2022新高考全國(guó)I卷（英語(yǔ)試卷）

絕密★啟用前試卷類型：A

2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試

英語(yǔ)

本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡例筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座

位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（A）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將

條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角”條形碼粘貼處因筆試不考聽(tīng)力，選擇題從第二部

分的“閱讀”開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開(kāi)始。

2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B船筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案

信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用像皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷

上。

3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)

域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上：如而改動(dòng)，先則掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使

用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。

4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=

10%;Essay2-15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.

GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.Allthe

assignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningand

coursemanagementsystem.

DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTest/GroupWork/Homework(10%)

nClassactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-class

writingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass5

lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotime

Iwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,both

ofwhichwillbegraded.

LateWork

Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradefbreachclassperioditis

late.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnot

completedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbe

accepted.

21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.

C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.

22.Howmanypartsisastudent'sfinalgrademadeupof?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?

A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.

C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.

B

Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula（芝麻菜）wastomake

anicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriends

calledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawent

bad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatI

threwout.

Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,ufbodwastegoesagainstthemoral

grain,"asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth'scoverstory.It'sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectly

goodfoodisthrownaway-from“ugly”（butquiteeatable）vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolarge

amountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.

Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.That

makesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,44iffoodwastewereacountry,it

wouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.^^

Ifthat'shardtounderstand,lefskeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.

MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime-butforhim,ifsmorelike12boxesofdonated

strawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington.D.C.,which

recoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffood

bytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished（有瑕疵的）producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedin

fields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdown

theroad.

Suchmethodsseemobvious,yersooftenwejustdon'tthink."Everyonecanplayapartin

reducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorby

askingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon'teat.”Curtinsays.

24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?

A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.

C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsfbrwastingfood.

25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetext?

A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.

C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.

26.WhatdoesCurtin'scompanydo?

A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.

C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.

27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?

A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.

C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.

C

Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostop

themfeelinglonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善組織）toreducelonelinessandimprove

elderlypeople'swellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessof

themind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.

Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:"Iusedtokeephens

whenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.

“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutand

downthereagainatnighttoseethey'vegonetobed.

“It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehens

andresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I'menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeels

greattohavedonesomethinguseful.”

Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthe

charityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PcnfbldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,

said:"'Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelooking

forwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehcre.^^

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetakingpartinthe

project.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.^^

28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes.B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.

C.Toraisemoneyfbrmedicalresearch.D.Topromotetheelderlypeople'swelfare.

29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.

C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory.D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.

30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon^meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.

31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.

C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

D

Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and"a"tothe

rareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?

Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeech

soundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld'slanguages.

Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,

suchasand"v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.Nowa

teamofresearchersledbyDamianBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowand

whythistrendarose.

Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned（對(duì)齊），

makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.

Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)），makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.

Theteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagriculturein

theNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn'thavetodoasmuch

workandsodidn'tgrowtobesolarge.

Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundof

worldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof"f*'and'""increasingremarkablyduringthe

lastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gatherer

peopletoday.

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhuman

beingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago."Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarily

remainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsounds

thatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandcultural

evolution,saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.

32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamianBlasi7sresearchfocuson?

A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.

C.Itsquantity.D.Itsdevelopment.

33.Whywasitdifficultfbrancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?

A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.

B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.

C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.

D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.

34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Supportingevidencefbrtheresearchresults.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.

第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分。滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余

選項(xiàng)。

FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”

Onereasonwas:"You'llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingfbryouatthegym,“while

anotherread:"36"Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisa

subtle（微妙）competition.

So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?

Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.37Ordoyoujustwanttobe

physicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketo

dowithyourworkoutpartner.

Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon't

resultinausefulresponse.38Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongto

thesamegym.

Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkind

oftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendon

eachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphone

number.39

Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.40Overtime,bothofyouwill

benefit-yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.The

core（核心）ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.

A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.

B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.

C.You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.

D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?

E.Howcanyouwriteagood"seekingtrainingpartner*1notice?

F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.

G.Anynoticefbratrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinfbnnation.

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.

Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.

Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothe

creek（小溪）.Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.

Hewas44.andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tyinghimup,1just

keptacloseeyeonhim.It46-hedidn'tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.

Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe47.but

stormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49

pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetried

again.No51.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere

52,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere53.

Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearcfilledwithasense

of54、wonderingwhatcampingfunand55wewillexperiencenext.

41.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries

42.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled

43.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried

44.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid

45.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor

46.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed

47.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headedoff

48.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded

49.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed

50.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix

51.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal

52.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly

53.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right

54.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement

55.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).

56(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes57sizeofYellowstoneNationalPart,theGPNPwill

beoneofthefirstnationalparkinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumber

ofareasthat58(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasfor

giantpandasunderoneauthority59(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesin

management.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP60

(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof"protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)of

naturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,6i

leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets（資產(chǎn)）forfuturegenerations".TheGPNP'smaingoalisto

improveconnectivitybetweenseparate62（populationlandhomesofgiantpandas,and_63

（eventual）achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.

Giantpandasalsoserve64anumbrellaspecies（物種），bringingprotectiontoahostof

plantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedto

providestrongerprotectionforallthespecies65livewithintheGiantPandaRangeand

significantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.

第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)、滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（滿分15分）

假定你是校廣播站英語(yǔ)節(jié)目"TalkandTalk”的負(fù)責(zé)人李華，請(qǐng)給外教Caroline寫(xiě)郵件邀請(qǐng)她

做一次訪談。內(nèi)容包括：

1.節(jié)目介紹；

2.訪談的時(shí)間和話題。

注意：

1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearCaroline,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一