2023屆河南省高三第三次模擬英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2023屆高三年級(jí)第三次模擬考試

英語(yǔ)

考生注意：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼在

答題卡上的指定位置。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷

上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案

轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatwillthemanprobablyuse?

A.Anair-conditioner.B.Apaperfan.C.Anelectricfan.

2.Howmuchdoesthepiecosttoday?

A.$5.B.$7.C.$12.

3.Whereisthewomangoing?

A.Ameetinghall.B.Theairport,C.Theman'shotel.

4.Whywillthemanspeakercomebacklate?

A.Heisstuckinatrafficjam.

B.Heisplayingfootballwithhisfriends.

C.HeisdoinghomeworkatJohn'shouse.

5.Whydoesthewomanaskthemanforhelp?

A.Tobuysomee-books.B.Tocreateawebsite.C.Togetsomeadvice.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小

題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhyisCharlotteupset?

A.Shedoesn'tfeelwell.

B.Sheistoobusytohavesupper.

C.Shemademistakesduringwork.

7.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Cookingsupper.B.ComfortingCharlotte.C.OfferingCharlotteajob.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.AttheCustoms.B.Atthesupermarket.C.Atthehotel.

9.HowlongwillthewomanstayinLondon?

A.10days.B.4days.C.3days

10.WhatwillthewomandoinParis?

A.Haveamedicalexam.B.Seeherfriend.C.Takepartinacontest.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whafsthemanspeaker'sproblem?

A.Hisroommateistoonoisy.

B.Hedoesn'tspeaktohisroommate.

C.Hedoesn'twanttochangehisroommate.

12.Whatdoesthemanspeakerwantthewomantodo?

A.TalktoDavid.B.Changehisroom.C.TeachDavidalesson.

13.Whoisthewomanprobably?

A.Themanspeaker'steacher.

B.Themanspeaker'sfriend.

C.David'sfriend.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatdayisittoday?

A.It'sFriday.B.It'sSaturday.C.It'sSunday.

15.Whatdidthewomanthinkofgoingtothelibrary?

A.Boring.B.Great.C.Interesting.

16.Whatdidthemangetwhentheywentfishinglasttime?

A.10fish.B.Aboot.C.Nothing.

17.Whatdoesthemanprefertodothisweekend?

A.Gotothelibrary.B.Gomountainbiking.C.Stayathome

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatwasthehomelessmandoingwhenthespeakersawhim?

A.Lookingforaplacetoparkhiscar.

B.Pickingupsomeitemsinthestreet.

C.Strugglingwithhisshoppingcart.

19.WhydidthespeakermakeaU-turntocomeback?

A.Becausehewantedtohelptheman.

B.Becausehewantedtoparkhiscar.

C.Becauseheknockedthemanover.

20.Whatcanwedrawfromthespeaker?

A.Everyonecanbeahero.

B.Allheroesfeelthesame.

C.Smallthingscanmakeabigdifference.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該

項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

Getinthemoodforseasonalholidayswiththesetales,allsetintheseasontobejoyous.

The156-StoreyTreehousebyAndyGriffithsandTerryDenton

（MacmillanChildren's）

Thelatestbookinthisbest-sellingserieshasafestivefavour,asAndyandTerrycelebratetheNewYearintheir

ever-growingtreehouse,whichnowhas13newstoreys.Therearemeansnowmenandamind-readingsandwich

machine-allthesillyfimyou'dexpectfromtheTreehousebooks.

TheNewYearCompetitionbyMelTaylor-Bessent

(Farshore)

TheendingtoTheNewYearCarrollsrejoinsHollyandherfestival-obsessedfamily.

Anewfamilyleaderisintown,tryingtostealtheirgoldencrown.CantheCarrollswinacompetitiontoprove

thattheyarethemostfestivefamily?

MurderatSnowfallbyFleurHitchcock

(NosyCrow)

InthisthrillingmysterysetatNewYeartime,LucasandRubydiscoveranabandonedtrunkinthesnow.Soon

theyareinvestigatingacrime,butcantheysolveitbeforefallingsnowhidestheevidence?Perfectforyoutoreada

bookindoorsonacoldwinternight,thistalewillkeepyouguessing.

TheGrumpusandHisNewYearPlanbyAlexT.Smith

(MacmillanChildren's)

DoyouknowabouttheGrumpusandhisterribleNewYearplan?Whatabouttheawfulthingthathappenedat

theNorthPoleontheNewYear'sEve?InspiredbythestoriesoftheKrampusandtheGrinch,andpackedwithAlex

T.Smith'swonderfulillustrations,thisisabooktoenjoywithotherpeople.

1.Whatisspecialaboutthetreehouse?

A.Ithaswitnessedacrime.B.Itneverstopsgrowing.

C.Ithasagoldencrown.D.It'ssurroundedbysnowmen.

2.WhichbookwillpeopleprobablyreadiftheyareinterestedinlifeatthePole?

A.The156-StoreyTreehouse.B.TheNewYearCompetition.

C.MurderatSnoufalLD.TheGrumpusandHisNewYearPlan.

3.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?

A.Theybuildupyourconfidence.B.Theyhelpyoubecomegoodwriters.

C.Theymakeyouinafestivemood.D.Theyofferpuzzlesforyoutosolve.

【答案】1.B2.D3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了幾本可以讓你感受到節(jié)日氣氛的書(shū)籍。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thelatestbookinthisbest-sellingserieshasafestivefavour,asAndyandTerry

celebratetheNewYearintheirever-growingtreehouse,whichnowhas13newstoreys.(這個(gè)暢銷(xiāo)系列的最新一本

書(shū)有節(jié)日氣氛，安迪和特里在他們不斷增長(zhǎng)的樹(shù)屋里慶祝新年，現(xiàn)在樹(shù)屋有了13層新樓層）”可知，樹(shù)屋在

不斷生長(zhǎng)。故選B°

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"WhatabouttheawfulthingthathappenedattheNorthPoleontheNewYear's

Eve?（那新年前夜在北極發(fā)生的可怕的事情呢？）”可知，TheGrumpusandHisNewYearPlan講述的故事與

北極有關(guān)。故選D。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Getinthemoodforseasonalholidayswiththesetales,allsetintheseasontobe

joyous.（跟著這些故事一起度過(guò)季節(jié)性假期吧，所有這些故事都是在歡樂(lè)的季節(jié)里設(shè)定的）”可知，文中這幾

本書(shū)的共同點(diǎn)是都可以讓你感受到節(jié)日的氣氛。故選C。

B

OnaFridayeveninginDecember,Iwaslaidoff.Myheartsank.

Inthenextweek,Idesperatelyappliedforjobsasmybankaccountgrewsmaller.Ifeltasiftheworldwas

closinginonme.

Oneweekendafternoon,IdroppedmydaughterKristilinawealthygatedcommunityforabirthdayparty.I

watchedasshewentin,surroundedbyallthenicethingswecouldn'tafford.Idrovehomedefeatedly.

BackathomeIglancedoutthewindow.Ithadbeensnowingonandoffallmorning.Inoticedawomanwith

shortwhitehairstrugglingtoopenhercardooragainstthewind.Asshegotout,Irealizeditwasmyoldprofessor,

SisterEstherHeffernan.Ihadn'tseenhersincewe'dmetthreemonthsbefore.

IfirstmetSisterEsther10yearsagowhenIwasherstudentatEdgewoodCollegeinMadison,Wisconsin.

Kristilwas3atthetime,andIsometimestookhertoclass.SisterEstherwasunderstandingandwouldbringcoloring

bookstooccupyKristil.

EvenafterIgraduated,westillkeptintouch.Ihadgrowntoloveherlikefamily.

Irushedtothefrontofmybuilding.4tWhatareyoudoingoutinthisweather?^^Iaskedaswehugged.

“Well,Itriedtocallyoulastweekbutcouldn'tgetthrough.ThenIcalledyourcompanyandtheysaidyou

weren'tworkingthereanymore,soIthoughtIwouldcomeby,“SisterEsthersaid.UIhavegiftsforyouandKristiL”

Shehandedmeacard.t6ThisisforyouJshesaidasshekissedmeonthecheek.Iwalkedhertohercarand

wavedasshepulledaway.

WhenIopenedhercard,Iturnedinshock.Hundred-dollarbillsfellontothetable.Tearsofgratitudepuddledin

myeyesasIcounted.SisterEstherhadgivenme$1,000.

14yearspassed,butFveneverforgottenwhatSisterEstherdidforus.

4.Whydidtheauthorsaytheworldwasclosinginonher?

A.Becauseshecouldn,tfindanywell-paidjob.

B.Becauseshelostherjobandcouldhardlymakeendsmeet.

C.Becauseshehadnoaccesstoawealthygatedcommunity.

D.Becauseshecouldn'tcontentherselfwithnicethings.

5.Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelafterdroppingherdaughterforabirthdayparty?

A.Depressed.B.Hopeful.C.Awkward.D.Confident.

6.WhichofthefollowingcandescribeSisterEstherHeffernan?

A.Serious.B.Determined.C.Courageous.D.Thoughtful.

7.Whatdoesthetextwanttoconvey?

A.Loveme,lovemydog.

B.Theflamesrisehighwheneverybodyaddsfueltoit.

C.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.

D.Rosesaregiven,andthefragranceremainsinhand.

【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在作者因失業(yè)而窮困潦倒的情況下，以前的老師幫助她克服困難

的故事。

4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"OnaFridayeveninginDecember,Iwaslaidoff.Myheartsank.（12月的一個(gè)周五

晚上，我被解雇了。我的心一沉。）"和第二段"Inthenextweek,Idesperatelyappliedforjobsasmybankaccount

grewsmaller.Ifeltasiftheworldwasclosinginonme.（接下來(lái)的一周，我拼命地找工作，因?yàn)槲业你y行存款

越來(lái)越少了。我覺(jué)得好像整個(gè)世界都拋棄了我。）”可知，作者被解雇，拼命找工作，囊中羞澀，所以她感

覺(jué)像被這個(gè)世界拋棄了一樣。故選B項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Iwatchedasshewentin,surroundedbyallthenicethingswecouldn'tafford.Idrove

homedefeatedly.（我看著她走進(jìn)去，周?chē)际俏覀冑I(mǎi)不起的好東西。我沮喪地開(kāi)車(chē)回家。）”可知，作者在

送女兒參加生日聚會(huì)后，感到非常沮喪。故選A項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“SisterEstherwasunderstandingandwouldbringcoloringbookstooccupyKristil.

（Esther修女很善解人意，她會(huì)帶涂色書(shū)讓Kristil玩?！焙偷箶?shù)第二段中"SisterEstherhadgivenme$1,000.

(Esther修女給了我1000美元。)”可知，在作者上學(xué)的時(shí)候，Esther修女細(xì)心地照顧到作者的女兒，在作

者生活有困難的時(shí)候，Esther修女巧妙地送來(lái)現(xiàn)金幫助作者渡過(guò)難關(guān)。由此可知，Esther修女體貼入微

(thoughtful)o故選D項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了在作者因失業(yè)而窮困潦倒的情況下，以前的老師幫助她克服困難

的故事。由此可知，文章表達(dá)了“患難見(jiàn)真情”的主題。故選C項(xiàng)。

C

Scientistshaveknownformanyyearsthathouseplantsbenefitpeople'swell-being.Nowresearchershavefound

awaytomakeplantsevenbetterforhumanhealth.Usingamethodcalledgeneticmodification(GM),theyraised

plantsthatreduceindoorairpollution.GMmeanschangingaplantorananimalbyalteringitsDNA,including

addingDNAfromanotherspecies.

Indoorairpollutionisproducedbycleaningproducts,cooking,anddust,amongotherthings,anditcanbebad

forpeople'shealth.In1989,researchdonebyNASAfoundthathouseplantscouldcleantheairinahome.Later

studies,however,showedthatplantsactuallymadetoosmalladifferencetohelpmuch.Sincethen,scientistshave

beenexperimentingwiththeDNAofcertainpottedplantstotrytocreateonethatwillreducemoreairpollution.

In2018,scientistsfromtheUniversityofWashingtondecidedtoadaptahouseplantcalledpothos,ordevifsivy,

whichispopularandeasytocarefor.TheteaminsertednewDNAbasedonachemicalfoundinarabbifsliver.Inthe

animal,thechemicalbreaksdownharmfulsubstances.TheteamfoundthatthenewDNAmadetheplantbetterat

absorbingpollution.

Lately,acompanycalledNeoplantsaddedmoreDNA,fromtwotypesofbacteria.AsthedeviPsivygrew,the

teamstudieditcarefully.Testssuggestedthatitwasupto30timesbetteratsuckingpollutionthanthenon-GMplants

thatNASAtestedbackin1989.Thecompanyisalsoplanningtoaddbacteriatothesoilthatcomeswiththeplant,

whichcouldhelpbreakdownevenmorepollutinggases.

Thereismoreworktobedone,buttheteamatNeoplantsplanstousethistechnologyinothertypesof

houseplants.Ifallgoeswell,thecompanyhopespeopleintheUSwillbeabletodecoratetheirhomeswith

pollution-destroyingplantsbynextyear.Anothercompany,OrigenAir,sellsaplant-basedsystemthatcleanstheair

inbusinessesandhomes.ItiscurrentlyavailableinCanada.

8.WhydidscientistsusethemethodcalledGM?

A.Toincreasethechanceofindoorplants'survival.

B.Tofindanewwaytoimprovehumanhealth.

C.Togrowhouseplantstoreduceindoorairpollution.

D.Toseparatecertainhouseplantsfromotherspecies.

9.Howdidscientistsadaptthehouseplantpothos?

A.ByaddingDNAfromanotherspecies.

B.Byreplacingthesoilregularly.

C.Bybreakingdownharmfulsubstances.

D.Byexposingtheplanttoaspecialrabbit.

10.WhatistheresultofthetestaboutNeoplants5GMplant?

A.Ithadnoeffectonthesoil.B.Itabsorbedmoreairpollution.

C.Itcostmorethanthenon-GMplants.D.Itproducedevenmorepollutinggases.

11.Whatdoweknowaboutthepollution-destroyingplants?

A.TheyarewellreceivedbothintheUSandinCanada.

B.PeopleintheUSareusingthemtodecoratetheirhomes.

C.Theycancompletelycleantheairinbusinessesandhomes.

D.Thereisstillalongwaytogotomakethemwidelyavailable.

【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種使植物更有益于人類(lèi)健康的方法，他們使用一種叫做基

因工程（GM）的方法，培育出能更有效減少室內(nèi)空氣污染的植物。

【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Usingamethodcalledgeneticmodification（GM）,theyraisedplants

thatreduceindoorairpollution4通過(guò)一種被稱(chēng)為基因改造的方法，他們培育出了減少室內(nèi)空氣污染的植物）”

可知，科學(xué)家使用一種叫做基因工程（GM）的方法，培育出減少室內(nèi)空氣污染的植物。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Sincethen,scientistshavebeenexperimentingwiththeDNAofcertainpotted

plantstotrytocreateonethatwillreducemoreairpollution.（從那時(shí)起，科學(xué)家們一直在試驗(yàn)?zāi)承┡柙灾参锏?/p>

DNA,試圖創(chuàng)造一種能減少更多空氣污染的植物）”及第三段"TheteaminsertednewDNAbasedona

chemicalfoundinarabbifsliver.Intheanimal,thechemicalbreaksdownharmfulsubstances.Theteamfoundthat

thenewDNAmadetheplantbetteratabsorbingpollution』研究小組根據(jù)在兔子肝臟中發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)插

入了新的DNA。在動(dòng)物體內(nèi)，這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)能分解有害物質(zhì)。研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，新的DNA使植物更好地吸

收污染）”可知，科學(xué)家們通過(guò)加入新的DNA來(lái)培育降低空氣污染的綠蘿植物。故選A項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段

uTestssuggestedthatitwasupto30timesbetteratsuckingpollutionthanthenon-GMplantsthatNASAtested

backin1989.（測(cè)試表明，它比1989年美國(guó)宇航局測(cè)試的非轉(zhuǎn)基因植物吸收污染的能力高出30倍）”可知,

Neoplants的轉(zhuǎn)基因植物能吸收更多的空氣污染。故選B項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段uThereismoreworktobedone,buttheteamatNeoplantsplanstousethis

technologyinothertypesofhouseplants4還有更多的工作要做，但Neoplants的團(tuán)隊(duì)計(jì)劃將這項(xiàng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用于其

他類(lèi)型的室內(nèi)植物）”可推知，廣泛推廣使用消除污染的植物還有很多工作要做。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

Haveyoueverlookedupattheskyduringathunderstormandwonderedwhyforkedlightningmakesazig-zag

（之字形）pattern?Newresearchrevealswhy.

Thunderstormsarecausedwhenwarmairrisesupandmixeswithmuchcolderair.Asthewarmaircools,water

vapourintheairstartstothickenintotinydropletsofwater,whichiswhatcloudsaremadeof.Thesewaterdroplets

sometimesgetsocoldthattheyturnintoicecrystals（晶）andstarthittingeachother.Allthisbumpingaroundbuilds

upapowerfulelectricchargeinthecloud.Thatelectricitygraduallyseparatesintoapositivechargeatthetopofthe

cloudandanegativechargeatthebottom.ThenegativechargeisattractedtotheEarth'ssurface,andwhenthecharge

getspowerfulenough,thecloudzapsoutahugeamountofenergytowardstheground,whichweseeasaforkof

lightning-butwhyaretheyzig-zag?

DrJohnLowke,fromtheUniversityofSouthAustralia,saysthatlightningtravelsinaseriesof更“steps”

ratherthanonestraightbolt（|Aj電）.Aroundathundercloudthereisanelectricalfieldthatcangetsointensethatit

allowselectricitytoflowthroughtheairaseasilyasitcouldthroughawire.Lowke'sideaisthatelectricitybursts

throughtheairinashort"step”,lightingupforamillionthofasecond.Attheendofthestep,theelectricalcharge

buildsupagainuntilthere'senoughenergyforanotherstep.Thestepsarerepeated,creatingazig-zagshapedownto

Earth,buttheyhappensofastthatourbrainseesthewholeboltatthesamemoment.

Lowkesaysthatifwecanunderstandlightningwemightlearnhowtocontrolit,whichwillbeusefulbecause

lightningcandamagebuildingsandstartforestfires.Climatechangemakesbigthunderstormsmorecommon.

Lowkehopeshisworkwillhelppeopletodesignbuildings,aeroplanesandotherthingsthatcandealwithlightning

better.

12.Whatcausesaforkoflightning?

A.Therebeingmoreandmorewarmair.

B.Icecrystalscombiningwitheachother.

C.Cloudsreleasingpowerfulenergytotheground.

D.Electricityseparatingintoapositivecharge.

13Whatdoestheunderlinedword“iaRYed“inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Predictable.B.Irregular.C.Smooth.D.Concrete.

14.WhatisthesignificanceoflightningresearchaccordingtoLowke?

A.Itcanhelppeoplefurtherexplorethemagicuniverse.

B.Itcanhelppeopleavoiddamagetobuildingsandforestfires.

C.Itcanhelppeopledesignmorebeautifulbuildings.

D.Itcanhelppeopletakebetteradvantageoflightning.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowLightningIsGotRidofB.WhatCausesLightning

C.WhenLightningOccursD.WhyLightningIsn'tStraight

【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。新的研究揭示了為什么叉狀閃電會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出之字形。

【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“ThenegativechargeisattractedtotheEarth'ssurface,andwhenthe

chargegetspowerfulenough,thecloudzapsoutahugeamountofenergytowardstheground,whichweseeasafork

oflightning-butwhyaretheyzig-zag?（負(fù)電荷被吸引到地球表面,當(dāng)電荷變得足夠強(qiáng)大時(shí)，云層就會(huì)向地面

釋放出大量的能量，我們看到的就是閃電的分叉一一但為什么它們是鋸齒形的呢？）”可知，云層向地面釋

放強(qiáng)大的能量會(huì)造成了一個(gè)分叉閃電。故選C。

2.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞下文“ratherthanonestraightbolt（而不是通過(guò)一個(gè)直線(xiàn)的閃電）”可知，此處與

straight相對(duì)，應(yīng)表示“不規(guī)則的”。故選B。

3.推理判斷題。由最后一段第一句"Lowkesaysthatifwecanunderstandlightningwemightlearnhowtocontrol

it,whichwillbeusefulbecauselightningcandamagebuildingsandstartforestfires.（洛克說(shuō)，如果我們能夠理解

閃電，我們可能會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)如何控制它，這將是有用的，因?yàn)殚W電可以破壞建筑物和引起森林火災(zāi)）”可推知，

研究閃電有助于減少對(duì)建筑物的破壞和森林火災(zāi)。故選B。

4.主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Haveyoueverlookedupattheskyduringathunderstormandwondered

whyforkedlightningmakesazig-zag（之字形）pattern?Newresearchrevealswhy.（你是否曾經(jīng)在暴風(fēng)雨中仰望天

空，想知道為什么分叉的閃電會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出之字形的圖案？新的研究揭示了原因）”可知，本文是一項(xiàng)研究報(bào)告，

揭示了叉狀閃電會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出之字形的原因。由此可知,D項(xiàng)“為什么閃電不是直的”適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Winterisoneofthemostmagicaltimesoftheyeartogetmoving.16However,whenyouwakeupin

themorning,itcanbehardtofollowthroughonanexercisecommitment.Herearewaystokeepthatdrivegoing

throughoutthecoldmonths.

Workoutwithagroup.17Thisgivesyousocialsupportandcanhelpwithmakingfriends.Whenyou

exercisewithagroup,flakingout（入睡）isnolongeranoption.

Dressfortheweather.Whenyouareworkingoutinthewinter,especiallyifyouareexercisingoutdoors,keep

yourselfoutofthecoldinwarmlayers（層）.18Makesurethetoplayerkeepsoutthesnowandrain.Ifyou

plantoexerciseoutsideinthedarkorinbadweather,wherevisibilityispoorer,wearbrightandreflectiveclothingfor

safety.

Changeupyourworkout.19Doingthesametypeoftrainingcanbedemotivating.Thosewhovary

theirworkoutroutinesare20%likeliertoenjoytheexercisesession.Switchingupyourroutinecangiveyouaboost

ofmotivation,andhelpkeepwinterworkoutsfunandenjoyable.

20Usingphoneapps,orafitbit,orevengoinglowtechandmarkingyourcalendarinredpencanhelp

youvisualizehowyou'veprogressedthusfar.Findingasystemthatletsyoutrackyourexerciseachievementscan

giveyoutheextrapushtogetyougoingwhenthegoinggetshard.

NewYear'sresolutionsareagreatopportunitytostartanexerciseroutine.Sureworkingoutduringthewinter

maybeanuphillbattle,buttherearestrategiestogetusoverthehill,andontoahealthier,happiernewyear.

A.Trackyourtraining.

B.Varietyisimportanttoenjoyexercise.

C.Youcanmakeyourworkoutsenjoyable.

D.Yourlayersshouldbe,notjustwarm,butdry.

E.Useanapptoremindyouofanexerciseroutine.

F.Winterworkoutsgiveusenergytogetthroughwinter'scolddays.

G.Onewaytostaymotivatedduringwinteristoworkoutwithagrouporapartner.

【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.B20.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了讓人在冬季保持鍛煉的動(dòng)力的方法。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Winterisoneofthemostmagicaltimesoftheyeartogetmoving.（冬天是一年中最適合運(yùn)動(dòng)的季節(jié)

之一。）"可知，前文提到冬季適合運(yùn)動(dòng)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)aWinterworkoutsgiveusenergytogetthroughwinter'scolddays.

（冬季鍛煉給我們能量來(lái)度過(guò)冬天的寒冷日子。）”符合語(yǔ)境，承接前文解釋原因。故選F。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)前文"Workoulwithagroup.（和一群人一起鍛煉。）”可知，本段介紹和一群人鍛煉，G項(xiàng)"Onewayto

staymotivatedduringwinteristoworkoutwithagrouporapartner.（在冬天保持動(dòng)力的一個(gè)方法是和一群人或

一個(gè)伙伴一起鍛煉。）”符合語(yǔ)境，后文的"This"指代其中的"toworkoutwithagrouporapartner"。故

選G。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)前文uWhenyouareworkingoutinthewinter,especiallyifyouareexercisingoutdoors,keepyourselfoutof

thecoldinwarmlayers（層）.（當(dāng)你在冬天鍛煉的時(shí)候，尤其是在戶(hù)外鍛煉的時(shí)候，穿上保暖的衣服御寒。）”

和后文“Makesurethetoplayerkeepsoutthesnowandrain.（確保最外面的一層衣服能擋住雪和雨。）”可知，

此處討論冬季鍛煉的穿衣，衣物要具備特定的功能，D項(xiàng)"Yourlayersshouldbe,notjustwarm,butdry.（你

的衣服不僅要保暖，還要干燥。）”符合語(yǔ)境，其中的“warm”和前文的“warmlayers”呼應(yīng)，“dry”和

后文的"keepsoutthesnowandrain"呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明另一個(gè)功能。故選D。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文"Doingthesametypeoftrainingcanbedemotivating.（做同樣的訓(xùn)練可能會(huì)讓人失去動(dòng)力。）”可知，

此處解釋重復(fù)做同樣的訓(xùn)練的壞處，B項(xiàng)"Varietyisimportanttoenjoyexercise.（多樣化對(duì)于享受運(yùn)動(dòng)很重

要。）”符合語(yǔ)境，其中的“Variety”和前文的“Changeup”呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)做不同運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處。。故選B。

【20題詳解】

空處位于段首，需統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容，且和前文其他段落首句同樣使用祈使句。根據(jù)后文“Usingphoneapps,or

afitbit,orevengoinglowtechandmarkingyourcalendarinredpencanhelpyouvisualizehowyou'veprogressed

thusfar.（使用手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序，或者手環(huán)，甚至是低技術(shù)含量的東西，用紅筆在日歷上做標(biāo)記，都能幫助你

可視化到目前為止的進(jìn)展情況。）”可知，本段介紹要了解運(yùn)動(dòng)的進(jìn)展，空處會(huì)簡(jiǎn)潔地說(shuō)明這一點(diǎn)。A項(xiàng)

"Trackyourtraining.（跟蹤你的訓(xùn)練。）“符合語(yǔ)境,其中的“Track”和后文的“track”呼應(yīng)。故選A。

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳

選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Foryears,therewasanElf（圣誕小精靈）ineveryclassatSanFernandoElementarySchoolduringholiday

season.A（n）21inaneighborhood,Levinsonknewheryoungstudentshadit22-somewere

homeless,many23insmallrooms—soshemadesurethatherclass'sElfwas24tothemevery

holidayseason,helpingthemgetgiftstheywanted.

Despitebeingsurroundedbywealthyneighborhoods,theircommunitywasso25thatonrainydays,

kidshadto26trashbagswhencoiningtoschool.Somedidn'tbrushtheirteethbecausetheydidn'towna

toothbrush.

Levinsondecidedtodosomething.She27asimplewishlistonAmazon:a28foreach

studenttokeepoffthecold.Sheexplainedthestudents929.directedanypotential30towards

herAmazonwishlist,clickedtheSENDbutton3jandexpectedforthebest.

Fiveminuteslater,herneighbors32thewishinitsentirety.Andjustasquickly,theclasswas

33donatedblankets.SoLevinsonkept34thewishlist.Inthefollowingdays,itseemedthat

whateversheaskedfor,donors—fromCaliforniatoTexas—were35toprovide.Somanyitemspoured

intotheschoolthatthelibrarystoodunusableforweeks,piledwith36.

NewYear'sDaycomesbutonceayear,but37knowsnocalendar.For2022NewYear,the

communityagaincame38gifts.Levinsonsaid,“Whensomethinglikethiscomesup,everybody

39tohelp.Ifsjustbeautiful.”

Intheworldofayoungchild,whatmattersisbeingkindand40,askingforhelp,andsharingwhat

youhave.

21.A.doctorB.parentC.teacherD.officer

22.A.directlyB.wrongC.secretlyD.rough

23.A.exploredB.crowdedC.workedD.wandered

24.A.goodB.politeC.gratefulD.familiar

25.A.harmoniousB.remoteC.traditionalD.disadvantaged

26.A.gatherB.wearC.designD.count

27.A.createdB.spottedC.receivedD.checked

28.A.houseB.jacketC.stoveD.blanket

29.A.ruleB.principleC.situationD.discovery

30.A.viewerB.donorC.studentD.neighbor

31.A.clumsilyB.repeatedlyC.hopefullyD.proudly

32.A.completedB.reportedC.witnessedD.evaluated

33.A.classifyingB.mixedwithC.packingD.showeredwith

34.A.downloadingB.updatingC.observingD.analyzing

35.A.carefulB.hesitantC.generousD.welcome

36.A.shelvesB.wasteC.paperD.packages

37.A.givingB.thinkingC.forgivingD.winning

38.A.demandingB.returningC.bearingD.choosing

39.A.pullsinB.jumpsinC.dropsinD.cutsin

40.A.considerateB.confidentC.energeticD.patient

【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.D26.B27.A28.D29.C30.B31.C32.A33.