Unit1WishyouwerehereGrammarandUsage課件-牛津譯林版（2020）高中英語選擇性必修第三冊

U1WishyouwerehereGrammarandusagetourism旅游業(yè)Readthepassage(P6)andfillinthetablebelowAdvantagesDisadvantagesConclusionPara._____________Para._____________Para._____________12-34Disadvantages(not)abedofroses(并非)輕松的境況/令人愉快的情況ConclusionWhatshouldwepayattentiontowhentraveling?Beresponsibletouristsandreducethenegativeimpact!引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why等who,whom,whose,which,that等定語從句的相關(guān)概念關(guān)系詞的功能:

1)連接主句與從句

2)指代先行詞3)在從句中充當(dāng)成分Theman

wholivesnexttousisapoliceman._______先行詞___關(guān)系詞___________

定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：

先行詞+關(guān)系詞+句子1.先看先行詞2，再看引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。解決定語從句的思維二、關(guān)系代詞（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代關(guān)系指人指物在定語從句中的作用WhoWhomWhichthatwhose√√√√√√√主語

賓語賓語主語

賓語主語

賓語定語關(guān)系副詞（where,when）的指代關(guān)系指地點指原因指時間在定語從句中的作用√√時間狀語地點狀語介詞+whichwhere

(=at/in/···which)when(=at/on/in/during/···which)why(=forwhich)原因狀語√1.Theman_________cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Achild_______parentsaredeadiscalledTom.

3.Ilikethepersonto_________youjusttalked.4.Istillremembertheday

Ifirstcamehere.5.Thefactory

hisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.

6.Thatisthereason

Ididthejob.who/thatwhosewhomRevisionwhenwherewhyNon-restrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定語從句Belowisanarticleabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftourism.Findthesentenceswithnon-restrictiverelativeclausesinthearticleandfillintheboxofpartAonpage6.Theseindustries,inturn,givejobstothelocalpopulation,whosewelfaredependsontourism.Step

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ExploringtherulesThepricesoftouristessentialssuchastransport,accommodationandfoodusuallyincreasetoo,whichbringsevenmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunity.Morenature-centredtouristattractions,wheremanandnatureliveinharmony,canbegreatlyimpactedorevendestroyedbythefloodoftourists.Asresourcesareusedmorerapidlythantheycanbesustained,wildlifehabitatsarelikelytosuffer,whichcouldendangerthelocalplantsandanimals.Localfestivalsandcustoms,whichmayhavedeepmeaninginaparticularculture,cansimplybecomeentertainmentfortourists.非限制性定語從句構(gòu)成：+,+關(guān)系詞先行詞Shehastwobrothers,(whoareworkinginthecity).+其他部分(1)StPetersburg,_______isaverybeautifulcity,wasoncecalledLeningrad.(2)YesterdayImetLiPing,_____seemedtobeverybusy.(3)HecametotheUnitedStatesin1914,_____WorldWarⅠbrokeout.(4)Singapore,______Ihavelivedfortenyears,isadynamiccountrywithmanyaskyscaper.(5)TheQueenwillvisitthetowninMay,______shewillopenthenewhospitalthere.

同限制性定語從句一樣，非限制性定語從句也可由關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，但從句中的關(guān)系詞不可省略，關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不可用于非限制性定語從句。whichwhowhenwherewhen(1)Beijing,______isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.(2)ThisisNewYork,______Ihavevisitedforseveraltimes.(3)HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,______greatlyupsetsme.(4)Hewaslateagain,______madetheteacherveryunhappy.which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，其先行詞可以是主句中的某個單詞或短語，也可以是整個句子；which在從句中可作主語、賓語或定語等，不可省略。whichwhichwhichwhich在非限制性定語從句中，whom、which前面可以加some/several/afew/many/more/mostof等修飾詞，表示整體中的部分或所有。Ihavemanyfriends,_________________areexperts.我有許多朋友，其中一些是專家。Ihavebeentomanybigcities,__________haveleftadeepimpressiononme.我去過很多大城市，所有的都給我留下來深刻的印象。someofwhomallofwhich注意：“名詞+介詞of+關(guān)系代詞”有時可以用“whose+名詞”或“of+關(guān)系代詞+名詞”替換。

whose+n.(人/物)=the+n.+ofwhom/which=ofwhom/which+the+n.那幢樓房曾經(jīng)被整修過，但在一場大火中，樓頂又被燒毀了。Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,_______________wasdestroyedagaininabigfire.Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,_______________wasdestroyedagaininabigfire.Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,_________wasdestroyedagaininabigfire.theroofofwhichofwhichtheroofwhoseroof(1)Thecar,________Ipaidalotofmoney,isnowoutofdate.(2)Isuggestyougotoaspecialist,__________youcangetanswerstomostofyourquestions.(3)Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson,________shecouldturnforhelp.(4)Inthischapter,oneofourproblemsistodiscovertheprinciples_________thesetestsarebased.

介詞+關(guān)系代詞也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，但在這種定語從句中，介詞通常前置，關(guān)系代詞也不可省略。(指物：which;指人：whom)forwhichfromwhomonwhichtowhom注意事項：關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定(1).依據(jù)定語從句中動詞的某種習(xí)慣搭配來確定。Iboughtagreatmanybooks,

IspentallmymoneythatIsaved.(2).依據(jù)先行詞的某種習(xí)慣搭配來進行。I’llneverforgetthetime

Ispentmychildhoodinthecountry.(3).根據(jù)所表達的意思來確定。Thecolorlessgas

wecannotliveiscalledoxygen.onwhichduringwhichwithoutwhichas引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，先行詞可以是整個主句或主句的一部分。as引導(dǎo)的從句可以置于主句前、主句中或主句后。as是關(guān)系詞中唯一可以置于句首的關(guān)系詞。

1.AsisknowntotheUnitedStates,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.美國人都知道，馬克·吐溫是一位偉大的美國作家。2.Heisabsorbedinwork,asheoftenwas.他正在全神貫注地工作，他過去經(jīng)常這樣。3.Asweallknow,theearthisround.眾所周知，地球是圓的。4.Taiwanis,

asyouknow,

aninseparablepartofChina.你知道，臺灣是中國不可分割的一部分。1.固定句型：Thesame…..as;such….as;so…as…;as…as…Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.Iwanttobuysuchabookasyouhave.HeisnotsuchapersonasIexpected.2.當(dāng)先行詞為整個句子時，常譯為“正如”、“正像”Asweallknow眾所周知Asisknowntoall眾所周知Asissaidabove,…..如上所述Asisoftenthecase,….情況常常如此Asisreportedinthenewspaper,…..正如報紙報道的那樣1.TaiwanbelongstoChina,

isknown.2.Sheisapatient,

isshowninherwork.3.

theauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnoraahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.4.Myeldersisterhasbecomeadoctor,

Iwantedtobe.5.Thebook,

Iboughtyesterday,isveryinteresting.6.Heisnotthesameman____hewas.

asAsas/whichwhichwhichDifference

as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中間或放在主句末尾；而

which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句后面。as指人指物主語賓語定語whowhomwhose√√√√√√which√√√Attention非限制性定語從句中指物，不能用that關(guān)系詞先行詞在從句的作用where

when

forwhich

why

不可用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，forwhich代替why表地點的詞地點狀語表時間的詞時間狀語原因狀語reason√非限制性定語從句中介詞后的關(guān)系代詞指代人只能用whom,指代物只能用which不能用其他?！胺窍薅ā笔褂谜f明書1.從句中所有的關(guān)系詞都______省略2.從句不能用_______引導(dǎo)3.在“非限定”中,指人的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時，________________,不能用who替換,也不能省略。4.從句_____________引導(dǎo)，要用_____________

代替why5.從句置于句首時,不能用_______引導(dǎo);而用____引導(dǎo)(as可放主句前,中，也可放主句后)Conclusion不可that只能用賓格whom不能用whyforwhichwhichas限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上________逗號________逗號意義上去掉后句意_____去掉后句意_____作用上修飾限制可修飾_________補充說明作用可修飾___________翻譯時譯為...的可譯為并列句關(guān)系詞做賓語可以省略可用that可用who代替whom不可省略不可用that,why(forwhich)引導(dǎo)不用who代替whom不完整不用用完整先行詞或主句先行詞Distinctionrestrictiverelativeclausesnon-restrictiverelativeclause1.Isawtheguywhodelivers

mymailintownyesterday.2.I'llalwaysremembertheriverwherewelearnedto

swim.3.Doyouknowthereasonwhytheskyisblue?4.She'sthepersonwhose

daughtergoestoHarvard.1.Paris,

whereIspentsixmonthsstudying,isthemostbeautifulcityintheworld.2.Thewomandownthestreet,whosechildrenarethesame

ageasyours,invitedusoverfordinnernextweek.3.Themovie,whichismy

favoritecomedyofalltime,isbeingshownonTVtomorrownight.Howrestrictiverelativeclauses

differfromnon-restrictiverelativeclauses?若去掉，句子含義不明確whichguy?whichriver?thereasonforwhat?whichperson?若去掉，不影響句子含義無逗號與主句隔開有逗號與主句隔開1.Thefactory_______________theyvisitedlastyearwasdestroyed.2.Thestudentsarethankfultotheteacher________hastaughtthemfor3years.3.Istillrememberthedays_______________Ispentinthecollege.4.Heistheman________nameisTom.PracticemakesPerfect四部曲：1.劃分主從句2.圈先行詞3.先行詞帶入從句that/which/省who/thatthat/which/省whoseStep

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DetailrulesMyeldestson,________worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.2.Thelittleproblems______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsfor

greatinventions.3.ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,_________wasbothwidelyreviewed

andhighlypraised,strengthenedDickensstatusasaleadingnovelist.4.Manyyoungpeople,mostof________werewell—educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.whosethatwhichwhomStep

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Detailrules5.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,________theweathermaybebetter.6.Oneday，mentallyexhausted，Iwrotedownallthereasons________thisproblemcouldnotbesolved.7.Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneof________hasbeenproved.8.Imadefriendsw