高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 八主旨大意之標(biāo)題歸納題試題

主旨大意之標(biāo)題歸納題ATulou，thespecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvincewasincludedontheUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec，Canada.Inthefourthcentury，HanChineselivingintheCentralPlainsareabegantomigratesouth，graduallygatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkacommunities.Asadefenceagainstenemies，theHakkaschosetoliveincompact(緊湊的)communities，andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.TensofthousandsofsuchearthenstructureswereconstructedinFujianProvince.Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys，surroundedbyhighmountains，andsomeareinthedepthsofthegreatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstorieshigh，andlooklikecircularblockhouses(堡壘)．Roomsonthefirstfloorareusedaskitchens，roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbarns(谷倉(cāng))，androomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.Fordefensivepurposes，theroomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasamixtureofclay，sand，limeandwater，andeggwhites，brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents(粘合劑)．Itwasthenmixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried，thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.Firbranches，whichareextremelystronganddonotrot，wereusedtostrengthenthem，andmanycenturieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.Tulousarelocatedinaregionwhereearthquakeshappenfrequently，andtheircircularconstructionhelpsthemresisttheregularshocks.TheprovendesigneveninspiredonefamousPeruvianarchitect，whopaidseveralvisitstoYongding，tobuildatuloubackhome.Notlongafter，anearthquakestruckonly10kilometersaway，andwhileallthehousesaroundtheearthenbuildingfelldown，histulouremained.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文屬于說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了世界文化遺產(chǎn)——福建土樓的用途、建設(shè)過(guò)程以及人們對(duì)它的評(píng)價(jià)。1．Fromthepassage，weknowthattulou.A．isaspecialresidentialarchitectureofHanChineseinFujianeventodayB．wasoncetheplacewheretheHakkaschosetolivetogetherC．standsinthevalleysandisalsomodernpeople’spreferredhousesD．lookslikecircularblockhousesbuteasytofalldownintheearthquake答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Asadefenceagainstenemies，theHakkaschosetoliveincompact(緊湊的)communities，andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.”可知土樓是客家人用來(lái)防御敵人的重要工具，同時(shí)也是客家人生活居住的場(chǎng)所。故B正確。2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．HakkasbuilttulouswhentheylivedintheCentralPlainsarea.B．Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedfromfaraway.C．Itisdifficulttodigaholeintothewallsofthetulou.D．Firbranchesmayhelpthemresisttheregularshocks.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第四句“Oncetheydried，thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeendifficult.”可知修建土樓的黏土干了以后非常堅(jiān)硬，釘子都很難釘進(jìn)去。故C正確。3．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．OneofUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListsB．TheFunctionofTulousC．YongdingCountyandtheHakkasD．TheSpecialEarthenArchitectureofFujian答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文屬于說(shuō)明文，說(shuō)明文的主題通常都在文章開(kāi)頭。本文第一段“Tulou，thespecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvincewasincludedontheUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec，Canada.”告訴我們福建土樓在第32屆聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織的會(huì)議上被列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)。接下來(lái)五段詳細(xì)介紹了福建土樓的特點(diǎn)、用途、建設(shè)過(guò)程以及人們對(duì)它的評(píng)價(jià)。所以本文主要介紹的是福建永定的特有建筑：土樓。故D正確。BThisisatruestorythathappenedinJapan.Inordertorenovatethehouse，aJapanesetoreopenthewalls.Japanesehousesnormallyhaveanemptyspacebetweenthewoodenwalls.Whentearingdownthewalls，hefoundthattherewasalizard(蜥蜴)stucktherebecauseanailfromoutsidewashammeredintooneofitsfeet.Hesawthis，feelingpityandcurious.Whenhecheckedthenail，hefounditwasnailed10yearsagowhenthehousewasfirstbuilt.Whathappened？Thelizardhadsurvivedinsuchapositionfor10years！Ithasbeeninadarkwallpartition(夾層)for10yearswithoutmoving！Thenhewonderedhowthislizardsurvivedfor10yearswithoutmovingasinglestep—sinceitsfootwasnailed！Sohestoppedhisworkandobservedthelizard：Whathasitbeendoing？Whatandhowhasitbeeneating？Later，hedidn’tknowfromwhereanotherlizardappeared，withfoodinitsmouth.Ah！Hewasastonishedandtoucheddeeply.Thefreelizardhadbeenfeedingthestuckoneforthepast10years.Suchlove，abeautifullove！Suchlovehappenedwiththistinycreature...Whatcanlovedo？Itcandowonders！Justthinkaboutit：Onelizardhadbeenfeedingtheotheroneuntiringlyfor10longyears，withoutgivinguphopeonitspartner.Ifasmallcreaturelikealizardcanlovelikethis，justimaginehowwecanloveifwetry.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文屬于夾敘夾議類短文，講述了一只蜥蜴被困在墻上十年，另外一只蜥蜴十年間一直給它送食物。這兩只蜥蜴之間的愛(ài)情故事告訴我們永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄自己的愛(ài)人，因?yàn)閻?ài)可以創(chuàng)造奇跡。4．HowdidtheJapanesefeelwhenseeingthestucklizard?A．Frightened. B．Enjoyable.C．Confused. D．Usual.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Thenhewonderedhowthislizardsurvivedfor10yearswithoutmovingasinglestep—sinceitsfootwasnailed！”說(shuō)明他很困惑，這個(gè)蜥蜴怎么能在被困十年的時(shí)間里活下來(lái)。故C正確。5．Whatcanwelearnfromthefreelizard?A．Itteachesusnevertoabandonourlovedones.B．Itteachesustogivemorehelptoourlovedones.C．Ittellsustotakepityonthestucklizard.D．Itencouragesustoliveevenlonger.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Justthinkaboutit：onelizardhadbeenfeedingtheotheroneuntiringlyfor10longyears，withoutgivinguphopeonitspartner.”可知，這條自由的蜥蜴用它十年的實(shí)際行動(dòng)告訴我們永遠(yuǎn)不要拋棄自己的愛(ài)人。故A正確。6．WhydidtheJapanesestophiswork?A．Towatchhowlongthelizardcanstilllivehere.B．Totakeoutthenailandsetthelizardfree.C．Tohavearestbywatchingthelizard.D．Tofindoutwhythelizardhadsurvivedherefor10years.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四、五句“Thenhewonderedhowthislizardsurvivedfor10yearswithoutmovingasinglestep—sinceitsfootwasnailed！Sohestoppedhisworkandobservedthelizard：Whathasitbeendoing？Whatandhowhasitbeeneating？”可知，他停下來(lái)是想搞清楚這只被困住的蜥蜴在這十年里是如何活下來(lái)的。故D項(xiàng)正確。7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AWonder B．TwoLizardsC．SuchaStory D．LizardLove答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文講述了一只蜥蜴被困在墻上十年，另外一只蜥蜴十年間一直給它送食物。這兩只蜥蜴之間的愛(ài)情故事告訴我們永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄自己的愛(ài)人，因?yàn)閻?ài)可以創(chuàng)造奇跡。所以D項(xiàng)與文章中心思想一致。A、B、C三項(xiàng)不全面或與文章內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)。CItwasThanksgivingmorning.IwasbusypreparingthetraditionalThanksgivingturkeywhenthedoorbellrang.Iopenedthefrontdoorandsawtwosmallchildreninragshuddlingtogetheronthetopstep.“Anyoldpapers，lady？”askedoneofthem.Iwasbusy.Iwantedtosay“no”untilIlookeddownattheirfeet.Theywerewearingthinlittlesandals(涼鞋)，wetwithheavysnow.“ComeinandI’llmakeyouacupofhotcocoa.”Theywalkedoverandsatdownatthetable.Theirwetsandalsleftmarksuponthefloor.Iservedthemcocoaandbreadtofightagainstthecoldoutside.ThenIwentbacktothekitchenandstartedcooking.Thesilenceinthefrontroomstruckme.Ilookedin.Thegirlheldtheemptycupinherhands，lookingatit.Theboyaskedinaflatvoice，“Lady，areyourich？”“AmIrich？Pity，no！”Ilookedatmywornoutslipcovers(椅套)．Thegirlputhercupbackinitssaucer(茶碟)carefullyandsaid，“Yourcupsmatchyoursaucers.”Theyleftafterthat，holdingtheirpapersagainstthewind.TheyhadremindedmethatIhadsomuchforwhichtobegrateful.Plainbluechinacupsandsaucerswereonlyworthfivepence.Buttheymatched.Itastedthepotatoesandstirred(攪動(dòng))themeatsoup.Potatoesandbrownmeatsoup，aroofoverourheads，mymanwitharegularjob，thesematched，too.Imovedthechairsbackfromthefireandcleanedthelivingroom.Themuddymarksoflittlesandalswerestillwetuponmyfloor.Letthembeforawhile，Ithought，justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文介紹了在感恩節(jié)的早上，一對(duì)來(lái)要舊報(bào)紙的小男孩和小女孩給作者帶來(lái)的人生思考。8．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Lady，AreYouRich?B．AStoryofThanksgivingDayC．Don’tForgetHowRichYouAreD．DoCupsandSaucersMatchWell?答案A解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文中“Theboyaskedinaflatvoice，‘Lady，areyourich？’”“AmIrich？Pity，no！”及“TheyhadremindedmethatIhadsomuchforwhichtobegrateful.”；再根據(jù)文章最后一句“Letthembeforawhile，Ithought，justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.”可知，從小男孩的這句話里，作者意識(shí)到什么才是真正的富有。故選A。9．Thewriterleftthemuddymarksoflittlesandalsonthefloorforawhileto.A．showthatshewasakindheartedladyB．remindherthatsheshouldn’tforgethowrichshewasC．leaveroomforreaderstothinkaboutwhatbeingrichisD．provethatshehadunderstoodwhatmeantbeingrich答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Letthembeforawhile，Ithought，justincaseIshouldbegintoforgethowrichIam.”說(shuō)明作者想讓這樣的腳印提醒自己不要忘記自己有多富有，故B正確。10．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhetheryouarerichdependson.A．howmuchmoneyyouhavemadeB．whatattitudeyouhavehadtowardslifeC．thewayyouhelpothersD．yoursocialrelationship答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中女孩子的那句話“Yourcupsmatchyoursaucers.”讓我們思考著富有與否取決于我們對(duì)生活的態(tài)度。故B正確。DHelsinkiisofferingyoungpeoplethechancetorentacheapapartmentinanoldpeople’shome，iftheyagreetospendtimesocializingwiththeelderlyresidents.Thecitycouncilisseekingapplicationsfromrentersundertheageof25whowillcommittospendingbetweenthreeandfivehourseachweekwiththeirolderneighbours，atacarehomeintheeasternLaajasalodistrict.Inexchange，they’llgetastudioflatmeasuring23squaremeterswithaprivatekitchen，bathroomandbalconyfor250eurospermonth.Currentlyonlythreeflatsareavailable，buttheschemeispartofawiderefforttodealwithalackofaccommodationforyoungpeopleinthecapital.Ordinarilyastudiocostsabout600eurosamonth，dependingonthearea，onelocaluniversityadvises.Thosewhoapplydon’tneedanyspecificcareexperience.“Therearestafftolookaftertheelderly，”projectmanagerMikiMielonentellsYle.“Wearelookingforyoungpeoplewhomaybehaveadifferentperspectiveoneverydaylife，whowillbringvarietyandrecreationtotheelderlyresidents.”Morethan60peoplehaveappliedforthespacesinlessthanaweek，andtheideahasalsobeenwidelyrecognizedbyFinnsonsocialmedia.“Greatproject，hopefullyitwillspreadtootherareas，”writesonepersononFacebook，whileanotherapplaudstheschemeforbringingdifferentgenerationstogether.Butsomewishitwereopentomorepeople，withoneusersaying：“It’sashametheflatsaresosmall.Itwouldhavebeenniceiftheelderlyhadasmallfamilywithchildrenorasingleparentastheirneighbour.”Andonepersonhasadifferentopinionaboutthecut-offage，writing：“ShameI’mtoooldforthis—Iwouldhavesurelyapplied.”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為新聞報(bào)道。在芬蘭赫爾辛基市，愿意在養(yǎng)老院陪伴老年人的年輕人可以很便宜地租到養(yǎng)老院的公寓樓。11．Onecanprobablygetthecheapapartmentifhe.A．reachestheageof25B．hasfinancialproblemsC．promisestoaccompanytheelderlyD．a(chǎn)greestoshareit答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“...rentersundertheageof25