofhiscreativity這反映了他

的創(chuàng)造力；D.Itwasdesignedtomeetpublicneed.它是為了滿(mǎn)足公眾需求而設(shè)計(jì)的。故選A。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段

Hiscleardiagrammaticmethodofmappinghasbeengenerallyacceptedandfollowedinthefieldofinfo

rmationdesignnotonlyinLondonbutalsoaroundtheworld.（他清晰的圖解制圖方法不僅在倫敦，

而且在世界各地的信息設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域都被廣泛接受和遵循。）可知，他為地鐵地圖的設(shè)計(jì)提供了一個(gè)

模型。故選Do

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了英國(guó)工程繪圖員HarryBeck,創(chuàng)造了一幅全新的倫敦地鐵地圖。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)

未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8~11.【答案】C、D、A、B

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中伊夫?德?斯梅特所說(shuō)"Theworkdescribesfarmerscutting

wheatnearlyastallastheyare,"（這幅作品描述的是農(nóng)民割幾乎和他們一樣高的麥子）和"Nowadays,

ifyouwalkthroughawheatfield,youbasicallyseewheatisaboutknee-high,whichisaconsequenceof

selectivebreedingfromthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury."（如今，如果你走過(guò)一塊麥田，你基本上

會(huì)看到小麥大約有膝蓋那么高，這是20世紀(jì)下半葉選擇性育種的結(jié)果）可知，小麥的高度由一人

高變成齊膝高，在高度上經(jīng)歷了很大的變化。故選C。

（2）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段ButVergauwensaid,"Thisisoneofthebestpainterseverfromthat

era.Soifhepaintsitlikethat,that'sthewayitmusthavebeen."（但維爾高文說(shuō)，"這是那個(gè)時(shí)代有

史以來(lái)最好的畫(huà)家之一。所以如果他把它畫(huà)成那樣，那就一定是那樣的。"）可知，Vergauwen認(rèn)

為FransSnyders畫(huà)的西瓜是真實(shí)的，表示支持。A.Curious.好奇的；B.Disapproving.不贊成的；

C.Doubtful.不確定的；D.Favorable.贊同的，支持的。故選D。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Theteamhopestosetupanonlineresearchdatabaseofhistoricalplant

artwork.Theycreateasocialmediahashtag（主題標(biāo)簽）forit.Anyonecouldsendpicturesofrelevant

artworkanddetailsofplantswhentheyvisitamuseumorexhibitthroughthehashtag（該團(tuán)隊(duì)希望建立

一個(gè)歷史植物藝術(shù)品的在線(xiàn)研究數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，他們?yōu)榇藙?chuàng)建了一個(gè)社交媒體。任何人在參觀博物館或

展覽時(shí)都可以通過(guò)這個(gè)標(biāo)簽發(fā)送相關(guān)藝術(shù)作品的圖片和植物的細(xì)節(jié)）可知，社交媒體標(biāo)簽被創(chuàng)建

是為他們的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)收集更多的與植物有關(guān)的繪畫(huà)作品。故選A。

（4）主旨大意題。閱讀全文,并根據(jù)第一段PieterBruegel's1565realisticpaintingTheHarvesters

hangsattheMetropolitanMuseumofArt...DeSmetsayshe'steamingupwitharthistorianDavid

VergauwenofAmaranttolookatthingswheretheycanspotdifferencesinshape,incolor,andin

size.Wheatisjustoneexampleofhowhistoricalartworkcanhelptrackthetransformationoffoodcrops

overtime.（皮特?布魯蓋爾1565年的寫(xiě)實(shí)畫(huà)作《收割者》掛在大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館……德斯梅特表

示，他正在與阿瑪蘭特的藝術(shù)史學(xué)家大衛(wèi)?維高文合作，研究那些可以發(fā)現(xiàn)形狀、顏色和大小差異

的東西。小麥只是歷史藝術(shù)品如何幫助跟蹤糧食作物隨時(shí)間變化的一個(gè)例子）以及第二段中they

notice