給排水專業(yè)英語匯總

UNIT1給水工程watersupplyengineering排水工程sewetageengineering市政工程civilengineering市政工程師civilengineer環(huán)境工程environmentalengineering水文學(xué)hydrology水力學(xué)hydranlies水環(huán)境naturalaquaticenvironment流域watershed水體waterbody地表水surfacewater新鮮水freshwater地下水groundwater含水層aquifer天然含水層naturalaquifer地下含水層undergroundaquifer水文循環(huán)naturalhydrologiccycle滲濾infiltration降水precipitation滲入precolation蒸發(fā)evaporation蒸騰transpiration城市水文循環(huán)urbanhydrologiccycle水源watersource水資源waterresource取水waterwithdrawal水處理watertreatment配水waterdistribution用水wateruse污水wastewater廢水a(chǎn)bwasser廢水收集wastewatercollection廢水處理wastewaterdisposal受納水體receivingwaters污染pollutionpollute污染物pollntant玷污、污染contamination致污物contaminant未污染uncontaminated水污染waterpollution水污染控制waterpollutioncontrol水污染防治waterpollutionprevention污水回用wastewaterreuseUNIT2水短缺waterscarcity地表水資源surfacewaterresource管網(wǎng)PipeNetwork供水系統(tǒng)watersupplysystem市政配水系統(tǒng)municipaldistributionsystem建筑給水系統(tǒng)housewatersupplysystem分區(qū)供水系統(tǒng)dualdistributionsystem小區(qū)microdistrict小社區(qū)smallcommunity冷水供水系統(tǒng)coldwatersupplysystem熱水供水系統(tǒng)hotwatersupplysystem消防系統(tǒng)fireprotectionsystem噴淋系統(tǒng)fireprotectionsprinklersystem自動(dòng)水幕系統(tǒng)automaticdrenchersystem半自動(dòng)水幕系統(tǒng)semiautomaticdrenchersystem消火栓hydrant排水系統(tǒng)drainagesystem生活排水系統(tǒng)sanitarysystem工業(yè)排水系統(tǒng)industrialsystem雨水排水系統(tǒng)stormwatersystem合流制combinedsewers分流制separatesewers建筑排水系統(tǒng)buildingdrainagesystem衛(wèi)生潔具plumbingfixtures衛(wèi)浴設(shè)備bathroomfixtures輸水系統(tǒng)watertransmissionsystem漏水率leakagerate配水系統(tǒng)waterdistributionsystem環(huán)狀管網(wǎng)gridsystem支狀管網(wǎng)branchingsystem下水管道sanitarysewer污水節(jié)流管interceptingsewer污水節(jié)流系統(tǒng)interceptingsewersystem污水節(jié)流井sewageinterceptingcell支管collectionsewercollectorsewer生活污水sanitarysewagedomesticsewagedomesticwastewater工業(yè)污水industrialwastewater工業(yè)污水/液/物industrialwastes農(nóng)業(yè)用水a(chǎn)griculturalwastewater/wastes雨水rainwaterstormwater水位waterlevel海拔、標(biāo)高elevation坡度grade傾斜度slope明渠Openchannel開挖excavation深度excavationdepth水力分析hydraulicanalysis水頭pressurehead總水頭totalheadUnit3水頭損失Headloss速度頭動(dòng)壓頭Velocityhead靜壓Statichead摩擦水頭Frictionhead水力坡度線Hydranlicgradeline重力流Gravityflow水塔Watercastle貯水箱Cistern泵站Pumpstation給水泵站W(wǎng)aterpumpstation污水泵站Sewagestation提升泵站Liftpumpingplant增壓泵Boosterpump離心泵Centrifugalpump潛水泵Submersiblepump潛水艇Submerine深井泵Wellpump虹吸虹吸管Siphon人孔Manhole法蘭Flange閥門Valve閘閥Gatevalve泵送系統(tǒng)Pumpingsystem流量Flowrate流速Fluidvelocity層流Laminarflow滯流粘性流viscousflow過渡流Transitionalflow湍流Turbulentflow紊流Turbulenceflow渦流Eddyingflow雷諾數(shù)Teynoldsnumber水質(zhì)Waterguality水源Watersources供水水源Watersupples原水Rawwater未處理水Untreatedwater出水Finishedwater原水水質(zhì)Raw-waterquality水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Waterqualitystandards水質(zhì)要求Waterqualityrequirements飲用水Drinkwater\potablewater自來水Tapwater純水Purewater飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Drinkingwaterstandards飲用水一級(jí)標(biāo)Primarydrinkingwaterstandards最大允許濃度Maxmumpermissiblelevelsmaxmumallowablelevels最大污染物濃度Maxmumcontaminantlevels主要污染物Primarycontaminants有機(jī)化合物Organicchemicals合成有機(jī)化合物Syntheticorganicchemicals揮發(fā)性有機(jī)化合物Volatileorganicohemicals無機(jī)化合物Inorganicchemical微生物Microorganisms\microbes微生物污染Microbialcontaminants病原微生物Pathogenicmicroorganisms病原體Pathogenic病毒Pathogenicbacterin細(xì)菌Bacteria大腸桿菌Coliformbacteria病毒Viruses藻類Algae濁度Turbidity放射性Radionuclide感官性狀Estheticqualities審美Esthetic味Taste嗅Odo色Colour變色Discolouration變色Discolor水質(zhì)物理參數(shù)Physicalparametersofwaterquality水的物理性質(zhì)Physicalqualityofwater濁度值Turbidityvalues濁度單位Turdidityunit渾濁單位Turdid嗅閾值Thresholdodornumber化學(xué)性質(zhì)Chemicalquality水質(zhì)化學(xué)參數(shù)Chemicalparametersofwaterquality溶解氧Dissolvedoxygen(DO)溶解氧濃度Dolevel溶解氧平衡Dobalance氧損Oxygendepletion有機(jī)污染物Organicpollutant生化需氧量Biochemicaloxygendemand(BOD)總氮Totalnitrogen(TN)總凱式氮TotalKjeldahlnitrogen(TKN)懸浮固體Suspendedsolids(SS)總懸浮固體Totalsuspendedsolids(TSS)溶解Dissolved(DS)總?cè)芙釺otaldissolved(TDS)Unit4溶解的鐵和錳Dissolvedironandmanganese硬度Hardness堿度Alkalinity鹽度Salinity有害物質(zhì)Toxicandhazardousmaterials氰化物Cyanides急性毒性Acutetoxity慢性毒性Chronictoxity基因毒性Genetictoxicity基因Gene難降解有機(jī)化合物Refractoryorganicchemicals永久性有機(jī)污染物Persistentorganicpollutants致癌化學(xué)性Carcinogenicchemicals三鹵甲烷Trihalomethanes鹵素Halogen甲基Methyl氯仿Trichloromethane三氯甲烷Chloroform殺蟲劑農(nóng)藥Pesticide害蟲Pest殺蟲劑Insecticide除草劑Herbicide殺菌劑Germicide細(xì)菌Germ防腐劑Preservative保證Preserve清洗劑Cleaningagent洗滌劑Detergent發(fā)泡劑Foamingagent泡沫Foam化肥Fertilizer肥沃的Fertile富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化Eutrophication營(yíng)養(yǎng)的Trophic營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平Trophiclevel生態(tài)位NicheUnit5原污水Rawsewage原廢水Rawwastes處理水Treatedwastes回用水Redaimedwater水處理過程Waterprocessing收集Collect處置Dispose處理方法Treatmentmethod處理費(fèi)用Treatmentcosts處理單元Treatmentprocess運(yùn)行模式Operationalmode間歇處理方式Batchtreatmentapproach均勻均化Equalization均勻Equalize調(diào)蓄水池Equalizationstorage調(diào)節(jié)池Equalizationtank蓄水池Storagetank降解Degrade分解Decompose分離Separate隔離Separation物理法Physicalprocess物理處理Physicaltreatment物理處理過程Physicaltreatmentprocess一級(jí)處理Primarytreatment初步處理Preliminarytreatment格柵篩濾Screening格柵Screen格柵Barscreen柵條Bars鋼柵條Steelbars渣耙Cleaningrakes圓形破碎機(jī)Circulargrinder破碎Grind除砂Degritting砂Grit沙Sand除砂Gritremoval沉砂池Gritchamber沉淀Settling沉淀池Settlingtank澄清池Clarifier初澄清池Primaryclarifier初沉池Primarysettlingtank一級(jí)出水Primaryeffluent二級(jí)處理Secondarytreatment二級(jí)處理工藝Secondarytreatmentprocess生物處理Biologicaltreatment二澄清池Secondaryclarifier二沉池Secondarysettlingtank最終澄清池Finalclarifier最終沉淀池Finalsettlingtank二級(jí)出水Secondaryeffluent三級(jí)處理Tertiarytreatment深度處理Advancedtreatment廢水消毒W(wǎng)astedisinfection出流出水Effluentflow允許濃度Allowablelevels優(yōu)異出水High-qualitypolishedeffluent廢水處理廠Wastewatertreatmentplant污水處理廠Sewagetreatmentplant二級(jí)處理廠Secondarytreatmentplant城市污水處理Municipalwastewatertreatment市政工程Municipalengineering土木工程Civilengineering城市污水處理廠Municipalwastewatertreatmentplant污水處理能力Sewagetreatmentcapacity電容Capacitance污水處理設(shè)施Municipaltreatmentfacilities多反應(yīng)器設(shè)施Multi-reactorfacility處理池Treatmenttank負(fù)荷Load負(fù)荷Loadings水力負(fù)荷Hydrauticloading污染負(fù)荷Pollutantload有機(jī)負(fù)荷Organicload無機(jī)負(fù)荷Inorganicload不含化肥、農(nóng)藥無機(jī)的Unorganic周期性負(fù)荷Periodic(intermitlent)loading第五部分：物化處理1．混凝n.coagulation混凝過程coagulationprocess化學(xué)混凝chemicalcoagulation凝聚n.aggregation絮凝n.flocculationv.flocculate異向絮凝perikineticflocculation同向絮凝orthokineticflocculation混凝劑n.coagulant混凝劑投量coagulantdosage燒杯實(shí)驗(yàn)jartest最佳混凝劑投量optimumcoagulantdosage助凝劑coagulantaid助凝劑flocculationaid聚電解質(zhì)n.polyelectrolytes快速混合flash-mix,rapid-mix快速混合器flashmixer,rapidmixer混合池mixertank快速混合池flash-mixtank絮凝器n.flocculator絮凝池flocculationtank固體接觸池solids-contacttank澄清n.clarificationv.clarify澄清池n.clarifier高負(fù)荷澄清池highrateclarifier澄清水clarifyingwater2．沉淀n.sedimentation沉降n.sedimentation自由沉降plainsettling擁擠沉降hinderedsettling重力沉降gravitysettling沉淀池settlingtank沉淀池，沉降池sedimentationtank矩形沉淀池rectangularsettlingtank圓形沉淀池circularsettlingtank管式沉淀池tubesettler斜管沉淀池steeplyinclinedtubesettler板式沉淀池parallel-platesettler板式沉淀池plateseparator氣浮n.floatation泡沫分離foamseparation溶氣氣浮dissolved-airfloatation氣浮池floatationtank表面撇渣裝置surface-skimmingdevice撇去v.skim浮渣n.scum浮渣槽scumtrough刮泥機(jī)sludgescraper排泥sludgedrawoffsludgewithdrawal預(yù)沉淀n.presedimentation預(yù)沉淀池presedimentationbasin3．過濾n.filtration濾池n.filter慢濾池slowfilter快濾池rapidfilter高速（負(fù)荷）濾池highratefilter砂濾池sandfilter慢砂濾池slowsandfilter快砂濾池rapidsandfilter重力濾池gravityfilter壓力濾池pressurefilter過濾介質(zhì)，濾料filtermedium石英砂silicasand無煙煤n.anthracite硅藻土diatomaceousearth煤—砂濾床coal-sandbeds多層濾料multilayeredmedia混合濾料mixedmedia雙層濾料濾池dualmediafilter雙層濾池two-layerfilter粗濾料coarsemedia細(xì)濾料finemedia助濾劑filteraid濾后水，濾出水filteredwater濾后水，濾池出水filtereffluent濾前水，濾池進(jìn)水filterinfluent濁度穿透turbiditybreakthrough過濾周期filtercycle清洗周期cleaningcycle刮砂法scrapingmethod表面刮砂surfacescraping反沖洗backwashing水力反沖洗hydraulicbackwashing水力反沖洗hydraulicbackwash水力分級(jí)hydraulicgrading4．消毒n.disinfectionv.disinfect消毒劑n.disinfectantdisinfectionagent殺菌劑n.germicide消毒過程disinfectionprocess消毒副產(chǎn)物disinfectionby-products氯化n.chlorinationv.chlorinate氯化水chlorinatedwater預(yù)氯化n.prechlorination氯化消毒副產(chǎn)物by-productsofchlorination化學(xué)消毒劑chemicaldisinfectants液氯liquidchlorine,liquefiedchlorine氯胺n.chloramines次氯酸鹽hypochlorites次氯酸鈉sodiumhypochlorite二氧化氯chlorinedioxide臭氧n.ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒n.ozonation臭氧化v.ozonate紫外線(UV)ultravioletradiation(UV)伽馬射線gammaradiation滅活n.inactivationv.inactivate接觸時(shí)間contacttime需氯量chlorinedemand加氯量，投氯量chlorinedosage,appliedchlorine自由氯，游離氯freechlorine,freeavailablechlorine化合氯combinedchlorine剩余保護(hù)residualprotection余氯residualchlorine余氯量chlorineresidual自由余氯freeresidualchlorine自由氯余量freechlorineresidual化合余氯combinedresidualchlorine化合氯余量combinedchlorineresiduals折點(diǎn)氯化（法）breakpointchlorination折點(diǎn)氯化曲線breakpointchlorinationcurve折點(diǎn)加氯量breakpointdosage氯折點(diǎn)chlorinebreakpoint壓力鋼瓶pressuredsteelcylinder臭氧發(fā)生器ozonegenerator需臭氧量ozonedemand剩余臭氧量ozoneresidual剩余臭氧residualozone致病微生物，病源微生物pathogenicmicroorganisms病原體n.pathogens致病細(xì)菌或病毒pathogenicbacteriaorviruses細(xì)菌n.bacteria大腸桿菌coliformbacteria阿米巴氏菌amoebiccysts孢子，芽孢n.spores病毒n.viruses藻類n.algae原生動(dòng)物n.protozoa5．氧化n.oxidation還原n.reduction氧化劑n.oxidant強(qiáng)氧化劑strongoxidizingagent高級(jí)氧化法(AOP)advancedoxidationprocess高級(jí)氧化工藝(AOP)advancedoxidationprocess高級(jí)氧化過程(AOP)advancedoxidationprocess高級(jí)氧化技術(shù)(AOT)advancedoxidationtechnology6．吸附n.adsorption活性炭(AC)activatedcarbon粉末炭(PAC)powderedactivatedcarbon粒狀炭(GAC)granularactivatedcarbon顆?；钚蕴?GAC)granularactivatedcarbon活性炭纖維(ACF)activatedcarbonfiber再生n.regenerationv.regenerate吸附劑n.adsorbent吸附質(zhì)n.adsorbate吸附塔，吸附柱adsorptioncolumn吸附床adsorptionbed空床接觸時(shí)間emptybedcontacttime吸附帶masstransferzone快速小柱試驗(yàn)rapidsmallscalecolumntest生物活性炭(BAC)biologicalactivatedcarbon7．離子交換n.ionexchange離子交換樹脂ionexchangeresin離子交換器ionexchanger離子交換柱ionexchangecolumn硬度n.hardness除硬hardnessremoval軟化n.softeningv.soften化學(xué)軟化chemicalsoftening沉淀軟化precipitationsoftening除鹽，脫鹽n.desaltinationv.desalt去礦化n.demineralizationv.demineralize離子交換軟化法ionexchangesofteningprocess離子交換除鹽法ionexchangedesaltingprocess復(fù)床combinedbed混合床mixedbed8．膜分離membraneseparation微濾n.microfiltration超濾n.hyperfiltration納濾n.nanofiltration反滲透reverseosmosis滲透n.osmosis半透膜semipermeablemembrane電滲析n.electrodialysis滲析n.dialysis9．其它處理方法中和n.neutralizationv.neutralize酸性廢水a(chǎn)cidicwastes化學(xué)沉淀chemicalprecipitation沉淀軟化precipitationsoftening電解n.electrolysis電除鹽(EDI)n.electrodeionization吹脫、汽提法n.stripping冷卻n.cooling冷卻水coolingwater冷卻塔coolingtower第六部分生物處理生物反應(yīng)器n.bioreactor微生物n.microorganismsmicrobes微生物種群microbialpopulation混合群落mixedcommunities細(xì)菌n.bacteria原生動(dòng)物n.protozoa真菌n.fungi輪蟲n.rotifers生長(zhǎng)n.growth繁殖n.reproduction世代時(shí)間generationtime生長(zhǎng)速率growthrates環(huán)境因子environmentalfactors生態(tài)因子ecologicalfactors微生物生長(zhǎng)動(dòng)力學(xué)microbialgrowthkinetics遲滯期lagphase對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期exponential-growthphase減速生長(zhǎng)期declinggrowthphase穩(wěn)定期stationaryphase4.內(nèi)源呼吸階段endogenousstage內(nèi)源生長(zhǎng)期endogenousgrowthphase內(nèi)源呼吸endogenousrespiration底物，基質(zhì)n.substrate底物（基質(zhì)）利用substrateutilization生物量n.biomass生物反應(yīng)biologicalreaction生物氧化biologicaloxidation生物降解n.biodegradation生物降解性n.biodegradability生物可降解的，可生物降解的a.biodegradable不可生物降解的a.nonbiodegradable生物處理biologicaltreatment廢水生物處理biologicalwastewatertreatment廢水生物處理系統(tǒng)biologicalwastewatertreatmentsystem污水生物處理系統(tǒng)biologicalsewagetreatmentsystem生物處理法biologicaltreatmentprocess生物處理裝置biologicaltreatmentunit串聯(lián)inseries懸浮生長(zhǎng)處理法suspended-growthtreatmentprocesses生物固體biologicalsolids活性污泥activatedsludge附著生長(zhǎng)處理法attached-growthtreatmentprocesses附著的微生物attachedmicrobes微生物附著生長(zhǎng)attachedmicrobialgrowth生物膜n.biofilm代謝n.metabolismv.metabolize穩(wěn)定，穩(wěn)定化n.stabilizationv.stabilize生物代謝biologicalmetabolism微生物代謝microbialmetabolism好氧的a.aerobic好氧菌aerobicbacteria好氧微生物aerobicmicroorganisms好氧氧化aerobicoxidation厭氧的a.anaerobic厭氧菌anaerobicbacteria厭氧氧化anaerobicoxidation兼性的a.facultative兼性菌facultativebacteria好氧環(huán)境aerobicenvironment厭氧環(huán)境anaerobicenvironment營(yíng)養(yǎng)物n.nutrients無機(jī)營(yíng)養(yǎng)物inorganicnutrients營(yíng)養(yǎng)物去除nutrientremoval營(yíng)養(yǎng)物生物去除biologicalnutrientremoval脫氮除磷nitrogenandphosphorusremoval生物硝化biologicalnitrification硝化菌nitrifyingbacteria生物反硝化，生物脫氮biologicaldenitrification生物除磷biologicalphosphorusremoval1．活性污泥法activatedsludgeprocess微生物n.microorganismsn.microbes細(xì)菌n.bacteria生物絮體biologicalfloc微生物絮體microbialfloc活性污泥activatedsludge絮狀活性污泥flocculate-bacterialsludge回流活性污泥(RAS)returnedactivatedsludge回流污泥returnedsludge回流污泥recycledsludge剩余污泥excesssludge廢活性污泥(WAS)wasteactivatedsludge廢污泥wastesludge曝氣池aerationtank曝氣池aerationbasin曝氣池aerationchamber完全混合曝氣池completelymixedaerationbasin活性污泥池activatedsludgetank曝氣n.aeration混合n.mixing曝氣系統(tǒng)aerationsystem曝氣器n.aerator壓縮空氣compressedair空氣壓縮機(jī)，空壓機(jī)aircompressor鼓風(fēng)機(jī)，風(fēng)機(jī)n.blower循環(huán)/切換n.cycling/switchover擴(kuò)散裝置，擴(kuò)散器n.diffuser空氣擴(kuò)散裝置，空氣擴(kuò)散器airdiffuser鼓泡空氣擴(kuò)散裝置（擴(kuò)散器）bubbleairdiffuser微氣泡擴(kuò)散裝置（擴(kuò)散器）fine-bubblediffuser擴(kuò)散板platediffuser擴(kuò)散管tubediffuser擴(kuò)散罩domediffuser微氣泡擴(kuò)散曝氣fine-bubblediffusedaeration微氣泡fine-bubble大氣泡coarse-bubble靜態(tài)混合器staticmixer機(jī)械曝氣系統(tǒng)mechanicalaerationsystems機(jī)械曝氣mechanicalaeration表面曝氣surfaceaeration表面曝氣器surfaceaerator需氧量oxygendemand供氣量airsupply氧轉(zhuǎn)移效率oxygentansferefficiency可沉降固體settleablesolids揮發(fā)性固體volatilesolids非揮發(fā)性固體nonvolatilesolids揮發(fā)性懸浮固體(VSS)volatilesuspendedsolids混合液mixedliquor混合液懸浮固體(MLSS)mixedliquorsuspendedsolids混合液揮發(fā)性懸浮固體(MLVSS)mixedliquorvolatilesuspendedsolids污泥沉降比(SV)settlingvelocity污泥容積指數(shù)(SVI)sludgevolumeindex比耗氧速率(SOUR)specificoxygenuptakerate污泥齡sludgeage曝氣池容積aerationtankvolume曝氣時(shí)間aerationperiod曝氣時(shí)間aerationtime水力停留時(shí)間(HRT)hydraulicresidencetime水力負(fù)荷hydraulicloadingBOD負(fù)荷BODloading普通活性污泥法conventionalactivatedsludgeprocess傳統(tǒng)活性污泥法conventionalactivatedsludgeprocess標(biāo)準(zhǔn)活性污泥法standardactivatedsludgeprocess傳統(tǒng)活性污泥廠conventionalactivatedsludgeplant階段曝氣活性污泥stepaerationactivatedsludgeprocess分段v.step進(jìn)水負(fù)荷influentload分段進(jìn)水steploading漸減v.taper漸減曝氣taperedaeration接觸穩(wěn)定活性污泥法contactstabilizationactivatedsludgeprocess再曝氣n.reaeration曝氣—沉淀—再曝氣aeration-sedimentation-reaeration完全好氧處理法completeaerobictreatmentprocess高負(fù)荷（完全混合）活性污泥法high-rate(completelymixed)activatedsludgeprocess延時(shí)曝氣活性污泥法extendedaerationactivatedsludgeprocess延時(shí)曝氣法extendedaerationprocess延時(shí)曝氣extendedaeration氧化溝oxidationditch水平轉(zhuǎn)刷horizontalrotor轉(zhuǎn)刷曝氣rotoraeration籠型轉(zhuǎn)刷cagedrotor吸附—生物降解工藝(AB法)adsorption-biodegradationprocess序批式活性污泥法(SBR法)sequencingbatchreactor(SBR)process、序批式活性污泥法(SBR法)sequentialbatchreactor(SBR)processSBR法SBRprocess序批式反應(yīng)器(SBR)sequencingbatchreactor(SBR)序批式反應(yīng)器(SBR)sequentialbatchreactor初沉primaryclarification曝氣n.aeration二沉secondaryclarification初沉池primaryclarifier二沉池secondaryclarifier泵送系統(tǒng)pumpingsystem活性污泥法activatedsludgeprocess變體n.variantSBR運(yùn)行周期SBRcycle處理周期processcycle進(jìn)水階段fillphase進(jìn)水閥influentvalve反應(yīng)階段reactphase沉淀階段settlephase清水，上清液clearwater上清液n.supernatant排水階段drawphase潷水階段decantphase潷水裝置decantmechanism閑置階段，待機(jī)階段idlephase營(yíng)養(yǎng)物去除nutrientremoval營(yíng)養(yǎng)物生物去除biologicalnutrientremoval碳源carbonsource硝化n.nitrificationv.nitrify硝化菌nitrifyingbacteria反硝化n.denitrificationv.denitrify脫氮n.denitrification生物反硝化，生物脫氮biologicaldenitrification缺氧—好氧脫氮工藝(A/O法)anoxic-oxicprocess厭氧—缺氧—好氧法(A2/O法)anaerobic-anoxic-aerobicprocessA-A-O法同步脫氮除磷工藝anaerobic-anoxic-aerobicprocess脫氮除磷nitrogenandphosphorusremoval厭氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)anaerobicammoniumoxidation生物除磷biologicalphosphorusremoval膜生物反應(yīng)器(MBR)membranebiologicalreactor2．生物膜法生物膜n.biofilm生物膜反應(yīng)器biofilmreactor生物濾池n.biofilter生物過濾n.biofiltration旋轉(zhuǎn)布水器rotarysprinkler填料n.packings塑料管狀或蜂窩狀填料plastictubularorhoneycomb-shapedpackings滴濾池tricklingfilter普通生物濾池tricklingfilter高負(fù)荷生物濾池high-ratefilter塔式生物濾池towerbiofilter曝氣生物濾池(BAF)biologicalaeratedfilter生物轉(zhuǎn)盤法biodiscprocess生物轉(zhuǎn)盤rotatingbiologicalcontactor生物轉(zhuǎn)盤n.biodisc塑料盤片plasticdiscs輕質(zhì)盤片lightweightdiscs水平軸horizontalshaft生物粘液biologicalslime粘液層slimelayer生物流化床biologicalfluidizedbedbiologicalfluidisedbed生物流化床反應(yīng)器fluidized-bedbioreactor移動(dòng)床生物膜反應(yīng)器(MBBR)moving-bedbiofilmreactor3．厭氧生物處理發(fā)酵n.fermentationv.fermentate產(chǎn)酸細(xì)菌n.acidogens產(chǎn)甲烷細(xì)菌n.methanogens產(chǎn)酸階段acidogenicphase產(chǎn)甲烷階段methanogenicphase水解n.hydrolysisv.hydrolysis產(chǎn)酸發(fā)酵acidogenicfermentation產(chǎn)氫產(chǎn)乙酸H2-producingacetogenesis產(chǎn)甲烷methanogenesis產(chǎn)酸菌acidformers產(chǎn)甲烷菌methaneformers,methane-formingbacteria有機(jī)酸organicacids揮發(fā)性脂肪酸(VFAs)volatilefattyacids硫酸鹽還原sulfatereduction硫酸鹽還原菌sulfate-reducingbacteria上流式厭氧污泥床(UASB)upflowanaerobicsludgeblanket上升流速upflowvelocity厭氧折流板反應(yīng)器(ABR)anaerobicbaffledreactor兩段或兩級(jí)厭氧生物處理two-stageanaerobicbiotreatment兩相厭氧生物處理two-phaseanaerobicbiotreatment產(chǎn)酸相acidogenicphase產(chǎn)甲烷相methanogenicphase消化n.digestionv.digest消化池n.digestor厭氧消化anaerobicdigestion污泥消化sludgedigestion厭氧消化池anaerobicdigestor厭氧接觸法anaerobiccontactprocess厭氧膨脹床反應(yīng)器anaerobicexpanded-bedreactor厭氧流化床反應(yīng)器anaerobicfluidized-bedreactor厭氧生物轉(zhuǎn)盤anaerobicrotatingbiologicalcontactor4．自然生物處理系統(tǒng)自然凈化系統(tǒng)naturalpurificationsystem穩(wěn)定塘stabilizationpondsstabilizationlagoons氧化塘oxidationponds土地處理系統(tǒng)landtreatmentsystems廢水土地處理landtreatmentofwastewater凈化過程purificationprocess自然凈化naturalpurification污水塘sewagelagoon穩(wěn)定塘stabilizationpondsstabilizationlagoons氧化塘oxidationponds好氧塘aerobicpond兼性塘facultativepond好氧生化反應(yīng)aerobicbiochemicalreaction厭氧生化反應(yīng)anaerobicbiochemicalreaction厭氧分解anaerobicdecomposition厭氧分解decomposeanaerobically好氧穩(wěn)定aerobicstabilization細(xì)菌n.bacteria藻類n.algae微型植物microscopicplants出流，出水effluentflow光合作用n.photosynthesis厭氧塘anaerobicpond曝氣塘aeratedpond修飾塘polishingpond熟化塘maturationlagoon深度處理塘advancedtreatmentpond三級(jí)處理塘tertiarytreatmentpond土地處理工藝（過程）landtreatmentprocesses關(guān)鍵因素criticalfactors土壤類型soiltype氣候n.climate土地處理系統(tǒng)landtreatmentsystems慢速土地處理系統(tǒng)slowratelandtreatmentsystem低負(fù)荷土地處理系統(tǒng)low-ratelandtreatmentsystem三級(jí)處理水平tertiarytreatmentlevel灌溉n.irrigationv.irrigate土壤的天然過濾和吸附性質(zhì)naturalfiltrationandadsorptionpropertiesofsoil投配的廢水a(chǎn)ppliedwastewater壟—溝表面布水ridge-and-furrowsurfacespreading噴灑布水系統(tǒng)，噴灌布水系統(tǒng)sprinklersystems快速滲濾土地處理系統(tǒng)rapidinfiltrationlandtreatmentsystem滲濾—滲透土地處理infiltration-percolationlandtreatment快速滲濾rapidinfiltration快速滲濾法rapidinfiltrationmethod過濾作用filteringaction吸附作用adsorptionaction地表漫流土地處理系統(tǒng)overlandflowlandtreatmentsystem地表漫流overlandflow徑流集水溝runoffcollectionditch物理、化學(xué)和生物過程physical,chemical,andbiologicalprocesses濕地n.wetland天然濕地naturalwetland人工濕地constructedwetlandman-madewetland第七部分：污泥處理、處置與利用污泥n.sludge生活污水污泥sewagesludge污泥體積，污泥量sludgevolume原污泥，生污泥rawsludge新鮮污泥，生污泥freshsludge消化污泥，熟污泥digestedsludge混合污泥mixedsludge污泥處理sludgetreatment污泥處置sludgedisposal最終處置ultimatedisposal填埋n.landfill污泥減量sludgevolumereduction污泥穩(wěn)定化sludgestabilization（污泥）濃縮n.thickening污泥濃縮sludgethickening穩(wěn)定，穩(wěn)定化n.stabilizationv.stabilize穩(wěn)定了的污泥stabilizedsludge調(diào)理（調(diào)節(jié)）n.conditioningv.condition脫水n.dewateringv.dewater干化n.drying污泥干化場(chǎng)sludgedryingbed污泥干燥heatdrying干燥器n.dryer污泥焚燒，污泥焚化n.incineration焚燒爐，焚化爐n.incinerator污泥濃縮sludgethickening物理過程physicalprocess含水過多的污泥waterysludge稀污泥thinsludge處理裝置treatmentunit濃縮池n.thickener重力濃縮gravitythickening重力濃縮池gravitythickener圓形污水沉淀池circularsewagesedimentationtank刮泥機(jī)sludgescraper攪拌作用stirringaction底流n.underflow濃縮的底流thickenedunderflow濃縮污泥thickenedsludge出水n.effluent上清液n.supernatant溢流v.overflow堰n.weir氣浮濃縮floatationthickening溶氣氣浮dissolved-airfloatation氣浮池floatationtank入流污泥influentsludge污泥絮體sludgeflocs撇去v.skim漂浮污泥層floatingsludgelayer污泥消化sludgedigestion消化池n.digester消化池裝置digesterunit消化n.digestionv.digest有機(jī)固體organicsolids生化分解biochemicaldecomposition好氧消化aerobicdigestion好氧污泥消化aerobicsludge