小升初沖刺班名詞和代詞總復(fù)習(xí)講解及練習(xí)

名詞名詞是表示人、物、地點(diǎn)以及抽象概念的詞。artist,singer,teacher,girl…Dog,panda,table,car…Airport,school,beach,hotel…War,peace,courage…英語的名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，同時(shí)可數(shù)名詞也有單復(fù)數(shù)之分?？蓴?shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞〔一〕可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)定義：用來表示單個(gè)的人或物，需要在名詞的前面加“a〞，“an〞或“one〞。如果名詞的第一個(gè)音節(jié)是元音，就要在名詞前面加“an〞。例如：adesk一張桌子acomputer一臺(tái)電腦ahouse一棟房子anorange一個(gè)橙子anapple一個(gè)蘋果anegg一個(gè)雞蛋oneTV一臺(tái)電視機(jī)onebanana一根香蕉onebook一本書可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)定義：如果表示兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或物的數(shù)目，就需要用到復(fù)數(shù)。名詞的復(fù)數(shù)有很多種變化形式，其中以下幾種變化形式是比擬常見：不規(guī)那么名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)那么變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)那么變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式二．不可數(shù)名詞定義：指不可以用數(shù)目來計(jì)算，不可以分成獨(dú)立個(gè)體的名詞，主要是以物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞為主。例如：water，money，bread等。在它們的前面不能用“a〞，“an〞或者數(shù)詞來修飾，如果要表示一定量，可以用表示一定量的名詞短語或表示“一些〞，“大量〞等形容詞來修飾表示一定量的名詞短語修飾不可數(shù)名詞。例如：acupoftea一杯茶aglassofjuice一杯果汁apieceofcake一塊蛋糕abowlofnoodles一碗面apieceofpaper一張紙abowlofrice一碗米飯〔二〕表示“一些〞，“大量〞“少量〞等來修飾不可數(shù)名詞的形容詞或詞組。例如：alittle一些little少量much大量，很多alotof許多l(xiāng)otsof許多搭配如下：alittlewater一些水littlelight少量陽光muchmoney很多錢alotofbread許多面包Some,Any的用法它們都表示“一些〞，some用在肯定句中，而any用在否認(rèn)句中和疑問句．Some還可以用在客氣請(qǐng)求的一般疑問句中。E.g：Ihavesomebeautifulstamps.Idon’thaveanybeautifulstamps.CanIhavesomebananas?不可數(shù)名詞的歸類1.表示液體：water,juice,milk,coffee,coke,ink2.表示自然現(xiàn)象:snow,rain,ice3.表示食品類：rice,jam,honey,meat,bread,mutton,beef,tofu,eggplant,pork,chicken,fish4.其他的：newspaper,news,homework,houseworkPractice練習(xí)吧寫出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)選擇填空()1.Isthereabig____inyourroom?A.boxingB.boxesC.box()2.Therearemany___inyourschool.AputerBputersC.acomputer()3.---Whatwouldyoulike?---I'dlikesome_____.A.waterB.watersC.watering()4.Icanseemany__inthebusystreet.A.busesB.busC.bush()5.UncleLiisveryrich.Hehas__money.A.manyB.muchC.alot()6.I'dlikea_______ofpaper.A.bottleB.glassC.piece()7.Lookatthesehappy________!A.childrenB.childC.boy()8.Hereis_____bookforyou.A.someB.oneC.two寫出以下名詞的適當(dāng)形式1.Hello,Jim.Canyougivemesome__(orange)?2.MayIhavean______〔egg)?4.Therearemany______(country)intheworld.5.SunnyGardenisbeautiful.Ithasmany_____(tree)and________(flower).6.Wow!Your______(tooth)aresowhite!7.I'dlikeabowlof________(noodle).找出不同類的一項(xiàng)〔〕1.pandaA.tigerB.rulerC.zebra〔〕2.MondayA.dayB.TuesdayC.Friday〔〕3.handA.legB.footC.tape〔〕4.oneA.threeB.doorC.seven〔〕5.doctorA.manB.teacherC.nurse〔〕6.whiteA.redB.brownC.skirt〔〕7.bananaA.peachB.planeC.pear〔〕8.antA.beeB.dogC.butterfly〔〕9.headacheA.feelB.coughC.cold〔〕10.pianoA.guitarB.blouseC.violin代詞人稱代詞和物主代詞根據(jù)上表的例句如下：人稱代詞：*有主格和賓格之分。*一般動(dòng)詞前用主格，動(dòng)詞后用賓格。*主格在句中作主語，位于句子開頭。*賓格在句中作賓語，位于動(dòng)詞/介詞后。Shedoesn’tlikeus.-Whoisit?-It’sme.Isawherwiththem物主代詞：有兩類：形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞一般看后面有沒有名詞，如有，就用形容詞性物主代詞；如無，就用名詞性物主代詞。形容詞性物主代詞位于名詞前,修飾名詞.名詞性物主代詞單獨(dú)使用。1.You’llfindyourbooksamongmineonthebookshelf.2.Ourroomisonthefirstfloor,andtheirsisonthesecond.3.ThecapisJack’s.小技藝在連續(xù)使用兩個(gè)以上人稱代詞時(shí)，通常單數(shù)you放在第一位，I放在最后；復(fù)數(shù)we放在第一位，they放在最后。簡(jiǎn)單記成：?jiǎn)螖?shù)2,3,1，復(fù)數(shù)1,2,3。都是三人稱，女后男在先。例如：*YouandIcanhelpeachother.*Theycouldn’thaveseenTomandmethere.*You,TomandIareleavingnextmonth.*Youortheymustpasstheexam.*We,youandtheyshouldgotheretogether.2.疑問代詞(who,whom,which,what,whose)用來構(gòu)成疑問句，在句中可以起名詞詞組作用。指人：who,whom,whose指物：what既可指人又可指物:which①who與whom.(whom是who的賓格)Whotoldyouthetruth?Whomareyoutalkingwith?②whose,which,what1.Whosebookisthis?2.Whichbookyoulikebetter,theEnglishbookortheChinesebook?3.Whatareyoureadingnow?4.What’syourfather?5.Whosebooksaretheseonthedesk?3.指示代詞this,these,that,those被用作名詞中心詞的修飾語時(shí)屬于限定詞,而單獨(dú)用來代替名詞詞組時(shí)是代詞。1.Thisisthebuswewant.2.Puttheseinyourbag.3.Myideaisthis.4.Howdoyouthinkofthisidea?注意：that和those有時(shí)用來代表前面提到的名詞，以防止重復(fù)。ThebestcoalisthatfromNewcastle.Thosewhowishtogomaysignuphere.代詞－Practice練習(xí)吧選出括號(hào)中正確的詞，在正確的詞上打勾Thisis〔my/I〕mother.

Nicetomeet〔your/you〕.

〔He/His〕nameisMark.

What’s〔she/her〕name?

Excuse〔me/my/I〕.Are〔your/you〕MissLi?

7.〔I/My〕amBen.

8.〔She/Her〕ismysister.

9.Fine,thank〔your/you〕.

10.Howoldis〔he/his〕用所給代詞的正確形式填空。1.Theseare______(he)brothers.

2.Thatis_______(she)sister.

3.Tom,thisis_____(me)cousin,Mary.

4.Doyouknow

______(it)name?

5.MikeandTom__________(be)friends.

6.Thanksforhelping________(I).7.Whocanhelp____(she)tocarrythebox?

8.Mum,weareveryhungry.Give______(we)somebread,please.

9.Thisismypuppet.That's__(you)puppet.

10.Openthedoorfor______(I),please.單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.Sheisastudent,_____nameisJulia.A.itsB.herC.hersD.his()2.Couldyouhelp_____with_______English,please.A.I,myB.me,meC.me,myD.my,I()3.Afriendof___camehereyesterday.A.myB.hisC.himD.himself()4.______pencil-boxisbeautiful.But____ismorebeautifulthan______.A.Toms,my,heB.Tom's,mine,hisC.Tom's,mine,himD.Tom's,my,his()5.Mostof______likeChinesefood.A.theyB.TheirC.ThemD.theirs()6.Don'tyoulet____helpyou?A.IandmyfriendB.myfriendandIC.myfriendandmeD.myfriendandIto()7.______havebeenchosen.A.I,youandheB.He,youandIC.You,heandID.You,andme()8.ShegavetheeraserstoLucyand_______.A.IB.meC.myD.mine()9.That'snot___,itis___.Imadeit__.A.ours,mine,myselfB.your,mine,myselfC.yours,her,myselfD.yours,my,myself()10.Mostpeoplethink______areswinningstar.A.oursB.ourselvesC.weD.Us11〔〕classroomisonthefirstfloor,and()isonthesecondfloor.AYours,oursBYour,oursCYours,ourDYou,we12()alllikefootballverymuch.AYou,heandI