（35+50+35）m預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土連續(xù)梁橋上部結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)

西南交通大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 第頁(yè)活載內(nèi)力計(jì)算計(jì)算方法活載內(nèi)力計(jì)算為基本可變荷載(公路一Ⅰ級(jí))在橋梁使用階段所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力。采用影響線最不利進(jìn)行加載計(jì)算。車(chē)道橫向折減荷載橫向分布指的是作用在橋上的車(chē)輛荷載如何在各主梁之間進(jìn)行分配，或者說(shuō)各主梁如何分擔(dān)車(chē)輛荷載。本設(shè)計(jì)按一片梁四車(chē)道進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的，橫向分布系數(shù)取車(chē)道數(shù)與車(chē)道橫向折減系數(shù)的積，經(jīng)計(jì)算得2.68。沖擊系數(shù)的計(jì)算橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的基頻反映了結(jié)構(gòu)的尺寸、類(lèi)型、建筑材料等動(dòng)力特性?xún)?nèi)容，它直接反映了沖擊系數(shù)與橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系。不管橋梁的建筑材料、結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)型是否有差別，也不管結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸與跨徑是否有差別，只要橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的基頻相同，在同樣條件的汽車(chē)荷載下，就能得到基本相同的沖擊系數(shù)。橋梁的自振頻率（基頻）宜采用有限元方法計(jì)算，對(duì)于連續(xù)梁結(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)無(wú)更精確方法計(jì)算時(shí)，也可采用下列公式估算：式中：——結(jié)構(gòu)的計(jì)算跨徑（m）；——結(jié)構(gòu)材料的彈性模量（N/m2）；——結(jié)構(gòu)跨中截面的截面慣矩（m4）；——結(jié)構(gòu)跨中處的單位長(zhǎng)度質(zhì)量（kg/m）；——結(jié)構(gòu)跨中處延米結(jié)構(gòu)重力（N/m）；——重力加速度，g=9.81m/s2；計(jì)算連續(xù)梁的沖擊力引起的正彎矩效應(yīng)和剪力效應(yīng)時(shí)，采用；計(jì)算連續(xù)梁的沖擊力引起的負(fù)彎矩效應(yīng)時(shí)，采用。取計(jì)算跨徑，查得，，計(jì)算得：μ值可按下式計(jì)算：當(dāng)時(shí)，當(dāng)時(shí)，當(dāng)時(shí)，式中——結(jié)構(gòu)基頻（）。求得：正彎矩效應(yīng)：負(fù)彎矩效應(yīng)：計(jì)算結(jié)果公路Ⅰ級(jí)活載內(nèi)力計(jì)算結(jié)果見(jiàn)表3－6、7表3-6公路－Ⅰ級(jí)活載MaxM對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)力單元號(hào)節(jié)點(diǎn)號(hào)剪力(kN)彎矩(kN·m)豎向位移(m)轉(zhuǎn)角位移110.00.00.00000.00032-1693.8759.50.00020.0003221693.8759.53-1628.22185.50.00050.0003331628.22185.54-1497.13420.30.00090.0003441497.13420.35-1431.54611.40.00120.0003551431.54611.46-1376.95824.40.00160.0003661376.95824.47-1311.36818.80.00190.00037718.76818.8844.77507.20.00220.000388-44.77507.29-1114.68294.00.00250.0003991114.68294.010-1057.88982.40.00280.000210101057.88982.411-996.69408.60.00300.00021111996.69408.612-874.210009.60.00340.00021212874.210009.613-815.210392.10.00360.00021313815.210392.114534.410588.80.00350.00011414-534.410588.815592.310599.70.00330.00011515-592.310599.716-582.410807.3-0.00210.00011616-707.010807.317763.810632.5-0.00260.00011717-763.810632.518818.510392.1-0.00300.00011818-818.510392.119926.710009.6-0.00530.00021919-926.710009.620-257.99758.3-0.00510.00022020257.99758.321-206.59474.2-0.00490.00032121-1082.99474.2221136.58905.9-0.00470.00032222-1136.58905.923-75.08414.2-0.00430.0003232375.18414.2241267.67846.0-0.00400.00032424-1267.67846.0251322.27201.2-0.00370.00032525-1322.27201.2261322.26370.7-0.00330.00032626-1322.26370.7271322.25835.3-0.00290.00032727-1322.25835.32842.05114.1-0.00250.00032828-42.05114.12931.44469.4-0.00210.00042929-31.44469.43029.83802.8-0.00180.00043030-29.83802.8311278.53223.6-0.00140.00033131-1278.53212.732-2.12939.5-0.00100.000332322.12939.533-38.42950.4-0.00060.0003333338.42950.434-75.02994.1-0.00020.0003343475.02994.135-98.73037.90.00000.00033535-230.63037.936216.42928.60.00020.00033636-226.22928.637195.62764.70.00050.00033737-195.62764.738174.82600.70.00090.00033838-174.82600.739-1213.02611.70.00120.000339391213.02622.640-1213.03026.90.00160.000340401213.03026.941-1213.03442.20.00190.000341411213.03442.242-1213.03835.60.00220.000342421213.03835.64349.24229.00.00250.00034343-49.24239.944-1202.04709.80.00280.000244441202.04709.845-1213.05288.90.00300.000245451213.05299.84674.45769.70.00330.00024646-74.45769.74768.66152.20.00350.00024747-68.56152.248-1191.16622.10.00280.000248481191.16622.14969.57299.60.00310.00024949-69.67299.650-1234.87900.60.00330.000250501234.87900.651-1202.08545.30.00350.00025151-86.18545.352133.38927.80.00360.00025252-133.38927.853-1060.09266.50.00380.000253531060.09266.554-1010.89747.30.00400.000154541010.89747.355-960.510173.50.00280.00015555-328.910173.556379.210337.40.00240.00015656-379.210326.557-809.710435.80.00210.00015757809.710435.858-759.510687.10.00180.00015858759.510687.159-708.110883.80.00160.00015959-581.310883.860632.710807.3-0.00550.0001表3－7公路-Ⅰ級(jí)活載MinM對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)力單元號(hào)節(jié)點(diǎn)號(hào)剪力(kN)彎矩(kN·m)豎向位移(m)轉(zhuǎn)角位移110.00.00.0000-0.00062395.6-198.8-0.0003-0.000622-395.6-198.83395.6-588.1-0.0009-0.000533-395.6-588.14395.6-977.3-0.0015-0.000544-395.6-977.35395.6-1369.0-0.0021-0.000555-395.6-1369.06395.6-1797.5-0.0027-0.000566-395.6-1797.57395.6-2178.4-0.0032-0.000577-395.6-2178.48395.6-2571.2-0.0037-0.000488-395.6-2571.29395.6-2964.1-0.0042-0.000499-395.6-2964.110395.6-3345.0-0.0045-0.00031010-395.6-3345.011395.6-3666.4-0.0048-0.00031111-395.6-3666.412395.6-4249.7-0.0052-0.00021212-395.6-4249.713395.6-4630.6-0.0053-0.00021313-395.6-4630.614395.6-5023.5-0.0050-0.00011414-395.6-5023.515395.6-5416.3-0.0047-0.00011515-395.6-5416.316395.6-5916.2-0.0040-0.00011616-395.6-5916.217395.6-6309.1-0.00320.00001717-395.6-6309.118395.6-6701.9-0.00190.00001818-395.6-6701.919395.6-7320.90.00410.00001919-395.6-7320.920395.6-7713.70.0041-0.00012020-395.6-7713.721395.6-8106.60.0040-0.00012121-395.6-8106.622395.6-8487.50.0038-0.00012222-395.6-8487.523395.6-8880.30.0037-0.00022323-395.6-8880.324395.6-9273.20.0035-0.00022424-395.6-9273.225395.6-9666.00.0033-0.00022525-395.6-9666.026429.5-10058.80.0031-0.00022626-429.5-10058.827510.3-10535.00.0028-0.00032727-510.3-10535.028574.8-11082.50.0025-0.00032828-574.8-11082.529642.5-11713.50.0022-0.00032929-642.5-11713.530703.7-12380.10.0018-0.00033030-703.7-12380.131767.1-13213.40.0015-0.00033131-767.1-13213.432831.6-13927.60.0011-0.00043232-831.6-13927.633899.3-14879.90.0007-0.00043333-899.3-14879.934964.9-15832.20.0003-0.00043434-964.9-15832.2351006.4-16427.40.0000-0.000435351639.1-16427.436-1606.3-15475.1-0.0003-0.000436361595.4-15475.137-1529.9-14046.6-0.0007-0.000437371529.9-14046.638-1442.4-12618.2-0.0011-0.000438381442.4-12618.239-1355.0-11201.6-0.0016-0.000439391355.0-11201.640-759.5-9892.2-0.0021-0.00054040759.5-9892.241-708.1-9118.4-0.0026-0.00054141708.1-9118.442-657.8-8404.2-0.0031-0.00054242657.8-8404.243-607.6-7737.5-0.0037-0.00054343607.6-7737.544-557.3-7130.4-0.0042-0.00054444557.3-7130.445-508.1-6582.9-0.0047-0.00054545508.1-6582.946-459.0-6082.9-0.0053-0.00054646459.0-6082.947-408.7-5630.6-0.0058-0.00054747408.7-5630.648-355.1-5237.7-0.0063-0.00054848355.1-5237.749-271.0-4749.7-0.0071-0.00054949271.0-4749.750-230.6-4511.6-0.0075-0.00045050230.6-4511.651-155.2-4380.6-0.0079-0.00045151155.2-4380.652-151.9-4249.7-0.0083-0.00045252151.9-4249.753-150.8-4118.8-0.0087-0.00045353150.8-4118.854-149.7-3987.8-0.0089-0.00035454149.7-3987.855-149.7-3845.0-0.0090-0.00035555149.7-3845.056-149.7-3714.0-0.0074-0.00035656149.7-3714.057-149.7-3571.2-0.0071-0.00025757149.7-3571.258-149.7-3440.2-0.0065-0.00025858149.7-3440.259-149.7-3297.4-0.0061-0.00025959149.7-3297.460-149.7-3166.4-0.0056-0.0001圖3-4公路－Ⅰ級(jí)MaxM彎矩圖（單位：kN·m）圖3-5公路－Ⅰ級(jí)MinM彎矩圖（單位：kN·m）墩臺(tái)基礎(chǔ)沉降次內(nèi)力計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)方法基礎(chǔ)的不均勻沉降可能是瞬變，也可能是徐變。連續(xù)梁墩臺(tái)基礎(chǔ)的不均勻的沉降與地基土壤的力學(xué)性能有關(guān)。（1）如果發(fā)生漸變不均勻沉降，沉降值一般隨時(shí)間而遞增，經(jīng)過(guò)相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后，接近沉降的終極值。漸變不均勻沉降考慮變化規(guī)律與徐變的變化規(guī)律相似。它可以表示為：式中：——t時(shí)刻時(shí)的墩臺(tái)基礎(chǔ)沉降值?！猼=∞時(shí)刻時(shí)的墩臺(tái)基礎(chǔ)沉降終極值。在此過(guò)程中，混凝土的徐變作用對(duì)不均勻沉降的影響是有利的。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，只要不均勻沉降不是太大，以致使結(jié)構(gòu)的受拉區(qū)發(fā)生有害的裂縫，或使受壓區(qū)的混凝土應(yīng)力過(guò)大的話，不均勻沉降的影響是可以忽略的。（2）如果假定墩臺(tái)基礎(chǔ)的沉降瞬時(shí)完成，則產(chǎn)生的沉降內(nèi)力可用結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)的方法確定。連續(xù)梁是一種對(duì)支座沉降敏感的結(jié)構(gòu)，由于多余約束的存在，不均勻沉降才產(chǎn)生次內(nèi)力。在此次設(shè)計(jì)中取邊支座沉降1cm,中間支座沉降1.5cm。支座沉降內(nèi)力與各個(gè)支座的絕對(duì)沉降量沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系，而只與各個(gè)支座的相對(duì)沉降量有關(guān)。只有存在相對(duì)沉降量，才會(huì)產(chǎn)生內(nèi)力。計(jì)算結(jié)果表3-8支座沉降次內(nèi)力1號(hào)支座下沉1cm35號(hào)支座下沉1.5cm單元號(hào)節(jié)點(diǎn)號(hào)剪力(kN)彎矩(kN·m)剪力(kN)彎矩(kN·m)11-1060.03140.02106-53.9-314160.022-106-53.9314160.03106-160.0-314473.033-106-160.0314473.04106-265.0-314787.044-106-265.0314787.05106-371.0-3141100.055-106-371.03141100.06106-486.0-3141440.066-106-486.03141440.07106-592.0-3141760.077-106-592.03141760.08106-697.0-3142070.088-106-697.03142070.09106-803.0-3142380.099-106-803.03142380.010106-909.0-3142700.01010-106-909.03142700.011106-993.0-3142950.01111-106-993.03142950.012106-1150.0-3143420.01212-106-1150.03143420.013106-1260.0-3143730.01313-106-1260.03143730.014106-1360.0-3144040.01414-106-1360.03144040.015106-1470.0-3144360.01515-106-1470.03144360.016106-1610.0-3144770.01616-106-1610.03144770.017106-1710.0-3145080.01717-106-1710.03145080.018106-1820.0-3145390.01818-106-1820.03145390.019106-1990.0-3145890.01919-106-1990.03145890.020106-2090.0-3146210.02020-106-2090.03146210.021106-2200.0-3146520.02121-106-2200.03146520.022106-2300.0-3146830.02222-106-2300.03146830.023106-2410.0-3147150.02323-106-2410.03147150.024106-2510.0-3147460.02424-106-2510.03147460.025106-2620.0-3147780.02525-106-2620.03147780.026106-2730.0-3148090.02626-106-2730.03148090.027106-2830.0-3148400.02727-106-2830.03148400.028106-2940.0-3148720.02828-106-2940.03148720.029106-3040.0-3149030.02929-106-3040.03149030.030106-3150.0-3149340.03030-106-3150.03149340.031106-3250.0-3149660.03131-106-3250.03149660.032106-3360.0-3149970.03232-106-3360.03149970.033106-3470.0-31410300.03333-106-3470.031410300.034106-3570.0-31410600.03434-106-3570.031410600.035106-3630.0-31410800.03535103-3630.0-36810800.036-103-3570.036810600.03636103-3570.0-36810600.037-103-3480.036810200.03737103-3480.0-36810200.038-103-3380.03689860.03838103-3380.0-3689860.039-103-3270.03689500.03939103-3270.0-3689500.040-103-3170.03689130.04040103-3170.0-3689130.041-103-3070.03688760.04141103-3070.0-3688760.042-103-2960.03688390.04242103-2960.0-3688390.043-103-2860.03688020.04343103-2860.0-3688020.044-103-2760.03687650.04444103-2760.0-3687650.045-103-2650.03687290.04545103-2650.0-3687290.046-103-2550.03686920.04646103-2550.0-3686920.047-103-2450.03686550.04747103-2450.0-3686550.048-103-2340.03686180.04848103-2340.0-3686180.049-103-2190.03685630.04949103-2190.0-3685630.050-103-2080.03685260.05050103-2080.0-3685260.051-103-1980.03684890.05151103-1980.0-3684890.052-103-1880.03684520.05252103-1880.0-3684520.053-103-1770.03684150.05353103-1770.0-3684150.054-103-1670.03683790.05454103-1670.0-3683790.055-103-1570.03683420.05555103-1570.0-3683420.056-103-1460.03683050.05656103-1460.0-3683050.057-103-1360.03682680.05757103-1360.0-3682680.058-103-1260.03682310.05858103-1260.0-3682310.059-103-1150.03681940.05959103-1150.0-3681940.060-103-1050.03681570.06060103-1050.0-3681570.061-103-946.03681210.06161103-946.0-3681210.062-103-843.0368838.06262103-843.0-368838.063-103-740.0368469.06363103-740.0-368469.064-103-636.0368101.06464103-636.0-368101.065-103-533.0368-268.06565103-533.0-368-268.066-103-430.0368-636.06666103-430.0-368-636.067-103-326.0368-1000.06767103-326.0-368-1000.068-103-223.0368-1370.06868103-223.0-368-1370.069-103-119.0368-1740.06969103-119.0-368-1740.070-103-16.0368-2110.07070103-16.0-368-2110.071-10387.3368-2480.0717110387.3-368-2480.072-103242.0368-3030.07272103242.0-368-3030.073-103346.0368-3400.07373103346.0-368-3400.074-103449.0368-3770.07474103449.0-368-3770.075-103553.0368-4140.07575103553.0-368-4140.076-103656.0368-4500.07676103656.0-368-4500.077-103759.0368-4870.07777103759.0-368-4870.078-103863.0368-5240.07878103863.0-368-5240.079-103966.0368-5610.07979103966.0-368-56100368-5980.080801031070.0-368-59800368-6350.081811031170.0-368-63500368-6710.082821031280.0-368-67100368-7080.083831031380.0-368-70800368-7410.084841031470.0-368-74100368-7640.08585-44.61530.0222-7640.08644.61510.0-222-7500.08686-44.61510.0222-7500.08744.61460.0-222-7280.08787-44.61460.0222-7280.08844.61420.0-222-7060.08888-44.61420.0222-7060.08944.61370.0-222-6840.08989-44.61370.0222-6840.09044.61330.0-222-6610.09090-44.61330.0222-6610.09144.61280.0-222-6390.09191-44.61280.0222-6390.09244.61240.0-222-6170.09292-44.61240.0222-6170.09344.61200.0-222-5950.09393-44.61200.0222-5950.09444.61150.0-222-5730.09494-44.61150.0222-5730.09544.61110.0-222-5510.09595-44.61110.0222-5510.09644.61060.0-222-5280.09696-44.61060.0222-5280.09744.61020.0-222-5060.09797-44.61020.0222-5060.09844.6972.0-222-4840.09898-44.6972.0222-4840.09944.6928.0-222-4620.09999-44.6928.0222-4620.010044.6883.0-222-4400.0100100-44.6883.0222-4400.010144.6839.0-222-4170.0101101-44.6839.0222-4170.010244.6767.0-222-3820.0102102-44.6767.0222-3820.010344.6723.0-222-3600.0103103-44.6723.0222-3600.010444.6678.0-222-3370.0104104-44.6678.0222-3370.010544.6620.0-222-3090.0105105-44.6620.0222-3090.010644.6575.0-222-2860.0106106-44.6575.0222-2860.010744.6531.0-222-2640.0107107-44.6531.0222-2640.010844.6486.0-222-2420.0108108-44.6486.0222-2420.010944.6419.0-222-2090.0109109-44.6419.0222-2090.011044.6384.0-222-1910.0110110-44.6384.0222-1910.011144.6339.0-222-1690.0111111-44.6339.0222-1690.011244.6294.0-222-1470.0112112-44.6294.0222-1470.011344.6250.0-222-1240.0113113-44.6250.0222-1240.011444.6205.0-222-1020.0114114-44.6205.0222-1020.011544.6157.0-222-779.0115115-44.6157.0222-779.011644.6112.0-222-557.0116116-44.6112.0222-557.011744.667.4-222-335.0117117-44.667.4222-335.011844.622.8-222-113.0118118-44.622.8222-113.011944.60.0-2220.0圖3－6支座1發(fā)生1cm不均勻沉降彎矩圖（單位：kN·m）圖3－7支座35發(fā)生1cm不均勻沉降彎矩圖（單位：kN·m）溫度作用效應(yīng)引起次內(nèi)力計(jì)算溫度對(duì)連續(xù)梁結(jié)構(gòu)的影響對(duì)于大跨度預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土連續(xù)箱形梁橋，溫度應(yīng)力可以達(dá)到甚至超過(guò)活載應(yīng)力，已被認(rèn)為是預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土橋梁產(chǎn)生裂縫的主要原因。因此有必要對(duì)溫度內(nèi)力進(jìn)行計(jì)算。橋梁是置于大氣環(huán)境的結(jié)構(gòu)，溫度毫不例外地對(duì)橋梁要產(chǎn)生影響。溫度影響包括年溫差影響（升溫降溫）與局部溫差影響。年溫差影響指氣溫隨季節(jié)發(fā)生周期性變化對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)所起的作用，一般假定溫度沿結(jié)構(gòu)截面高度方向均勻變化。對(duì)無(wú)水平約束的連續(xù)梁橋，年溫差只引起結(jié)構(gòu)的均勻伸縮，并不產(chǎn)生溫度次內(nèi)力，它對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的位移通過(guò)橋面升縮縫，支座位移等措施加以協(xié)調(diào)。局部溫差一般指日照溫差或混凝土水化熱影響。水化熱影響較為復(fù)雜，且在施工中可采用溫度控制予以調(diào)節(jié)，因此橋梁溫度應(yīng)力計(jì)算一般不包括此項(xiàng)，而主要考慮日照溫差的影響，它導(dǎo)致結(jié)構(gòu)的溫度次內(nèi)力，是產(chǎn)生結(jié)構(gòu)裂縫的主要因素。箱梁結(jié)構(gòu)與外界的熱交換和箱梁內(nèi)部的熱傳導(dǎo)是十分復(fù)雜的現(xiàn)象，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，梁體內(nèi)任意點(diǎn)的溫度是坐標(biāo)和時(shí)間的函數(shù)，為三維傳導(dǎo)問(wèn)題?？紤]到橋梁是一種狹長(zhǎng)的結(jié)構(gòu)，箱梁都帶有一定長(zhǎng)度的懸臂，兩側(cè)腹板直接受日照時(shí)間較短；箱梁底板終日不受日照，又處于高空，通風(fēng)較好；只有箱梁頂板全天受日照，因此，在箱梁結(jié)構(gòu)中簡(jiǎn)化為一維傳導(dǎo)問(wèn)題，亦即主要考慮橋面受日照后形成的沿箱梁高度變化的溫度梯度，即。溫度的梯度模式是否實(shí)際溫度影響一致是正確計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)溫度應(yīng)力的關(guān)鍵。溫度的梯度模式一般分為線性與非線性?xún)煞N。本次設(shè)計(jì)采用的溫度模式如圖3-8。圖3－8溫度模式計(jì)算時(shí)假定：（1）沿橋長(zhǎng)的溫度分布是均勻的；（2）混凝土材料是彈性勻質(zhì)的；（3）梁的變形服從平面假定；溫度應(yīng)力的構(gòu)成溫度應(yīng)力由兩部分組成：（1）自應(yīng)力——梁的變形受到縱向纖維之間的相互約束，在截面上產(chǎn)生自平衡的縱向約束力。（2）溫度次內(nèi)力與溫度次應(yīng)力——由于橋面溫度升高，結(jié)構(gòu)將發(fā)生上拱，對(duì)于連續(xù)梁將受到支承條件的約束而產(chǎn)生溫度次內(nèi)力與溫度次應(yīng)力。計(jì)算方法按下式進(jìn)行計(jì)算：式中：——在橋面板重心處由溫差引起的縱向力；——截面內(nèi)的單元面積；——單元面積內(nèi)溫差梯度平均值，均以正值代入；——混凝土線膨脹系數(shù)()；——混凝土的彈性模量；——溫度作用對(duì)全截面產(chǎn)生的初彎矩；——溫度作用對(duì)全截面產(chǎn)生的二次矩；——溫度作用引起的總彎矩。計(jì)算結(jié)果表3-9溫度引起的次內(nèi)力豎向溫差梯度整體升溫20℃整體降溫15℃單元號(hào)節(jié)點(diǎn)號(hào)剪力（kN）彎矩（kN·m）剪力（kN）彎矩（kN·m）剪力（kN）彎矩（kN·m）11121.00.0-0.80.00.60.02-121.061.70.8-0.4-0.60.322121.061.7-0.8-0.40.60.33-121.0183.00.8-1.2-0.60.933121.0183.0-0.8-1.20.60.94-121.0304.00.8-2.0-0.61.544121.0304.0-0.8-2.00.61.55-121.0424.00.8-2.9-0.62.155121.0424.0-0.8-2.90.62.16-121.0556.00.8-3.7-0.62.866121.0556.0-0.8-3.70.62.87-121.0677.00.8-4.6-0.63.477121.0677.0-0.8-4.60.63.48-121.0798.00.8-5.4-0.64.088121.0798.0-0.8-5.40.64.09-121.0919.00.8-6.2-0.64.699121.0919.0-0.8-6.20.64.610-121.01040.00.8-7.0-0.65.31010121.01040.0-0.8-7.00.65.311-121.01140.00.8-7.6-0.65.71111121.01140.0-0.8-7.60.65.712-121.01320.00.8-8.9-0.66.71212121.01320.0-0.8-8.90.66.713-121.01440.00.8-9.7-0.67.31313121.01440.0-0.8-9.70.67.314-121.01560.00.8-10.5-0.67.91414121.01560.0-0.8-10.50.67.915-121.01680.00.8-11.3-0.68.51515121.01680.0-0.8-11.30.68.516-121.01840.00.8-12.4-0.69.31616121.01840.0-0.8-12.40.69.317-121.01960.00.8-13.2-0.69.91717121.01960.0-0.8-13.20.69.918-121.02080.00.8-14.0-0.610.51818121.02080.0-0.8-14.00.610.519-121.02270.00.8-15.3-0.611.51919121.02270.0-0.8-15.30.611.520-121.02390.00.8-16.1-0.612.12020121.02390.0-0.8-16.10.612.121-121.02520.00.8-16.9-0.612.72121121.02520.0-0.8-16.90.612.722-121.02640.00.8-17.7-0.613.32222121.02640.0-0.8-17.70.613.323-121.02760.00.8-18.5-0.613.92323121.02760.0-0.8-18.50.613.924-121.02880.00.8-19.4-0.614.52424121.02880.0-0.8-19.40.614.525-121.03000.00.8-20.2-0.615.12525121.03000.0-0.8-20.20.615.126-121.03120.00.8-21.0-0.615.72626121.03120.0-0.8-21.00.615.727-121.03240.00.8-21.8-0.616.32727121.03240.0-0.8-21.80.616.328-121.03360.00.8-22.6-0.617.02828121.03360.0-0.8-22.60.617.029-121.03480.00.8-23.4-0.617.62929121.03480.0-0.8-23.40.617.630-121.03600.00.8-24.2-0.618.23030121.03600.0-0.8-24.20.618.231-121.03720.00.8-25.0-0.618.83131121.03720.0-0.8-25.00.618.832-121.03850.00.8-25.9-0.619.43232121.03850.0-0.8-25.90.619.433-121.03970.00.8-26.7-0.620.03333121.03970.0-0.8-26.70.620.034-121.04090.00.8-27.5-0.620.63434121.04090.0-0.8-27.50.620.635-121.04160.00.8-28.0-0.621.035350.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0360.04160.00.0-28.00.021.036360.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0370.04160.00.0-28.00.021.037370.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0380.04160.00.0-28.00.021.038380.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0390.04160.00.0-28.00.021.039390.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0400.04160.00.0-28.00.021.040400.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0410.04160.00.0-28.00.021.041410.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0420.04160.00.0-28.00.021.042420.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0430.04160.00.0-28.00.021.043430.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0440.04160.00.0-28.00.021.044440.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0450.04160.00.0-28.00.021.045450.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0460.04160.00.0-28.00.021.046460.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0470.04160.00.0-28.00.021.047470.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0480.04160.00.0-28.00.021.048480.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0490.04160.00.0-28.00.021.049490.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0500.04160.00.0-28.00.021.050500.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0510.04160.00.0-28.00.021.051510.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0520.04160.00.0-28.00.021.052520.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0530.04160.00.0-28.00.021.053530.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0540.04160.00.0-28.00.021.054540.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0550.04160.00.0-28.00.021.055550.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0560.04160.00.0-28.00.021.056560.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0570.04160.00.0-28.00.021.057570.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0580.04160.00.0-28.00.021.058580.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0590.04160.00.0-28.00.021.059590.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0600.04160.00.0-28.00.021.0圖3-9非線性溫度引起的彎矩圖（kN·m）圖3-10非線性溫度引起的剪力圖（kN）內(nèi)力組合承載能力極限狀態(tài)組合式中：——承載能力極限狀態(tài)下作用基本組合的效應(yīng)組合設(shè)計(jì)值；——結(jié)構(gòu)重要性系數(shù)，對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)安全等級(jí)一級(jí)、二級(jí)和三級(jí)分別取1.1、1.0、0.9；——第i個(gè)永久作用效應(yīng)的分項(xiàng)系數(shù)，本設(shè)計(jì)取1.2；——第i個(gè)永久作用效應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值；——汽車(chē)荷載效應(yīng)（含汽車(chē)沖擊力、離心力）的分期系數(shù)，取1.4；——汽車(chē)荷載效應(yīng)（含汽車(chē)沖擊力、離心力）的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值和設(shè)計(jì)值；——在作用效應(yīng)組合中除汽車(chē)荷載效應(yīng)（含汽車(chē)沖擊力、離心力）、風(fēng)荷載外的其他第j個(gè)可變作用效應(yīng)的分項(xiàng)系數(shù)，取1.4，但風(fēng)荷載的分項(xiàng)系數(shù)取1.1；——在作用效應(yīng)組合中除汽車(chē)荷載效應(yīng)（含汽車(chē)沖擊力、離心力）外的其他第j個(gè)可變作用效應(yīng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值；——在作用效應(yīng)組合中除汽車(chē)荷載效應(yīng)（含汽車(chē)沖擊力、離心力）外的其他可變作用效應(yīng)的組合系數(shù)，當(dāng)永久作用與汔車(chē)荷載和人群荷載（或其他一種可變作用）組合時(shí)，人群荷載（或其他一種可變作用的組合）的組合系數(shù)取0.8；當(dāng)除汽車(chē)荷載（含汽車(chē)沖擊力、離心力）外尚有兩種其他可變作用參與組合時(shí)，其組合系數(shù)取0.7；尚有三種可變作用參與組合時(shí)，其組合系數(shù)取0.6；尚有四種及多于四種的可變作用參與組合時(shí)，取0.5；組合結(jié)果見(jiàn)表3-10表3-10承載能力極限狀態(tài)組合單元號(hào)節(jié)點(diǎn)號(hào)最大剪力（kN）最小剪力（kN）最大彎矩(kN·m)最小彎矩(kN·m)118930.04180.00.00.02-3910.0-8540.04310.02070.0228540.03910.04310.02070.03-3390.0-7790.012200.05720.0337790.03380.012200.05720.04-2880.0-7070.019200.08870.0447070.02880.019200.08870.05-2390.0-6380.025500.011500.0556380.02390.025500.011500.06-1870.0-5630.031600.013900.0665630.01870.031600.013900.07-1330.0-4950.036400.015500.0774950.01330.036400.015500.08-783.0-4270.040200.016700.0884270.0783.040200.016700.09-222.0-3600.043500.017400.0993600.0228.043500.017400.010335.0-2930.046200.017700.010102930.0-328.046200.017700.011781.0-2400.047700.017500.011112390.0-781.047700.017500.0121670.0-1450.049200.016400.012121450.0-1670.049200.016400.0132330.0-885.049500.015100.01313885.0-2330.049500.015100.0142980.0-321.049000.013300.01414321.0-2980.049000.013300.0153630.0240.047500.011000.01515-241.0-3630.047500.011000.0164480.0967.045100.07350.01616-967.0-4480.045100.07350.0175200.01530.042100.03980.01717-1530.0-5200.042100.03980.0185850.02080.038400.0133.01818-2080.0-5850.038400.0133.0196920.02970.031300.0-7040.01919-2970.0-6920.031300.0-7040.0207590.03530.026100.0-12200.02020-3530.0-7590.026100.0-12200.0218250.04090.020400.0-18000.02121-4090.0-8320.020400.0-18000.0228990.04650.014500.0-25100.02222-4650.0-8990.014500.0-25100.0239670.05220.08270.0-32900.02323-5220.0-9670.08280.0-32900.02410400.05790.01400.0-41300.02424-5790.0-10400.01400.0-41300.02511100.06360.0-6110.0-50300.02525-6360.0-11100.0-6110.0-50300.02611800.06940.0-14400.0-60000.02626-6940.0-11800.0-14400.0-60000.02712500.07530.0-22900.0-70400.02727-7530.0-12500.0-22900.0-70400.02813300.08120.0-32100.0-81700.02828-8120.0-13300.0-32100.0-81700.02914000.08720.0-41800.0-93600.02929-8720.0-14100.0-41800.0-93600.03014800.09340.0-52100.0-106000.03030-9340.0-14800.0-52100.0-106000.03115600.09960.0-62800.0-120000.03131-9960.0-15600.0-62800.0-120000.03216400.010600.0-73700.0-134000.03232-10600.0-16400.0-73700.0-134000.03317200.011200.0-84700.0-150000.03333-11200.0-17200.0-84700.0-150000.03418100.011800.0-96200.0-166000.03434-11800.0-18100.0-96200.0-166000.03518500.012200.0-103000.0-176000.0353519000.012500.0-103000.0-176000.036-12200.0-18500.0-96000.0-165000.0363618500.012200.0-96000.0-165000.037-11600.0-17700.0-85300.0-149000.0373717700.011600.0-85300.0-149000.038-11000.0-16900.0-73900.0-133000.0383816900.011000.0-73900.0-133000.039-10400.0-16100.0-62800.0-117000.0393916100.010400.0-62800.0-117000.040-9800.0-15400.0-51700.0-102000.0404015400.09800.0-51700.0-102000.041-9210.0-14600.0-41200.0-88800.0414114600.09210.0-41200.0-88800.042-8650.0-13900.0-31300.0-76200.0424213900.08650.0-31300.0-76200.043-8100.0-13100.0-22000.0-64400.0434313100.08090.0-22000.0-64400.044-7540.0-12400.0-13100.0-53300.0444412400.07550.0-13100.0-53300.045-6980.0-11700.0-4510.0-43000.0454511700.06970.0-4510.0-43000.046-6410.0-11000.03350.0-33400.0464611000.06410.03350.0-33400.047-5860.0-10300.010500.0-24500.0474710300.05850.010500.0-24500.048-5300.0-9580.017300.0-16300.048489580.05290.017300.0-16300.049-4480.0-8560.028000.0-6640.049498560.04470.028000.0-6640.050-3920.0-7890.034800.0-1180.050507890.03920.034800.0-1180.051-3380.0-7220.041000.03620.051517220.03350.041000.03620.052-2810.0-6560.046200.07940.052526560.02810.046200.07940.053-2280.0-5900.050800.011800.053535900.02280.050800.011800.054-1750.0-5240.055100.015100.054545240.01750.055100.015100.055-1220.0-4590.058700.018000.055554590.01170.058700.018000.056-638.0-3940.061300.020400.056563940.0638.061300.020400.057-108.0-3300.063200.022300.057573300.0108.063200.022300.058423.0-2650.064800.023800.058582650.0-423.064800.023800.059954.0-2010.065800.024800.059592010.0-1010.065800.024800.0601550.0-1360.065700.025300.0正常使用短期效應(yīng)組合永久作用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值效應(yīng)與可變作用頻遇值效應(yīng)組合相組合式中：——作用短期效應(yīng)組合設(shè)計(jì)值；——第j個(gè)可變作用效應(yīng)的頻遇值系數(shù)，汽車(chē)荷載（不計(jì)沖擊力）取0.7，人群荷載取1.0，風(fēng)荷載取0.75，溫度梯度作用取0.8，其他作用取1.0；——第j個(gè)可變作用效應(yīng)的頻遇值；計(jì)算結(jié)果見(jiàn)下表表3-11正常使用短期效應(yīng)組合單元號(hào)節(jié)點(diǎn)號(hào)最大剪力（kN）最小剪力（kN）最大彎矩(kN·m)最小彎矩(kN·m)116040.04090.00.00.02-3840.0-5810.02950.02030.0225810.03840.02950.02030.03-3360.0-5300.08330.05660.0335300.03360.08330.05660.04-2910.0-4740.013100.08820.0444740.02910.013100.08820.05-2470.0-4270.017500.011500.0554270.02460.017500.011500.06-1990.0-3760.021600.014000.0663760.01990.021600.014000.07-1540.0-3300.024900.015800.0773250.01540.024900.015800.08-1080.0-2780.027600.017200.0882780.01080.027600.017200.09-608.0-2300.029900.018100.0992300.0611.029900.018100.010-143.0-1830.031700.018600.010101830.0146.031700.018600.011229.0-1450.032800.018800.011111450.0-229.032800.018800.012925.0-746.033900.018200.01212746.0-925.033900.018200.0131390.0-277.034100.017300.01313277.0-1390.034100.017300.0141860.0192.033700.016000.01414-192.0-1860.033700.016000.0152330.0660.032800.014200.01515-660.0-2330.032800.014200.0162930.01270.031100.011300.01616-1270.0-2930.031100.011300.0173430.01740.029100.08510.01717-1740.0-3430.029100.08510.0183900.02210.026500.05310.01818-2210.0-3900.026500.05310.0194660.02960.021600.0-726.01919-2960.0-4660.021600.0-726.0205140.03440.018000.0-5080.02020-3440.0-5140.018000.0-5080.0215620.03910.013800.0-9880.02121-3910.0-5650.013800.0-9880.0226140.04400.09050.0-15100.02222-4400.0-6140.09050.0-15100.0236630.04880.03860.0-20900.02323-4880.0-6630.03860.0-20900.0247130.05370.0-1830.0-27000.02424-5370.0-7130.0-1840.0-27000.0257630.05870.0-8060.0-33700.02525-5870.0-7660.0-8060.0-33700.0268170.06380.0-14900.0-40800.02626-6380.0-8170.0-14900.0-40800.0278690.06890.0-22000.0-48500.02727-6890.0-8690.0-22000.0-48500.0289220.07410.0-29700.0-56700.02828-7410.0-9220.0-29700.0-56700.0299760.07930.0-37900.0-65500.02929-7930.0-9780.0-37900.0-65500.03010300.08470.0-46700.0-74800.03030-8470.0-10300.0-46700.0-74800.03110900.09020.0-55900.0-84700.03131-9020.0-10900.0-55900.0-84700.03211500.09570.0-65400.0-95200.03232-9570.0-11500.0-65400.0-95200.03312000.010100.0-75300.0-106000.03333-10100.0-12100.0-75300.0-106000.03412700.010700.0-85700.0-118000.03434-10700.0-12700.0-85700.0-118000.03513000.011000.0-92300.0-125000.0353513300.011400.0-92300.0-125000.036-11000.0-13000.0-85500.0-117000.0363613000.011000.0-85500.0-117000.037-10500.0-12400.0-75800.0-106000.0373712400.010500.0-75800.0-106000.038-9970.0-11900.0-65500.0-94700.0383811900.09970.0-65500.0-94700.039-9430.0-11300.0-55600.0-83500.0393911300.09430.0-55600.0-83500.040-8890.0-10700.0-46100.0-72900.0404010700.08890.0-46100.0-72900.041-8370.0-10200.0-37000.0-63200.0414110200.08370.0-37000.0-63200.042-7860.0-9630.0-28500.0-54100.042429620.07860.0-28500.0-54100.043-7360.0-9090.0-20500.0-45500.043439090.07350.0-20500.0-45500.044-6860.0-8570.0-12900.0-37400.044448570.06860.0-12900.0-37400.045-6360.0-8050.0-5770.0-29800.045458050.06360.0-5770.0-29800.046-5860.0-7540.0823.0-22700.046467540.05870.0823.0-22700.047-5380.0-7040.06880.0-16200.047477040.05370.06880.0-16200.048-4900.0-6540.012500.0-10100.048486540.04890.012500.0-10100.049-4180.0-5810.020100.0-1950.049495810.04180.020100.0-1950.050-3710.0-5320.024700.02870.050505320.03710.024700.02870.051-3240.0-4850.028900.07190.051514850.03220.028900.07190.052-2760.0-4370.032400.011100.052524370.02760.032400.011100.053-2300.0-3900.035500.014500.053533900.02300.035500.014500.054-1850.0-3430.038300.017500.054543430.01850.038300.017500.055-1390.0-2960.040600.020000.055552960.01370.040600.020000.056-913.0-2500.042200.022200.056562500.0913.042200.022200.057-458.0-2030.043400.023800.057572030.0458.043400.023800.058-3.8-1570.044300.025100.058581570.03.944300.025100.059451.0-1110.044700.025900.059591110.0-475.044700.025900.060930.0-648.044500.026300.0正常使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組合計(jì)算結(jié)果見(jiàn)下表表3-12正常使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)組合單元號(hào)