大學(xué)英語閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案

大學(xué)英語閱讀理解練習(xí)題及答案Passage1ManypeoplewhoworkinLondonprefertoliveoutsideit,andtogointotheirofficesorschoolseverydaybytrain,carorbus,eventhoughthismeanstheyhavetogetupearlyinthemorningandreachhomelateintheevening.OneadvantageoflivingoutsideLondonisthathousesarecheaper.EvenasmallflatinLondonwithoutagardencostsquitealottorent.Withthesamemoney,onecangetalittlehouseinthecountrywithagardenofone’sown.Then,inthecountryonecanreallygetawayfromthenoiseandhurryofbusyworkinglives.Eventhoughonehastogetupearlierandspendmoretimeintrainsorbuses,onecansleepbetteratnightandduringweekendsandonsummerevenings,onecanenjoythefresh,cleanairofthecountry.Ifonelikesgarden,onecanspendone’sfreetimedigging,planting,wateringanddoingthehundredandoneotherjobswhichareneededinagarden.Then,whentheflowersandvegetablescomeup,onehasgottherewardtogetherwiththosewhohavesharedthesecretofNature.Somepeople,however,takenointerestincountrythings:forthem,happinessliesinthetown,withitscinemasandtheatres,beautifulshopsandbusystreets,dance-hallsandrestaurants.SuchpeoplewouldfeelthattheirlifewasnotworthlivingiftheyhadtoliveitoutsideLondon.Anoccasionalwalkinoneoftheparksandafortnight’s(twoweeks)visittotheseaeverysummerisallthecountrytheywant:theresttheyarequitepreparedtoleavetothosewhoaregladtogetawayfromLondoneverynight.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.PeoplewholoveNatureprefertoliveoutsidethecity.B.AllthepeoplewhoworkinLondonprefertoliveinthecountry.C.SomepeopleenjoyingcitylifeprefertoworkandliveinsideLondon.D.Manynaturelovers,thoughworkinginLondon,prefertoliveoutside.2.Withthesamemoneyneededfor________,onecanbuyalittlehousewithagardeninthecountry.A.gettingasmallflatwithagardenB.havingasmallflatwithagardenC.rentingasmallflatwithoutagardenD.buyingasmallflatwithoutagarden3.Whenthegardenisinblossom,theone________hasbeenrewarded.A.livinginthecountryB.havingspenttimeworkinginthegarden.C.havingagardenofhisown.D.havingbeendigging,plantingandwatering4.Peoplewhothinkhappinessliesinthecitylifewouldfeelthat________iftheyhadtoliveoutsideLondon.A.theirlifewasmeaninglessB.theirlifewasinvaluableC.theydidn’tdeserveahappylifeD.theywerenotworthyoftheirhappylife5.Theunderlinedphrase“getawayfrom”inthe3rdparagraphrefersto________.A.dealwithB.doawaywithC.escapefromD.preventfrom很多在倫敦工作的人喜歡住在倫敦郊外，然后每天乘火車、汽車和公交車去上班或上學(xué)。這也就意味著他們不得不早出晚歸。住在倫敦郊外的一個(gè)好處就是房子便宜。在倫敦即使是沒有花園的小公寓也需要一筆不菲的租金，用同樣的錢，你可以在郊區(qū)買一個(gè)帶花園的小房子了然后，他在鄉(xiāng)村就可以遠(yuǎn)離喧囂和忙碌的工作生活。即使他不得不起得更早，花更多的時(shí)間乘火車或公交車，但他晚上可以睡得更好。在周末和夏季的夜晚，他可以享受鄉(xiāng)村清新干凈的空氣。要是他喜歡花園，在花園里干一些想挖土、種植、澆水等許多園藝的活，那么當(dāng)鮮花和蔬菜生長起來的時(shí)候，他就與其他分享大自然秘密的人們一樣得到獎(jiǎng)賞。然而有些人對鄉(xiāng)村并不感興趣。對他們來說，幸福就在市區(qū)里，那里有電影院、劇院、漂亮的商店、繁忙的街道、舞廳和飯店。如果不得不住在倫敦郊外的話，這些人就覺得生活沒意義了。（對于那些熱愛都市生活的人來說）他們所需要的鄉(xiāng)村生活，就是偶爾去公園散步，每個(gè)夏天去海邊過上兩個(gè)星期，其他跟鄉(xiāng)村有關(guān)的東西，讓那些每天晚上都急于離開倫敦的人們（住在郊外的人們）去享受吧。【答案與解析】本文介紹在倫敦工作的人對是在市里居住還是在鄉(xiāng)下居住所持的不同看法和態(tài)度。1.B。推斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容：雖然有很多喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活，但文章最后講也有些人喜歡城市生活，從而可推知此題答案為B。2.C。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第2段第二、三句可推知此題答案為C。3.B。推斷題。根據(jù)文章第3段最后兩句可知：要是他喜歡花園，在花園里挖土、種植、澆水等等，那么當(dāng)鮮花和蔬菜生長起來的時(shí)候，他就得到了與大自然分享秘密的獎(jiǎng)賞，所以選B。4.A。推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第2句SuchpeoplewouldfeelthattheirlifewasnotworthlivingiftheyhadtoliveitoutsideLondon可推知此題答案為A。5.C。推斷題。根據(jù)其上文：這些人偶爾去公園散散步后去海邊度兩周假；本句接著說：其余的就留給那些每天晚上喜歡離開倫敦的人，那么，“其余的”顯然指“其余的鄉(xiāng)村”。從而可推知題答案為C。Passage2Bydefinition,heroesandheroinesaremenandwomendistinguishedbyuncommoncourage,achievements,andself-sacrificemademostforthebenefitsofothers-theyarepeopleagainstwhomwemeasureothers.Theyaremenandwomenrecognizedforshapingournation’sconsciousnessanddevelopmentaswellasthelivesofthosewhoadmirethem.Yet,somepeoplesaythatoursisanagewheretrueheroesandheroinesarehardtocomeby,wheretheveryideaofheroismissomethingbeyondus-anartifactofthepast.Somemaintain,thatbecausetheColdWarisoverandbecauseAmericaisatpeace,ourageisessentiallyanunheroicone.Furthermore,theoverallcrimerateisdown,povertyhasbeeneasedbyastrongandgrowingeconomy,andadvancescontinuetobemadeinmedicalscience.Culturaliconsarehardtodefine,butweknowthemwhenweseethem.Theyarepeoplewhomanagetogobeyondcelebrity,whoarelegendary,whosomehowmanagetobecomemythic,.Butwhatmakessomefiguresiconsandothersmerecelebrities?That’shardtoanswer.Inpart,theirliveshavethequalityofastorytotell.Forinstance,thebeautifulyoungDianaSpencerwhoat19marriedaprince,renouncedmarriageandthethrone,anddiedatthemomentshefoundtruelove.Goodlookscertainlyhelp.Sodoesaspecialindefinablecharm,withthehelpofthemedia.Butnothingconfirmsaniconmorethanatragicdeath—suchasMartinLutherKing,Jr.,JohnF.Kennedy,andPrincessDiana.1.Thepassagemainlydealswith________.A.lifeanddeathB.heroesandheroinesC.heroesandiconsD.iconsandcelebrities2.Heroesandheroinesareusually________.A.courageousB.goodexamplestofollowC.self-sacrificingD.alloftheabove3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?A.PovertyinAmericahasbeeneasedwiththeeconomicgrowthB.SuperstarsarefamousforbeingfamousC.One’slookcancontributetobeingfamousD.Heroesandheroinescanonlyemergeinwartimes4.BeautifulyoungDianaSpencerfoundhergenuinelove________.A.whenshewas19B.whenshebecameaprincessC.justbeforeherdeathD.aftershegavebirthtoaprince5.Whatismorelikelytosetanicon’sstatus?A.Goodlooks.B.Tragicandearlydeath.C.Personalattraction.D.Thequalityofone’sstory.就定義而言，英雄之所以與眾不同是因?yàn)樗麄冇蟹欠驳挠職?、取得了卓著的成就、常常為他人的利益而做出犧牲——他們是我們評價(jià)別人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。他們是大家公認(rèn)的對我們國家意識(shí)的形成和我們國家的發(fā)展，還有對他們的崇拜者的一生起了重大作用的人?？墒?，有人說，我們的時(shí)代是很難出現(xiàn)真正英雄的時(shí)代，英雄主義這一概念本身我們就難以理解——它已經(jīng)成為歷史。有些人堅(jiān)持說，由于冷戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束和美國對外的和睦，我們的時(shí)代本質(zhì)上不是一個(gè)英勇豪壯的時(shí)代。更進(jìn)一步地說，總體犯罪率正在降低，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展與增長已經(jīng)緩解了貧困，醫(yī)療科學(xué)也在不斷的進(jìn)步。給文化偶像下定義就更難了，但是我們看到他們就認(rèn)識(shí)了他們。他們超越了名流，成為傳奇式人物，甚至在某種程度上已是神話式的人物。但究竟是哪些因素使有些人成為偶像，另一些人僅成了名流呢？這就太難說了。部分原因是他們的生平帶有傳奇故事的色彩。比如說，年輕貌美的戴安娜·史賓塞，19歲時(shí)嫁給了王子，放棄了婚姻與王權(quán)，卻在找到真愛的那一刻死去了。漂亮的長相當(dāng)然有用，另外，在媒體的炒作下某種難以描述的、特殊的個(gè)人魅力也起作用。然而悲劇性地過早離開這個(gè)世界，卻是造成偶像最重要的因素——例如：小馬丁·路德·金、約翰·F·肯尼迪和戴安娜。Passage3Shynessisthecauseofmuchunhappinessforagreatmanypeople.Shypeopleareanxiousandself-conscious;thatis,theyareexcessivelyconcernedwiththeirwonappearanceandactions.Worrisomethoughtsareconstantlyoccurringintheirminds:whatkindofimpressionamImaking？Dotheylikeme?DoIsoundstupid?AmIwearingunattractiveclothes?Itisobviousthatsuchuncomfortablefeelingsmustnegativelyaffectpeople.Aperson’sconceptionofhimselforherselfisreflectedinthewayheorshebehaves,andthewayapersonbehavesaffectsotherpeople’sreactions.Ingeneral,thewaypeoplethinkaboutthemselveshasaprofoundeffectonallareasoftheirlives.’Shypeople,havinglowself-esteem,arelikelytobepassiveandeasilyinfluencedbyothers.Theyneedreassurancethattheyaredoing“therightthing.”Shypeopleareverysensitivetocriticism;theyfeelitconfirmstheirfeelingsofinferiority.Theyalsofinditdifficulttobepleasedbycomplimentwithastatementlikethisone,“You’rejustsayingthattomakemefeelgood.Iknowit’snottrue.”Itisclearthatwhileself-awarenessisahealthyquality,overdoingitisharmful.Canshynessbecompletelyeliminated,oratleastreduced?Fortunately,peoplecanovercomeshynesswithdeterminedandpatienteffortsinbuildingself-confidence.Sinceshynessgoeshandinhandwithalackofself-esteem,itisimportantforpeopletoaccepttheirweaknessesaswellastheirstrengths.Eachoneofusisaunique,worthwhileindividual,interestedinourownpersonalways.Thebetterweunderstandourselves,theeasieritbecomestoliveuptoourfullpotential.Let’snotallowshynesstoblockourchancesforarichandfulfillinglife.1.Whatdoestheauthortrytoprovebyciting“whatkindofimpressionamImaking?”A.Shypeoplebenefitfromtheircaringabouttheirappearance.B.People’sshynessmadethemcaretoomuchabouttheirappearanceandactions.C.It’snaturalthatshypeopledon’tbelieveother’scompliments.D.Shypeoplethinktheyaredifferentfromothers.2.Accordingtothewriter,self-awarenessis________.A.agoodqualityB.thecauseofunhappinessC.harmfultopeopleD.aweakpointofshypeople3.Whenbeingpraised,shypeoplefeelthatitis________.A.goodB.unrealC.veryreasonableD.harmful4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ShynesshelpsustodevelopourpotentialB.ShynessenablesustounderstandourselvesbetterC.ShynesscanblockourchancesforarichlifeD.Shynesshasnothingtodowithlackofself-esteem5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatshypeople________.A.shouldfindmoreoftheirweaknessB.shouldunderstandthemselvesintherightwayC.hadbetterignoretheirweaknessD.cangetridoftheirshynesswhilemaintaininglowself-esteem參考譯文：害羞是由于在眾人面前感覺不自在而引發(fā)的。害羞的人容易焦慮，自我意識(shí)強(qiáng)，他們過分在意自己的外表和行為。他們頭腦里常有這樣不安的想法：我給別人留下了怎樣的印象？別人喜歡我嗎？我是否聽起來很蠢？我穿的衣服難看嗎？顯而易見，這些不適的感覺對人有負(fù)面影響。一個(gè)人的自我認(rèn)識(shí)體現(xiàn)在他/她的言行舉止上，這些行為影響著他人對此作出反映?？傮w來說，人們對自身的看法深刻影響到他們生活的方方面面。害羞的人往往自信不足，常常被動(dòng)，易受他人影響。他們需要有相信自己的心態(tài)，認(rèn)識(shí)到自己所做的是正確的。害羞的人對批評意見比較敏感。他們感到自卑意識(shí)由此增強(qiáng)。害羞的人難以取悅。他們會(huì)說這樣的話：“你說那些是讓我高興，其實(shí)我知道我沒那么好?！憋@然，自我意識(shí)是一種良好的品質(zhì)，過份的自我意識(shí)就不好了。害羞能夠消除或至少減輕嗎？當(dāng)然。只要人們堅(jiān)定耐心地培養(yǎng)自信就可克服害羞。既然害羞源自缺乏自信，人們應(yīng)該在看到自己長處的同時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)自己的短處。每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)特的，有價(jià)值的個(gè)體，有自己的行為方式。我們對自己了解越多，我們就越能發(fā)揮自己的潛能。不要讓害羞妨礙我們享受豐富的人生。1.一段第—二句話提到“害羞的人很緊張和敏感，他們對于自己的外表和行為過分關(guān)心?！彼赃xB為正確答案。2．[答案]A。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句，可知自我意識(shí)是—種好的品質(zhì)，所以選A。選項(xiàng)C有干擾性，過度的自我意識(shí)是有害的，而不是說自我意識(shí)是有害的。3．[答案]B。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段第五句。4.[答案]C。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)文中最后一句“我們不應(yīng)該讓害羞阻礙我們過豐富的有價(jià)值的生活?！笨芍_答案是C。5．[答案]B。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。第五段第二句話提到，“我們越了解自己就越越容易發(fā)揮自己的潛質(zhì)。”可以推斷出我們應(yīng)該正確了解自己，所以選B。Passage4Whatmakesapersonascientist?Doeshehavewaysortoolsoflearningthataredifferentfromthoseofothers?Theansweris“no”.Itisnotthetoolsascientistusesbuthowheusesthesetoolsthatmakeshimascientist.Youwillprobablyagreethatknowinghowtouseapowerisimportanttoacarpenter.Youwillprobablyagree,too,thatknowinghowtoinvestigate,howtodiscoverinformation,isimportanttoeveryone.Thescientist,however,goesonestepfurther,hemustbesurethathehasareasonableanswertohisquestionsandthathisanswercanbeconfirmedbyotherpersons.Healsoworkstofittheanswershegetstomanyquestionsintoalargesetofideasabouthowtheworldworks.Thescientist’sknowledgemustbeexact.Thereisnoroomforhalfrightorrightjusthalfthetime.Hemustbeasnearlyrightastheconditionspermit.Whatworksunderonesetofconditionsatonetimemustworkunderthesameconditionsatothertimes.Iftheconditionsaredifferent,anychangesthescientistobservesinademonstrationmustbeexplainedbythechangesintheconditions.Thisisonereasonthatinvestigationsareimportantinscience.AlbertEinstein,whodevelopedthetheoryofrelativity,arrivedatthistheorythroughmathematics.Theaccuracyofhismathematicswaslatertestedthroughinvestigations.Einstein’sideaswereshowntobecorrect.Ascientistusesmanytoolsformeasurements.Thenthemeasurementsareusedtomakemathematicalcalculationsthatmaytesthisinvestigations.1.Whatmakesascientistaccordingtothepassage?A.Thetoolsheuses.B.Thewayheuseshistools.C.Hiswaysoflearning.D.Thevarioustoolsheuses.2.“Thescientist,however,goesonestepfurther…”.Theauthorsaysthistoshow________.A.theimportanceofinformationB.theimportanceofthinkingC.thedifferencebetweenscientistsandordinarypeopleD.thedifferencebetweencarpentersandpeoplewithotherjobs3.Asoundscientifictheoryshouldbeonethat________.A.worksnotonlyunderonesetofconditionsatonetime,butalsounderthesameconditionsatothertimesB.doesnotallowanychangesevenunderdifferentconditionsC.canbeusedformanypurposesD.leavenoroomforimprovement4.TheauthorquotesthecaseofAlbertEinsteintoillustrate________.A.themeasurementsarekeystosuccessinscienceB.thataccuracyofmathematicsC.thattheinvestigationsareimportantinscienceD.thatthemathematicalcalculationsmaytesthisinvestigations5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thetheoryofrelativity.B.Exactnessisthecoreofscience.C.Scientistsaredifferentfromordinarypeople.D.Exactnessandwaysofusingtoolsarethekeystothemakingofascientist.是什么使一個(gè)普通人成為科學(xué)家？他有與從不同的學(xué)習(xí)方法和工具嗎？答案是否定的。不是因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)家使用的工具，而是因?yàn)樗褂霉ぞ叩姆椒ㄊ顾蔀榭茖W(xué)家。你也許認(rèn)同怎么用力對一名木匠來說很重要。你也許也認(rèn)同怎么研究調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)信息對每個(gè)人來說都很重要。然而，科學(xué)家比這更進(jìn)一步，他必須確定他對自己的問題得出了一個(gè)合理的答案，并且他的答案通過別人也可以得到證實(shí)。他同時(shí)把自己得出的許多答案歸結(jié)為一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的關(guān)于世界如何運(yùn)作的觀點(diǎn)?？茖W(xué)家的知識(shí)必須很確切。不能給半錯(cuò)半對或者只有一半機(jī)會(huì)對的情況留任何空間。他必須在條件允許的情況下盡可能正確。在一種條件下成功一次的話必須在同樣的條件下都能成功。如果條件不同，科學(xué)家在證明過程中觀察到的任何變化都必須解釋他的條件是如何變化的。這是關(guān)于調(diào)查研究在科學(xué)研究中十分重要的其中一個(gè)理由。愛因斯坦通過數(shù)學(xué)方法提出了相對論。他的數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)用的正確性被后人通過調(diào)查研究的方法證實(shí)該理論是正確的。一個(gè)科學(xué)家會(huì)用很多工具來測量。測量的結(jié)果用來進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算，再進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究的測試。Acitymanwasonholidayinthemountains.Hetalkedwithamountainmanandfoundthatthemanwasstupid.Sohesuggestedtheyplayagame.“We'llaskeachotherquestions,”hesaid,“andthepersonwillpayadollarifhecan'tansweronequestion.”Themountainmanthoughtaboutthisforafewminutes,thensaidthatthecitymanpaidadollarandhepaidonly50cents.Thecitymanagreed.“Whathasthreelegsandcanfly?”askedthemountainman.Thecitymanthoughtawhile,thenanswered“Idon'tknow.Hereisyourdollar.”Thenheaskedthesamequestion:“Whathasthreelegsandcanfly?”“Idon'tknow,either,”saidthemountainman.“Hereisyour50cents.”1.Acitymanwasonholiday________.A.inafarawayplaceB.onthehighhillsC.inacityD.inavillage2.Thecitymanfoundthemountainmanwas________.A.notcleverB.onthehighhillsC.cleverD.strong3.Thecitymansaid,“We'll________.”A.fighteachotherB.helpeachotherC.askeachotherquestionsD.lookateachother4.Themountainman________.A.knewtheanswerhimselfB.didn'tknowtheanswerhimselfC.toldtheanswertothecitymanD.didn'twanttotellthecitymantheanswer5.Atlast________.A.thecitymangotonedollarB.thecitymangot50centsC.themountainmangotonedollarD.themountainmangot50centsLookattheinstructionsonthebottleofthemedicineandthenchoosetherightanswers.Johnistwelveyearsold.Hehadabadcoldandcougheddayandnight.Hewenttoseeadoctor.Thedoctorgavehimsomecoughmedicine.CoughMedicineShake(搖動(dòng))itwellbeforeuse.Takeitthreetimeseachdaybeforemeals.Dose(藥量):Age:over142teaspoonfuls(勺)8—131teaspoonful4—71／2teaspoonfulNotrightforchildrenbelowtheageofthree.Putitinacoldplace.UseitbeforeDecember1st2002.1.Johnshouldtake________aday.A.2teaspoonfulsB.3teaspoonfulsC.4teaspoonfulsD.1teaspoonful2.Themedicineshouldbekeptin________.A.afridgeB.hotwaterC.anyplaceD.thesun3.Johnshould________beforehetakesit.A.shakethemedicinewellB.eatnothingC.dosomeexerciseD.drinkacupoftea4.Whenpeopleare________yearsold,theycannottakethismedicine.A.eightyB.thirtyC.twoD.twelve5.Johnwill________themedicinewhenitisleftafter,2002.A.throwawayB.stoptotakeC.takeonceD.takesixtimesmore【答案與解析】約翰病了，咳嗽得很厲害。醫(yī)生給他開了些藥?？人运幧险f明書的內(nèi)容主要包括了藥品的服用方法、藥量、貯存條件以及保質(zhì)期等。1.B。根據(jù)“Johnistwelveyearsold.”和“8—131teaspoonful”可知B為正確答案。2.A?！癙utitinacoldplace.”是本題答案的依據(jù)。3.A。答案就在“Shake(搖動(dòng))itwellbeforeuse.”中。4.C。由“Notrightforchildrenbelowtheageofthree”這句話可知，此藥不適用于三歲以下的兒童。5.A。本說明的最后一句說的是此藥品的保質(zhì)期。答案顯然為A。InEngland,peopleoftentalkabouttheweatherbecausetheycanexperiencefourseasonsinoneday.Inthemorningtheweatheriswarmjustlikespring.Anhourlaterblackcloudscomeandthenitrainhard.Theweathergetsalittlecold.Inthelateafternoontheskywillbesunny,thesunwillbegintoshine,anditwillbesummeratthistimeofaday.InEngland,peoplecanalsohavesummer.Soinwintertheycanswimsometimes,andinsummersometimestheyshouldtakewarmclothes.WhenyougotoEngland,youwillseethatsomeEnglishpeopleusuallytakeanumbrellaoraraincoatwiththeminthesunnymorning,butyoushouldnotlaughatthem.Ifyoudon’ttakeanumbrellaoraraincoat,youwillregretlaterintheday.1.WhydopeopleinEnglandoftentalkabouttheweather?A.Becausetheymayhavefourseasonsinoneday.B.Becausetheyoftenhaveverygoodweather.C.Becausetheweatheriswarmjustlikeinspring.D.Becausetheskyissunnyallday.2.Fromthestoryweknowthat________comeandthenthereisaheavyrain.A.sunshineandsnowB.blackcloudsC.summerandwinterD.springandautumn3.“Peoplecanalsohavesummerinwinter”means“Itissometimes________inwinter.”A.warmB.coolC.coldD.rainy4.InthesunnymorningsomeEnglishpeopleusuallytakearaincoatoranumbrellawiththembecause________.A.theirfriendsaskthemtodoso.B.itoftenrainsinEnglandC.theyaregoingtosellthemD.theyaretheirfavoritethings5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis________.A.BadSeasonB.SummerorWinterC.TheWeatherinEnglandD.StrangeEnglishPeopleLong,longagotherewasnozero.Towritethenumbersixty-threepeoplewrote63.Towritesixhundredandthree,peoplewrote63.Thespacebetweensixandthreewastheretomean."notany"tens.Sometimespeopledidnotrememberthespace.Itwashardtoseeandread.Laterpeopleusedadottoholdthespace.Sixhundredandthreelookedlikethis.Butthedotwashardtosee.Sopeopleputacirclearounditlikethis6⊙3.Thenpeoplecouldseethedot.Theyrememberedthespace.Atlast,onlythecirclearoundthedotwasused.Itwaslikeazero.Thisisonestoryofhowthezerocametobeused.Nowzerohasmanyimportantuses.Zerotellshowmany.Canyoutellsomeotherwaysofusingzero?1.Long,longagopeopledidn’tknowhowto________.A.writeB.writezeroC.writenumbersD.writesixty-three2.Long,longagoiftheywrotetwohundred-eight,peoplewrote________.A.28B.28C.228D.2083.Later________wasusedtomeanspace.A."notany"B.letter"0"C.zeroD.adot4.Peopleusedcircles________.A.torememberwaysB.toremembernumbersC.nottoforgetthespaceD.tomeannothing5.Thestorytellsus________.A.howzerocametobeusedB.howtowritezeroC.what’stheuseofzeroD.thatzeromeansadot,acircleorspaceIoftendreamedaboutPisawhenIwasaboy.IreadaboutthefamousbuildingcalledtheLeaningTowerofPisa.ButwhenIreadthewordPisa,Iwasthinkingofpizza.Ithoughtthistowerwasaplacetobuypizza.Itmustbethebestplacetobuypizzaintheworld,Ithought.ManyyearslaterfinallysawtheLeaningTower.IknewthenthatiswasPisaandnopizza.Buttherewasstillsomethingspecialaboutitforme.Thetowergotitsnamebecauseitreallydoesleantooneside.Somepeoplewanttotrytofixit.Theyareafraiditmayfalloverandtheydon’tlikethatitleansoverthecity.Idonotthinkit’sagoodideatotrytofixit.Thetowerprobablywillnotfalldown,itis600yearsold.Whyshouldanythinghappentoitnow?And,ifyouaskme,Ilikewhatitlookslike.Tomeitisaveryhumankindofleaning.Nothingisperfect,itseemstosay.Andwhocares?Whydopeoplewantthingstobeperfect?Imperfectthingsmaybemoreinteresting.Let’stakethetowerinPisa.Whyisitsofamous?Therearemanyotherolder,morebeautifultowersinItaly.ButPisatoweristhemostfamous.Peoplecomefromallovertheworldtoseeit.1.Thispassageisabout________.A.ItalianpizzaB.Italy’sproblemsC.howtheLeaningTowerofPisagotitsnameD.whythewriterlikesPisa2.ThewriterusedtothinkPisa________.A.inSpainB.notveryfamousC.notthesameaspizzaD.thesameaspizza3.TheLeaningTowerofPisais________.A.modernB.fallingdownC.600yearsoldD.60yearsold-4.Thewriter_______.A.doesn’tlikewhatthetowerlookslikeB.likeswhatthetowerlookslikeC.thinksit’sthemostbeautifultowerinItalyD.doesn’tliketowers5.ThewriterlikestheLeaningTowerofPisabecause_______.A.it’soldB.it’sperfectC.itsellspizzaD.it’simperfect【答案與解析】這是關(guān)于比薩斜塔的一篇雜感。作者由兒時(shí)對比薩斜塔的曲解談起，說到了自己對人們想要重新修正斜塔的看法。最后作者由此闡發(fā)感想：沒有什么東西是十全十美的。人們不應(yīng)當(dāng)事事追求完美。如比薩斜塔一樣，正因?yàn)樗牟煌昝溃盼耸澜缟媳姸嗳说哪抗狻?.C。由作者所敘述的內(nèi)容，可知該塔之所以被叫做斜塔是因?yàn)樗莾A斜的。2.D。這層意思是作者對比薩斜塔的誤解，答案在“ButwhenIreadthewordPisa,Iwasthinkingofpizza”一句中。3.C。本題屬表層理解題?！癟hetowerprobablywillnotfalldown,itis600yearsold.”是答案的出處。4.B。答案即在“And,ifyouaskme,Ilikewhatitlookslike.”中。5.D。根據(jù)“Imperfectthingsmaybemoreinteresting.”及作者所流露出的對比薩斜塔的感情可以看出他認(rèn)為缺憾也是一種美。Ifyoudonotuseyourarmsoryourlegsforsometime,theywillbecomeweak,andwhenyoustartusingthemagain,theyslowlybecomestrongagain.Everybodyknowsthat.Yetmanypeopledonotseemtoknowthatmemoryworksinthesameway.Whensomeonesaysthathehasagoodmemory,hereallymeansthathekeepshismemoryinpracticebyusingit.Whensomeoneelsesaysthathismemoryispoor,hereallymeansthathedoesnotgiveitenoughchancetobecomestrong.Ifafriendsaysthathisarmsandlegsareweak,weknowthatitishisownfault.Butifhetellsusthathehasapoormemory,manyofusthinkthathisparentsmaybeblamed,andfewofusknowthatitisjusthisownfault.Haveyoueverfoundthatsomepeoplecan'treadorwritebutusuallytheyhavebettermemories?Thisisbecausetheycannotreadorwriteandwhentheyhavetorememberthings,theycannotwritethemdowninasmallnotebook.Asaresult,theyhavetorememberdays,names,songsandstories,sotheirmemoryisbeingexercisedthewholetime.Soifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory,learnfromthepeople:practicerememberingthingsinawayasotherpeopledo.1.Someonecan'thaveagoodmemoryif________.A.hecan'treadorwriteB.hisparentshaven'tagoodmemoryC.hedoesn'tmakegooduseofhismemoryD.hedoesn'tusehisarmsorlegsforsometime標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C2.Ifyoudonotuseyourarmsorlegsforsometime,________.A.theywillbecomethinB.theywillbecomeweakC.theybegintoachealloverD.youcan'tusethemanymore標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Yourmemoryneedschanceforpractice.B.Agoodmemoryisinheritedfromparents.C.Yourmemoryworksinthedifferentwaysasyourarmsorlegs.D.Don'tlearntoreadandwriteifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A4.Fewpeopleknowthatifsomeonehasapoormemoryitis________.A.hisownfaultB.hisparents'faultC.histeachers'faultD.hisfriends'fault標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A5.Thewriterwantstotellus________.A.howtoreadandwritewellB.howtohaveagoodmemoryC.howtouseourarmsorlegsbetterD.howtolearnfromthepeoplewhocan'treadorwrite標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：BAforeigner'sfirstimpressionofthe.islikelytobethateveryoneisinarush-oftenunderpressure.Citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoingrestlessly,seekingattentioninastore,andelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirerrands(任務(wù)).Racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry.Workingtimeisconsideredprecious.Othersinpubliceatingplacesarewaitingforyoutofinishsothattheytoocanbeservedandgetbacktoworkwithinthetimeallowed.Eachpersonhurriestomakeroomforthenextperson.Ifyoudon’t,waiterswillhurryyou.Youalsofinddriverswillbeabruptandpeoplewillpushpastyou.Youwillmisssmiles,briefconversations,andsmallcourtesieswithstrangers.Don'ttakeitpersonally.Thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly,andtheyresentsomeoneelse"wasting"itbeyondacertaincourtesypoint.Theviewoftimeaffectstheimportanceweattachtopatience.IntheAmericansystemofvalues,patienceisnotahighpriority.Manyofushavewhatmightbecalled“ashortfuse.”Webegintomoverestlesslyaboutifwefeeltimeisslippingawaywithoutsomere-turnbethisintermsofpleasure,workvalue,orrest.Thosecomingfromlandswheretimeislookedupondifferentlymayfindthismatterofpacetobeoneoftheirmostdifficultadjustmentsinbothbusinessanddailylife.ManynewcomerstotheStateswillmisstheopeningcourtesyofabusinesscall,forexample,Theywillmisstheritualinteractionthatgoeswithawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeethatmaybeaconventionintheirowncountry.Theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinacaféorcoffeehouse.Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverprolongedsmalltalks.Weseekoutevidenceofpastperformanceratherthanevaluateabusinesscolleaguethroughsocialcourtesies.Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?A.Americansseemtobealwaysunderpressure.B.Americansattachlessimportancetopatience.C.Americansdon’tcaremuchaboutritualsocializing.D.Americansareimpolitetotheirbusinesscolleagues.2.Inthefourthparagraph,“ahighpriority”means________？A.alessimportantthingB.afirstconcernC.agoodbusinessD.anattractivegift3.Americansevaluateabusinesscolleague________.A.throughsocialcourtesyB.throughprolongedbusinesstalksC.byestablishingbusinessrelationsD.bylearningabouttheirpastperformance4.Thispassagemainlytalksabout________.A.howAmericanstreasuretheirtimeB.howbusyAmericansareeverydayC.howAmericansdobusinesswithforeignersD.whatAmericanwayoflifeislike5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor’stoneinwritingis________.A.criticalB.ironicalC.appreciativeD.objective一個(gè)外國人對于美國的第一印象很有可能是每個(gè)人都在壓力下匆匆忙忙。城市里的人總是表現(xiàn)得匆匆忙忙不知疲倦的，為了盡快做完一件事情，他們會(huì)在店里拼命引起店員的注意或者用胳膊肘推搡別人。白天匆忙就餐也是這個(gè)國家生活節(jié)奏的一個(gè)部分。工作時(shí)間被認(rèn)為是很珍貴的。在一些公共飲食場所，其他人會(huì)等在你旁邊等你吃完，這樣大家都可以得到服務(wù)，并趕在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)回去工作。每個(gè)人都會(huì)盡快給下一個(gè)人騰出地方。如果你不這樣，侍者會(huì)催促你的。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)司機(jī)也都很匆忙，人們從你身邊匆匆走過。你會(huì)錯(cuò)過一些微笑，簡短的交談和一些與陌生人的小禮節(jié)。不要在意，這是因?yàn)樗麄兎浅Ｕ湎r(shí)間，而且他們認(rèn)為一旦太注重這些社交禮節(jié)就是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。對時(shí)間的觀念還會(huì)影響到我們對耐心的理解。在美國價(jià)值體系中，耐心并不是首要要考慮的。我們中的很多人被稱為”短保險(xiǎn)絲”。如果我們覺得時(shí)間在毫無意義的溜走，既沒有娛樂價(jià)值，工作價(jià)值，也不在休息，那就會(huì)開始不停地徘徊。那些來自時(shí)間觀念不同的國家的人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在商業(yè)和日常生活中最困難的就是對時(shí)間節(jié)奏的適應(yīng)。許多剛到美國來的人都會(huì)想念他們在商業(yè)會(huì)談中一些開場禮節(jié)。舉個(gè)例子，他們會(huì)想念因歡迎你到來而泡的一杯茶或咖啡這樣的社交禮儀，這在他們國家是常規(guī)禮儀。他們會(huì)想念在咖啡屋悠閑的會(huì)談。而通常，美國人不會(huì)與來訪者在這么悠閑的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行一些冗長的小會(huì)談。對于同事，我們總是看他過去的表現(xiàn)而不是與他的社交禮儀。因?yàn)槲覀円话愣际歉⒅貙?/p>