第二三課征服“要你命”的詞組搭配講義-高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

征服“要你命”的搭配1．如何搞定固定搭配？Sb.Lookforward(todoingsth/sth.)doingsth/sth)to:不定式todo；介詞+名詞期望做某事to不定式/介詞固定搭配是什么？兩件事搭配到一起。把兩個(gè)東西拆開來。沒有固定搭配，只有習(xí)慣用法。首先拆分理解，然后合并玩耍。about:關(guān)于，環(huán)繞beangryaboutsb.beangry(aboutsth./doingsth.)ex：Thebookis(aboutstudy).Abirdisflying(aboutthebush).beanxiousabout為…擔(dān)心；對(duì)…焦急becarefulabout當(dāng)心…;注意…becertainabout對(duì)…確信becuriousabout對(duì)…感到好奇bedisappointedabout對(duì)…感到失望beexcitedabout對(duì)…感到興奮begladabout對(duì)…感到高興behappyabout對(duì)…感到高興behopefulabout對(duì)…抱有希望bemadabout迷戀…；對(duì)…狂人benervousabout對(duì)…感到緊張besadabout對(duì)…感到難過beseriousabout對(duì)…是認(rèn)真的besureabout對(duì)…有把握beworriedabout對(duì)…感到擔(dān)心beparticularabout對(duì)…講究；對(duì)…挑剔兩招擊殺搭配：拆分理解意思（關(guān)鍵是介詞）組合掌握用法（跟什么詞搭配，詞要變成什么形式）2.如何搞定固定搭配中的常見介詞和副詞？關(guān)于26種介詞【原始含義】在外延附近【引申含義】【prep】（1）關(guān)于relatingtoeg:abook(aboutancientGreece)Idon’tknow(whatyouaretalkingabout).（2）在…四處aroundeg:Wewandered(aboutthetown)(foranhourorso).wonder（3）在…附近neareg:Theyaren’tseen(abouthereveryoften).【adv】（1）在…四處aroundeg:Thechildrenwererushingabout(inthegarden).（2）在附近neareg:Thereisnofoodabout.（3）大約orsoeg:Itis(about10’oclock).Itcosts(about500dollars).【常見搭配】作介詞時(shí)的搭配：一、動(dòng)詞+（about+名詞）argue（aboutsth）爭論某事Theyarearguing(abouttheanswer)(tothequestion).care(aboutsb/sth)關(guān)心…;對(duì)…感興趣learn(aboutsth)得知某事think(aboutsth)考慮…wonder(aboutsb/sth)對(duì)…好奇二、名詞1+（about+名詞2）concern(aboutsb./sth)對(duì)…的關(guān)心/關(guān)懷curiosity(aboutsb./sth)對(duì)…的好奇becuriousaboutityn.identitydoubt(aboutsb./sth)對(duì)…的懷疑enthusiasm(aboutsth)對(duì)…的熱情enthusiasticrmation(aboutsb./sth)關(guān)于…的信息remark/view/opinion(aboutsth)對(duì)…的評(píng)論/觀點(diǎn)/意見三、be+adj+（about+名詞）beanxious/nervous(aboutsth)為…而憂慮becrazy/mad/wild(aboutsth)對(duì)…癡狂besorry(aboutsth)對(duì)…感到抱歉beserious(aboutsth)對(duì)…認(rèn)真作副詞時(shí)的搭配：一、名詞+動(dòng)詞+about1)stheabout某事發(fā)生2）sb.wander/walkabout某人四處走【原始含義】在…上方【引申含義】【prep】在…上方overeg:Thesunrose（abovethehorizon）.2）(數(shù)量、地位、聲音、重要性等)高于…superiorto,beyond,morethan,greaterthaneg:TheChinesevaluedpearls（abovegold）.eg:Youcanalwayshearhervoice(aboveeverybodyelse’s).【常見搭配】一、動(dòng)詞+（above+名詞）live(aboveone’sine)入不敷出地生活putA(aboveB)把A看得比B更重要rise(abovesth)克服…Heroseabovehispain/badluck/difficulties.cross【原始含義】在表面穿過【引申含義】【prep】穿過fromonesidetotheothersideofstheg:Idrawalineacrossthepage.eg:Agrinspread(acrossherface).在…對(duì)面ontheothersideofsth.eg:There’saschoolrightacrossthestreet.遍及…ineverypartofsth.eg：ThepopularTVseriesspreadacrossAmerica.【常見搭配】動(dòng)詞+（across+名詞）Ae(acrossB)A偶遇BAcut(acrossB)A走B捷徑；A打斷B的談話Ago(acrossB)A穿過BAput(acrossB)A解釋清楚BArun(acrossB)A橫穿B;A偶然碰到Bfter【原始含義】在…之后【引申含義】【prep】（時(shí)間）在…之后laterthansth.eg:Wewillleave(afterlunch).（空間）在…之后behindsb./stheg:Heranafterherwiththebook.(按順序、重要性)在…后面nexttosb/sthinorderorimportanceeg:Yournamees(aftermine)(inthelist).與…對(duì)比incontrasttostheg:Itwaspleasantlycoolinthehouse（afterthestickyheatoutside）.模仿followingtheexampleofsb/stheg:Readthesentenceafterme,please.【adv】后來afterwardseg:Soonafter,shecamebacktoherhometown.eg:Theprinceandprincesslivedhappilyeverafter.【常見搭配】modeln.模型v.模仿；moderna現(xiàn)代的作介詞時(shí)的搭配一、名詞+動(dòng)詞+（after+名詞）Achase(afterB)A追趕/追求BAgo(afterB)A追逐B(yǎng)Alook/see(afterB)A照顧BAmodel(afterB)A以B為榜樣AnameC(afterB)A以B為C命名Atake(afterB)A與B相像二、（after+名詞）afterall畢竟afterawhile過了一會(huì)5.against【原始含義】aga相對(duì)【引申含義】【prep】與…相反，反對(duì)opposingordisagreeingwithsb/stheg:thefightagainstterrorismeg:wewererowingagainstthecurrent（水流）eg:Itisagainstthelawtorobthebank.對(duì)…不利nottotheadvantageorfavourofsb/stheg:Herageisagainsther.緊靠，碰touching,closetoorhittingsb/stheg:Shewasleaningagainstatree.eg:Therainbeatagainstthewindows.預(yù)防inordertopreventsthfromhappeningeg:Savemoneyagainstarainyday.襯托withsthinthebackground,asacontrasteg:Theredclothesstoodoutclearlyagainstthewhite.與…相比paredtosth.eg:Youmustweighthebenefits(againstthecost).【常見搭配】一、動(dòng)詞+（against+名詞）pete(againstsb)與某人競(jìng)爭fight(againststh)反對(duì)…;與…作斗爭go(againststh)違反…press(againststh)壓在…上struggle(againstsb/sth)與…搏斗/反抗turn(againstsb)背叛..vote(againstsb)投票反對(duì)…beset(againstsb/sth)堅(jiān)決反對(duì)…6.around【原始含義】在范圍內(nèi)【引申含義】【prep】圍繞surroundingsb/stheg:Heputhisarmsaroundher.eg:Therearemanybarsaroundthetown.在/到/從那邊on,toorfromtheothersideofsb/stheg:Thebuscamearoundthecorner.到處inortomanyplacesinanareaeg:Theywalkedaroundthetownlookingforaplacetoeat.【adv】大約approximatelyeg:Therearearound10,000peoplewatchingtheWorldCup2018.周圍surroundingsb/stheg:Icouldhearlaughterallaround.到處inortomanyplaceseg:Iranaroundtofindhim.【常見搭配】作介詞時(shí)一、動(dòng)詞+（around+名詞）look(aroundsth)環(huán)顧…；游覽…center(aroundsth)以…為中心wrap(aroundsth)纏繞著…二、（around+名詞）aroundthecorner臨近…aroundtheclock日夜不停地；夜以繼日地作副詞時(shí)名詞+動(dòng)詞+aroundsbgazearound環(huán)顧…sthgetaround某事（尤指消息、謠言等）流傳sb/sthturnaround某人/某物轉(zhuǎn)身【原始含義】在空間或時(shí)間上的一點(diǎn)【引申含義】【prep】在某個(gè)時(shí)間或某個(gè)地點(diǎn)wheresth/sbisorwhensthhappenseg:Iwillbeathomeallmorning.eg:Atnightyoucanseethestars.朝towardssb/stheg:Don’tpointatme.從相隔…遠(yuǎn)的地方thedistanceawayfromstheg:Canyoureadtheadvertisement(atfiftymetres)?eg:Youhadbetterkeephimatadistance.處于某種狀態(tài)thesituationsb/sthisineg:Mr.BinGeisatlunch.eg:Ifeelatadisadvantage.在…方面showhowwellsbdoesstheg:IamgoodatEnglish.對(duì)于；由于showthecauseofstheg:Shewasdelightedattheresult.【常見搭配】一、動(dòng)詞+（at+名詞）aim(atsth)針對(duì)…glare(atsth)對(duì)…怒目而視knock(atsth)敲…shout(atsb)朝某人喊叫target(atsb/sth)瞄準(zhǔn)…二、（at+名詞）atthecost/expenseofsth以…為代價(jià)attherequestofsb應(yīng)某人的要求attheriskofsth/doingsth冒著…的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)atthesightofsb/sth一看見…ataspeedofsomenumber以…的速度atadiscount折扣athand在手邊，即將發(fā)生atlength詳細(xì)；最終eg:theseaspectshavebeendiscussedatlengtheg:atlengthshelaiddownthepencilatonetime曾經(jīng)三、be+adj+（at+名詞）bedelightedatsth對(duì)…感到非常高興bedisappointedatsb/sth對(duì)…感到失望beexpert/skilled/giftedatsth/doingsth專長，精通beterrifiedatsth/doingsth對(duì)…害怕【原始含義】be+fore在…之前（時(shí)間、空間、重要性）【引申含義】【prep】(時(shí)間上)在…之前earlierthansb/stheg:Pleaseebackbefore18:00pm.(空間上)在…之前infrontofeg:Theykneltbeforethethrone.(重要性上)在…之前inpreferencetoeg:Healthshouldebeforewealth.【常見搭配】一、動(dòng)詞+（before+名詞）Ae(beforeB)A比B更重要plain(beforesb)在某人面前抱怨二、（before+名詞）(beforelong)不久以后(beforedark)天黑以前【原始含義】be+hind在…之后【引申含義】【prep】(空間上)在后面atthebackofsb/stheg:Themoondisappearedbehindacloud.eg:Adogisrunningbehindus./Adogisrunningafterus.???（時(shí)間上）在后面aftereg:Theworkis22weeksbehindschedule.（能力上）在后面lessadvancedthaneg:He'sbehindtherestoftheclassinreading.支持supportingeg:Behindeverygreat/successfulmantherestandsawoman.產(chǎn)生的原因thecauseofeg:What’sbehindthathappysmile?(=whatiscausingit?)【adv】在后面Eg:Sherodeoff(downtheroad)(withthedog)(runningbehind).【常見搭配】作介詞時(shí)一、動(dòng)詞+（behind+名詞）fallbehindsb/sth落在…后面bebehindsb(alltheway)全力支持某人二、（behind+名詞）(behindtheschedule)比計(jì)劃落后(behindthewheel)開車作副詞時(shí)leavesthbehind遺漏某物sbstaybehind留下來【原始含義】be+side在…旁邊【引申含義】【prep】在…旁邊nexttoeg:Shecameupandsatbesideme.與…相比paredwitheg:Mypaintinglookschildishbesideyours.【常見搭配】一、（beside+名詞）(besideoneself)(withsth)(喜、怒等)不自禁Eg:Theywerebesidethemselveswithexcitement.(besidethepoint)不是重點(diǎn)Theytookmywordsoutofcontext,butthat'sbesidethepoint.【原始含義】be+sides除…外，還有…【引申含義】 【prep】除了…外，還有…inadditiontoeg:Ithinkshehasmanygoodqualitiesbesidesbeingverybeautiful.except總體中減去besides總體中還要加一部分【常見搭配】besides+名詞/doingstheg：Wehavelotsofthingsinmonbesidesmusic.eg：Besidesbeingheartbroken,shefeltfoolish.12.between【原始含義】betwoin”在兩者之間”【引申含義】 【prep】(時(shí)間、空間、數(shù)量、距離等)在…之間eg:IsatdownbetweenSueandJane.eg:Youshouldn’teatbetweenmeals.表示聯(lián)系或關(guān)系usedtoshowaconnectionorrelationshipeg:adifference/distinction/contrastbetweenlifeanddeath合用；共享sharedbytwoormorepeopleorthingseg:Thissecretisjustbetweenyouandme.【常見搭配】 一、動(dòng)詞+(between+名詞）makeadifferencebetweensb/sthb區(qū)別對(duì)待eg:Shemakesnodifferencebetweenhertwosons.readbetweenthelines聽/讀出話外音eg:Readingbetweenthelines,I'dsayheisn'thappywiththesituation.

二、名詞+(between+名詞）thebalance(betweenAandB)平衡A與Beg:Weshouldalwaysconsiderthebalancebetweencostandbenefit.theconnection(betweenAandB)A與B之間的聯(lián)系【原始含義】be+yond在…之外【引申含義】 【prep】(距離上)遠(yuǎn)于…onthefurthersideofstheg:Theroadcontinues(beyondthevillage)(upintothehills).（時(shí)間上）晚于…laterthanaparticulartimeeg:Thegraduationpartywentonbeyondmidnight.（范圍上）超出outsidealimiteg:Thebagisbeyondmyreach.eg:Thebikeisbeyondrepair.無法理解unabletounderstandeg:I'mafraidphysicsispletelybeyondme.【常見搭配】 一、(beyond+名詞）beyondbelief難以置信beyondsb超出某人理解beyondimagination超出想象beyondparison無與倫比的beyondcontrol無法控制beyondmeasure無法估量beyonddoubt確證無疑的beyondone’sreach夠不著；力不能及beyondone’swildestdreams（好事）出乎某人意料14.by【原始含義】在…旁邊【引申含義】 【prep】在…旁邊atthesideofeg:Hewantedtokeepherclosebyhimalways.被，由…showthepersonorthingthatdoessomethingeg:Themotorcyclewasdrivenbyatinybaldman.表方式showhowsomethingisdoneeg:TheytravelledacrossEuropebytrain/car.不遲于notlaterthan;atorbeforeeg:Shehadpromisedtobebackbyfiveo'clock.通過…；根據(jù)…accordingtoeg:Don’tjudgeapersononlybyhislooks.由于asaresultofeg:Theymetbychance.eg:Ididitbymistake.【adv】經(jīng)過pasteg:Timegoesbysoquickly.eg:Hehurriedbywithoutspeakingtome.【常見搭配】 作介詞時(shí)一、by+名詞byaccident/chance/coincidence巧合地byallmeans一定要bymeansofsb/sth借助于…byparison相比之下bynomeans絕不bydefinition根據(jù)定義byheart靠記憶bynature本質(zhì)上…byturns輪流地二、動(dòng)詞+（by+名詞）judge/tellsb/sth(bysth)通過…判斷l(xiāng)ive(bysth)以…為生計(jì)takesb(bysth)抓住某人的某個(gè)部位tell(bysth)通過…判斷三、be+形容詞+（by+名詞）becharacterized(bysth)以…為特征bedistracted(bysth)精力被…分散bereplaced(bysth)被…取代四、名詞+by+名詞bitbybit/inchbyinch一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地daybyday一天一天地stepbystep一步一步地yearbyyear一年一年地作副詞時(shí)名詞+動(dòng)詞+bysbdrop/stopby某人順便訪問15.despite【原始含義】inspiteof盡管【引申含義】 盡管【prep】【常見搭配】 despitesth/doingsth盡管某事，盡管做了某事eg:Hefailedintheexamdespitealltheefforts.eg:Shewasgoodatphysicsdespitethefactthatshefounditboring.despiteoneself盡管(自己)不愿意eg:Hehadtolaughdespitehimself.16.down【原始含義】向下【引申含義】 【prep】向下towardsalowerpositioneg:Tearsrandownherfacequiettely.eg:Thestonerolleddownthehill.沿著alongeg:Iwalkeddownthestreet.【adv】向下;在下面tooratalowerplaceorpositioneg:Helookeddownather.(數(shù)量、力量等)減弱，降低toshowthattheamountorstrengthofsthislowerorlesseg:Turnthemusicdown!(寫)在紙上onpaper;onalisteg:Haveyougotmedownforthetrip?【常見搭配】 作副詞時(shí)一、動(dòng)詞+名詞+downblow(sth)down吹倒burn(sth)down燒毀break(sth)down摧毀knock(sth)down撞倒letsbdown讓某人失望turnsbdown拒絕二、名詞+動(dòng)詞+downsthbreakdown分解，損壞burn(sth)down燒毀sblookdown(onsth)某人瞧不起sb/sthslowdown減速letsbdown讓某人失望turnsbdown拒絕17.during【原始含義】在…期間【引申含義】【prep】在…期間eg:Hewastakentothehospitalduringthenight.eg:Notaworddidtheysay（duringthemeal）.18.except【原始含義】除了takeoutof【引申含義】 【prep】除了eg:EveryonewashereexceptLiHua.【注意】besides表示“加”，except表示“減”【常見搭配】exceptforsth除去…exceptthat+句子除了…nothingexceptsth只有…=nothingbutsth;nobodybutyou【原始含義】表指定對(duì)象【引申含義】 【prep】表對(duì)象（人、去向、時(shí)間、場(chǎng)合、距離）eg:Thereisagradereportforyou.eg:ThisisthebusforChicago.eg:Iamgoingawayforafewdays.eg:IamwarningyouforthelasttimeIamnotfat!eg:Theroadwentonformilesandmiles.表目的，為了eg:IlearnEnglishforpleasure.表原因，因?yàn)閑g:Hegotanawardforbravery.表支持eg:Areyoufororagainsttheproposal?作為eg:Iwillkeepitforasouvenir.eg:Don’ttakeothers’kindnessforgranted.【常見搭配】 作介詞副詞時(shí)一、動(dòng)詞+(for+名詞)answer(forsth)為…負(fù)責(zé)argue(forsth)為…爭辯account(forsth)為…解釋head/leave(forsomeplace)朝某地前進(jìn)stand(forsth/sb)象征…strive/struggle(forsth)為…而奮斗haveanear/eye(forsth)對(duì)…有鑒賞力二、be+形容詞+（for+名詞）befit/appropriate/suitable(forsb/sth)對(duì)…適合befamous/noted/celebrated(forsb/sth)因…著名bedesperate(forsth)急需…的beeager/hungry/thirsty(forsth)渴望…的beblamed/criticized(forsb/sth)y因…而受責(zé)備三、名詞+（for+名詞）affection(forsb/sth)對(duì)…的喜愛appeal(forsb/sth)對(duì)…的呼吁四、（for+名詞）forthemoment/present目前暫時(shí)formypart就我而言forpleasure為了消遣foronething,…Foranother,…一方面..另一方面…rom【原始含義】從…離開1）出發(fā)點(diǎn)：來源于；2）離開：遠(yuǎn)離，免于【引申含義】 【prep】來自于，從…eg:Heshowedgreatinterestinmusicfromanearlyage.eg:Thestonerolleddownthehill.使遠(yuǎn)離，免于awayfrom,preventeg:Treesprotectthecityfromsandstorms.eg:Shesavedthekidfromdrowning.【常見搭配】 一、名詞+(from+名詞)independence(fromsb/sth)從…中獨(dú)立eg:TheScotlandhasalwaysbeenseekingindependencefromtheGreatBritain.recovery(fromsth)從…中康復(fù)二、動(dòng)詞+(from+名詞)arise(fromsth)由…產(chǎn)生benefit(fromsth)獲益于…date(fromsometime)始于…時(shí)候discouragesb(fromsth/doingsth)使…氣餒escape(fromsth)逃離…grow(fromsth)由…發(fā)展而來hear(fromsb)收到某人來信result(fromsth)由…導(dǎo)致suffer(fromsth)受…折磨三、be+形容詞+(from+名詞)bedifferent(fromsth)不同于…befree(fromsth)不受…的影響eg:PeoplearefreefromtaxinBahamas.四、其他短語fromplacetoplace處處fromtimetotime不時(shí)地fromthebottomofone’sheart從心底fromnowon從現(xiàn)在起frombadtoworse越來越糟n【原始含義】在…之內(nèi)【引申含義】 【prep】在…范圍之內(nèi)（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)）eg:Wesatdownintheshadeofthetrees.eg:Romewasnotbuiltinaday.在…情緒/狀況之內(nèi)eg:Iaminlove.eg:Wewentoutintherain.穿著…eg:Shewasallinblack.eg:IaminaTshirttoday.用…語言/材料等eg:SayitinChinese.eg:Shewroteitinpencil.【常見搭配】 一、動(dòng)詞+(in+名詞)break(insb/sth)插話call(insb/sth)召人；召回物品engage(insb/sth)參加investtime/money/energy(insth)將時(shí)間/金錢/精力經(jīng)理投資于某事*spendlie(insth)在于…eg:Thereasonwhyyoucan’tmakerapidprogressliesinyourlaziness.major/specialize(insth)主修…；專攻…participate/takepart(insth/doingsth)參加…persist(insth/doingsth)堅(jiān)持做…playapart/role(insth/doingsth)在…中起作用二、be+形容詞+(in+名詞)beinterested(insth/doingsth)對(duì)…感興趣berooted(insth)植根于…eg:Hisunderstandingisrootedinhisculture.beabsorbed(insth/doingsth)專心于…三、in+名詞inaccordwithsth與…一致intotal總共inanattempttodosth試圖做inbalance處于平衡infort安逸inpanywithsb和某人一同inpensationforsth作為對(duì)…的補(bǔ)償inconfidence私下里indebt負(fù)債indespair絕望indetail詳細(xì)地inthefaceofsth面對(duì)…22.inside【原始含義】在…里面【引申含義】 【prep】在…里面eg:Insidetheboxwasaglitteringring.eg:You'llfeelbetterwithagoodmealinsideyou.【反義詞】o【原始含義】into進(jìn)入…的里面（動(dòng)態(tài)）【引申含義】 【prep】在…里面進(jìn)入，到…里面eg:eintothehouseeg:Sheturnedandwalkedoffintothenight.表狀態(tài)的變化eg:Thebookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.eg:Allthebuildingshavebeenturnedintohospitals.eg:Iburstintotears.【常見搭配】 一、動(dòng)詞+(into+名詞)burstintosth突然（大哭、大笑等）change/turn/growintosth變成…evolveintosth發(fā)展成…getintosth陷入某種狀態(tài)lookintosth調(diào)查，研究…runintosth碰到，遇到…takesthintoaccount考慮…二、名詞+(into+名詞)insightintosb/sth對(duì)…的洞察investigation