高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero教師用書(shū) 試題

Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero話題詞匯1．a(chǎn)chievementn．成就；成績(jī)；功績(jī)2．a(chǎn)mbitiousadj.有雄心壯志的3．backgroundn．背景4．characteristicadj.典型的；獨(dú)特的5．contributionn．貢獻(xiàn)6．outgoingadj.愛(ài)交際的；外向的7．outstandingadj.優(yōu)秀的；杰出的8．haveagiftfor對(duì)……有天賦9．beenthusiasticabout對(duì)……熱心10．makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事話題佳作假設(shè)你是李平，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下信息，向《英語(yǔ)測(cè)試報(bào)》的編輯寫(xiě)信投稿，介紹一位傳奇人物。姓名：AllanStewart國(guó)籍：澳大利亞出生日期：1915年3月7日世界紀(jì)錄：2006年獲碩士學(xué)位時(shí)年齡最大學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度：挑戰(zhàn)自我，永遠(yuǎn)為時(shí)不晚。第一個(gè)學(xué)位：1936年獲得第二個(gè)學(xué)位：醫(yī)學(xué)博士第三個(gè)學(xué)位：80多歲時(shí)決定學(xué)習(xí)法律，2006年獲得碩士學(xué)位。第四個(gè)學(xué)位：2012年通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)獲得，善于合理安排學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間，受到老師表?yè)P(yáng)。參考詞匯：碩士學(xué)位master’sdegree；博士doctor佳作欣賞DearEditor，HereisalegendaryAustraliannamedAllanStewart，bornonMarch7,1915.Hehasattained4degrees，thefirstofwhichwasobtainedin1936.Aftergettinghisseconddegree，adoctor’sdegreeofmedicine，Mr.Stewartdecidedtotakeuplawinhiseightiesandin2006heobtainedhisthirddegree，leadinghimtosetaworldrecordofbeingtheoldestholderofamaster’sdegree.Hewasawardedthefourthdegreein2012bylearningonline.Andheearnedpraisefromhisteachersformakinggooduseofhistimeforlearning.Yours，LiPing名師點(diǎn)睛本文有效地整合了題目所提供的信息，通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)樸的語(yǔ)言和合理的行文順序把寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)出來(lái)。文中運(yùn)用了過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句、現(xiàn)代分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)等高級(jí)句式以及takeup，setaworldrecord，makegooduseof等短語(yǔ)的綜合運(yùn)用，使得語(yǔ)言富于變化，增強(qiáng)了文章的表達(dá)效果。A．寫(xiě)作必記單詞1．qualityn．品質(zhì)；質(zhì)量；性質(zhì)beofgood/highquality質(zhì)量高的inquality在質(zhì)量方面2．a(chǎn)ctiveadj.積極的；活躍的beactivein在……方面積極takeanactivepartin積極參加3．devotevt.獻(xiàn)身；專心于(1)devotedadj.忠實(shí)的；深愛(ài)的bedevotedto致力于，獻(xiàn)身于；熱愛(ài)……(2)Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelping(help)othersrebuild.(2016·北京)(3)Hedevotedhimselftocommunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.→Devotinghimselftocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))→Devotedtocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))4．peacefuladj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的(1)peacen．和平(2)atpeace處于和平狀態(tài)inpeace平靜地makepeacewith和……講和5．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉；n.投票；選票；表決(1)voteon就……投票表決put...tothevote將……付諸表決(2)votefor投票贊成voteagainst投票反對(duì)(3)SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger”competition.蘇華被他的叔叔邀請(qǐng)?jiān)凇拔磥?lái)歌星”比賽中為他的堂弟投票。(2016·江蘇)6．equaladj.相等的；平等的(1)equalityn．相等；平等(2)beequaltosb.in...在……方面與某人相當(dāng)(3)HeisequaltoTominability.(填介詞)(4)Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequally(equal)important.(2016·北京)7．willingadj.樂(lè)意的；自愿的Hedidnotcompromiseeasily，butwaswillingtoacceptanyconstructiveadviceforaworthycause.他不輕易妥協(xié)，但他很樂(lè)意接受對(duì)一項(xiàng)崇高事業(yè)的任何建設(shè)性的建議。(2016·江蘇)8．escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開(kāi)；泄露；被遺忘(1)[寫(xiě)出下列句子中escape的熟詞生義]①I(mǎi)’msorry，butyournameescapesme.被遺忘；被忽略②Howwillweknowifthere’sanygasescaping？流出；泄漏(2)Youareluckytoescapepunishment.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)→Youareluckytoescapebeingpunished.9．rewardn．報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金；vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞(1)rewardingadj.值得的；有獎(jiǎng)賞的(2)rewardsb.with...for...因?yàn)椤谩?jiǎng)賞某人(3)Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses，businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.當(dāng)提及售房時(shí)，企業(yè)也利用高回報(bào)的策略。(2015·重慶)(4)Irewardedhimwithabookforhishelp.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)→Igavehimabookinrewardfor/asarewardforhishelp.B．閱讀識(shí)記單詞10．meanadj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的11．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的12．foundvt.建立；建設(shè)13．principlen．法則；原則；原理14．guidancen．指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)(1)guidev．指導(dǎo)(2)undertheguidanceof在……指導(dǎo)下guidesb.to...帶領(lǐng)某人去……(to為介詞)15．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的illegaladj.非法的16．youthn．青年；青年時(shí)期用法點(diǎn)撥youth(青年人，年輕人)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用復(fù)數(shù)形式，也可用單數(shù)形式。17．leaguen．同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會(huì)18．a(chǎn)ttackvt.進(jìn)攻；抨擊；攻擊(1)underattack遭受攻擊(2)Thewhitebloodcellsprotectthebodyfrombeingattacked(attack)bydiseasegerms.19．violencen．暴力；暴行violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的20．educatevt.教育；訓(xùn)練educatedadj.受過(guò)教育的；有教養(yǎng)的educationn．教育21．begvi.請(qǐng)求；乞求(1)begyourpardon對(duì)不起；請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍(2)Hebeggedthathe(should)beallowed(allow)toleave.22．relativen．親戚；親屬23．crueltyn．殘忍；殘酷crueladj.殘忍的1．outofwork失業(yè)losework失業(yè)(表動(dòng)作)2．a(chǎn)samatteroffact/infact事實(shí)上3．blowup使充氣；爆炸4．introuble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中havetrouble(in)doing...做……有困難takethetroubletodo...不辭勞苦地做……5．turnto求助于；致力于(1)Shehasnoclosefriendstowhomshecanturnforadviceorhelp.(填介詞)(2)Moreandmorepeopleturntocomputerscience.越來(lái)越多的人從事于計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)。6．loseheart喪失勇氣或信心(1)loseone’sheartto愛(ài)上；喜歡上(2)Weshouldnotloseheartinfaceofdifficulties.面對(duì)困難時(shí)我們不應(yīng)該失去信心。(2016·天津)7．setup設(shè)立；建立；搭起8．besentencedto被判處……(徒刑)9．inone’sopinion在某人看來(lái)用法點(diǎn)撥在該短語(yǔ)中，opinion總是用單數(shù)。1．HewasthefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969.1969年7月，他成為第一個(gè)登上月球的人。(1)In1931，AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowin(win)theNobelPeacePrize.(2016·全國(guó)Ⅰ)(2)Ifwecouldshowconcerntoothersinneed，theworldwouldbeabetterplacetolivein.(填介詞)(2014·浙江)用法點(diǎn)撥(1)當(dāng)被修飾成分前有序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)及theonly，thevery等修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。(2)作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。2．However，thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.然而在那個(gè)時(shí)候，你要想住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡就非得要有身份證不可。3．Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒(méi)有的階段。4．...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到那個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.直到莉莉走進(jìn)辦公室，她才意識(shí)到她把合同忘在家里了。(2015·天津)用法點(diǎn)撥(1)“only＋副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、從句”放在句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝形式。(2)“only＋從句”放在句首時(shí)，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝。5．IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給一群人作講解時(shí)，我感覺(jué)很糟。用法點(diǎn)撥(1)thefirsttime作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。類似的還有：themoment，theminute，thesecond，theinstant，each/every/next/any/lasttime，immediately，instantly，directly等。(2)forthefirsttime是介詞短語(yǔ)，它不能連接從句。Ⅰ.教材與語(yǔ)法填空Elias，apoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica，saidthatthetime1.whenhefirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofhislife.In1952，hewenttoseeMandela,2.ablacklawyer，foradvice.Mandelawasgenerouswithhistime，forwhichEliaswasverygrateful.Eliasbeganschoolatsix，buthehadtoleaveschooltwoyearslater3.becausehisfamilycouldn’taffordtheschoolfeesandthebusfare.Asaresult，hehadverylittle4.education(educate)．Aftertryinghard，hegotajobinagoldmine.5.However，toliveinJohannesburg，onehadgottohaveapassbook.Nothavingonebecausehewasnotbornthere，heworriedabout6.whetherhewouldbecomeoutofwork.ThenMandelahelpedhim，tellinghimhowtogetthecorrectpapers7.tostay(stay)inJohannesburg.HebecamemorehopefulabouthisfutureandlaterjoinedtheANCYouthLeague8.organized(organize)byMandela.JustasMandelaputit，theblackswereso9.badly(bad)treatedthattheyhadreachedastagewheretheyhadalmostnorightsatall.In1963，hehelpedMandelablowupsomegovernmentbuildings.Heknewthatonly10.byansweringviolencewithviolencecouldtheyachievetheirdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.Ⅱ.教材與短文改錯(cuò)THERESTOFELIAS’STORYYoucannotimaginewhatthenameofRobbenIslandmadeusafraid.Itwasaprisonfromwherenooneescaped.ThereIspentthehardesttimeofmylife.ButwhenIgetthereNelsonMandelawasalsothereandhehelpedme.Mr.Mandelabeganaschoolforthoseofuswhohadfewlearning.Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningwhenweshouldhavebeenasleep.Wereadbooksunderourblanketsandusedanythingwecouldfindmakecandlestoseethewords.Ibecameagoodstudent.IwantedtostudyformydegreeandIwasnotallowedtodothat.Later，Mr.Mandelaallowedtheprisonguardstojoininus.Hesaidtheyshouldnotbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees.Theywerenotcleverthanme，buttheydidpasstheirexams.SoIknewIcouldgetadegreetoo.Thatmademefeelgoodaboutme.答案THERESTOFELIAS’STORYYoucannotimagineeq\f(what,how)thenameofRobbenIslandmadeusafraid.Itwasaprisonfromeq\f(where,which)nooneescaped.ThereIspentthehardesttimeofmylife.ButwhenIeq\f(get,got)thereNelsonMandelawasalsothereandhehelpedme.Mr.Mandelabeganaschoolforthoseofuswhohadeq\f(few,little)learning.Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeq\f(evening,evenings)whenweshouldhavebeenasleep.Wereadbooksunderourblanketsandusedanythingwecouldfindeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))makecandlestoseethewords.Ibecameagoodstudent.Iwantedtostudyformydegreeeq\f(and,but)Iwasnotallowedtodothat.Later，Mr.Mandelaallowedtheprisonguardstojoininus.Hesaidtheyshouldnotbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees.Theywerenoteq\f(clever,cleverer)thanme，buttheydidpasstheirexams.SoIknewIcouldgetadegreetoo.Thatmademefeelgoodabouteq\f(me,myself).Ⅲ.教材與微寫(xiě)作寫(xiě)作素材(關(guān)于人物介紹)1．作為律師，我熱愛(ài)我的工作。2．我相信法律面前人人平等。3．在大家處于困境時(shí)，我樂(lè)意不計(jì)報(bào)酬為大家提供幫助。4．事實(shí)上，很多人就法律問(wèn)題向我求助。提示：黑體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)，并且請(qǐng)使用when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文)Asalawyer，IamdevotedtomyjobandIbelieveallpeopleareequalbeforethelaw.I’mwillingtogiveahandwithoutrewardswhenpeopleareintrouble.Asamatteroffact，alotofpeopleturntomeforlegaladvice.Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2016·四川文星中學(xué)月考)Agreatloss—ShirleyTemplediesat85February12,2014BYDERRIKJ.LANG，AssociatedPressShirleyTempleBlack，whodiedonFebruary10thatage85，wasn’tjustachildstar.ShewasTHEchildstar—thesweetlittlegirlwhoseshiningsmilehelpedilluminesomeofthedarkestdaystheUShasknownduringtheGreatDepression.It’shardtodaytoimaginethesuperstarShirleywasonce“America’sLittleDarling”．ShesanganddancedherwaytothetopoftheboxofficeinsuchfilmsasBrightEyes，CurlyTopandHeidi.By1940，shehadappearedin43films.TempleteamedwithBillRobisoninfourmovies，andtheirdanceonthestairsinTheLittleColonelisstillalegendaryfilmmoment.Inthe1930s，hernameonamovieintroductionassured(保證)apackedhouse.Sheinspireddolls，dresses，dishes—evenadrink(alcohol-free，ofcourse)．USPresidentFranklinD．Rooseveltoncefamouslysaidthat“aslongasourcountryhasShirleyTemple，wewillbeallright”．Unlikesomanyoftoday’schildstars，Templedidn’tendupwithhernameappearingacrosstheheadlinesforbadbehaviors.Insteadofgettingherphotosonfrontpagesorstrugglingwithdrugsandalcohol，Templewentontoasecondcareerindiplomacy(外交)，includingpresidentialappointmentsasambassadortoGhana.Shesurprisedalotofpeoplewhodoubtedherwithhergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.Infact，hercareerinpublicservice(20years)waslongerthanhercareerinmovies(19years)．Theroleshevaluedmost，however，wasaswife，mother，grandmotherandgreat-grandmother.TheworldhaslostatreasuredHollywoodlegend.Buthermovieswillallowthatlittledynamicfiguretocontinuecharmingaudiencesforaverylongtime.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是美聯(lián)社的一篇新聞報(bào)道，告訴讀者秀蘭·鄧波兒辭世的消息。本文敘述了秀蘭·鄧波兒的生平簡(jiǎn)介。敘述了她對(duì)于當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)社會(huì)的貢獻(xiàn)，以及她個(gè)人的家庭觀念。1．Theword“illumine”inParagraph1means“”．A．shorten B．sweetenC．strengthen D．brighten答案D解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的敘述，她是一名童星，她燦爛的笑容讓在美國(guó)的大蕭條時(shí)期中面對(duì)最黑暗時(shí)刻的人們看到了光明。shorten縮短；sweeten變甜；strengthen加強(qiáng)；brighten照亮。故選D。2．Temple，asachildmoviestar，canbestbedescribedas.A．sweetandlivelyB．gentleandkindC．smartandknowledgeableD．shyandattractive答案A解析推理判斷題。sweetandlively甜美活潑；gentleandkind溫柔和藹；smartandknowledgeable聰明且知識(shí)淵博；shyandattractive害羞且有吸引力。從全文對(duì)作為一個(gè)童星的鄧波兒的描述來(lái)看，“甜美活潑”最合適。故選A。3．Whatpartdidsheregardasthemostimportantinherlife?A．Atopmoviestar.B．Abusinesswoman.C．Herfamilyrole.D．Herdiplomacycareer.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Theroleshevaluedmost，however，wasaswife，mother，grandmotherandgreat-grandmother.”可知，她最為看重的角色是妻子、母親、祖母以及曾祖母。也就是在家庭中的角色。故選C。4．Wheredoesthispassagepossiblycomefrom?A．Abiography. B．Anewspaper.C．Amagazine. D．Aposter.答案B解析文章出處題。biography傳記；newspaper報(bào)紙；magazine雜志；poster海報(bào)。根據(jù)新聞報(bào)道正文開(kāi)頭的時(shí)間和“BYDERRIKJ.LANG,AssociatedPress”可知，這是美聯(lián)社的一篇新聞報(bào)道，告訴讀者秀蘭·鄧波兒辭世的消息，應(yīng)該是在報(bào)紙上。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五(2016·湖北黃岡中學(xué)模擬)Whilegoingthroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyinourmind，we’reoftentoldthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.Butwhattruthisthereinthesaying?Istherearelationbetweenmoneyandhappiness？1Humansareverysensitivetochange.Whenwegetarise，wereallyenjoyit.ButsomestudieshaveshownthatinNorthAmerica，additionalincomebeyond75,000dollarsayearstopsimpactingday-to-dayhappiness.2Theyoftenendupspendingallthemoney，goingintodebt，andexperienceruinedsocialrelationships.Sosurelymoneycan’treallybuyhappiness.Well，recentstudiessuggestthattheproblemmayactuallybeinthewaythatwespendmoney.3Studiesshowthatpeoplewhospendtheirmoneyonothersfeelhappier.Asforthepeoplewhospendmoneyonthemselves，theirhappinessisunchanged.4Oneexperimentshowedthatinsteadofanorganizationwritingalargechecktoacharity，dividingtheamountupamongemployees，allowingthemtocontributetoacharityoftheirchoice，increasedtheirjobsatisfaction.Similarly，individualsthatspendmoneyoneachother，asopposedtothemselves，notonlyincreasejobsatisfaction，butimprovetheteamperformance.5Interestingly，thespecificwaymoneyisspentonothersisn’timportant.Spendingsomethingonothersistheimportantaspectofincreasingyourhappiness.A．Thesameprinciplehasbeentestedonteamsandorganizationsaswell.B．Moneyhasmoreeffectonthevastmajorityofpeopleinthelongrun.C．Insteadofbuyingthingsforyourself，trygivingsomeofittootherpeopleandseehowyoufeel.D．Andifso，howcanweuseittoouradvantage?E．Almosteverywherewelookintheworld，weseethatgivingmoneytoothersispositivelyrelatedtohappiness.F．Andwhileyou’resavingupforthesegreatestexperiences，don’tforgetthedailyjoysinlife.G．Infact，peoplewhowinalotteryareoftenreportedtohavebecomeextremelyunhappy.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀本文講述了錢(qián)和幸福之間的關(guān)系。)1．答案D解析根據(jù)上一句“錢(qián)和幸福有關(guān)系嗎？”可知，下一句是“如果有關(guān)系，我們?cè)撛鯓影彦X(qián)用得對(duì)我們有利？”故選D。2．答案G解析根據(jù)下一句“他們花光了所有的錢(qián)，負(fù)債累累”可知，那些贏了彩票的人經(jīng)常被報(bào)道說(shuō)不幸福。3．答案C解析根據(jù)上文“問(wèn)題在于我們花錢(qián)的方式”及下文“為他們花錢(qián)感到更幸?！笨芍?，此處應(yīng)為“不要只給自己買(mǎi)東西，而要試著給其他人買(mǎi)些東西并且看看(那樣做)我們感覺(jué)如何。”故選C。4．答案A解析根據(jù)下文“oneexperimentshowedthat...”中的“experiment”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為總體介紹此法則在實(shí)驗(yàn)中的測(cè)試。故選A。5．答案E解析根據(jù)下文可知，放眼看看整個(gè)世界，我們都可看到把錢(qián)給別人與幸福有著積極的聯(lián)系。故選E。Ⅲ.完形填空(2016·廣東湛江一中期中)Haveyoueverwatchedanartistpaintapicture？Heorsheworksclosetothecanvas1smallsectionsatatimeintheprocessofcompletingthewholepainting.Buteveryonceinawhile，the2muststepbackfromhis/herworkandlookatthewholepicture.Onlybysteppingawayfromwhatthey’reworkingoncanthey3theproperperspective(視角，觀點(diǎn))．Theproperpointofviewis4totheendresult.It’snodifferenceforanyothercreation.5it’sabusiness，aprojectoryourlife，youneedtostepback6inordertogetitright.Froma7，youcanseethingsyoucan’tseewhenyou’reclose.Thedifferenceisinworkingonyourproject8workinginit.It’salltooeasytofocusonsomethingbut9theimportantpartsneededtocreateasatisfyingresult.StephenCoveycallsit“10thesaw(鋸)”．Itwouldbe11tokeepsawingwithoutstoppingfromtimetotimetomakeyour12sharper.Butunfortunately，that’swhattoomanyofus13.Justlikemusic，weneedspaces14thenotesinordertocreatethelovelymelody(旋律)．Acontinuouscollectionofnoteswithnospacesisnotgood—it’s15.Youmayneedtotakeavacationto16workorstudy.Atothertimes，it’sbettertotakeacourseorattendameetingto17somenewideas.Sometimes，itmaybebettertotakeacompletebreak，togoawayandjustdosomethingtotally18—takeonavolunteerproject，buildahouseforHabitatforHumanityorsomeotherworthycauses.Theimportantthingistotakethebreaks.Withoutthem，wearenot19andwedon’tenjoyourworkorourlifeasmuch.Ourpressure20andbothourworkandourhealthsuffer.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文說(shuō)的是你在做任何事情的時(shí)候都要時(shí)不時(shí)地站遠(yuǎn)了看，把視野放大一點(diǎn)，調(diào)整自己的方向。1．A.picking B．paintingC．losing D．enjoying答案B解析結(jié)合上一句中的“anartistpaintapicture”及空后的“completingthewholepainting”可知，此處指藝術(shù)家靠近油畫(huà)布畫(huà)畫(huà)。2．A.scientist B．teacherC．physicist D．a(chǎn)rtist答案D解析結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境，特別是該空后的“thewholepicture”可知，此處指的是藝術(shù)家(artist)。3．A.turn B．changeC．gain D．give答案C解析藝術(shù)家走到離畫(huà)布遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的地方是為了獲得(gain)更合適的創(chuàng)作視角。4．A.important B．specialC．ordinary D．popular答案A解析根據(jù)下一段的內(nèi)容可知，此處表示合適的視角對(duì)作品最后的效果很重要(important)。5．A.Although B．WhereC．Because D．Whether答案D解析不管(whether)是生意、工程還是生活，你都需要不時(shí)地往后退一些。6．A.finallyB．sometimesC．immediatelyD．slowly答案B解析不時(shí)地(sometimes)往后退一些是為了更好地進(jìn)行下去。此處的sometimes與第二段第一句中的“everyonceinawhile”相照應(yīng)。7．A.height B．depthC．distance D．length答案C解析fromadistance在遠(yuǎn)處，與后面的“whenyou’reclose”相對(duì)應(yīng)。隔一段距離(distance)，你能夠看到在近處所看不到的東西。8．A.insteadof B．togetherwithC．suchas D．lessthan答案A解析空格處連接兩種不同的情景，因此用“insteadof”表示轉(zhuǎn)折。9．A.meet B．destroyC．collect D．miss答案D解析做事情過(guò)于投入會(huì)漏掉(miss)一些重要的部分，而這些部分是創(chuàng)造出令人滿意的結(jié)果所必需的。10．A.repairing B．sharpeningC．touching D．hiding答案B解析結(jié)合上文語(yǔ)境及后面的“sharper”可知，此處表示使鋸鋒利。故選sharpening。11．A.foolish B．interestingC．clever D．practical答案A解析根據(jù)上文中強(qiáng)調(diào)的“后退”的重要性及“磨刀不誤砍柴工”的道理可知，一味工作而不懂得停下來(lái)是很愚蠢的(foolish)行為。12．A.way B．mindC．tool D．sense答案C解析根據(jù)上文中提到的“saw(鋸)”可知，此處應(yīng)選tool。13．A.notice B．doC．find D．lose答案B解析但不幸的是我們多數(shù)人都是這么做(do)的，即一味做事而不懂得停下來(lái)。14．A.through B．beforeC．behind D．between答案D解析音符之間(between)需要有空隙才能產(chǎn)生優(yōu)美的旋律。15．A.music B．noiseC．sound D．pollution答案B解析該空與上一句中的“thelovelymelody”相對(duì)應(yīng)。音符間沒(méi)有空隙的音樂(lè)，毫無(wú)旋律可言，這種音樂(lè)是噪音(noise)。16．A.lookforwardto B．catchupwithC．getawayfrom D．workhardat答案C解析也許你需要度假來(lái)遠(yuǎn)離(getawayfrom)工作和學(xué)習(xí)。lookforwardto期待；catchupwith趕上；workhardat努力做。17．A.obtain B．proveC．desert D．explain答案A解析在其他時(shí)候，參加課程或會(huì)議更能獲取(obtain)一些新點(diǎn)子。18．A.difficult B．necessaryC．common D．different答案D解析該空后提到的事情是與平時(shí)工作不同的(different)。19．A.native B．creativeC．a(chǎn)ttractive D．sensitive答案B解析不注意休息，我們就不會(huì)有創(chuàng)造力。此處與上一段第二句中的“newideas”照應(yīng)，故選creative。20．A.reduces B．disappearsC．increases D．improves答案C解析壓力增加(increase)，會(huì)使我們的工作和健康都遭受損害。Ⅰ.詞匯拓展1．depressionn．不景氣；蕭條；萎靡不振；沮喪depressingadj.令人壓抑的；沉悶的depressedadj.感到沮喪的；消沉的；蕭條的2．treasuren．寶藏；珍寶；vt.珍惜；重視(1)treasuredadj.珍貴的(2)IaminNovaScotiaonapilgrimage(朝圣)withLise，mygranddaughter，seekingrootsforher，retracing(追溯)treasured(treasure)memoryforme.3．charmingadj.迷人的；可愛(ài)的；英俊的(1)charmn．魅力；v.使高興；吸引(2)ItwasOurHome，smallandcharming(charm)，overlookingaquietlake.(2015·天津)4．a(chǎn)sfor關(guān)于；至于(1)asto關(guān)于；至于(2)AsformyfavoritefigureinChinesehistoryitmustbeWeiYuan，agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.(2016·北京)至于中國(guó)歷史上我最喜歡的人物，那肯定是魏源，他是清朝末期一個(gè)偉大的思想家。5．a(chǎn)sopposedto與……相對(duì)；而不是(1)beopposedto反對(duì)……(2)Ihavebeenconsistentlyopposedtofeeding(feed)ababyregularly.6．intheprocessof在……過(guò)程中Ashighschoolstudents，werunintoonedifficultyafteranotherintheprocessoflearning(在學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中)．Ⅱ.句式升級(jí)1．Shesurprisedalotofpeoplewhodoubtedherwithhergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.→Whatsurprisedalotofpeoplewhodoubtedherwashergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.(用what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě))→Alotofpeoplewhodoubtedherweresurprisedwithhergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.(用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改寫(xiě))2．Whilegoingthroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyinourmind，we’reoftentoldthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.(補(bǔ)全句子)→Whilewegothroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyinourmind，we’reoftentoldthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.3．Similarly，individualsthatspendmoneyoneachother，asopposedtothemselves，notonlyincreasejobsatisfaction，butimprovetheteamperformance.(同義句改寫(xiě))→Similarly，individualsspendingmoneyoneachother，ratherthanthemselves，improvetheteamperformanceaswellasincreasejobsatisfaction.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Theyarecompletelyfearlessandwillreadilytakeonacreaturemuchlargerthanthemselves，attacking(attack)inlargegroupsandovercomingtheirtarget.(2015·安徽)2．Secondly，suchaninclusionmaygiverisetoprejudicesoftheeducated(educate)againstthosewithlittleknowledgeofEnglish.(2014·江蘇)3．Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouarefullydevoted(devote)toyourwork.(2014·湖南)4．Thetwogroupsrememberedtheinformationequally(equal)well.(2015·安徽)5．ProjectORBISalsoaimsatpromotingpeaceful(peace)cooperationamongcountries.(2014·江西)6．Hewrotethereportundertheguidanceofhisteacher.7．Hopefully(hope)thatgivesyouagoodstart.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)8．Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneofwhichhasbeenproved.(2016·浙江)9．Forfivedays，Edmonton’sDowntownParkistransformedintoonehugestagewhereartistsareabletosharetheirtalents.10．ThedriverdeclaredguiltymaybefinedamaximumofHK25,000andbesentenced(sentence)toupto3yearsinprison.Ⅱ.運(yùn)用本單元所學(xué)短語(yǔ)完成下列片段Thesituationhasbecomeworseandworsesincethenewgovernment11.cametopower(上臺(tái)；執(zhí)政)．Iam12.outofwork(失業(yè))；Idon’tknowwhomto13.turnto(求助于)．Ithoughtofmyheadteacheroneday，whoalwaysencouragedusnotto14.loseheart(失去信心)andbehopefulaboutthefuturewhenweare15.introuble(處境困難)．Ⅲ.完成句子16．只有經(jīng)過(guò)一年的友好討論，Garza女士才最終答應(yīng)了。(2016·全國(guó)Ⅰ)OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.17．第一次看到SuzyKhan，我就知道我得幫她。(2014·北京)ThefirsttimeIsawSuzyKhan，IknewIhadtohelpher.18．這就是為什么許多成功人士建議你去做你喜歡的事情的一個(gè)很大的原因。Thisisabigreasonwhymanysuccessfulpeopleadviseyoutodosomethingyoulove.19．我真的想采訪他，因?yàn)樗粌H是第一個(gè)去太空的中國(guó)人，而且他也是世界上最偉大的宇航員之一。(2015·安徽)IwouldreallyliketointerviewhimbecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogotospacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.20．很多年輕人前往偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)去追逐夢(mèng)想，他們中的大多數(shù)人都受過(guò)良好的教育。(2016·江蘇)Manyyoungpeople，mostofwhomwerewell-educated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.Ⅳ.閱讀理解(2017·吉林梅河口五中段考)Aqualifieddoctorwhorarelypracticedbutinsteaddevotedhislifetowriting，heoncesaid：“Medicineismylawfulwife，andliteratureismylover.”Russianwriter，AntonPavlovichChekhov，wasagreatplaywrightandoneofthemastersofthemodernshortstory.WhenChekhoventeredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolin1879，hestartedtopublishhundredsofcomicshortstoriestosupporthisfamily.Afterhegraduated，hewroteregularlyforalocaldailynewspaper.Asawriterhewasextremelyfast，oftenproducingashortstoryinanhourorless.Chekhov’smedicalandscienceexperiencecanbeseenthroughtheindifference(冷漠)manyofhischaractersshowtotragicevents.In1892，hebecameafull-timewriterandpublishedsomeofhismostmemorablestories.ChekhovoftenwroteaboutthesufferingsoflifeinsmalltownRussia.Tragiceventscontrolhischaracterswhoarefilledwithfeelingsofhopelessnessanddespair.ItisoftensaidthatnothinghappensinChekhov’sstoriesandplays.Hemadeupforthiswithhisexcitingtechniquefordevelopingdramawithinhischaracters.Chekhov’sworkcombinedthecalmattitudeofascientistanddoctorwiththesensitivity(敏感)ofanartist.SomeofChekhov’sworksweretranslatedintoChineseasearlyasthe1940s.Oneofhisfamousstories，TheManinaShell，aboutaschoolteacher’sextraordinarilyorderlylife，wasselectedasatextforChineseseniorstudents.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀本文介紹了俄羅斯偉大的現(xiàn)代短篇小說(shuō)家——契訶夫。)21．WhichofthefollowingistheRIGHTorderoftheevents?a．becameadoctorb．becameafull-timewriterc．startedtopublishcomicshortstoriesd．wroteregularlyforalocaldailynewspapere．enteredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolA．e→c→b→a→d B．e→c→a→d→bC．d→a→b→c→e D．a(chǎn)→e→d→c→b答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。要求排列事件順序，可用首尾定位法。第一個(gè)事件是“enteredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchool”；最后一個(gè)事件是“becameafulltimewriter”，故答案為B。22．AntonPavlovichChekhov.A．wasonceadoctorB．hadalawfulloverC．usedtobealawyerD．wasanillegalwriter答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“Aqualifieddoctorwhorarelypracticedbutinsteaddevotedhislifetowriting...”可知，契訶夫曾經(jīng)是名醫(yī)生。故選A。23．In1880，Chekhov.A．becameafull-timewriterB．publishedhismostmemorablestoriesC．studiedmedicineinMoscowUniversityD．practicedmedicineinhishometown答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“WhenChekhoventeredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolin1879”可知契訶夫1879年進(jìn)入莫斯科大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī)，由此可以判定契訶夫1880年正在大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī)。故選C。24．WhichofthefollowingadjectivesCAN’TbeusedtodescribeChekhov?A．Sensitive. B．Cool.C．Quick-minded. D．Warm-hearted.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中講到了他的品質(zhì)有：cool，sensitive(calmattitudeofascientistanddoctorwiththesensitivity...)，quick-minded(extremelyfast，oftenproducingashortstoryinanhourorless)，但沒(méi)有涉及到warm-hearted這方面的品質(zhì)。故選D。Ⅴ.完形填空(2017·江西樟樹(shù)中學(xué)、高安二中等六校聯(lián)考)OnedayItookabuswithmygirlfriend.Itwasso25thatwestoodforseveralstopsuntilavacantseatwas26forher.Thenaprettygirlrushedtowardme，saying，“Hi，whereareyougoing？”IwassostruckbythestrangerthatIhadahardtimetryingto27her.Clearlyshehadtakenme28somebodyelse.Ireturnedhergreetingwithpoliteness，29togiveexplanationtomygirlfriendlater.Noticingmydialoguewithsomebodyelse，mygirlfriend30hereyesandfoundshewaspretty.Sheaskedjealously，“Who’sshe？”Theprettygirl，quite31ofthesituation，spokeoutfirst，“Hi，letme32myself.I’mNancy；weusedtobe33.Verygladtomeetyou.”Shebehavedvery34.ButIwas35tosearchinmymemoryforsomeonecalledNancyamongmyneighbors.Iwasworryingabouthowtoexplainthistomygirlfriend36theprettygirlagainturnedtome，“Willyougivemeyourcellphonenumbersothatwe37keepcontactslater？”Ihadtosubmit(服從)toher38.Thenthegirlgotoffthebusatthenextstop.AminutelaterIgotashort39onmyphone—fromastranger.Mygirlfriend40myphoneandreadthenote.Itwasfromthegirl，whosaid，“Justnow，twothievestriedto41yourpocket.Ihadtoactasanacquaintancetodrawyourattention.Ishouldhaveleftatthe42stopbutgaveupasInoticedthesetwothievesalso43toleaveatthesamestop.Becauseofthe44Idelayedmydeparture.Nowyou’llunderstandallIhavedonetoyou.Wishyouluck.”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。講述了有一天“我”和女朋友在一輛公共汽車(chē)上，有兩個(gè)小偷想偷“我”的錢(qián)包，卻被一個(gè)漂亮女孩發(fā)現(xiàn)以及這個(gè)女孩如何幫“我”擺脫這兩個(gè)小偷的故事。25．A.tiring B．crowdedC．slow D．messy答案B解析根據(jù)本空后的“westoodforseveralstopsuntilavacantseat”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)車(chē)上人很多，是很擁擠的(crowded)，故B項(xiàng)正確。26．A.ready B．specialC．a(chǎn)vailable D．suitable答案C解析根據(jù)本空前的內(nèi)容及“avacantseat”可知，站了好幾站，她才有座。available表示“可獲得的”，故C項(xiàng)正確。27．A.identify B．realizeC．remind D．judge答案A解析根據(jù)本空前的“Iwassostruckbythestranger”可知，作者并不認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)女孩。identify表示“辨認(rèn)出，識(shí)別”，故A項(xiàng)正確。28．A.on B．forC．with D．by答案B解析上文說(shuō)作者并不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)女孩，所以此處指作者認(rèn)為她一定是把他誤以為是別人了。takefor表示“誤以為”，故B項(xiàng)正確。29．A.preferring B．promisingC．managing D．planning答案D解析句意為：我友好地和那個(gè)女孩打招呼，準(zhǔn)備稍后再向女朋友解釋。plan計(jì)劃；打算。故D項(xiàng)正確。30．A.fixed B．openedC．focused D．raised答案D解析根據(jù)本空后的“hereyesandfoundshewaspretty.”可知，女朋友抬起雙眼看那女孩。raise表示“抬高，使上升”，故D項(xiàng)正確。31．A.proud B．carefulC．a(chǎn)ware D．a(chǎn)fraid答案C解析上文說(shuō)女朋友問(wèn)作者這個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)，再結(jié)合本空后的“spokeoutfirst”可知，女孩意識(shí)到這個(gè)情況后，先開(kāi)口說(shuō)話了。beawareof表示“意識(shí)到”，故C項(xiàng)正確。32．A.explain B．introduceC．enjoy D．help答案B解析根據(jù)本空后的“I’mNancy”可知，小女孩在介紹(introduce)自己，故B項(xiàng)正確。33．A.partners B．friendsC．neighbors D．colleagues答案C解析根據(jù)下文中的“searchinmymemoryforsomeonecalledNancyamongmyneighbors”可知，小女孩說(shuō)我們?cè)?jīng)是鄰居(neighbor)，故C項(xiàng)正確。34．A.naturally B．generouslyC．cautiou