初中定語從句

中考專題：定語從句一、定語從句（一）：1.定語從句的概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。2.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。3.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的連詞叫關(guān)系詞。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。關(guān)系詞指代在定語從句中的作用that既指人也指物作主語、賓語which指物作主語、賓語who指人作主語whom指人作賓語whose既指人也指物作定語二、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句（二）1.who指人，在從句中做主語

(1)現(xiàn)在正在操場上打籃球的男孩們是來自一班的。

(2)昨天我?guī)椭艘粋€迷路的老人。

2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，?？墒÷?。

(1)Mr.liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.

(2)Mr.lingisjusttheboywhomiwanttosee.

(3)themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.

3.which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略

(1)footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.

(2)thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.

4.that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。

(1)thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.

(2)whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?

5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語

(1)hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.

(2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.

whose指物時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替

(1)theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

(2)theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.

(3)Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?

(4)Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?

四、注意事項：1.關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作賓語時，?？墒÷?。Thestory_____hetoldwasverypopular.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD./2.that、who、which在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。Ilovessingerswho_______(write)theirownsongs.Sheisoneofthegirlswho______(study)hard.3.在定語從句中不能出現(xiàn)代替先行詞的人稱代詞。Willyoupleaseshowmethebook______yesterday?A.whichyouboughtB.thatyouboughtitC.youboughtD.youboughtit4.定語從句中whose的確定：無論先行詞是人或物，在定語從句中做定語用whose。判斷：看定語從句的主語前有無限定詞（my、your、Jim’s等），若沒有，則用whose。Thegirl_____parentsworkinBeijingisKate.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.thatIknowtheboy.Hishandwritingisverygood.=Iknowtheboy____handwritingisverygood.四．關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

1.when指時間，在定語從句中做時間狀語

(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.

(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.

2.where指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語

(1)Shanghaiisthecitywhereiwasborn.

(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.

3.why指原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語

(1)pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.

(2)Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.

即時訓(xùn)練1.(2004年哈爾濱中考試題)

---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees?

---Yes,hedoes.

A.which

B.whose

C.where

D.who

2.(2004年常州市中考試題)

Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.

A.who

B.where

C.what

D.that3.(2004年揚(yáng)州市中考試題)

---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday?

---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.

A.whom

B.who

C.whose

D.which

4.(2004年益陽市中考試題)

Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle.

A.whose

B.whom

C.which

D.Who過手訓(xùn)練---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?

---Oh!It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.

A.he

B.that

C.whom

D.which

2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.

A.who

B.which

C.they

D.where

3.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.

A.which

B.when

C.who

D.whom

4.Thisistheplace

_____Ihaveevervisited.

A.there

B.when

C.where

D.which

5.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.

A.that

B.which

C.why

D.when

6.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.why

7.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.

A.when

B.where

C.that

D.which

8.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.

A.who

B.that

C.whose

D.which

9.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.

A.inwhich

B.that

C.whose

D.where

10.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.

A.which

B.that

C.when

D.where

11.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.

A.that

B.which

C.when

D.where

12.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when

二.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空

1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.

2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.

3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.

4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.

5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.

6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.

7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.

8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.

9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?

10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.單項選擇【2011廣西南寧市】1.Mygrandparentsliketoliveinahouse_______isnotverybigbutbrightandcomfortable.A.thatB.whoC.whatD.whose【2011貴州貴陽】2.MarySmithsaysshelikestohavefriends_________aredifferentfromher.A.whoseB.whichC.who【2011湖南湘西】3.Doyouknowthegirl_________issingingintheclassroom?A.whenB.whoC.which【2011湖南岳陽中考】4.Ican’tforgetthetimetheearthquakehappenedinYushu.A.whenB.whichC.where【2011山東濱州】5.Ihatepeople_________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.who B.which C.whoseD.where【浙江湖州】6.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Ilikethemovies____areaboutChinesehistory.A.whoB.whom C.whose D.that【2011浙江衢州】7.Thephotossuccessfullyshowtherichculture______makesBeijingsofamous.A.whatB.whichC.whoD.why【2011四川內(nèi)江】8.I'mgoingtostartaclubtohelpstudents_____arenotinterestedinschoolwork.A.whoseB.whoC.whom【2011?株洲】9.Ginalovessingers_______writetheirownmusic.A.whichB.whoC.hasworked【2011?廣州】10.Thestory______Ireadthenewspaperwasaboutacommonproblemamongteenagers.whoseB.whoC.thatD.where【2011湖北十堰】11.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool__________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear. A.who B.where C.when D.which【2011肇慶】12.PeoplefromdifferentplacescometovisitZhaoqing______isfamousforitsbeautifulmountainsandlakes.A.whatB.whichC.who【2011湖南長沙】13.---Whatareyoulookingfor?---I’mlookingforthebook________youlentmeyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whose【2011廣東】14.Thefirstthing_____mybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter. A.which B.that C.why D.who【2011本溪】15.Heisaperson______iseasytogetalongwith.A.who B.which C.whom D.what【2011山東菏澤】16.I’llneverforgettheday_____thegreatscientistcametoourschoolandgaveusaspeech.A.that B.which C.when D.where【2011湖南株洲】17.Peopleoftenlikeclothes______canmakethemlookyoung. A.when B.who C.that【2012貴州貴陽】18.“Whatdoyouthinkoftheschooluniforms?”“Verygood.Ilikeclothes______makemefeelcomfortable.”A.thatB.whatC.who【2012貴州貴陽】19.“Whatdoyouthinkoftheschooluniforms?”“Verygood.Ilikeclothes______makemefeelcomfortable.”A.thatB.whatC.who【2012廣東】20.Therewillbeaflowershowinthepark wevisitedlastweek.A.who B.when C.what D.Which【2012廣西玉林】21.—Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.—Soweshoulddosomething______canhelpstopsmoking.A.whatB.whoC./D.that【2012湖北黃石】22.Istillrememberthetime_____wespenttogetheratXisaiMountainlastyear.A.whenB.whatC.whoD.which【2012廣東省】23.Mr.Smith__________issmokingislookingfor________shelostyesterday.A.whom;whichB.who;whatC.that;whoD.which;where【2012山東濱州】24.—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I'mlookingforthering______myhusbandboughtmelastyear.A.thatB.who C.whom D.it【2012山東泰安】25.Ihatepeople______