2022-2023學年安徽省宣城市高一上學期期末調(diào)研考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學精品試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省宣城市2022-2023學年高一上學期期末調(diào)研考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)。聽下面五段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.WhatwasMr.Smithliketoday?A.Hewasactive.B.Hewasgentle.C.Hewashumorous.2.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.It’swindy.B.It’ssunny.C.It’srainy.3.Whatisnexttothebookstore?A.Ahospital.B.Arestaurant.C.Abank.4.Whatdoesthemando?A.Heisawaiter.B.Heisamusician.C.Heisadriver.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inapetshop.B.Onthestreet.C.Attheman’shome.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面五段對話或獨白。每段對話和獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀每個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthepurposeoftheparty?A.Togiveawards.B.Towelcomeanewcoworker.C.TocelebrateMr.Carter’sbirthday.7.Whenwillthewomanpickuptheman?A.At6:30pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At7:30pm.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatdoesthemancareaboutmost?A.Thepositionoftheapartment.B.Thedecorationoftheapartment.C.Thesupplyofhotwater.9.Whichisincludedintherent?A.Water.B.Electricity.C.TheInternet.10.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$400.B.$450.C.$500.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whenwillthemanmakeaspeech?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.12.Whatisthewoman’sadvice?A.Takingexercise.B.Takingarest.C.Takingsomemedicine.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Coworkers.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.hatdidthewomandoduringthesummerholiday?A.Shetravelled.B.Shestayedathome.C.Shewroteabook.15.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Tosharehisholidayexperience.B.Toaskforsuggestionsabouttravelling.C.Toinvitethewomantotravelwithhim.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Bookahotelearlier.B.Bringenoughmoney.C.Appreciatethesea.17.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoftheViewHotel?A.It’snoisy.B.It’scheap.C.It’slarge.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatissaidaboutajourneytothesun?A.Itattractsmanyspacemen.B.Itistoolongtomake.C.Itneedshighertechnology.19.Whatistheaveragetemperatureonthesun?A.About6,000℃.B.About9,000℃.C.About9,300℃.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Theimportanceoflight.B.Lifeontheearth.C.Someamazingthingsaboutthesun.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AFourprogramsforyouthsHighMountainInstituteCentraltoallHighMountainInstituteprogramsisextendedexperienceinoutdooradventure.Eachcoursegoesintogreatdepthtodevelopstudents’outdoorskills,leadership,andenvironmentalawareness.Throughlivingandtravelingwithasmallgroupofpeersandinstructors,studentsfocusonpracticingleadershipandtheabilitytoworkeffectivelyinateam.ProgramStarts:Fall,Winter,Spring,SummerProgramDuration:Lessthan2months,Semester,YearlongTypicalProgramCost:$6,200——$9,500RaleighInternationalRaleighExpeditionisaninternationalvolunteeringprogramrunbyRaleighInternational,whichengagesvolunteersincreatinglong-lastingchangeoncommunity,environmentalandadventureleadershipprojects.AllRaleigh’sworkcontributestowardsthesustainabledevelopmentgoals,startingwithdevelopingtheskillsofyoungpeople.ProgramStarts:Fall,ring,SummerProgramDuration:Lessthan2months,Semester,YearlongTypicalProgramCost:$6,100——$7,150CIEEFoundedin1947,CIEEistheoldestandlargestnonprofitstudyabroadandinterculturalexchangeorganizationintheUnitedStates.TheLanguageandCultureProgramsenablestudentstoimmerse(浸沒)themselvesinthelocalscene,whileimprovingtheirfluencyinSpanish,French,German,Italian,JapaneseorArabic.Thehighqualityprogramsprovidesparticipantswithskillsandexperiencesthatelevatetheirability,tocontributepositivelytotheirglobalcommunity.ProgramStarts:Fall,Winter,Spring,SummerProgramDuration:Lessthan2months,Semester,YearlongTypicalProgramCost:$9,800——$16,000YouthInternationalYouthInternationaloffersexperiential,learningprogramsthatcombinevolunteercommunityservicework,homestayswithlocalfamilies,internationaltravel,andoutdoorexpeditions.Developingmorepersonallyandsociallyawarefutureleaders,italsohopestotakesmallstepstowardbridgingthegapbetweenpeopleofdifferentnations.ProgramStarts:Fall,SpringProgramDuration:Lessthan2monthsTypicalProgramCost:$4,950——$5,9501.WhatcanstudentsdoatHighMountainInstitute?A.Learncommunicatingskills. B.Learntoleadandcooperate.C.Bridgethegapbetweennations. D.ImprovetheirfluencyinEnglish.2.Whichorganizationwillyouchooseifyoupreferinternationaltravelwithatightbudget(預算)?A.CIEE. B.RaleighInternational.C.YouthInternational. D.HighMountainInstitute.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toeducate. B.Toencourage. C.Toentertain. D.Tointroduce.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.D〖解析〗〖導語〗這是一篇應用文，主要介紹了四個適合青少年參加的活動。〖1題詳析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HighMountainInstitute部分“Throughlivingandtravelingwithasmallgroupofpeersandinstructors,studentsfocusonpracticingleadershipandtheabilitytoworkeffectivelyinateam.(通過與一小群同齡人和教師一起生活和旅行，學生們專注于實踐領導力和在團隊中有效工作的能力。)”可知，在HighMountainInstitute，學生們可以學會領導力和團隊協(xié)作能力，故選B項。〖2題詳析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HighMountainInstitute活動的費用信息“TypicalProgramCost:$6,200——$9,500(典型活動費用：6,200-9,500美元)”和RaleighInternational活動的費用信息“TypicalProgramCost:$6,100——$7,150(典型活動費用：6,100——7,150美元)和CIEE活動的費用信息“TypicalProgramCost:$9,800——$16,000(典型活動費用：9,800——16,000美元)和YouthInternational活動的費用信息“TypicalProgramCost:$4,950——$5,950(典型活動費用：4,950——5,950美元)”可知，如果手頭并不寬裕，那么可以參加YouthInternational.機構(gòu)組織的國際旅行活動，故選C項?！?題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章總標題“Fourprogramsforyouths(四項青少年活動)”可知，這篇文章的寫作目的，是介紹四個適合青少年參加的活動，故選D項。BBiancaBrown,ajunioratSpringfieldHighSchool,hadalwaysenjoyedartsandcrafts(工藝)asachild.So,whenherbusyschedulewascrossedoutbyCOVID-19,Biancalookedtoherpasttodesignherfuture.Sheorderedingredients(材料)andmixedthemtogethertocreatesoapsofdifferentshapesandotherpersonalcareproducts.“Ireallycouldstartabusinessdoingthis,”shethought.Thus,BiancacreatedSimplyB.LLC,abeautybrand(品牌)sellingpersonalcareproductstofriendsandfamilyatfirst.Throughtheuseofthesocialmediaapp,TikTok,Biancawasabletoreachthousandsofcustomers.“Iwokeupto50ordersthenextdayaftermyfirstvideospreadontheInternet,”shesaid.“It’sunbelievable.Idon’tevenknowhowIreallygotallthatdone,tobehonestwithyou.”Biancaisamongthebusiestatherhighschool.Sheplaysvolleyball,runstrackandfield,andrecentlystartedaBlackstudentunion.SheisamemberofthecommunityserviceclubandisalsoapartoftheNationalHonorSociety.Withherhighmarks,it’sclearthatnoneofheracademic(學業(yè)的)responsibilitiestakeabackseattohersmallbusiness.Butstill,Biancasucceedsasbothastudentandbusinesswoman.Biancahopestocontinuebuildingherbrandinthefutureandpossiblyhelpotherchildrenfollowtheirdreams.“Ireallywanttoinfluenceotherkidsandshowthemhowtobeyoungbusinessmenorbusinesswomenandfeelthatsomeonecouldbeencouragedbyme,”shesaid.4.WhatdidBiancadecidetododuringCOVID-19?A.Teachartsandcraftsonline.B.Takeanonlinebusinesscourse.C.Spendmoretimeonherschoolwork.D.Makepersonalcareproductsandsellthem.5.WhatsurprisedBiancaafterherfirstvideospreadontheInternet?A.Shereceivedsomeorders.B.Sheattractedlotsoffollowers.C.Someonedoubtedherhonesty.D.Someonegaveherajoboffer.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutBiancafromparagraph5?A.Sheputshersmallbusinessfirst.B.Sheconsidersitunimportanttogethighmarks.C.Shefindsitdifficulttocompletealltheschoolwork.D.Shedoeswellinherstudiesandtakesanactivepartinschoollife.7.WhatdoesBiancaexpectofherself?A.Shewillcreateanewbrand.B.Shewillbeacreativebusinesswoman.C.Shewillbeagoodinfluenceonotherkids.D.Shewillinviteyoungkidsintoherbusiness.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.D7.C〖解析〗〖導語〗本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了高中生Bianca在疫情期間開創(chuàng)了自己的品牌，并且還受到了一致好評，她希望將來自己能夠激勵更多的青少年?！?題詳析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Sheorderedingredients(材料)andmixedthemtogethertocreatesoapsofdifferentshapesandotherpersonalcareproducts.“Ireallycouldstartabusinessdoingthis,”shethought.(她訂購了原料，將它們混合在一起，制成了不同形狀的肥皂和其他個人護理產(chǎn)品?！拔艺娴目梢钥窟@個來創(chuàng)業(yè)，”她想。)”可知，她在疫情期間做了一些個人護理產(chǎn)品并售出。故選D?！?題詳析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““Iwokeupto50ordersthenextdayaftermyfirstvideospreadontheInternet,”shesaid.“It’sunbelievable.Idon’tevenknowhowIreallygotallthatdone,tobehonestwithyou.”(她說：“在我的第一個視頻在網(wǎng)上傳播后，第二天我就收到了50份訂單?！薄斑@是難以置信的。說實話，我都不知道我是怎么做到這些的?！?”可知，她對于自己收到訂單感到很驚訝。故選A?！?題詳析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“SheisamemberofthecommunityserviceclubandisalsoapartoftheNationalHonorSociety.Withherhighmarks,it’sclearthatnoneofheracademic(學業(yè)的)responsibilitiestakeabackseattohersmallbusiness.Butstill,Biancasucceedsasbothastudentandbusinesswoman.(她是社區(qū)服務俱樂部的成員，也是國家榮譽學會的一員。她成績好，很明顯她的學業(yè)沒有讓位于她的小生意。盡管如此，Bianca還是成功地成為了一名學生和商人。)”可知，Bianca不管是學業(yè)上還是在學校各項活動中都表現(xiàn)得非常好。故選D?！?題詳析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Biancahopestocontinuebuildingherbrandinthefutureandpossiblyhelpotherchildrenfollowtheirdreams.“Ireallywanttoinfluenceotherkidsandshowthemhowtobeyoungbusinessmenorbusinesswomenandfeelthatsomeonecouldbeencouragedbyme,”shesaid.(Bianca希望在未來繼續(xù)打造自己的品牌，并可能幫助其他孩子追逐他們的夢想。“我真的想影響其他孩子，向他們展示如何成為年輕的商人或女商人，讓他們覺得我可以鼓勵別人，”她說。)”可知，她希望創(chuàng)建自己的品牌以及影響其他孩子。故選C。CInanindustrialareaclosetoEgypt’snortherncoast,coloredlightsandninehugeshiningartworksmadeoffactorywastematerialsbysevenrecyclingartistsbrightenedthenight.Theartworks,mostlymadeofwastesofiron,plasticandwood,areondisplayatthefirsteditionoftheAlameinArtFestival.ThefestivalbeingheldatanindustrialparkownedbyIndustrialDevelopmentGroup(IDG)intheMediterraneanresortcityofNewAlameinwasorganizedbyArtD’Egypte,anEgyptianplatformforartandheritage.“Theone-monthfestival,whichkickedoffonThursday,seekstopromotetheconceptofenvironmentalsustainability(持續(xù)性)throughart,”saidNadineAbdel-Ghaffar,founderofArtD’Egypteandchieforganizerofthefestival.“Throughtheireco-friendlyartinstallations(裝置),Egyptiancontemporaryartistscallonpeopletobeawareofprotectingtheenvironmentandtheclimate.”O(jiān)neoftheartworksondisplayfeaturestwolargeleavesstandingsidebysideinsidetwoopposingmetalframes,lookingliketwopagesofanopenbook.“Itsendsamessagetofactoriesthatthematerialstheyregardaswastescanbeusedforgoodpurposesbyartistsincreatingartworks,whichcanmakeaplacemorebeautiful,“saidexperiencedEgyptiansculptorOmarTossounandexplainedhowhecreatedhissculptureALeaf.Inthecenteroftheopen-airexhibitionarea,visitors’attentionisdrawntoacolorful6-meter-tallshiningobjectthatlookslikeajellyfish.IttooktwomonthsforMarwaMagdytofinishtheartworkcalledJellyfish,whichtookhalfatonofwastediron.Visitorshavebeenimpressedbytheconceptofrecyclingwastematerialsintoartworks.“Ifyoulookaround,theartistshavereallydoneveryniceworks.Itissuchabrilliantideatousesomethingthatotherwisewouldbediscardedandmakeitintoabeautifulpieceofart,”saidYehiaHamad,oneofthevisitors.8.WhatcanweknowabouttheAlameinArtFestival?A.Itlastsabouttwomonths.B.Itisn’tpopularwithvisitors.C.Itsartworkswerecreatedby9artists.D.Itsartworksweremadeoffactorywastematerials.9.Whoorganizedthefestival?A.NadineAbdel-Ghaffar. B.OmarTossoun.C.MarwaMagdy. D.YehiaHamad.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Recycled. B.Thrownaway. C.Bought. D.Fixedup.11.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.OmarTossoun:AnExperiencedArtistB.AlameinArtFestival:AnImportantFestivalC.RecyclingArtistsTurnFactoryWasteintoArtworksD.HugeShiningArtworksAttractWorld’sAttention〖答案〗8.D9.A10.B11.C〖解析〗〖導語〗本篇是一篇說明文。文章說的是人們回收利用材料去制造出很多有用而且美好的事物。〖8題詳析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題目關鍵詞AlameinArtFestival定位在第二自然段，第二自然段談到的artworks（藝術品）在第一自然段也提到了，根據(jù)第一段“InanindustrialareaclosetoEgypt’snortherncoast,coloredlightsandninehugeshiningartworksmadeoffactorywastematerialsbysevenrecyclingartistsbrightenedthenight.”（在靠近埃及北部海岸的一個工業(yè)區(qū)，七位回收藝術家用工廠廢料制作的彩色燈光和九個巨大的閃亮藝術品點亮了夜晚。）可知這些藝術品是由工廠廢棄材料制作的，故選D。〖9題詳析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段中““Theone-monthfestival,whichkickedoffonThursday,seekstopromotetheconceptofenvironmentalsustainability(持續(xù)性)throughart,”saidNadineAbdel-Ghaffar,founderofArtD’Egypteandchieforganizerofthefestival.”（這個為期一個月的節(jié)日于周四開幕，旨在推廣環(huán)境可持續(xù)性的概念“埃及藝術”的創(chuàng)始人、藝術節(jié)的主要組織者納丁阿卜杜勒加法爾。）可知，這個節(jié)日的組織者是納丁阿卜杜勒加法爾，故選A?！?0題詳析〗詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線所在句“Itissuchabrilliantideatousesomethingthatotherwisewouldbediscardedandmakeitintoabeautifulpieceofart”（把原本會被丟棄的東西變成一件美麗的藝術品，這真是一個絕妙的主意）可知，otherwise（否則）表達轉(zhuǎn)折意思，前面的詞語usesomething（使用一些事情）跟后面的應該是相反的，那么就是不用，thrownaway（扔掉）和表達的意思一致，故選B?！?1題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一自然段“InanindustrialareaclosetoEgypt’snortherncoast,coloredlightsandninehugeshiningartworksmadeoffactorywastematerialsbysevenrecyclingartistsbrightenedthenight.”（在靠近埃及北部海岸的一個工業(yè)區(qū)，七位回收藝術家用工廠廢料制作的彩色燈光和九個巨大的閃亮藝術品點亮了夜晚。）以及最后一段“Visitorshavebeenimpressedbytheconceptofrecyclingwastematerialsintoartworks.“Ifyoulookaround,theartistshavereallydoneveryniceworks.Itissuchabrilliantideatousesomethingthatotherwisewouldbediscardedandmakeitintoabeautifulpieceofart,”saidYehiaHamad,oneofthevisitors”（參觀者對回收廢舊材料制成藝術品的概念印象深刻?！叭绻悱h(huán)顧四周，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)藝術家們的作品真的很好。把原本會被丟棄的東西變成一件美麗的藝術品，這真是一個絕妙的主意，”游客之一葉海亞哈馬德說）可知，文章所要表達的就是藝術家們利用廢棄材料做成藝術品，以及人們的贊揚，故選C。DRoad-trafficnoisegreatlyslowsthedevelopmentofmemoryandattentionskillsinprimaryschoolchildren,researchhasfound.Thestudyofalmost2,700childrenagedbetween7and10in38schoolsinBarcelona,Spain,isthefirsttoassesstheinfluenceoftrafficnoiseonchildcognitivedevelopmentovertimeandtodeterminetheinfluenceofpeaksinnoise.Thechildreninthestudyareinanimportantstageforthedevelopmentofmemoryandattentionskills,whichareimportanttolearning.Theresearchfoundthatchildrenexposedtoaboutthreetimesmoretrafficinthestreetthanotherpupilshadmemorydevelopmentthatwas23%slowerandattentionabilitydevelopment5%sloweroverayear.Noiseisthesecondmostdamagingenvironmentalfactortohealth,afterairpollution.Itwasalreadyknownthatnoisewouldincreaseheartattacksanddiabetesinadults.TheUNsaidinFebruarythatcitynoisepollutionwasgrowingintoa“globalpublichealthproblem’’,leadingto12,000earlydeathsayearintheEUalone,andinfluencingmanycitiesfromBangkoktoNewYork.Butresearchontheinfluenceofroadnoiseonchildrenwaslimiteduntilnow.Thescientistssaidmanyschoolssufferednoisepollutionandthatmeasuressuchasrerouting(改道)trafficawayfromschoolscouldhelpcutnoiseandairpollution.Theresearchshowedthatpeaksofnoiseheardinsidetheclassroom,suchasthepassingofloudtrucksorvehiclesgoingfasterawayfromtrafficlights,hadmoreinfluencethanahigheraverage(平均的)levelofnoise.Thismaybebecausethepeaksdivertattentionmore,saidForaster.ProfIroiseDumontheil,atBirkbeck,UniversityofLondon,UK,said,“Thiscarefullydesignedstudyprovidesconvincingevidence.ConsideringthatmanyEuropeanchildrenlivinginlargecitiesareexposedtohighroad-trafficnoiselevels,thisstudyhassuggestionsforpublicpolicytocutroad-trafficnoisenearschools.”12.Whatisspecialaboutthestudy?A.Themethodofitisscientific.B.Thesubjectsofitarefromdifferentcountries.C.Theresultofitisunexpectedandsurprising.D.Itisabouttheeffectoftrafficnoiseonchildren.13.What’sthemainideaofparagraph4?A.Thedifferentformsofpollution.B.ThepresentsituationofEuropeancities.C.Theinfluenceofnoiseonpeopledhealth.D.Themostdamagingenvironmentalfactor.14.Whatwillprobablybediscussedinthenextparagraph?A.Relatedstudiestofindmoreconvincingevidence.B.Possiblepoliciestocutroad-trafficnoisenearschools.C.Howtoimproveschoolconditionstoprotectchildren’shealth.D.HealthconditionsofmanyEuropeanchildrenlivinginthecountryside.15.Wherecanyoureadthetextprobably?A.Inadairy. B.Inatextbook. C.Inaguidebook. D.Inasciencemagazine.〖答案〗12.D13.C14.B15.D〖解析〗〖導語〗本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：交通噪音會影響孩童的記憶和注意力。文章說明了噪音對于人類健康的巨大危害以及相關的噪音研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。〖12題詳析〗細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thestudyofalmost2,700childrenagedbetween7and10in38schoolsinBarcelona,Spain,isthefirsttoassesstheinfluenceoftrafficnoiseonchildcognitivedevelopmentovertimeandtodeterminetheinfluenceofpeaksinnoise.(這項針對西班牙巴塞羅那38所學校近2700名7至10歲兒童的研究，首次評估了交通噪音對兒童認知發(fā)展的長期影響，并確定了噪音峰值的影響)”可知，此次研究首次評估交通噪音對兒童認知能力的影響，故此次研究的特殊之處在于它是關于交通噪音對孩子的影響。故選D。〖13題詳析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Noiseisthesecondmostdamagingenvironmentalfactortohealth,afterairpollution.Itwasalreadyknownthatnoisewouldincreaseheartattacksanddiabetesinadults.TheUNsaidinFebruarythatcitynoisepollutionwasgrowingintoa“globalpublichealthproblem’’,leadingto12,000earlydeathsayearintheEUalone,andinfluencingmanycitiesfromBangkoktoNewYork.(噪音是僅次于空氣污染的第二大對健康有害的環(huán)境因素。人們已經(jīng)知道，噪音會增加成年人心臟病和糖尿病的發(fā)病率。聯(lián)合國今年2月表示，城市噪音污染正日益成為一個“全球公共健康問題”，僅在歐盟，每年就有1.2萬人過早死亡，并影響著從曼谷到紐約的許多城市)”可知，本段主要講噪音對于人類健康的巨大危害。故選C?！?4題詳析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ConsideringthatmanyEuropeanchildrenlivinginlargecitiesareexposedtohighroad-trafficnoiselevels,thisstudyhassuggestionsforpublicpolicytocutroad-trafficnoisenearschools.(考慮到許多生活在大城市的歐洲兒童暴露在高水平的道路交通噪聲中，本研究提出了減少學校附近道路交通噪聲的公共政策建議)”可推知，接下來可能會講一些可能制定的政策來減少學校附近道路的交通噪音。故選B?！?5題詳析〗推理判斷題。第二段“Thestudyofalmost2,700childrenagedbetween7and10in38schoolsinBarcelona,Spain,isthefirsttoassesstheinfluenceoftrafficnoiseonchildcognitivedevelopmentovertimeandtodeterminetheinfluenceofpeaksinnoise.(這項針對西班牙巴塞羅那38所學校近2700名7至10歲兒童的研究，首次評估了交通噪音對兒童認知發(fā)展的長期影響，并確定了噪音峰值的影響)”可推知，文章是一份研究報告，最有可能來自科學雜志。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Inyourlife,sometimesyoumaybeaskedtospeakinfrontofalargegroupofpeople.Althoughitsoundsalittlescary,eventhosewithstagefrightcanspeaksuccessfullytothegroupwithadequatepreparation.Practiceyourspeechbeforethebigday.____16____Ifpossible,practicethespeechinfrontofafriendorfamilymembertogetusedtosayingittorealpeople.Ifyoufeelyoumusthavenotecards,limittheamounttoaboutthreecards.Thiswillforceyoutokeepyourspeechconciseandhelpyoukeepyoureyesfocusedonyouraudience.Rememberwhyyou’vebeeninvitedtospeak.Ifyou’rebattlingfearoverspeakingtoalargegroupofpeople,keepyourmindonthefactthatyouwereselectedforthisimportantrole.Thespeechorganizersmusthaveseensomethingvaluableinyouoryourexpertise.___17___Rememberthatfearofpublicspeakingisverycommon.____18____Mostofthepeopleintheaudiencewouldbefeelingthesamefearandstressthatyoudoinyourposition.Knowingthismaymakeyoufeelbetter.___19___Whatyousayshouldbetailoredtowhyyou’rethereandwhoyou’respeakingtoinordertoavoidsoundinggeneral.Ifspeakingtoacharitygroup,mentionthegoodworkcertainspecificindividualshavedoneforthecause.Ifspeakingatabusinessconference,brieflystatewhyyouwanttohelpthesepeople.Keepeyecontactwiththecrowd.____20____Pickonepersonineachsectionandlookathimwhileyou’respeaking.Aftereachimportantpointinyourspeech,switchyourfocustoanothersection.Whenyoufocusonlyononepersonatatime,thesizeofthecrowdisn’tasfrightening.A.Agoodmemoryisreallyhelpful.B.Showappreciationtoyouraudience.C.Mentionyouraudienceinyourspeech.D.Themoreyouhaveitmemorized,thebetter.E.Infact,it’snormaltofeelnervousorstressedoutbeforeabigspeech.F.Separatethecrowdintothreesectionsmentallyasyougetuptospeak.G.Theknowledgeofotherpeople’srespectforyoushouldreducesomeofthefear.〖答案〗16.D17.G18.E19.C20.F〖解析〗〖導語〗這是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何在眾人面前克服恐懼，進行成功的演講提出了若干建議。〖16題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Practiceyourspeechbeforethebigday.(在重要的日子到來之前練習你的演講)”可知，在重要日子到來之前，練習你的演講，故該空對上文作補充說明，指出練習是為了更多記得，故D選項“你記住的越多，越好”切題，故選D?！?7題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Rememberwhyyou’vebeeninvitedtospeak.Ifyou’rebattlingfearoverspeakingtoalargegroupofpeople,keepyourmindonthefactthatyouwereselectedforthisimportantrole.Thespeechorganizersmusthaveseensomethingvaluableinyouoryourexpertise.(記住你被邀請來演講的原因。如果你正為在一大群人面前演講而感到恐懼，請記住你是被選中擔任這個重要職位的。演講組織者一定是在你身上看到了一些有價值的東西或你的專業(yè)知識)”可知，上文提到演講組織者一定是看中了你的價值，或是你的專業(yè)知識才邀請你的，故該空承接上文，說明這一行為的影響：其他人會因此對你尊敬，你也會減少一些恐懼。故G選項“知道別人對你的尊重應該會減少一些恐懼”切題，故選G?！?8題詳析〗根據(jù)上文“Rememberthatfearofpublicspeakingisverycommon.(記住，害怕公開演講是很常見的)”可知，上文指出公開演講的害怕是非常普遍的，該空承接上文，即說明在重要的演講之前，感到緊張或是有壓力是正常的，故E選項“事實上，在重要的演講之前，感到緊張或是有壓力是正常的”切題，故選E?！?9題詳析〗根據(jù)后文“Whatyousayshouldbetailoredtowhyyou’rethereandwhoyou’respeakingtoinordertoavoidsoundinggeneral.Ifspeakingtoacharitygroup,mentionthegoodworkcertainspecificindividualshavedoneforthecause.Ifspeakingatabusinessconference,brieflystatewhyyouwanttohelpthesepeople.(你說的話應該根據(jù)你來那里的原因和你的談話對象量身定做，以免聽起來很籠統(tǒng)。如果對慈善團體講話，提及某些特定的人為慈善事業(yè)所做的好事。如果是在商業(yè)會議上發(fā)言，簡單說明你為什么想要幫助這些人)”可知，這一段主要講了在演講中，要提到你的聽眾，C選項“在演講中提到你的觀眾”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳析〗根據(jù)后文“Pickonepersonineachsectionandlookathimwhileyou’respeaking.Aftereachimportantpointinyourspeech,switchyourfocustoanothersection.Whenyoufocusonlyononepersonatatime,thesizeofthecrowdisn’tasfrightening.(在每個部分選出一個人，在你說話的時候看著他。在你演講的每一個重點之后，把你的注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個部分。當你一次只關注一個人的時候，人群的規(guī)模就不那么可怕了)”可知，后文提到了section，可與F選項中threesections對應，說明把演講分為三個部分。故F選項“當你演講時，在精神上把人群分成三個部分”切題，故選F?！肌狐c石成金』〗關于小標題的選擇七選五題型空格的設計主要分布在句首、句中、句尾，另一種就是小標題的空格設計。凡是作為標題的句子，一定要短小精悍，概括性強，多數(shù)用祈使句。本文第4空是主題句，相當于一個小標題。Mentionyouraudienceinyourspeech.為本段主題句，根據(jù)空后句mentionthegoodworkstate和statewhyyouwanttohelpthesepeople可知C項合適，F(xiàn)項為干擾項。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。LearntomeetchallengeMyclassmatescalledme"thealien".Asayoungboy,I___21___fromaseriousskindisease,whichfilledmyarmswithscars.Thetrue___22___ofmycondition,however,wassocial:Ilivedalifeofloneliness.DoctorspredictedthatIwouldneverfullyrecover,butmyparentsencouragedmetohopeforthefuture.Ithereforetooka（n）___23___roleinfightingagainstmydisease,tryingmanymedicationandherbs,andmyhealth___24___greatlybeforeIgraduated.Yearslater,likemypersonalbattleagainstdisease,Ilearntagreatdealabout___25___byovercomingdifficulties.IjoinedtheCultureClubasaSpecialEventDirector.I___26___agroupofsixstudentsinorganizingvariousactivities.IwasthemostadvancedESLstudentamongthegroup,soIconsideredmyselfthemostcapable.ButIquicklylearntmy___27___.Whilepreparingforourfirstpresentation,Iwasstrictwithmyteammembersandoftenrefusedtheir___28___.Iperformedmostoftheirtasksmyself,allowingthemto___29___meonlywithsmalldetails.Asresult,thepresentationwasnotverysuccessful,which_____30_____me,andIspokeofittotheclub'sdirector.Sherespondedthatshe_____31_____myabilitytosucceedinthefuture.Thiscommentfilledmewith_____32_____,forIrealizedthatIhadnevertrustedmyownteammembers.AlthoughtheywereweakinEnglish,theyhadmanyvaluabletalents.Iimmediately_____33_____mypolicy,allowingmyteammemberstochoosethetasksandcompletethemontheirown.Forourprogramme,wehadmanymeetings,whichgave_____34_____tomanygoodideas.Ilearntwhattrueleadershipis.Myexperiences_____35_____improvedmyabilitytohandlechallengingsituation.21.A.judged B.suffered C.prevented D.separated22.A.pain B.sign C.value D.meaning23.A.important B.different C.leading D.active24.A.developed B.improved C.increased D.removed25.ability B.quality C.leadership D.friendship26.A.taught B.found C.managed D.followed27.A.mistake B.method C.effort D.right28.A.desires B.talents C.ideas D.tasks29.A.remind B.guide C.show D.help30.A.discouraged B.disturbed C.encouraged D.educated31.A.adopted B.admired C.trusted D.tested32.A.surprise B.delight C.pride D.hope33.A.deleted B.changed C.regretted D.considered34.A.birth B.hand C.gift D.rise35.A.instantly B.indirectly C.unusually D.undoubtedly〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.C27.A28.C29.D30.A31.C32.A33.B34.A35.D〖解析〗〖祥解〗本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述自己小時候患有嚴重的皮膚病，但通過積極治療，健康狀況大有好轉(zhuǎn)。后來，作者像與病魔的斗爭一樣學會了很多關于領導方面的才能，但由于缺乏對成員的信任，導致很失敗。最終，作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷學會了面對挑戰(zhàn)?！?1題詳析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我還是個小男孩的時候，我患了一種嚴重的皮膚病，我的手臂上滿是傷疤。A.judged判斷；B.suffered遭受；C.prevented阻止；D.separated分開。sufferfrom是固定詞組，意思是“患病，遭受痛苦”。根據(jù)“whichfilledmyarmswithscars.”可知，作者患上了嚴重的皮膚病。故選B?！?2題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我的處境的真正痛苦來自社會：我過著孤獨的生活。A.pain疼痛；B.sign跡象；C.value價值；D.meaning意義。thetruepain真正的痛苦。根據(jù)“however,wassocial:Ilivedalifeofloneliness.”可知，然而，作者的真正痛苦是過著孤獨的生活。故選A?！?3題詳析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我在與我的疾病作斗爭中發(fā)揮了積極作用，嘗試了許多藥物和草藥，我的健康在畢業(yè)前大大改善了。A.important重要的；B.different不相同的；C.leading主要的；D.active積極的。takeanactiverole積極參加。根據(jù)“tryingmanymedicationsandherbs,andmyhealth_____greatlybeforeIgraduated.”可知，作者在抗擊疾病方面發(fā)揮了積極的作用。故選D。〖24題詳析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我在與我的疾病作斗爭中發(fā)揮了積極作用，嘗試了許多藥物和草藥，我的健康在畢業(yè)前大大改善了。A.developed發(fā)展；B.improved提高；C.increased增長；D.removed移除。根據(jù)“Ithereforetooka/an_____roleinfightingagainstmydisease,tryingmanymedicationsandherbs,”可知，由于作者的積極治療，作者的健康狀況大有好轉(zhuǎn)。故選B。〖25題詳析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年以后，就像我個人與疾病的斗爭一樣，我通過克服困難學到了很多關于領導力的知識。A.ability能力；B.quality質(zhì)量；C.leadership領導能力；D.friendship友誼。根據(jù)“Yearslater,likemypersonalbattleagainstdisease,Ilearnedagreatdealabout_____byovercomingdifficulties.”可知，就像克服困難戰(zhàn)勝病魔一樣，作者克服困難學會了一些領導才能。且下文的“Ilearntwhattrueleadershipis.”也是〖提示〗。故選C?！?6題詳析〗考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我管理過一個六人的小組，組織各種各樣的活動。A.taught教；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.managed管理；D.followed跟隨。根