Unit+4+History+and+Traditions+Reading+and+Thinking+課件【知識精講精研】高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊

Unit4Period1ReadingandThinking(1)Understandbodylanguage新課導(dǎo)入Lookanddiscuss※

Whatmightthepeoplebedoinginthephotos?※

Whatdoyouthinktheymightbefeeling?1.通過閱讀有關(guān)肢體語言的語篇，理解描述這些行為特征的

語言特點，掌握描述肢體語言的基本方法；2.能學習并掌握詞性轉(zhuǎn)化以及本課時的重點詞匯。課堂學習Pre-readingWhatIhidebymylanguage,mybodyutters.—RolandBarthes我用語言隱藏的，我的身體會說出來?！_蘭·巴特Sobodylanguageismorepowerfulthanspokenlanguage.Choosefivesentencesandactthemoutwithoutspeaking.Canyourpartnerguesswhatyouaretryingtocommunicate?1Hello!

Goodbye!

Comehere!

Goaway!Tooexpensive!I'msurprised!

I'mtired.

I'mconfused.OK!

Goodluck!

I'mhappy!

I'mupset!I'msad!

Iforgot!

You'regreat!Lookatthetitleandpicture.Predictwhatthetextisabout.BodylanguageWhile-readingPara.1A.Bodylanguagevariesindifferentcultures.Para.2B.Bodylanguagecanshowourfeelings.Para.3C.Thegesturesfor“yes”and“no”aredifferent.Para.4D.Thedifferentmeaningsof“OK”.Para.5E.Smilinghasmanydifferentuses.Para.6F.SomegestureswiththesamemeaningMatcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea.1.Canyouguessthemeaningoftheword“interaction”accordingtothecontext?2.Whatisthefunctionofthelastsentenceinpara.1?ReadthePara.1andanswerthequestions.CommunicationTransitionalsentence(過渡句)Make

inferences

推斷Sometimes

a

passage

does

not

say

something

directly.

However,

you

can

figure

it

out

by

looking

at

the

clues

in

the

passage.ReadthePara.2toPara.5carefullyandfillinthetable.Bodylanguage/GestureMeaningCountry/RegionEyecontactbetweenmenandwomennotpoliteMiddleEastLookingdownwhentalkingtosomeone

OKsign

AsignofrespectJapanMoneyJapanZeroFranceNotpoliteBrazilandGermanyBodylanguage/GestureMeaningCountry/RegionKissingonthecheek

Placingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyes

Movingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal

AgreetingFranceandRussiaI’msleepy.MostplacesI’mfull.Readthetextagain,andthendiscussthesequestions.31.HowisthebodylanguagementionedinthetextinterpretedinChina?SomearethesameinChina.Forexample,thegesture

forputtinghandstogetherandrestingthemontheside

ofyourheadmeanssleeping.Post-reading2.Canyouthinkofanexampleofbodylanguagethatisappropriatein

Chinabutmightbemisunderstoodinanotherculture?

3.Whatadviceonbodylanguagecanyougiveaforeignfriendon

his/herfirsttriptoChina?Avoidingeyecontactandloweringone'sheadmaymeanrespectandbeingshyinChina,whereasinsomeothercountriesthisbodylanguagemaybeinterpretedasbeingrude.Pleasepayattentiontothesocialdistance,whichis

differentinChinaandintheWest.EnjoymentSmileTrialDiscussthequestionsingroups.1.Smilescanbeusedtohidefeelingslike

anger,fear,orworry.Canyoudescribea

situationwhereyoumightsmilewhenyou

don'tmeanit?SometimesIsmilewhenIamimpatient,butIknowIshouldn'tbe.Forexample,ifIamridingatrainandababystartscrying,Imaytrytosmile,becauseeventhoughthebaby'scryingisannoying,Iknowthatitisnotthebaby'sfaultandthereisprobablynothingthatcanbedone.2.Apartfromfakesmiles,isthereanyother

kindofbodylanguagethat

cansometimesbefake?Thereare“crocodiletears”.Thisiswhenapersonfakesfeelingsadorsympatheticforanotherperson.(Thephrasecomesfromanoldstorythatcrocodilescrywhiletheyareeating,as

thoughtheyfeelsadfortheirvictim.)3.Whichisamorereliableguidefor

understandingsomeone's

feelings,their

bodylanguageorthewordstheyspeak?Theirbodylanguageismuchmorereliablethanthewordstheysay,becausemostpeoplehavetroublehidingtheiranger,disappointment,orirritation.

人教

選擇性必修第一冊Unit4(

英語

)ENGLISHPeriod1ReadingandThinking(2)BuildupyourvocabularyLanguagepoints1.【教材原句】Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.就像口語一樣,肢體語言因文化而異?！驹~匯精講】varyvi.(根據(jù)情況)變化;改變【詞匯拓展】variousadj.

不同的;各種各樣的varietyn.

變化;多樣性;種類varyfrom...to...由……到……不等varywith 隨……變化varyin在……方面變化avarietyof=varietiesof種種的;各種各樣的（修飾可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);修飾不可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。）【溫馨提示】“avarietyof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”用作主語,謂語要用復(fù)數(shù);“thevarietyof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”用作主語,謂語要用單數(shù)。表示“……的種類”2.【教材原句】Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.使用肢體語言時,最重要的是要符合你所處的文化?！驹~匯精講】appropriateadj.合適的;恰當?shù)摹驹~匯拓展】beappropriateto/for適用于;合乎beappropriatetodosth 做某事是合適的appropriatelyadv.

適當?shù)?合適地Itisappropriatethat...……是合適的。(It是形式主語,真正主語為后面的that從句。that從句中要使用虛擬語氣“should+動詞原形”,should也可以省略。)(1)Itisnotappropriate

(ask)suchpersonalquestionsinaninterview.

(2)It’snecessaryforyoutomakeyourchildknowthatyouexpecthimtoact

(appropriate)towardotherpeople.toaskappropriately

3.【教材原句】Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.相反,在另一些國家,眼神交流并不總是被認可?！驹~匯精講】approvevi.贊成;同意vt.批準;通過【詞匯拓展】approveofsth贊成/同意某事approveof(one’s)doingsth贊成/同意做某事approvaln.批準;認可;贊成meetwith/earnone’sapproval得到某人的贊許giveone’sapprovaltosth批準/同意某事disapprovevi.不贊成;不同意【溫馨提示】approve表示“贊成;同意”時,是不及物動詞,構(gòu)成approveof短語;approve表示“批準;通過”時,是及物動詞,指正式地或官方批準或通過4.【教材原句】①InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.在日本，和年長的人說話時目光向下以表示尊敬。②Placingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesmeans“sleep”.雙手并攏放在頭的一側(cè)，同時閉上眼睛表示“睡覺”?！揪涫椒治觥吭谝陨蟽蓚€句子中，whentalking和whileclosing都采用了省略的形式。完整的形式是whentheyaretalking和whileyouareclosing?！練w納拓展】狀語從句的省略是指在時間、條件、比較、讓步狀語從句中，將從句的主語和be動詞一起省略。通常需要具備以下條件：(1)從句主語與主句主語一致，或從句主語為it；(2)從句中含有be動詞。e.g.Videogamescanbeabadinfluenceif(theyare)leftinthewronghands.常用省略結(jié)構(gòu)：ifso如果是這樣的話ifnot如果不是這樣；否則ifnecessary如果有必要ifpossible如果可能的話ifany如果有的話ifever如果曾經(jīng)有的話5.【教材原句】InJapan,someonewhowitnesses①anotherpersonemploying②thegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.

在日本,一個人看到另一個人使用這種手勢可能會認為這表示金錢。①【詞匯精講】witnessvt.當場看到;目擊;見證n.目擊者;證人【詞匯拓展】witnesssth/that...目擊……witnessto(doing)sth 證實/證明(做)某事awitnessof/tosth 某事的目擊者/見證人/證明/證據(jù)用witness的適當形式填空(1)Thepolicearelookingfor

totheaccident.

(2)Recentyears

thedevelopmentofthetouristindustry.witnesses

havewitnessed②【詞匯精講】employvt.使用;應(yīng)用;雇用【詞匯拓展】employsbas/tobe...雇用某人任……(職位)employsbtodosth雇用某人做某事employoneselfin(doing)sth=beemployedin(doing)sth忙于(做)某事employern.雇主employeen.雇員;雇工;受雇者employmentn.雇用;使用;工作;職業(yè)6.【教材原句】Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.即使我們使用的表示“是”和“否”的手勢在世界各地也是不同的。【詞匯精講】differvi.相異;不同于【詞匯拓展】differfrom不同于……;和……不同differin 在……方面不同differwithsbon/about/oversth在某事上和某人有分歧/異議makeadifferenceto...對……有影響/起作用makenodifference(to...)(對……)沒有作用或影響單句語法填空(1)Humansdiffer

otheranimalsintheirabilitytospeak.

(2)Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees,buttheydiffergreatly

sizeandshape.

from

in

7.【教材原句】Bycomparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.相比之下，在保加利亞和阿爾巴尼亞南部,這些手勢有著相反的含義?！驹~匯精講】bycomparison相比之下；比較起來；通過比較【詞匯拓展】by/incomparisonwith…與……相比較makeacomparison

作比較compare

vt.比較，對比；將……比作compareAwithB

把A和B進行比較compareAtoB

把A比作B8.【教材原句】IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheekwhentheymeet.在法國和俄羅斯這樣的國家，朋友見面時可能會親吻臉頰?！揪涫椒治觥窟@是一個主從復(fù)合句。whentheymeet是when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句中kisssb.onthecheek親吻某人的面頰?！練w納拓展】“及物動詞＋sb.＋介詞＋the＋表示身體部位的名稱”結(jié)構(gòu)在該結(jié)構(gòu)中，若身體部位不同，所用介詞也不同，其具體用法如下：拍，打：pat，strike，hit，beat抓：catch，seize，grasp拉，牽：pull，take，holdin＋the＋柔軟的部位(如face，eye，leg等)on＋the＋堅硬的部位(如head，shoulder，back等)by＋the＋可牽拉的部位(如hand，arm，ear等)9.【教材原句】Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.在其他地區(qū),與別人見面時,人們更喜歡握手、鞠躬或點頭?！驹~匯精講】favourvt.較喜歡;選擇;有利于n.幫助;恩惠;贊同【詞匯拓展】favourdoingsth喜歡做某事asksbafavour 請某人幫忙dosbafavour=doafavourforsb幫某人忙infavourof 同意;支持;贊成inone’sfavour 有利于某人;對……有利10.

【教材原句】Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.微笑可以消除隔閡。①消除；分解；打破；②(機器或車輛)壞掉，出故障；③(討論、談判等)失敗；④(健康或精神等方面)垮掉，崩潰【歸納拓展】breakup

解散；破碎；結(jié)束breakthrough

突破；沖破breakaway(from)

脫離；逃脫breakin

強行進入；插話breakinto

強行進入(某處)；突然開始(笑、唱等)breakout

(戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)11.【教材原句】Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.而且如果我們感到沮喪或孤獨，沒有什么比看到好朋友的笑臉更好的了。【句式分析】這是一個主從復(fù)合句。本句使用了“否定詞＋比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，否定詞nothing與比較級better連用，表示最高級含義。常用的否定詞有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等(2)最高級意義的多種表達法：①否定詞＋形容詞/副詞比較級(＋than)②否定詞＋so/as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋asalltheother+名詞復(fù)數(shù)ttheother+名詞復(fù)數(shù)③比較級+than+anyother+名詞單數(shù)anyoftheother+名詞復(fù)數(shù)anything/anyoneelse12.【教材原句】Canyoudescribeasituationwhereyoumightsmilewhenyoudon’tmeanit?你能描述一個你可能不是真心微笑的情況嗎？【句式分析】這是一個主從復(fù)合句。主句是Canyoudescribeasituation，后面是where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞situation?！練w納拓展】當先行詞為表示抽象地點的名詞，如point，situation，case，stage，condition，scene，activity，position，site，spot等，后接定語從句時，若關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語，需用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。e.g.Hegotintoasituationwhereitwashardtotellwhatwasrightandwrong.他陷入一種難以分辨是非的局面?！緶剀疤崾尽?1)關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句時，可用“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”替換。e.g.Theyneedanactivitywhere(＝inwhich)theycanlearntocooperatewitheachother.他們需要一項他們能夠?qū)W習彼此合作的活動。(2)表示抽象地點的名詞后接定語從句時，如果關(guān)系詞在從句中不作狀語，而是作賓語或主語等，則關(guān)系詞不能用where，而要用that/which。e.g.Rememberthatthereisstillonepointthat/whichwemustmakeclearattheconferencetomorrow.記住在明天的會議上我們還有一點必須弄清楚。(that/which作賓語)1Fillinthetablewithdifferentformsofthewords.Refertoadictionaryifnecessary.NoneVerbAdjectiveAdverbdiffervaryrelyinteractapproveembarrassdifferencedifferentdifferentlyvarietyvariousvariouslyreliabilityreliablereliablyinteractioninteractiveinteractivelyapprovalembarrassmentembarrassedembarrassingapprovedembarrassinglyapprovinglyAffixationAffixationfallsintotwoforms,addingprefixesorsuffixes.Mostofprefixescanchangethemeaningofwords,butmanysuffixescanchangethepartofthespeech.Wewilladdsomesuffixestochangethepartofthespeech.Nounsuffix動詞＋-ion/-tion/-ation/-sion(表示動作或動作過程)動詞＋-ment(表示行為狀態(tài)、過程、手段或結(jié)果)

correct→

expect→consider→conclude→

punish→achieve→correctionexpectationconsiderationconclusionpunishmentachievement動詞＋-ance/-enceperform→

prefer→performance

preference動詞＋-ure/-turefail→

mix→failure

mixture動詞＋-al→名詞arrive→arrivalAdjectivesuffix動詞＋-ive動詞/名詞＋-able/-ible“可以（被）…的,適合…的”等。act→instruct→accept→access→名詞＋-ousdanger→mountain→activeinstructive

acceptable

accessible

dangerous

mountainousAdverbsuffix直接加-ly(表示以某種方式)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，改y為i，加-lyslow→extreme→happy→merry→去e加-lytrue→slowlyextremelyhappilymerrilytruly以le結(jié)尾的形容詞去e加-ysimple→

gentle→simplygently形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞的一般規(guī)律[即學即練]單句語法填空。1.Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomy______

(disappoint)weweredefeated．2.Intonight'sEasterspecial,theycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedelicious________(inspire)onabudget．disappointmentinspiration2Workoutthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsinthesentencesbelow.1.Irestmyheadonthedesktogetsomerest.2.Thechilddisplayedgreatinterestinthehugefireworksdisplay.

3.Moststudentsfavourtheplan,whiletheirteachersarenotinfavourofit.4.Jeremywitnessedthewholeincidentandwasexpectedtobethekeywitnessatthetrial.5.Hislackofeyecontactwhentalkingwithpeopleshowsthathelacksconfidence.6.Whenhenoticedaslightfrownonhistwinsister'sface，he

frownedaswell.

vt使依靠n休息vt展示，顯露n展覽，展示vt支持n支持，恩惠vt目睹，見證n證人n缺乏

vt缺乏n皺眉v皺眉頭Inpairs,listmorewordsofthesamekind.questionThequestionthataboiledeggcanhatchachickenisworthquestioning.bridgeIfthebridgebetweenusandelephantswerebridgedearly,theywouldn’tleavetheirhometothenorth.n.

問題vt.

懷疑；探討；詢問n.

橋梁vt.

架橋3Readthepassageaboutbodylanguage.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesinthebox.bycontrastbycomparisonbreakdow