福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告

福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告實(shí)驗(yàn)2類和對象（一）一、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康暮鸵?1)掌握類、類的數(shù)據(jù)成員、類的成員函數(shù)的定義方式，理解類成員的訪問控制方式。(2)掌握對象的定義和操作對象的方法。(3)掌握構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)的定義與執(zhí)行過程。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容和原理1、調(diào)試下面程序，在不刪除和增加代碼行的情況下，改正錯(cuò)誤語句，使其正確運(yùn)行。2、(1)在以下程序中，將TPoint類的帶有兩個(gè)參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)進(jìn)行修改，在函數(shù)體內(nèi)增加如下語句：cout<<”ConstructorisCalled!\n”;(2)寫出程序的輸出結(jié)果，并解釋輸出結(jié)果。(3)在主函數(shù)體內(nèi)，添加下列說明語句：TPointe(20),f;調(diào)試程序會(huì)出現(xiàn)什么現(xiàn)象？為什么？如何解決？3、請定義一個(gè)三角形類triangle，私有數(shù)據(jù)成員為三角形的三邊（first,second,third），設(shè)計(jì)無參構(gòu)造置first、second、third都為0，有參構(gòu)造函數(shù)置三邊位對應(yīng)形參的值，另外還包括求三角形周長、求三角形的面積、修改三角形三邊的值，輸出三角形三邊等公有成員函數(shù)。要求輸出三角形三邊的格式為“三邊分別是：first、second、third”。三、實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境1.硬件：PC機(jī)；2.軟件：Windows操作系統(tǒng)、VisualC++6.0四、算法描述及實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟1.#include<iostream.h>classStudent{private:char*name; intage; charsex;public: Student(char*newname,intnewage,charnewsex){name=newname; age=newage; sex=newsex;} intgetAge(){returnage;} chargetSex(){returnsex;} char*getName(){returnname;}};intmain(){Studentmystudent("jim",20,'f');cout<<mystudent.getAge()<<mystudent.getSex()<<mystudent.getName()<<endl;return0;}2.#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTPoint{public:TPoint(intx,inty){X=x;Y=y;cout<<"ConstructorisCalled.\n";}TPoint(TPoint&p);~TPoint(){cout<<"Destructoriscalled\n";}intgetx(){returnX;}intgety(){returnY;}private: intX,Y;};TPoint::TPoint(TPoint&p){ X=p.X; Y=p.Y; cout<<"Copy-initializationConstructoriscalled\n";}intmain(){TPointa(5,3),b(7,10);TPointc(b);TPointd=a;cout<<c.getx()<<","<<c.gety()<<endl;return0;}3.#include<iostream>#include<cmath>usingnamespacestd;classtriangle{public: triangle(){first=0;second=0;third=0;} triangle(doublex,doubley,doublez){first=x;second=y;third=z;} doubleperimeter(){return(first+second+third);} doublearea() { doublep=(first+second+third)/2; return(sqrt(p*(p-first)*(p-second)*(p-third))); } voidsetvalue(doublem,doublen,doubleh){first=m;second=n;third=h;} doublegetfirst(){returnfirst;} doublegetsecond(){returnsecond;} doublegetthird(){returnthird;} voiddisplay();private: doublefirst,second,third;};voidtriangle::display(){ cout<<"First:"<<first<<""<<"Second:"<<second<<""<<"Third:"<<third<<endl;}intmain(){ doublex,y,z; cin>>x>>y>>z; cout<<endl; triangleA(x,y,z),B(3,4,5); cout<<"下面是A三角形的相關(guān)信息："<<endl; A.display(); cout<<"perimeter:"<<A.perimeter()<<""; cout<<"area:"<<A.area()<<endl; B.setvalue(3,4,5); cout<<endl; cout<<"下面是替換后B三角形的相關(guān)信息："<<endl; cout<<"First:"<<B.getfirst()<<""<<"Second:"<<B.getsecond()<<""<<"Third:"<<B.getthird()<<endl; cout<<"perimeter:"<<B.perimeter()<<""; cout<<"area:"<<B.area()<<endl; cout<<endl; return0;}五、調(diào)試過程姓名年齡性別為保護(hù)控制，所以下面的輸出不能直接調(diào)用保護(hù)的函數(shù)，還有Studentmystudent里面只有兩個(gè)函數(shù)名少了年齡的。編譯器提示的是沒有合適的默認(rèn)構(gòu)造函數(shù)解決建立一個(gè)合適的構(gòu)造函數(shù)六12.3