高三英語二輪復習外刊閱讀熱點話題培優(yōu)練3：人與動物

外刊閱讀熱點話題培優(yōu)練3人與動物Ⅰ.閱讀理解AnArizonaaquariumiscelebratingthehatchingofthreeendangeredAfricanpenguinchicks,sayingthetinyadditionsaregeneticallyvaluableaszoosandaquariumsaroundtheworldworktoensurethespecies’survivalthroughbreeding(培育)programsandconservationefforts.OfficialsatOdySeaAquariummadetheannouncementonFriday,postingthevideoofthecutebirdsonsocialmedia.Theyhatchedafewweeksagoandwillremainbehindthesceneswiththeirparentsuntilthey’rereadyforapublicappearance.AfricanpenguinshavesufferedamassivepopulationdeclineoverthedecadesandarelistedasendangeredbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.Soanysuccessfulhatchingiscauseforcelebration,saidJessicaPeranteau,directorofanimaltrainingandeducationattheaquarium.“AsthepopulationoftheAfricanpenguincontinuestorapidlydecline—down23%inthepasttwoyearsalone—OdySeaAquariumremainscommittedtothesurvivalofthespeciesinpartnershipwithAssociationofZoosandAquariums，”Peranteausaidinastatement.Thebreedingprogramestablishedbytheorganizationaimstobuildupagenebankforthespecies.OfficialssaytwoofthethreenewchicksinScottsdalewereborntoparentsMojoandLemieux—apowercoupleofsortsthatwasselectedforpairingaspartofthebreedingprogram.Thethirdchickwasborntofirst－timeparentsBubblesandWeasley.Aquariumworkerswillregularlyconduct“chickchecks”，briefexamstomonitortheirgrowthanddevelopmentandensuretheyarehittingallnecessarymilestones.Thethreechickshaveyettobenamed,andtheirsexhasn’tyetbeendetermined.Fornowthey’reknownbytheirnumbers,42,43and44.Inall,OdySeaAquariumnowhas40Africanpenguinsandhasrecorded13successfulhatching.1.HowdidOdySeaAquariumannouncethebirthofthechicks?A.Byadvertisingitsbreedingprogram.B.Byuploadingavideoofthemonline.C.Byholdingacontesttonamethem.D.Byofferingafreevisittothezoo.2.WhatisspecialaboutOdySeaAquarium?A.Itworksonitsowntoprotectpenguins.B.Itaimstocreatenewhabitatsforpenguins.C.Ithashatched40Africanpenguinssofar.D.Itfocusesonthesurvivalofthepenguins.3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreepenguinchicks?A.Theywereborntothesameparents.B.Theywereraisedbyapowercouple.C.Theirgenderhasbeenidentified.D.Theirgrowthismonitoredclosely.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.EndangeredpenguinchickshatchatOdySeaAquarium.B.Penguinchicksmaketheirfirstappearanceinpublic.C.Africanpenguinssufferasharpdeclineinpopulations.D.Newly－bornpenguinsaretakengoodcareofinzoos.Haveyoueverseenoneofthemanyvideosofanelephantgrabbingapaintbrush,puttingitinpaint,andproducingapaintingsimilartosomethinga5－year－oldcouldcreate?Whilewatchinganelephantpaintisanamazingsight,wecan’thelpbutwonderwhetherthetrainingmethodsandresultsreflectanimalcruelty.A2014studyonfourcaptive(被圈養(yǎng)的)AsianelephantsattheMelbourneZooinAustraliasoughttoidentifystress－relatedbehaviorsaroundtheactivityofpainting.Whiletheresearchersfoundthattheelephantshadaneutralresponsetopainting—notstressful,norenriching—itseemedthatwhenanelephantwasnotselectedtopaint,itdisplayednon－interactivebehavior.Thisisseenasapossiblesignalofstressintheanimals.Inaddition,PETA,afamousanimalrightsgroup，hascitedseveralAmericanzoosthatuseharmfultrainingmethodstogetelephantstopaint,performtricks,playinstruments,andmore.Noteveryzoothatorganizeselephantpaintingusesaggression(攻擊)toencouragetheelephants.However,PETAarguesthatanimalsheltersshouldnotforceanimalstodotricksatall.Activistorganizationswarnthatelephantscanundergoextremediscomfortinthetrainingprocess.Furthermore,manyofthepaintingelephantsareveryyoung,atanagewheretheyshouldstillbewiththeirmothers.Itraisesquestionsaboutwhetherthere’sachancethattheywerecaughtfortheexpresspurposeofperforming,oriftheycouldsomehowberestoredtoareturntothewild.Itisdifficulttosupportanykindoftrainedbehaviorthatdiffersgreatlyfromawildanimal’snaturaltendencies.Theroleofashelter,ideally,istoallowananimaltoliveasclosetoitsnormallifeaspossible，perhapswithaneyetoreturningtheanimaltothewild；teachingthemtopaintdoesnotseemtoalign__withthattarget,particularlyifit’snotalearnedbehaviorthattheanimalwouldbewillingtodoindependently.5.Whatcanbesafelyconcludedfromthe2014study?A.Researchersdidn’tcollectsolidevidence.B.Paintingpromotedelephants’interaction.C.Negativeeffectsofpaintingwereconfirmed.D.Elephantsmadestrongresponsestopainting.6.Whatisaconcernofactivistorganizations?A.Complexityofthetrainingprocess.B.Purposesofelephants’performance.C.Dailyactivitiesofcaptiveelephants.D.Potentialforelephants’returntonature.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“alignwith”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Wanderoff. B.Setup.C.Consistwith. D.Goagainst.8.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDoesPETAHelps?B.WhyDoPeopleRightAnimals?C.ShouldElephantsPaint?D.ShouldElephantsLiveinCaptivity?Ⅱ.七選五Toomuchstuff,toomuchtodo,toomuchstress...Theseareweighingpeopledownandbreakingtheirspirit.__1__Hereareseveralthingstohelpyougetstarted.Thefirststepistosortoutyourpossessions.Toliveasimplelife,youneedasimplelivingspace.Sotakesometimetotidyyourlivingarea.Focusonkeepingthingsthatyouvaluedeeplyandthrowawaythingsthatyoudon’tneedanylonger.__2__Finally,youwillbeshockedtoseehowfewpossessionsyouactuallyuseinyourdailylife.__3__Ashumanswetendtothinkofwhatweareusedtoasbeingnaturallyright.However,therecouldbeproblemsinthemillionlittlethingsthatbotherusaswegoaboutourday.Thebestskillyoucandevelopinyourlifeistheabilitytotakeastepbackandlookatthingsobjectivelybyraisingdoubtsaboutwhatisseeminglythewayitissupposedtobe.Weshouldalwaysstaymindfulandlivewithintention.Ifthereissomethinginyourlifethatyoudon’tlove,changeit!Cutoutthethingsthataren’tservingyou.Youcanwritedownwhatanidealdaywouldlooklikeforyouinfiveyears’time.Thenoutlinewhatthingsyouwantmoreinyourlifeandwhatthingsyouwantless.__4__Managingyourtimewiselycounts.__5__Instead,takesometimetothinkaboutwhetherit’ssomethingthatyouareexcitedaboutattending.Beclearhowyouspendyourtimeandtakecontrolofwhatyoudo.Thisishowyoucanguaranteeyourselfaflexiblescheduleanddoeverythinginanunhurriedway.A.Minimalistsliveintentionally.B.Completetheprocessinseveralsweeps.C.Don’treply“yes”toeverythingyou’reinvitedto.D.Withthatinhand,youhaveagoaltoworktowards.E.Fromtimetotimeyouneedtoquestionyourlifestyle.F.That’swhythereisagrowinginterestintheminimalistlifestyle.G.Havingaflexiblescheduledependsonyoutakingcontrolofthings.Ⅲ.語法填空AimingtoinspirethepeopleofvariouscountriestolearnChinese,thevideoseriesTheImaginationofArtwasreleasedonOct.24.Theproject，1.____________(joint)producedbytheCenterforLanguageEducationandCooperationandCentralAcademyofFineArts,selectsmultipleartpiecescreatedbyfourartists:WuJian’an,KangLei,LuZhengyuanandZhangFan.Underthethemeof“TheChineseLanguage＋Arts”，theseries2.____________(comprise)oftwoparts,thefirstpartofwhichcontainsfourepisodes,each3.____________(feature)oneartist.ThesecondpartwillseeeducationexpertsguideChineselearningfromtheir4.____________(work)ofart.Inthefirstepisode,Wu,onedirectorofFineArtsExperimentalArtSchoolattheacademy,5.__________________(share)hiscreationprocedureofTheHeavenofNineLevels,6.____________hand－carvedpieceinspiredby“ShanHaiJing”.ThesecondintroducesTheGardenofForkingPaths,artistKang’spainting,7.____________titleisinspiredfromJorgeBorges’novel.TheworkdemonstratesKang’sreflection8.____________time,asshepaintsdifferentscenesandimagesindifferentplacesandatdifferenttimesworldwide9.____________(record)herfeelingsandexperiences.TheothertwoepisodesarerespectivelyaboutLu’sworkSolidLiquidandZhang’sworkTianxin,bothofwhichhavea10.____________(power)effectonpeoplelearningChinese.A篇Para.1：endangeredadj.瀕臨滅絕的，(物種)有滅種危險的survivaln.生存；存活；幸存conservationn.(對環(huán)境的)保護；保存Para.2：behindthescenes在后臺，在幕后；秘密地，背地里Para.3：massiveadj.巨大的；非常嚴重的Para.4：committedadj.盡心盡力的；堅信的；堅定的establishv.建立，設立，創(chuàng)立，確立B篇Para.2：neutraladj.中立的；中性的；無傾向性的seektodosth試圖做某事，尋求做某事Para.3：inaddition另外，此外Para.4：activistn.積極分子；活躍分子undergov.經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受restorev.恢復(某種情況或感受)；使復原；使復位；歸還Para.5：differfrom與……不同B篇譯文：這引發(fā)了人們的疑問：它們是否有可能是出于表演的明確目的而被捕獲的，或者它們是否可以通過某種方式回歸自然。參考答案Ⅰ.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章通過OdySeaAquarium慶祝成功孵化三只瀕危的非洲企鵝引出話題，講述非洲企鵝數(shù)量銳減，OdySeaAquarium與AssociationofZoosandAquariums為該物種的生存而努力。1.B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“OfficialsatOdySeaAquariummadetheannouncementonFriday，postingthevideoofthecutebirdsonsocialmedia”可知，水族館的工作人員將孵化出的可愛的企鵝幼鳥的視頻發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上，宣布三只企鵝幼鳥的誕生。故B項正確。]2.D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“‘AsthepopulationoftheAfricanpenguin...andAquariums，’Peranteausaidinastatement”可知，OdySeaAquarium與AssociationofZoosandAquariums為非洲企鵝的生存做出努力，所以該水族館關注非洲企鵝的生存。故D項正確。]3.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Aquariumworkerswillregularlyconduct‘chickchecks’...arehittingallnecessarymilestones”可知，水族館工作人員定期對這三只企鵝幼鳥進行檢查，通過簡單的檢查來監(jiān)測它們的成長和發(fā)育。由此可推斷，這三只幼鳥在密切監(jiān)測下成長。故D項正確。]4.A[文章大意題。根據(jù)首段的內容可知，本文通過OdySeaAquarium慶祝成功孵化三只瀕危的非洲企鵝幼鳥引出話題，圍繞非洲企鵝的數(shù)量銳減、OdySeaAquarium與AssociationofZoosandAquariums為該物種的生存所做出的一系列努力展開講述。由此可知，A項“瀕危的企鵝幼鳥在OdySeaAquarium孵化”最能概括本文的主旨。]【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章從大象畫畫入手，談論了訓練動物的方法和結果，實際上從另一方面反映了對動物的虐待。5.A[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“A2014studyonfour...theresearchersfoundthattheelephantshadaneutralresponsetopainting”可知，研究人員在2014年的研究中并沒有得到可靠的證據(jù)來證明大象的繪畫活動與壓力相關的行為有關，故選A。文中的neutral是解題的關鍵，意為“無傾向性的，中立的”。]6.D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的內容，尤其是“iftheycouldsomehowberestoredtoareturntothewild”可知，積極分子組織關注的是大象回歸自然的可能性。]7.C[詞義猜測題。最后一段中的“Theroleofashelter...perhapswithaneyetoreturningtheanimaltothewild”指的是收容所的目標是讓動物盡可能接近其正常生活或者是讓動物回歸野外，而教它們畫畫似乎與這個目標不一致，由此可知，畫線詞組意為“一致”。]8.C[標題歸納題。文章第一段通過大象畫畫介紹了訓練動物的方法和結果，從而引出對動物的虐待這一話題，后文圍繞這一話題展開討論，故選項C最適合作文章標題。]Ⅱ.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章就如何過極簡生活給出了幾點建議。1.F[空前提到太多的事情和壓力壓得人們喘不過氣，空后提到這里有幾件事可以幫你開始，由此可知，該空應該會講到一種減輕人們壓力的方式，起到承上啟下的作用。F項“這就是為什么人們對極簡主義生活方式越來越感興趣”符合語境。后文的內容也都是關于如何做到極簡主義。故填F。]2.B[空前一句講到專注于保留你非常珍視的東西，扔掉你不再需要的東西，空后一句提到最后你會驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你在日常生活中實際使用的物品是如此之少。由此可知，該空的內容應與完成整理任務有關。對比各選項可知，B項“在幾次打掃中完成此過程”符合語境。]3.E[分析篇章結構可知，該篇為總分結構。第二段至第五段，每段的首句為該段的主題句。根據(jù)結構銜接做題法可知，該空也應為該段的主題句。根據(jù)該段內容尤其是“Thebestskillyoucandevelop...thewayitissupposedtobe”可知，此段講述的是要時常對自己的生活方式