外研版九上時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)(Module-1)

TheSimplePresentTense一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一．什么時(shí)候用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)？一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用于表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，如：Heistwelve./Sheisatwork./Myfatherisadoctor.表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，通常與副詞always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,threetimesaday,everyday(week,month---)等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)聯(lián)用如：Igetupat6:30everyday.表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力等，如：Shelikesnoodles./TheyspeakFrench.表示客觀事實(shí)或真理，如：Thesunrisesfromtheeastandsetinthewest.二．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成。1.be動(dòng)詞。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中be動(dòng)詞有三種形式:am,is,are.其中am只用于主語(yǔ)是I的情況；主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)用is；其他人稱(chēng)用are。第一人稱(chēng)：指“我〞、“我們〞，即I，we。第二人稱(chēng)：指“你〞、“你們〞，即you。第三人稱(chēng)：除第一、二人稱(chēng)外都是第三人稱(chēng)，名詞都是第三人稱(chēng)。第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)：包括代詞he，she，it，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)都是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)做主語(yǔ)。第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)：包括代詞they，可數(shù)名詞兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上為復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Iamastudent.Youare11yearsold.Heisatwork.SheisaJapanesegirl.Itisfinetoday.TheyarefromKorea.2.如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不用be動(dòng)詞。那么，當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)、第二人稱(chēng)或第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，在肯定句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。如：Idomyhomeworkeveryday.WestudyChinese,MathandEnglishatschool.Youworkinasupermarket，don’tyou?Theygotoschoolbubus.Theboysoftenplaybasketballontheplayground.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，在肯定句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式〔簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)三單形式〕。如：Mr.Bushusuallygoestoworkinhiscar.Ourteacherwearsapairofglasses.Timefliesfast.Motherlikesapples.動(dòng)詞三單形式的變化規(guī)那么有：1〕直接加s：give—gives,ask—asks,take—takes,get—gets,write—writess,x,sh,ch,o結(jié)尾的,加es：fix—fixes,pass—passes,watch—watches,wash—washes,go—goes3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，要把y變成i再加es：study—studies,carry—carries,worry—worries特殊變化：have—has3．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的否認(rèn)句，如句中有am,is,are，直接在后面加not；沒(méi)有的，要在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前要加助動(dòng)詞don’t或doesn’t。主語(yǔ)為第一、第二人稱(chēng)和第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)的，用don’t；主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的，用doesn’t，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要恢復(fù)原形。如：Weareathome.Wearen’tathome.TheladyisfromCanada.TheladyisnotfromCanada.Iwanttogototheparty.Idon’twanttogototheparty.Theyhavesomecartoonbooks.Theydon’thaveanycartoonbooks.Thebullrunsfasterthanthelion.Thebulldoesn’trunfasterthanthelion.Mikelikesswimmingandskating.Mikedoesn’tlikeswimmingorskating.4．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句，如句中有am,is,are，把其提到主語(yǔ)前即可；沒(méi)有am,is,are的，要在主語(yǔ)前加助動(dòng)詞do或does。第一、第二人稱(chēng)和第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)的，用do；第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)的，用does，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要恢復(fù)原形。如：YouarefromSingapore.AreyoufromSingapore?–Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.Theteacherisintheoffice.Istheteacherintheoffice?–Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Youalwayskeeptheirclassroomclean.Doyoualwayskeeptheirclassroomclean?--Yes,wedo./No,wedon’t.LiuXiangrunsveryfast.DoesLiuXiangrunveryfast?--Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Shehassomegoodfriends.Doesshehaveanygoodfriends?--Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.注：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用于if,when,assoonas,until,等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間，條件等狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，即“主將從現(xiàn)〞。如：Wewillgotothezooifitisfinetomorrow.Shewilltellmethenewsassoonassheseesherfriends.Wewon’tseeeachotheruntilthewintervocationcomes.Theywillgotoworkatthisschoolwhentheyleavethecollege.練習(xí)：A.用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子。1.Itisspringnow.Jimoften________(climb)themountainswithhisbrother.2.Jackoften_________(watch)TVafterworkthesedays.3.Mr.Black__________(getup)ataquartertoseveneverymorning.4._________you_________(know)histelephonenumber?5.Usuallymyfather_________(catch)theNo.11bus_______(go)towork,butsometimeshe_____(go)bytaxi.6._________(be)everyoneheretoday?7.SueandI_________(be)goodstudents.8.Mr.Brown__________(look)veryyoung.9.I___________(nothave)anEnglishbook.10.He_________(go)tobedatnineintheevening.B.單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.—DoesJimhaveapear?–Yes,he_____.A.isB.haveC.doD.does()2.Idon’t_____breakfast,butmysister_____.A.has;hasB.have;doesn’tC.has;haveD.have;does()3.Jackdoesn’t_____pears,butLily_____toeatthemverymuch.A.likes;likeB.like;likesC.like;likeD.likes;likes()4.—What_____shedo?–Sheisateacher.She_____French.A.is;teachB.does;teachC.does;teachesD.do;teaches()5.She_____fishingwithhersistereverySunday.A.isgoingB.shallgoC.goD.goes()6.MrsRead______thewindowsonceamonth.A.iscleaningB.cleanC.cleaningD.cleans()7.Tomisaworker,he_____inafactory.A.workingB.worksC.workD.iswork()8.We_______musicandoften______tomusic.A.like,listenB.likes,listensC.like,arelisteningD.arelike,arelistening()9.MrGreenwillwritetomeassoonashe________toNewYork.A.willgetB.getC.getsD.areget()10.Theywillhaveafootballmatchifit________nextSunday.A.rainB.rainsC.doesn’trainsD.doesn’trainC.用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。WangLin_______(be)aschoolboy.He______(live)inBeijing.He________(study)inamiddleschool.WangLin_____(get)upathalfpastfiveeveryday.Afterthathe________(read)EnglishandChinese.He_______(have)breakfastatseven.WangLin________(go)toschoolsixdaysaweek.Inclasshe________(listen)totheteachercarefullyandhisteacher_________(like)himverymuch.,Afterschoolheusually______(play)gamesforhalfanhour.He_______(come)backhomeataboutfive.Intheeveninghe________(do)hishomework.Afterhe_______(finish)hishomework,he_______(watch)TVforlessthananhour.He_______(go)tobedataboutten.D.用方框中詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。have,take,comefrom,prefer,geton,hearfrom,return,walk1.MrLi___________ricetobread.Whataboutyou?2.Sometimestheygotoschoolbybike,sometimesthey________toschool.3.Mymotherusually________threemealsathome.4.Sheoften_________herparentsandwritestothemintime.5.Heisnotagoodstudentbecausehenever____________thebookstothelibraryontime.6.Myparentsoften________metovisitsomeplacesofinterestinsummerholidays.7.He________wellwithhisclassmatesandteachers.8.Who__________Canadainourschool?ThePresentContinueTense現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在〔說(shuō)話(huà)瞬間〕正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與now,look,listen等詞連用。如:HeiswatchingTVnow.或在語(yǔ)境中,如:1)Itisseveno’clock.Jimisdoinghishomework.2)Don’ttalkhere,thebabyissleeping.3)Wherearethestudents?Theareclimbingthemountain.也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：I’mwritinganovelthesedays.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為：be(am/is/are)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)3、動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)那么有：1)直接加ing：do—doing,play—playing,look—looking,listen—listening,watch—watching,carry—carrying,2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的，去e加ing：come—coming,dance—dancing，make—making,write—writing,drive—driving,ride—riding,3)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾字母再加ing：get—getting,put—putting,run—running,shop—shopping,forget—forgetting,sit—sitting,hit—hitting,cut—cutting4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否認(rèn)句，只須在am/is/are后加not。如：Iamlisteningtotheradio.I’mnotlisteningtotheradio.Fatherisreadingnewspaper.Fatherisn’treadingnewspaper.Theforeignersarevisitingourschool.Theforeignersaren’tvisitingourschool.Itisrainingheavilyoutside.Itisn’trainingheavilyoutside.5、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句，把a(bǔ)m/is/are提到主語(yǔ)前面即可。如：Emilyisworkingonthecomputer.IsEmilyworkingonthecomputer?---Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Thestudentsarehavingaclassnow.Arethestudentshavingaclassnow?---Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.Itissnowinginthenorth.Isitsnowinginthenorth?---Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.Heislisteningtothemusic.(對(duì)劃線(xiàn)局部提問(wèn))Whatishedoing?練習(xí)：A.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Heis__________(dance)now.2.Georgeis__________(fly)akitewithhisfriendsnow.3.MaryisanAmericangirl.She__________(sing)quitewell.Listen!She__________(sing)anewEnglishsong.Canyou___________(hear)her?4.Thestudents______________(listen)tothebirthdaysongnow.5.Look!Mike______________(sit)atthefootofthehill.6.Don’tmakeanynoise.Thestudents__________(have)animportantmeeting.7.It’sseveno’clockintheevening.TheSmithfamily____________(watch)TV.8.“Wherearethestudents?〞“They__________(play)footballontheplayground.〞9.“________yourmother________(cook)?〞“Yes,sheis.〞10.Listen.Someone__________(cry)overthere.B.單項(xiàng)選擇。1.—What______youdoingnow?---I______drawinganapple.A.are;amB.is;areC.are;areD.am;are2.Look,thetaxi______now.A.cameB.comeC.comesD.coming3.Weare______baseballmatchnow.A.lookingB.seeingC.watchingD.iscoming4.Listen!Who______inthenextdoor?A.issingingB.aresingingC.singD.sings5.---Whereisyourfather?---He_____hiscarintheyard.A.washesB.washC.iswashingD.washing6.---______Jackandhisbrother_______?--Yes，theyare.A.is;skatingB.is;skateingC.are;skateingD.are;skating7.It’seighto’clock..Thestudents_________anEnglishclass.A.haveB.havingC.ishavingD.arehaving8.Don’ttalkhere.Grandparents____________.A.issleepingB.aresleepingC.sleepingD.sleepC.將以下句子譯成英語(yǔ)。1、我們正在上英語(yǔ)課。__________________________2、看！大明正在操場(chǎng)上打籃球。他每周日下午打籃球。____________________________3、Tom在房間聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。_________________________________4、Mary沒(méi)在彈鋼琴。她在清掃房間。_______________________________________5、誰(shuí)在讀英語(yǔ)？_______________________________________________ThePastContinueTense過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與atthattime,atthatmoment,atthistimelast(yesterday,Monday,week---),at8:00yesterday等詞連用。如:Hewasreadingnewspaperatthistimeyesterday.也可用于when,while等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中。如：Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthehospital.Whilemymotherwascooking,Iwascleaningthehouse.2、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為：was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)3、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的否認(rèn)句，只須在was/were后加not。4、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句，把was/were提到主語(yǔ)前面即可。練習(xí)：A．用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1.Jim_________(write)aletteratthatmoment.2.Whenthetelephone________(ring),she________(do)herhousework.3.WhenI________(leave)theparty,thepeople________(enjoy)themselves.4.Whenmybrother________(come)intotheroom,I________(telephone)Mary.5.Whilethechildren______(play)outside,theirmother________(cook)theirdinner.TheSimpleFutureTense一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來(lái)經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,next(week,Sunday,month,year---),soon,intwohours,inthefuture等。如：I’mgoingtomakeamodelplanebymyselftomorrow.Sheisgoingtoseeherparentsnextmonth.Theywillbebacksoon..2、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞〔will或begoingto〕+動(dòng)詞原形注意：在疑問(wèn)句中，主語(yǔ)為I或we時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞用shall；如：Shallwego?WhatshallIdonext?書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，主語(yǔ)為I或we時(shí)，常用shall+動(dòng)詞原形；但在口語(yǔ)中，無(wú)論肯定句或否認(rèn)句，所有人稱(chēng)都可以用will.如：Weshallbeverypleasedtoseeyou.Shallwe…?還可作為建議或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)時(shí)的用語(yǔ)。如：Shallwehavearest?Shallwegoattenintheafternoon?3、will和begoingto的區(qū)別：1〕will：1.表示“帶意愿色彩的將來(lái)〞，即純粹的將來(lái)，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)。2.問(wèn)對(duì)方是否愿意，或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí)，常用willyou(please)…?如：We’llgotherebybike.TherewillbeanEnglishpartytomorrowevening.Willyoupleasestopsmoking?2〕begoingto：表示將要發(fā)生的事，或打算好、已在方案、決定要做的事，現(xiàn)在比擬確定。如：Whatareyougoingtodotonight?Theyaregoingtomeetatthecinemagate.Lookattheblackclouds!It’sgoingtorain.4、在否認(rèn)句中，只須在will或be〔am，is，are〕后加not；在疑問(wèn)句中，把will或be提到主語(yǔ)前即可。如：Themanagerwillagreewithhim.Themanagerwon’tagreewithhim.Willthemanageragreewithhim?Yes,hewill./No,hewon’t.Thepresidentisgoingtovisitthesmalltown.Thepresidentisn’tgoingtovisitthesmalltown.Isthepresidentgoingtovisitthesmalltown?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.練習(xí)：A：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Where______we________(have)themeetingtomorrow?2.They____________thefarmifitdoesn’trainnextSunday.3.Don’tworry.They________(finish)theworksoon.4.Shewillwritetoyouassoonasshe______(get)there.5.“When_______you______(do)yourhomework?〞“Thedayaftertomorrow〞B.選擇填空。1.---I_________cleanthehousethisSaturday.---Goodidea.I’dliketohelpyou.A.willcleanB.cleanedC.hascleanedD.havecleaned2.Mybrother__________forShanghainextWednesday.A.leaveB.leavesC.isleavesD.isleaving3.There________lesspollutioninfiveyears.A.wasB.willhaveC.hasD.willbe4.“Mike_______tothemovies.〞“SoamI.〞A.hasgoneB.willgoC.wentD.isgoing5.We_______youwithyourworkifwearefree.A.helpedB.arehelpingC.helpD.willhelpC.根據(jù)中文提示完成句子。布萊克先生明天從英國(guó)回來(lái)，是嗎？MrBlack___________________backfromEnglandtomorrow,_____________?他準(zhǔn)備明年學(xué)日語(yǔ)。He_____________________________Japanesenextyear.我翻開(kāi)窗戶(hù)好嗎？_______I_______thewindow?我認(rèn)為要下雨了。Ithink__________________________.如果我下周日有空兒，我就和他們一起去看電影。I______________tothecinemawiththemifI______freenextSunday.TheSimplePastTense一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday，last(night，week,year---),justnow,in1990，twodaysago等。也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也常和always，often等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Igotupat6:30thismorning.TheywereinShanghaitwodaysago.Myfatherwasatworkyesterdayafternoon.Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.2.在肯定句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式形式(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)過(guò)去式)。如：Hedidhishomework,wrotethediary,andthenwenttobed.ThomasEdisoninventedmorethantwothousandinventionsallhislife.Mr.Hillwasathomelastnight.Thechildrenwereathomeyesterdayevening.3.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化形式有：1〕規(guī)那么變化：直接加ed：look—looked,work—worked,listen—listened,play—played,stay—stayed,b.)以e結(jié)尾，加d：live—lived,hope—hoped,use—usedc.)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變以e結(jié)尾y為i再加ed：carry—carried,hurry—hurried,worry—worried,study—studied,d.)末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed:stop—toppedplan—plannedtrip—tripped2)常見(jiàn)不規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞：am/is----wasgo----wentdo----didhave----hadget----gotcome----camesay----saidsee----sawmake----madeput----putcut----cutread----readeat----atetake----tookwrite----wrotebring----broughtbegin----beganbuy----boughtdraw----drewdrive----drovefind----foundforget----forgotgrow----grewfly----flewhear----heardkeep----keptknow----knewlearn----learnleave----leftmeet----metride----rodering----rangrun----ransell----soldsing----sangsit----satsleep----sleptspeak----spokestand----stoodswim----swamteach----taughttell----toldthink----thoughtthrow----threwmay----mightunderstand----understoodcan----couldwill----wouldshall----should4.否認(rèn)句：如句中有was/were，直接在后面加not。如謂語(yǔ)為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，要在not前加did，動(dòng)詞要由過(guò)去式恢復(fù)原形。如：Theworkerswerebusyintheworkshop.Theworkersweren’tbusyintheworkshop.Ididthat.Ididn’tdothat.Theyfinishedtheirhomework.Theydidn’tfinishtheirhomework.5.一般疑問(wèn)句：如句中有was/were，直接將was/were提前到句首。如謂語(yǔ)為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，要在句首加助動(dòng)詞Did，動(dòng)詞要恢復(fù)原形。如：BethunewasaCanadiandoctor.WasBethuneaCanadiandoctor?Wewenttoseethemovielastnight.Didyougotoseethemovielastnight?Hewantedtobeascientist.Whatdidhewanttobe?6.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?Wherewereyouyesterdayevening?Whydidthegirlcomehere?Howdidtheyfinishtheworksofast?練習(xí)：A．用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Myparents__________homeverylateyesterday.(get)2.Thisstory__________alongtimeago.(happen)3.I________tobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.(notgo)4.Mary________abookfromthelibrarylastweek.(borrow)5.“When______thevisitors_______inBeijing?〞“Anhourago.〞(arrive)6.MrsBrown__________toseethefilmlastSunday.(go)7.LiPingdidn’tgototheparkbecausehe________ill.(be)8.He___________shoppingwithmeyesterday.(notgo)9.Where______yourfather________fiveyearsago?(work)10.Herfriends_________thisvillagelastweek,didn’tthey?(visit)B．選擇填空。1.LastSaturday,Tomwenttothesupermarket,________somebananasandvisitedhiscousin.A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.bought2.DavidandI______ourhouseworkjustnow.A.finishB.arefinishingC.finishedD.havefinished3.Motherreadthenewspaper,and____________.A.sodidmysisterB.somysisterdidC.sodoesmysisterD.somysisterdoes4.---“---soyouwenttoseethefilmwithKate.〞---“Yes.Mybrother______withus.〞A.won’tgoB.doesn’tgoC.didn’tgoD.isn’tgo5.There______anEnglisheveninglastweek.A.isB.willbeC.wasD.had6.She______herhomeworkbecauseshewasill.A.didn’tB.didn’tdoC.doesD.doesn’tdo7.Whattime_____hermother_______upthedaybeforeyesterday?A.does,getB.will,getC.did,getD.isgoing,toget8.Shesaidherparentswouldnotgototheparkifit________.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israining9.Where_____youanhourago?A.wasB.areC.wereD.is10.Mike_____thearmyandbecameanewsoldier.A.joinedB.joinC.willjoinD.hasjoinedC.根據(jù)中文本意思，完成句子。1.昨天他們上學(xué)遲到了。They_________________schoolyesterday.我沒(méi)有去農(nóng)場(chǎng)，因?yàn)槲疑×恕____________tothefarmbecauseI___________.3.“李平什么時(shí)候到這兒的？〞“半小時(shí)前。〞“When_____LiPing_______here?〞“Twentyminutesago〞去年你父親是在個(gè)工廠工作嗎？_____yourfather______inthisfactory____________?直到電視劇結(jié)束我才睡覺(jué)。I___________tobeduntiltheTVplaywasover.ThePerfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)〔1〕表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果依然存在。常與副詞already,yet,just,ever,never,once,twice,threetimes,before等連用。Wehavealreadyknowneachother.Ihavejustwashedmyface.Hehasbeentothisislandbefore.〔2〕也表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且有可能繼續(xù)下去，常與for,since,sofar等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如：Wehaven’tgotanythingtodrinksincelastnight.MrZhanghasbeeninBeijingforoverthirtyyears.Hehasreadthreebookssofar.注：這種用法中的動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)次代替。常見(jiàn)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：buy—haveborrow—keepcome—behereleave/go—beawaybegin/start—beondie—bedeadjoin—bein如：IIhavekept(borrow)thebookfortwoweeks.Shehashad(buy)thisbikeforayear.Theoldmanhasbeendead(die)sincelastyear.Theyhavebeenaway(leave)fortwohours.2．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí),助動(dòng)詞用has,其他人稱(chēng)用have.過(guò)去分詞：規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞同過(guò)去式，不規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞需要記憶。AAA型1)cost—cost—cost2)cut—cut—cut3)hit—hit—hit4)hurt—hurt—hurt5)let—let—let6)put—put—put7)read—read—read8)set—set—set9)shut—shut—shutAAB型beat—beat—beatenABA型1)become—became—become2)come—came—come3)run—ran—runABB型1)bring—brought—brought2)buy—bought—bought3)think—thought—thought4)catch—caught—caught5)teach—taught—taught6)build—built—built7)lend—lent—lent8)send—sent—sent9)spend—spent—spent10)lose—lost—lost11)smell—smelt—smelt12)burn—burnt—burnt13)feel—felt—felt14)learn—learnt—learnt15)hear—heard—heard16)mean—meant—meant17)keep—kept—kept18)sleep—slept—slept19)sweep—swept—swept20)tell—told—told21)stand—stood—stood22)understand—understood--understood23)say—said—said24)pay—paid—paid25)meet—met—met26)leave—left—left27)hold—held—held28)dig—dug—dug29)find—found—found30)get—got—got31)hang—hung—hung32)have—had—had33)make—made—made34)shine—shone—shone35)sit—sat—sat36)win—won—wonABC型1)blow—blew--blown2)draw—drew—drawn3)fly—flew—flown4)grow—grew—grown5)throw—threw—thrown6)know—knew—known7)choose—chose—chosen8)eat—ate—eaten9)fall—fell—fallen10)ride—rode—ridden11)rise—rose—risen12)hide—hid—hidden13)see—saw—seen14)shake—shook—shaken15)take—took—taken16)mistake—mistook--mistaken17)wake—woke—waken18)write—wrote—written19)be—was/were—been20)do—did—done21)break—broke—broken22)forget—forgot—forgotten23)give—gave—given24)freeze—froze—frozen25)begin—began—begun26)ring—gang—rung27)drink—drank—drunk28)go—went—gone29)lie—lay—lain30)sing—sang—sung31)swim—swam—swum32)wear—wore—worn33)show—showed—shown34)sink—sank—sunk3．否認(rèn)句:助動(dòng)詞have/has+not+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞如：Ihavereadthisbook.Ihaven’treadthisbook.Hehashadhisbreakfast.Hehasn’thadhisbreakfast. 4.一般疑問(wèn)句：助動(dòng)詞提前。如：ShehasbeentoBeijing.HasshebeentoBeijing?TheyhavealreadylearnedthreeEnglishsongs.HavetheylearnedthreeEnglishsongsyet?注：have/hasbeento表示“去過(guò)某地〞have/hasgoneto表示“去某地了〞人不在說(shuō)話(huà)處。主語(yǔ)常用第三人稱(chēng)。練習(xí)：A．用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.We______already_____