應(yīng)試寫作學(xué)與練

應(yīng)試寫作學(xué)與練（第一期）原因篇分析原因是英語議論文寫作的一個常見題型。例如：Whydotoday'syoungpeoplehavedifficultyinreadingandwriting?Whyistheworldgettingsmallerandsmaller?WhyhasthedivorcerateinChinaincreasedinrecentyears?作文要求考生對這類社會現(xiàn)象或社會問題進(jìn)行解釋。先給大家歸納這種類型的作

文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)模式如下：Paragraph1.Sentence(1)Problem(general)S(2)problem(specific)Paragraph2S(3)ThesisS(4)Cause1.S(5)Detail1.S(6)Detail2.S(7)Cause2S(8)Detail1.S(9)Detail2.Paragraph3S(10)Conclusion第一段中的S(1)、S(6)是引出文章要進(jìn)行解釋的某一現(xiàn)象或問題。第二段中的S(3)是作者對這一現(xiàn)象或問題的基本看法，也即文章的論點句。S(4)、S(5)兩個句子是揭示這一現(xiàn)象的兩個主要原因。這兩個原因可以是并行的

第一、第二原因，也可以是客觀的和主觀的原因，或間接的和直接的原因。其中

S(5)、S(6)時詳細(xì)闡述S(4)第一個原因的；S(8)、S(9)則具體說明S(7)第二個原

因的。第三段S(10)是總結(jié)句。一般說來，這句是提出解決問題的一些建議或方法。本模式可供大家參考使用，也可選擇自己的寫作方式寫作。本期寫作題目：ABoominAdulteducationDirections:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowritea

positiononthetopicABoominAdultEducation.Youshouldwriteno

lessthan150wordsandyoushouldbaseyourpositionontheoutline

(giveninChinese)below:2。出現(xiàn)這種成人教育熱的原因是。。。3。結(jié)論給大家列出一些在原因作文里的常用句型，最好能記住多用噢！用于開頭的句子：Inthelastfewyears,therehasbeenadramaticincreaseinthenumber

of……..Inrecentyears,Chinahasexperiencedagrowingtendencyin………引用調(diào)查資料等依據(jù)時說：Accordingtoarecent/newsurvey/study/research,thenumber/percentage

of………h(huán)asalmostdoubled/tripled/increased/jumpedfrom5%to8%/

decreasedparedwith……….列舉原因時說：Anumberof/Severalcausesmightcontributeto/leadto/accountfor

thephenomenon/problem/suddenrise.Partoftheexplanationsforitisthat……Oneofthemostmonfactors/causesisthat…………..isalsoresponsiblefortheproblem.Anothercontributingfactor/causesisthat…….Perhapstheprimary/fundamentalfactor/causeisthat……用于結(jié)尾的句子：S(10)Wemightdomorethanidentifythecauses/factors;itisimportantto

takeactionto……..Thesignificanceof…….isfarreaching;itmightexertsaprofound

influenceon………..范文：ABoominAdultEducationEveryTuesdayandFridayeveningseesMissLi,myneighboranda

secretaryinapanyrushhomeafterahardday’swork,gulpdown

hermealsandthenhurryouttocatchthebusforherEnglishclass.

MissLi’scaseisnotunique,andnowmoreandmorecityadultsspend

theirleisuretimetryingtoimprovethemselvesatschoolorcollege.Thereareanumberofreasonsforpeopletogobackfortheir

education.Somepeople,likeMissLi,aredoingittoacquireanother

degreeordiplomatoimpressthesociety.Tothemmoreknowledge,or

rather,morecredentialsmeansmoreopportunitiesforbetterjobsand

quickerpromotion.Otherpeople,especiallythosewhoarelaidofforoutofemploymentgo

tovocationalschooltopreparetoreturntothejobmarket.Theyare

eagerfornewskillssothattheycanbequalifiedforthejobsin

retailtrade,administration,educationandotherservicecategoriesto

whichtheyarestrangebecausemostofthemwerebluecollarworkersin

thefactory.TherearealsopeoplewhoetotakesuchcoursesasChinese

traditionalmedicine,painting,calligraphyandphotography.Astheir

workingweeksdeclinepeoplebegintohavetimetofulfilltheirold

dreamoftheirheart’sdesire.Outofnecessityoroutofinterest,peoplegobacktoschoolforthe

mongoaltoimprovethemselves,andthisboominadult

education,inturn,helpstoraisetheintellectualstandardofthe

wholecountry.應(yīng)試寫作學(xué)與練（第二期）理由篇敘述理由的文章需要先對某觀點表明自己的態(tài)度和立場，然后再解釋為什么要這

么做，列舉理由。例如：WhydoIprefertospendmostofmytimereading?WhyteachingisthejobIlikebest?Whyisitagoodplaceforyoutolivein?這種類型的作文基本結(jié)構(gòu)如下：Paragraph1S(1)TopicS(2)Thesis:MyattitudetowardsitParagraph2S(3)Thesis(morespecific)S(4)Reason1S(5)SupportingdetailS(6)Reason2.S(7)Supportingdetail…………….Paragraph3Conclusion第一段中的S(1)引出文章要討論的主題，如職業(yè)選擇、交友、娛樂等等。S(2)則

是作者對這個主題的基本態(tài)度，如選擇A事情，不要B事情，贊成或反對等。第二段中S(3)是一個承上啟下的句子，即更具體的重復(fù)S(2)論點的內(nèi)容，有簡略

的點一下為什么吃這樣態(tài)度的一般理由。之后是幾個具體的理由?？梢杂檬聦嵰?/p>

據(jù)和數(shù)據(jù)等作論據(jù)解釋理由。最后一段是全文的總結(jié)，可以再次聲明自己的態(tài)度，也可提出某些建議等等。本期寫作題目：ALettertotheUniversityPresidentDirection:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowritea

positiononthetopic:Alettertotheuniversitypresidentabout

thecanteenserviceoncampus,youshouldwriteatleast100words,and

baseyourpositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:假設(shè)你是李偉，請你就本校食堂的狀況給校長寫了一封信，內(nèi)容涉及食堂的飯菜

質(zhì)量、價格、環(huán)境、服務(wù)等等，可以是表揚，可以是批評建議，也可以兼而有之

。應(yīng)試寫作學(xué)與練第二期參考范文：January11th,2003DearMr.President,Asaregularstudentatourcollege,Ihavesomeplainttomake

aboutthecanteenserviceoncampus.Firstly,thecanteenenvironmentisverybad.Actually,itisbeing

moreandmorecrowdedandnoisywithaneverlargerpresenceof

vocationalstudentseveryterm.Secondly,thecanteenworkersare

badmannered.Farfrombeingwarmandkindhearted,theyalwaysseemto

becoldandrudetousstudents.Thirdlyandmostimportantly,the

dishesatourcanteenaretooexpensive,thoughtheyarebynomeans

goodqualityordelicious.ThesurveytheStudentUnioncarriedout

lastweekrevealsthatonaverageastudentwillspend10to12yuanon

mealseveryday.Thisisformorethanthefoodexpensesofstudentsin

theneighborhoodcolleges.Nutritiousanddeliciousmealswellwithinthestudents’meansare

veryimportantforyoungstudents.Ireallywishmeasurescouldbe

takentoimproveourcanteenservice.Sincerelyyours,LiMing此類理由型的文章還有以下一些典型題目：1．ThemostunforgettablepersonIeverknew2．ThejobIlikebest3．Aletterofapplication4．WhyIlikelearningEnglish應(yīng)試寫作學(xué)與練（第三期）比較篇比較型議論文通常是運用比較手段闡述自己的觀點。例如：Wheretoliveinthecityorinthecountry?Doyouprefertoindependentlyaftermarriageorcontinuetolive

togetherwithyourparents?WhichisyourpastimewatchingTVandlisteningtomusicortaking

partinsportsandgames?這種類型的作文在具體寫作時，要根據(jù)自己的觀點對贊成的事物，其優(yōu)點要多寫

詳寫，而對其缺點要少寫，甚至略過；而對反對的事物，其優(yōu)點要少寫略寫，一

筆帶過，對其缺點則要不惜筆墨，大寫特寫。這樣處理，作者的觀點才能得以體

現(xiàn)。我們可以從兩種結(jié)構(gòu)模式來學(xué)習(xí)比較型作文的寫作。一種是A1A2A3B1B2B3整體比較法：Paragraph1S(1)Topic:ThesubjectstobeparedS(2)Thesis:YourpreferenceforBoverAParagraph2S(3)ConcedeA’sadvantageS(4)ButA’sdisadvantage1S(5)A’sdisadvantage2…….S(7)IllustrateB’sadvantage1S(8)B’sadvantage2……….Paragraph3Conclusion文章開頭引出要比較的兩個事物，點明作者的觀點：贊成哪一個，反對哪一個。

第二段中先承認(rèn)所反對的事物也有優(yōu)點，然后著重揭示其缺點。評完所反對的事

物后，轉(zhuǎn)去評論所贊成的事物。主要是詳寫其優(yōu)點或作者贊成的理由，也可用半

句或一句承認(rèn)他也有不足之處。另一種結(jié)構(gòu)是A1B1A2B2A3B3的分項比較法。Paragraph2S(3)ConcedeA’sadvantagesS(4)ButA’sdisadvantage1S(5)B’scorrespondingadvantage1S(6)A’sdisadvantage2S(7)B’scorrespondingadvantage2S(8)A’sdisadvantage3S(9)B’scorrespondingadvantage3這種類型的典型例句列舉如下：用于文章開頭的句型：1.Withtheadventof/developmentof/theimprovedstandardof……….

……..playsanimportantrole/partinourdailylife.(increasing

attentionisdrawn/calledto………)2.Whileitismonly/generally/widelybelieved/acceptedthatA…

..,IbelieveB……用于進(jìn)行比較時使用的句型:3.Studies/Researches/Experimentsshow/demonstrate/revealthat……..4.Onthecontrary/Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofB…….5.faroutweigh/carrymoreweightthanadvantagesofA……..6.AlthoughBfailsto/cannot………,fewthingscanbepared

with/match/equalBintermsof…………7.Theadvantage/significanceofBismorethan………應(yīng)試作文學(xué)與練第三期作文題目(1)：LargepaniesandSmallpaniesDirections:WriteapositiononthetopicLargepaniesandSmall

paniesinthirtyminutes.Youshouldwritenolessthan120words

andbaseyourpositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below.1.大學(xué)畢業(yè)后有的人希望在大公司工作。2.有的人則認(rèn)為在小公司工作更能鍛煉人。3.我的看法。參考范文：LargepaniesandSmallpaniesUpongraduationfromcollege,youngmenandwomenfacethefirstchoice

intheircareerlife:togotoalargepanyorasmallone?Although

manygraduatesareattractedbytheprestigeoflargepanies,I

believethesmallonewillaffordmorechancesofsuccessandmore

opportunitiestodevelopyourability.Therearetwobasicdifferencesbetweenthelargeandsmall

enterprises.First,workinginthesmallpanyyouoperateprimarily

throughpersonalcontacts;youhavemorechancetodevelopyour

municationabilityandtheabilitytohandlevariouskindsof

personalities.Incontrast,inthelargepanythereareestablished

policiesandfairlyrigidprocedures.Eventhemanatthetopisonlya

coginabigmachine:youneedn’tmakeanydecisionandcan’tseethe

effectofyourwork..Second,inasmallbusinessyouarenormally

exposedtoallkindsofexperiencesandexpectedtodoagreatmany

thingswithouttoomuchhelporguidance.Thus,youmayacquiremuch

moreskillsandexperience,anddeveloptheabilitytohandle

different,plicatedthings.Butinthelargecorporation,sinceyou

arenormallytaughtonethingandlimitedtooneprocedure,youmay

beethemanwhoknowsmoreandmoreaboutlessandless.Obviouslyifyouwanttogainmoreexperienceandabilityneededin

businessorganizationsandtobeeanexcellentmanagerorexecutive

inyourfuturecareer,workinginasmallpanyisyourbestchoice.比較篇寫作題目（2）WhichModeofTravelDoYoulike?Directions:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowritea

positiononthetopicWhichModeofTravelDoYoulike?Youshould

writenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourpositionontheoutline

(giveninChinese)below:1.有的人喜歡參加旅行社旅游（packagetours)2.有的人喜歡自己獨立行動（travellingonone'sown）3.比較這兩種旅游方式，我喜歡的是..........本期范文：Withthegeneralstandardoflivingimprovingandtheworkingweek

beingshorter,moreandmorepeopleareabletomakeaholidaytrip

toplacesofinterest.Whilemanyliketojoinpackagetoursfro

convenience,Iprefertotravelonmyown.Iliketravellingonmayownnotonlybecauseitcostsmuchlessbut

becauseitgivesagreatdegreeofindependenceandfreedom.Travelling

onmyown,I’mmyownboss;andcandecidewhentostartonmyway,

wheretolingeralittlelongerandwhichspotcanbeskippedoverto

saveenergyortimeforanotherspot.Icanalwaysadjustmyplan.On

thecontrary,inapackagetouryou’redeprivedofasmuchfreedomas

inamilitarybase.Atthesoundofthewhistle,youhavetojumpup

fromasoundsleepand,withheavyliddedeyes,hurrytothegathering

placewhereyouarecollectedandcountedtoboardacoach.Atthe

sightofthelittleflagwaving,youmustimmediatelytakeyourself

awayfromthescenesyouaremarvelingatandfollowtheguidewhose

soleinterestistocoverallspotsaccordingtohimstrictschedule,

regardlessoftheweatheroryourhealthcondition.True,youmayencounterinconveniencesifyoutravelindividually,for

instance,gettingacmodationsforthenightandfindingaplacefor

meals.Butnothingcanbeparedwiththefreedomwhichisvitaltoa

personwhotakesaholidaytripmainlytoescapefromconstraintsof

hisroutinelife.應(yīng)試寫作學(xué)與練（第四期）分析篇分析型議論文主要是判斷和分析所討論的事物或觀點的性質(zhì)。具體地說就是闡述

其重要性，正確性，必要性或荒謬性，危害性等。例如：Thebenefitsofmakingfriendsofdifferentkinds;Theimportanceofmakingcitiesgreener;TheharmfuleffectsofheavyexposuretoTV.此類論文基本結(jié)構(gòu)如下：Paragraph1S(1)TopicS(2)Thesis(myattitudetowardsit)Paragraph2S(3)Thesis(morespecific)S(4)Benefit(oreffect)S(5)DetailS(6)Benefit(oreffect)S(8)DetailS(9)Benefit(oreffect)Paragraph3Conclusion第一段引出要討論的主題，如離婚率上升、體育鍛煉熱等，然后提出對這些問題

的基本態(tài)度和看法，是贊成還是反對。第二段S(3)把為什么贊成或反對的基本理由先扼要的提一下。接著從幾個方面來

闡述贊成或反對的理由，即闡述事物的重要性或危害性。S(5)S(7)S(9)則用具體

的實例來論證之前提出的重要性或危害性。最后一段是總結(jié)。有時分析不一定從同一方向進(jìn)行，也可以從正反兩個方向進(jìn)行。例如：在一篇提

倡體育鍛煉的文章中，當(dāng)中一段可以先說體育鍛煉的重要性，然后說如不進(jìn)行體

育鍛煉可能帶來的后果。此時的第二段結(jié)構(gòu)為：Paragraph2S(3)Thesis(morespecific)S(4)Importance(withit)S(5)Detail1S(6)Detail2S(7)Consequence(withoutit)S(8)Detail1S(9)Detail2此類作文的常用句型如下：1。Oneofthebenefitsderivedfrom/harmfuleffectson…….is……2。Tohaveabetter/fullunderstanding/appreciationof……,wemay

lookat/turnto……3。There’shardlyamanorwomanwhodoesn’t…..4。Anotherbenefit/effectisconcernedwith/relatesto…..5。Agoodcaseinpoint/typicalexampleofthisis……6。Ofallthebenefitsresultingfrom,nonehasbeen/nothingismore

significantthan/assignificantas…..7。Thus,itcanbeseenthat……….分析篇1寫作題目：MyViewsonExaminationsDirections:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowritea

positiononthetopicMyViewsonExaminations.Youshouldwriteno

lessthan150wordsandbaseyourpositionontheoutline(givenin

Chinese)below:1.我們現(xiàn)在都用考試來衡量學(xué)生的成績。范文：Inmostschoolsandcollegestheexaminationisusedasachiefmeans

ofdecidingwhetherastudentsucceedsorfailsinmasteringa

particularsubject.Althoughitdoesthejobquiteefficiently,its

sideeffectsarealsoenormous.Themostundesirableeffectisthatexaminationsencouragebadstudy

habits.Astheexaminationscoreistheonlycriterionforhisacademic

performance,astudentisdriventomemorizemechanicallyratherthan

tothinkcreatively.Examinationsdonotmotivateastudenttoseek

moreknowledge,buttorestricthisreading;theydonotenablehimto

studyconsistentlythroughoutthesemester,buttoinducecramming

duringexamweek.Examinationsalsolowerthestandardsofteaching.

Sinceteachersthemselvesareoftenjudgedbyexaminationresults,they

areoftenjudgedbyexaminationresults,theyarereducedtotraining

theirstudentsinexamtechniques.Andnosubjectscanbetaught

successfullymerelythroughbeingapproachedwithintenttotake

examinations.Actually,fewofusadmitthatexaminationscancontributeanything

reallyimportanttothestudents’academicdevelopment.Ifthat’sthe

case,whycan’twemakeachangeanddevisesomethingmoreefficient

andreliablethanexaminations?優(yōu)秀作文：MyViewsonExaminationsSinceschoolesintobeing,theteststandardhasbeenusedto

appraiseperformanceofstudents.Sofaritisstillbeingused,which

maysuggestthatactuallytherearesomeadvantagesinit.However,it

isalsohighlypossiblethattheteststandardisanotidealwayto

findoutwhatstudentshavelearnedandwhattheyhaven't.Mostschool

isstillusingitjustbecausethereisnobettermethodtoreplaceit.Inmyopinion,thefollowingthreepointsarethecriticalflawsinthe

teststandard.Oneofthemostharmfuleffectsonthetestmethodisthatitwill

forceustostudyjustforpassingtests,notforacquiringknowledge

especiallyinChina.Obviouslythefinalobjectofeducationismaking

usintellectivebylearningmoreknowledge.Whilethetestisonlya

waytoexaminethelevelofstudents'studies,ithasbeendeteriorated

toasifterdecidingthefateofstudents.Whycanitbecalleda

terriblesifter?Nowinthetests,whichdecidewhocanenterahigher

school,thousandsofpoorstudents,whowantasplendidfuture,must

prepareforthetestsbyfinishingagreatdealofpractices.Those

practicetestsareheavyladentothem.Sointhiscase,howcanthey

beexpectedtostudytoobtainknowledge?Tothemthatareenoughif

theycanreachthelevelwhichtestsneed.Intheendwhatournation

willget,genuinepersonswithabilityorjusttestrobots?Secondly,testswillbringtheexamineesgreatpressure,whichcan

affecttheirlives.Atypicalexampleofthisisthatmostyoung

studentshavewornglasseseventhoughsomeofthemarestillchildren.

Forpreparingfortests,theymustspendalotoftimeondoingtheir

homeworkssothattheireyesightbeeworseandworse.Andthemore

timetheyspendonthose,thelesstimetheyhaveforplayingand

relaxing.Consequently,thereisabadinfluenceontheirhealth.Thirdly,infact,testsystemitselfcannotveraciouslyestimatewho

isbetterthanothersbecausetherearemanyfactorsimpactingthe

resultsoftest.Forinstance,someonecheatedintestsothathis

scorewouldbehigherthanothers.Orsomeonewhowastoonervousto

performwellfellinthetest.Onlyinsparetimeandnopressureoftestsexistent,studentscan

studysimplyforthefun,forobtainingknowledgeandforthethings

thattheyarereallyinterestedin.Butnowthetestsystemistheonly

waytoselectwhichoneisbetter,whocanreachbetterschoolandwho

cangetgoodjob.Thenwhatwecandoistoimprovethetestsystemor

hopethatsomethingbetterwillbeinventedandreplacethetest

system.——————————————分析篇2作文題目：BeliefsDirection:Inthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritea

positionentitledBeliefs.Yourpositionshouldbeatleast120

wordsandcontainthefollowinginformation.Outline:1.importanceofhavingbelief;2.Differentbeliefswillleadtodifferentresults.優(yōu)秀作文兼范文：Belief,acreationofhuman'swise(wisdom),alwaysplaysanimportant

roleinhuman'ssociety.Asasay(saying)goes:"Ifone'smindisfull,

itwon'tbefilledin(with)anybadidea."Anyonewhohasstrong

beliefscanenjoyacolorfullife.Otherwise,hewilllosehimselfin

hiswayoflife.Beliefesaresoimportantthatitcanchangeone'sfate.Twolittle

micefellinabucketofcream.Thefirstmousequicklygaveupand

drowned.Thesecondmousewouldn'tquit.Hestruggledsohardthat

eventuallyhechurnedthatcreamintobutterandcrawledout.Obviously,thelattermouseistheonewhohashisownbeliefs.There

arealwayshopesinhiseyesthatencouragehimtofight,andfight,

andfight.Henevergivesupwhenheisinsomedifficultysituations.

Becausetheoptimistseestheopportunityineverydifficulty,while

thepessimistseesdifficultyineveryopportunity.Thefirstmouseis

oneofthiskindofpessimists.Heholdnobelifeinhislifeand

beetheslaveofhisfate.Thus,itcanbeseenthatonewithfirmbeliefsislikelytoget

successfulandmasterhisownlife.——————————————分析篇3作文題目：PrivacyofFamousPeopleDirections:youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaynolessthan

120wordsonthefollowingtopic.Newspapersandmagazineshavespecialinterestintheprivatelivesof

famouspeople.Whatcanyouexplainit?Whateffectitwillhaveonthepeoplebeingexposed?Andwhatisyouropinionofit?范文：Inrecentyears,manynewspapersandmagazinesfocusontheactivities

offilmstars,popsingersandsomeotherfamousmenandwomen.

Reportersdisguisetheiridentities,infiltratethesubject’sbusiness

andfamily,orevenbugandwiretapthemtogetthenewsbywhatever

meansarenecessary.Itisnotdifficulttoexplainthereasonfortheirsurprisingamount

ofinterestinfamouspeople’slives.Theyareinthespotlight,

renownedornotorious,theyarethetopicofordinarypeoplewholike

toknoweverythingaboutthem.Tosatisfytheircuriosity,or“the

people’srighttoknow”,journalistsoftenfindittheirdutyto

reporttheiractivities.Moreover,whatmatterstoanewspaperoramagazineisthenumberof

readers.Alargereadershipmeanstheriseinthecirculationoftheir

publications,henceahugeprofit.Sincefilmstarsandpopsingersare

newsworthyfigures,andtheirstoriesdrawsfarmoreattentionthan

thoseofotherpeople,itisnaturalthatthepresstriestoattract

themtobuytheirmagazinesbyfeaturingprivatelivesoffamous

people.However,thoseexposedpeoplecanbeseverelyinjuredbysuchpress

attention.Sensationalstoriesabouttheirprivatelivescausegreat

unhappinesstothem.Toescapereporters,theycan’tevenleada

normallife.Sometimestheirliveswillbeindanger.Forexample,

PrincessDianadiedinacaraccidentassheattemptedtoescape

photographersinachasethroughParis.Famouspeoplearealsocitizens.Theyhavetherighttokeeptheirown

privacylikeordinarypeoplethebasicrightwhichshouldbe

respected,protectedandguaranteedbyourlawsinwhatever

circumstances.應(yīng)試寫作學(xué)與練(第五期)評論篇評論型議論文也成為開放型議論文，因為文章只是客觀的分析和評論某一事物的

正反兩方面，或在某一問題上反映出來的兩種不同看法，并不下結(jié)論說這個事物

對或不對，這個看法正確或錯誤。這種作文形式尤其適用于評論電視、電腦、小

汽車、安樂死等這類很難絕對說好或不好的主題。此類作文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)如下：Paragraph1S(1)Topic:theissuetobementedS(2)Thesis:differentattitudestowardsit.Paragraph2S(3)Itsadvantagesoroneside’sopinionS(4)DetailsS(5)TransitionS(6)Itsdisadvantagesortheotherside’sopinionS(7)DetailsParagraph3S(8)Thebalancedview第一段S(1)引出要評論的事物或觀點。S(2)是簡單扼要的提一下在這個問題上人

們的兩種不同看法，第二段S(3),S(4)是一種看法，如贊成的觀點或事物的優(yōu)點

。S(5)使承上啟下的過渡句，引出下面另一種看法。S(6)S(7)就是反對的觀點

或事物的缺點。第三段則是平衡這兩種看法，談?wù)勛髡叩挠^點。評論型作文的句型如下：1.Theanswerstothesequestionsoftenvaryfrompersontoperson.2.Attitudestowardstheproblemusuallydiffersharply/widely.3.Whetherithasmoreadvantagesorviceversa,onethingiscertain:

……..4.Thereisnodoubt/denyingthat………5.Itcertainlyofferpeoplegreateropportunityto……..6.Despite/Foralltheadvantages,italsobringsitsownproblems…….7.Agoodcaseinpoint/exampleis……….8.Asopposed/contrarytowidely/monly/generallyheld/accepted

ideas,Iargue……9.Theymayberightabout…..,buttheyseemtofailtomention/take

intoaccount……10.Whatthesepeoplefailtounderstandisthat……..11.Take….forexample,12.Supposethat…….本期作文題目：TheDevelopmentofaPrivateCarDirections:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowritea

positiononthetopicTheDevelopmentofaPrivateCar.Youshould

writenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourpositiononthe

outline(giveninChinese)below：1.小汽車開始進(jìn)入中國普通家庭。2.小汽車帶來的方便和舒適。3.小汽車帶來的交通和污染問題。4.我的看法。范文：Withtheincreaseinthegeneralstandardofliving,someordinary

Chinesefamiliesbegintoaffordacar.Yetopinionsofthedevelopment

ofaprivatecarvaryfrompersontoperson.Someclaimthattherearemanyadvantagesinpossessingacar.Itgives

amuchgreaterdegreeoffortandmobility.Theownerofacarisno

longerforcedtorelyonpublictransport,andbusesortaxies.Witha

carhecangowherehelikesandwhenhewants,somuchsothathecan

enjoyhisleisuretothefullbymakingtripstothecountryorseaside

ontheweekends,insteadofbeingconfinedtohisimmediate

neighborhood.However,othersstronglyobjecttodevelopingprivatecars.They

maintainthatasmoreandmorecarsareproducedandruninthestreet,

alargevolumeofpoisonousgaswillbegivenoff,pollutingthe

atmosphereandcausingactualharmtothehealthofpeople.Infact,

privatecarscontributetotrafficcongestionsogreatlythat

advantagesgainedinfortandfreedomareoftencancelledoutbythe

frustrationcausedbytrafficjams.WhetherprivatecarsshouldbedevelopedinChinaisadifficult

questiontoanswer.Yetthedesireforthefortandindependencea

privatecarcanbringwon’tbeeliminated.——————————評論篇2作文題目：ShouldEuthanasiaBeLegalized?Directions:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowritea

positiononthetopicShouldEuthanasiaBeLegalized？Youshould

writenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourpositiononthe

outline(giveninChinese)below:3.我的看法。范文：Euthanasia,aquietandeasydeath,or“mercykilling”aswecallit

recentlyhasmadetheheadlinesfrequently.Manypeopleapplauditand

arguethateuthanasiashouldbelegalized.Asispointedout,topractiseeuthanasiacanbenefitboththepatient

andhisfamily.Toaterminallyillpersonwhoissuffering

excruciatingpainsdayandnightorliving“l(fā)ikeavegetable”,tobe

allowedtoendhislifepainlesslyisagoodrelease.Tohisfamilyit

isalsoabigreliefconsideringthefinancialandemotionaldrainon

themthathavingtosustainhislifeentails.However,thelegalization

ofeuthanasiamayalsobringwithitproblemsoursocietyhasnot

previouslyfaced.Isithumane,forexample,thataterminallyill

patientisthuscausedtofeelguiltyforremainingalivebecausehe

doesnotwanttodie?Isitwisethatapatientiskilledalivesimply

becauseofamistakenterminaldiagnosis?Andisitpossiblethat

euthanasiacouldbetakenadvantageofforsomeulteriororeven

criminalpurposes?Sincethelegalizationofeuthanasiawillraiseseriousmoraland

socialissues,thedecisionoursocietymakesabouteuthanasiawill

undoubtedlyhavetremendousconsequencesinsociety.應(yīng)試寫作學(xué)與練（第六期）批駁篇批駁型議論文主要是對某一觀點或做法進(jìn)行批評與駁斥。在這種類型的作文中，

考生往往看到這樣的題目：ShouldCapitalPunishmentBeAbolished?DoesMoneyMeanEverything?MyviewonForcedRetirementPolicies等。也就是說，要求考生在這些有爭議的問題上所反映出來一種作者認(rèn)為不正確的看

法進(jìn)行批評，然后闡述自己在這方面的看法和觀點。這種作文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)如下：Paragraph1S(1)Topic:TheissuetobearguedaboutS(2)Thesis:MyopinionoftheissueParagraph2S(3)Other’sargumentsabouttheissueS(4)DetailsS(5)Writer’sobjectionS(6)Writer’sownargumentsS(7)DetailsParagraph3Conclusion第一段引出文章要爭論的問題，表明作者對這個問題的基本立場，或贊成或反對

，這是全文的中心論點。第二段S(3)S(4)是作者反對并要駁斥的觀點。S(5)則是作者的具體駁斥。

S(6)S(7)是作者對這個問題的自己看法。最后是結(jié)論，歸納全文的闡述。有時候作者反對并要批駁的觀點并非一點道理也沒有。在這種情況下，可以先退

一步承認(rèn)其可取之處，然后才闡明自己正確的主張。這時候，當(dāng)中一段可改為：Paragraph2S(3)Others’argumentsabouttheissueS(4)DetailsS(5)ConcedetheirvalidityS(6)Writer’sownargumentsS(7)Details批駁篇1作文題目：IsStressaBadThing?Directions:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowritea

positiononthetopicIsStressaBadThing?Youshouldwriteno

lessthan150wordsandbaseyourpositionontheoutline(givenin

Chinese)below:1．有的人害怕壓力2．有的人認(rèn)為壓力并不是一件壞事3．我的看法范文：“Ican’tstandthepressureandpetition,”explainedonefriendof

minewhenaskedwhyhedecidedtoquithishighlypaidbutdemanding

positioninhispanyrecently.Myfriendmayhavehisownreasons,

butIdon’tthinkhisdecisioniswiseinreality.It’struethatmyfriend’scaseisnotunique.Inthelastfewyears

quiteanumberofmenandwomenhavechosentodosomethingless

petitiveatthecostofafortable,easylifeahighlypaidjob

canobtain.Theyareafraidthatthestressesandstrainsofworkwill

robthemofjoyandhappinessanddothemharmbothphysicallyand

mentally.Infact,however,stressisn’tthebadthingitisoften

supposedtobe.Unlessitgetsoutofcontrol,acertainamountof

stressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandchallenge,andtogive

purposeandsignificancetoanotherwisemeaningless,idlelife.People

understresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotentialandto

actualizetheirownpersonalworththeveryaimofahumanlife.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoid

it.Whatwecandoistodevelopouradaptiveabilitiestodealwithit

ratherthantoescapefromit.——————————————應(yīng)試寫作學(xué)與練批駁篇2寫作題目：ShouldWomenReturntotheKitchen?Directions:Forthispartyouareallowedthirtyminutestowritea

positiononthetopicShouldWomenReturntotheKitchen?Youshould

writenolessthan150wordsandbaseyourpositionontheoutline

(giveninChinese)below:范文：Thetraditionalbeliefisthatawoman’splaceisthehomeandthata

womanoughtnottogoouttoworkaftermarriage.Nowonceagainwe

hearsuchwords.Peopleholdtheviewbasetheirargumentonthetwoassumptions.First,

sincejobsnowarescarceandunemploymentrateshigher,ifwomen

returnedtothekitchen,therewouldbemorejobsavailabletomen.

Second,themajorityoffemaleworkersearnalittle,onlyonefifthof

theirmale