西安外國語大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

目錄

2010年西安外國語大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英

語考研真題及詳解

2011年西安外國語大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英

語考研真題及詳解

2012年西安外國語大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英

語考研真題及詳解

2013年西安外國語大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英

語考研真題及詳解

2014年西安外國語大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英

語考研真題及詳解

2010年西安外國語大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

TaskOne:VocabularyandGrammaticalStructure

SectionA

Directions:Thissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytointerpretthe

meaningsofwordsindifferentcontexts.Readeachofthefollowing

sentencescarefullyandselectonewordorphrasefromthefourchoicesthat

isclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordineachsentence,andthenwrite

youranswersontheAnswerSheet.(20%)

1．TheinventionofthethermometerisattributedtoGalileo.

A.charged

B.given

C.told

D.credited

【答案】D

【解析】句意：溫度計(jì)的發(fā)明歸功于伽利略。becreditedto把……歸功

于。

2．Whenanaircrafttravelsatsubsonicspeeds,thesoundsthatitgenerates

extendinalldirections.

A.creates

B.manufactures

C.powers

D.spawns

【答案】A

【解析】句意：當(dāng)一架飛機(jī)以亞音速飛行時(shí)，它發(fā)出的聲音會傳向各個(gè)

方向。generate使形成；發(fā)生。spawn使大量出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)卵。

3．Itisdisputablehowfardownintheanimalserieslymphoidtissueis

found.

A.uncertain

B.scandalous

C.disagreeable

D.surprising

【答案】A

【解析】句意：關(guān)于淋巴組織發(fā)現(xiàn)于多久以前的動物這一問題存在爭

議。disputable有爭議的。scandalous可恥的；誹謗性的。disagreeable不

愉快的；厭惡的。

4．ProjectHeadStart,whichwasinauguratedintheUnitedStatesin1965,is

afederallyfundedpreschoolprogramforeconomicallyandculturally

disadvantagedchildren.

A.installed

B.initiated

C.conceived

D.crafted

【答案】B

【解析】句意：“先行計(jì)劃”1965年發(fā)起于美國，是一個(gè)學(xué)前教育項(xiàng)目，

聯(lián)邦資助經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化方面的弱勢兒童。inaugurate創(chuàng)新；開辟。initiate開

始；發(fā)起。install安裝；任命。conceive構(gòu)思。craft精巧地制作。

5．Duringthe300yearsbetweenitsintroductionintomedicineandWorld

WarI,quininewastheonlyeffectiveremedyformalaria.

A.solution

B.plan

C.bacteria

D.treatment

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在初次用于藥物到第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的300年間，奎寧是

治療瘧疾的唯一有效藥物。remedy補(bǔ)救；治療。

6．Castoroilanditsderivativesareusedincosmetics,hairoils,and

medicines.

A.products

B.elements

C.relatives

D.sources

【答案】A

【解析】句意：蓖麻油及其衍生物可用于制作化妝品、發(fā)油和藥物。

derivative衍生物，派生物。

7．GrandTetonNationalParkembracesthemostscenicportionofthe

glaciated,snow-coveredTetonRange.

A.excludes

B.contains

C.dominates

D.fulfills

【答案】B

【解析】句意：大提頓國家公園包含覆蓋著冰川和白雪的特頓山脈風(fēng)景

最美的部分。embrace擁抱；包含。

8．Scientistsgenerallyholdthatlanguagehasbeensolonginusethatthe

lengthoftimewritingisknowntocoveristriflingincomparison.

A.overwhelming

B.insignificant

C.astounding

D.uninspiring

【答案】B

【解析】句意：科學(xué)家們普遍認(rèn)為，人們使用語言的時(shí)間如此長，以至

于使用書寫的時(shí)間與之相比也微不足道了。trifling不重要的，微不足道

的。insignificant無關(guān)緊要的。overwhelming壓倒性的；勢不可擋的。

astounding令人震驚的。uninspiring不令人振奮的。

9．Malariaisaninfectiousparasiticdiseasethatcanbeeitheracuteor

chronicandisfrequentlyrecurrent.

A.repeating

B.terminal

C.debilitating

D.unhealthy

【答案】A

【解析】句意：瘧疾是一種傳染性寄生蟲病，可能是急性也可能是慢

性，而且經(jīng)常復(fù)發(fā)。recurrent復(fù)發(fā)的；周期性的。debilitating使衰弱的。

10．Theonlysafewayofdistinguishingbetweenedibleandpoisonous

mushroomsistolearntoidentifytheindividualspecies.

A.separate

B.classify

C.isolate

D.recognize

【答案】D

【解析】句意：區(qū)分食用蘑菇與毒蘑菇唯一保險(xiǎn)的方法是學(xué)會識別單個(gè)

物種。identify鑒定；識別。

11．AdriaenBrouwerhasbeendescribedasamanofrecklesshabits.

A.healthy

B.wise

C.reasonable

D.careless

【答案】D

【解析】句意：AdriaenBrouwer被描述為一個(gè)魯莽的人。reckless魯莽

的，不顧后果的。reasonable合理的，公道的。

12．OfKarlBrugmann’smanypublicationsonIndo-Europeanlinguistics,

themostoriginalishisarticleonthesonantnasal.

A.imaginary

B.unreal

C.inventive

D.uncreative

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在卡爾·布魯曼眾多關(guān)于印歐語言學(xué)的作品中，最新穎

的是關(guān)于鼻濁音的文章。original新穎的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的。inventive有創(chuàng)造力

的，善于創(chuàng)新的。

13．LordByron’seccentrichabitsalienatedmanyofhiscountrymen.

A.unconventional

B.daily

C.typical

D.friendly

【答案】A

【解析】句意：拜倫的古怪習(xí)慣當(dāng)時(shí)使許多人疏遠(yuǎn)了他。eccentric古怪

的。unconventional非常規(guī)的。

14．TheBrownsvilleareainTexasfiguredprominentlyintheearlystagesof

theUnitedStates’warwithMexico.

A.inconspicuously

B.indecisively

C.prematurely

D.importantly

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在美國與墨西哥的戰(zhàn)爭初期，德克薩斯州的布朗斯維爾

地區(qū)占據(jù)了重要地位。prominently顯著地。inconspicuously難以覺察

地。indecisively優(yōu)柔寡斷地。prematurely過早地。

15．TheHarpersFerryraidonlyhelpedtodeepenthechasmbetweenthe

twosidesintheAmericanCivilWar.

A.friendship

B.trust

C.loyalty

D.rift

【答案】D

【解析】句意：哈普斯輪渡事件只是加深了美國南北戰(zhàn)爭雙方之間的分

歧。chasm峽谷；分歧。rift裂縫；不和。

16．JeanCarpeaux’sworksexpressedarhythmandvarietythatwerenotin

accordwithhiscontemporaries.

A.opposition

B.difference

C.agreement

D.conflict

【答案】C

【解析】句意：讓·卡爾波的作品表達(dá)了與同時(shí)代人不一致的節(jié)奏和變

化。accord符合；一致。

17．Byincreasingfluidintake,onecansubstantiallylowertheriskofkidney

stones.

A.definitely

B.probably

C.greatly

D.slightly

【答案】C

【解析】句意：增加液體攝入可大幅降低腎結(jié)石的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。substantially大

量地，可觀地。

18．Themarinemammalmostvulnerabletotheeffectsofoilspillsisthesea

otter.

A.resistant

B.adjusted

C.accustomed

D.susceptible

【答案】D

【解析】句意：最容易受到石油泄露影響的海洋哺乳動物是海獺。

vulnerable易受……的攻擊；易受傷害的。susceptible易受影響的。

19．Accordingtothe1966SupremeCourtdecisionMirandav.Arizona,a

policeofficerisobligated,beforemakinganarrest,toinformthesuspectof

hisorherrights.

A.instructed

B.authorized

C.required

D.needed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：1966年，最高法院對于米蘭達(dá)訴亞利桑那州案的決議

為，警察在逮捕嫌疑人之前有義務(wù)告知嫌疑人其權(quán)利。obligated有義務(wù)

的；責(zé)無旁貸的。

20．Asapersonages,smallchangescanoccurintheeyeswithoutadversely

affectingvision.

A.actually

B.negatively

C.seriously

D.permanently

【答案】B

【解析】句意：隨著年齡增長，眼睛會產(chǎn)生一些不會對視力產(chǎn)生不利影

響的小變化。adversely不利地。

SectionB

Directions:Ineachofthefollowingsentences,somepartofthesentenceor

thewholeisunderlined.Rephrasetheunderlinedpartsoastoexpressmost

effectivelywhatispresentedintheoriginalsentence.Yourcorrectionshould

beclearandexact,withoutawkwardness,ambiguityorredundancy.Write

youranswersontheAnswerSheet.(10%)

21．Morethanfivehundredyearsago,Chinesescholarsaccurately

describedtheflowofbloodasacontinuouscirclecontrolledbytheheart,but

itwasunnoticedintheWest.

【答案】butthediscoverywas

【解析】it不能代替前面的一整句話，因此應(yīng)改為thediscovery。

22．Formembersoftheseventeenth-centuryAshantinationinAfrica,

animal-hideshieldswithwoodenframeswereessentialitemsofmilitary

equipment,amethodtoprotectwarriorsagainstenemyarrowsandspears.

【答案】protecting

【解析】劃線前的句子成分完整，后接現(xiàn)在分詞相當(dāng)于非限制性定語，

常用逗號分開。protecting表示“盾牌”用來保護(hù)勇士奮勇殺敵，避免敵人

的矛和箭的攻擊。

23．ALaborDepartmentstudystatesthatthenumbersofwomenemployed

outsidethehomegrewbymorethanathirty-fivepercentincreaseinthepast

decadeandaccountedformorethansixty-twopercentofthetotalgrowthin

thecivilianworkforce.

【答案】numberofwomenemployedoutsidethehomeincreasedbymore

thanthirty-fivepercent

【解析】thenumberof……的數(shù)量。grewby與increase語義重復(fù)。

24．PublishedinHarlem,theownerandeditoroftheMessengerweretwo

youngjournalists,ChandlerOwenandA.PhilipRandolph,whowouldlater

makehisreputationasalaborleader.

【答案】PublishedinHarlem,TheMessengerwasownedandeditedbytwo

youngjournalists,A.PhilipRandolph,whowouldlatermakehisreputation

asalaborleader,andChandlerOwen.

【解析】“PublishedinHarlem”應(yīng)修飾“TheMessenger”，不應(yīng)該修飾“the

ownerandeditorofTheMessenger”。

25．Whatwasasremarkableasthedevelopmentofthecompactdischas

beentheuseofthenewtechnologytorevitalize,inbettersoundthanwas

everbeforepossible,someoftheclassicrecordedperformancesofthepre-LP

era.

【答案】Nolessremarkablethanthedevelopmentofthecompactdisc

【解析】這個(gè)句子為倒裝句，主語是theuseofthenewtechnologyto…，

hasbeen前為表語。whatwas...和后面hasbeen...時(shí)態(tài)有沖突。

TaskTwo:ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:Readthefollowingtwotexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweach

textbychoosingA.,B.,C.orD.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.

(20%)

Text1

Positivesurprisesfromgovernmentreportsonretailsales,industrial

production,andhousinginthepastfewmonthsareleadingeconomiststo

revisetheirrealgrossdomesticproductforecastsupward,supportingthe

notionthattherecessionendedinDecemberorJanuary.

Bearinmind:Thisrecoverywon’thavethevitalitynormallyassociatedwith

anupturn.EconomistsnowexpectrealGDPgrowthofabout1.5%inthefirst

quarter.That’sbetterthanthe0.4%theconsensusprojectedinDecember,but

muchoftheadditionalgrowthwillcomefromaslowerpaceofinventory

draw-downs,notfromsurgingdemand.

Moreover,theeconomywon’tgrowfastenoughtohelpthelabormarkets

much.Theonlygoodnewsthereisthatjoblessclaimshavefallenbackfrom

theirspikeafterSeptember11andthattheircurrentlevelsuggeststhepaceof

layoffsiseasing.

TherecoveryalsodoesnotmeantheFederalReservewillraiseinterestrates

soon.TheJanuarypriceindexesshowthatinflationremainstame.

Consequently,theFedcantakeitstimeshiftingmonetarypolicyfrom

extremeaccommodationtorelativeneutrality.

PerhapsthebestnewsfromthelatesteconomicreportswastheJanuarydata

onindustrialproduction.Totaloutputfellonly0.1%,itsbestshowingsince

July.Factoryoutputwasflat,alsothebestperformanceinsixmonths.Those

numbersmaynotsoundencouraging,butmanufacturershavebeenin

recessionsincelate2000.Thedatasuggestthatthefactorysectorisfindinga

bottomfromwhichtostartitsrecovery.

Productionofconsumergoods,forinstance,isalmostbackuptowhereit

wasayearago.That’sbecauseconsumerdemandformotorvehiclesand

othergoodsandthehousingindustryremainedhealthyduringtherecession,

andtheyarestillgrowinginearly2002.

Besides,boththemonthlyhomebuildingstartsnumberandthehousing

marketindexforthepasttwomonthsarerunningabovetheiraveragesforall

of2001,suggestingthathomebuildingisofftoagoodstartandprobably

won’tbeabigdragonGDPgrowththisyear.

Equallyimportanttotheoutlookishowthesolidhousingmarketwillhelp

demandforhome-relatedgoodsandservices.Traditionally,consumersbuy

thebulkoftheirfurniture,electronics,andtextileswithinayearof

purchasingtheirhomes.Thus,spendingonsuchitemswilldowellthisyear,

evenascarsalesslipnowthatincentivesarelessattractive.Lookforthe

outputofconsumergoodstotopyear-agolevelsincomingmonths.

Eventhebusinessequipmentsectorseemstohavebottomedout.Itsoutput

rose0.4%inJanuary,ledbya0.6%jumpcomputergear.Apickupinorders

forcapitalgoodsinthefourthquartersuggeststhatproductionwillkeep

increasing—althoughatarelaxedpace—incomingmonths.

26．Americaneconomistsaresurprisedtoseethat_____.

A.theirgovernmentisannouncingtheendofarecession

B.USeconomyisshowingsomesignsofanupturnsosoon

C.someeconomicsectorshavebecomeleadingindustries

D.theyhavetorevisetheproductforecastssooften

27．ThemostencouragingfactabouttheUSeconomyisthat_____.

A.employmentrateshaverisenfasterthanexpected.

B.theFederalReservewillraiseinterestratessoon

C.GDPisgrowingbecauseofsurgingdemand

D.industrialproductionhasreacheditslowestpoint

28．WhichofthefollowingbestbrightensthefutureofUSeconomy?

A.Businessequipment.

B.Computergear.

C.Housingmarket.

D.Motorvehicles.

29．Inspiteofthegoodnews,theauthorsoundsrelativelymorereserved

about_____.

A.nationalGDPgrowth

B.priceindexes

C.outputofconsumergoods

D.thenumberoflayoffs

30．WhichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheUSeconomicsituation

today?

A.Allthedatastillshowableakyearin2002.

B.Itisslowlywarmingupwithmoderategrowth.

C.Recessionmaycomebackanytimeinthecomingmonths.

D.Mostsectorsarepickingupatasurprisinglyfastpace.

【答案與解析】

26．B文章第一段指出政府報(bào)告中關(guān)于過去幾個(gè)月的零售業(yè)、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)

和房地產(chǎn)的“positivesurprise”使得經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們修改了他們關(guān)于GDP的預(yù)

測，這說明美國經(jīng)濟(jì)是呈恢復(fù)趨勢的。

27．D由第五段可知，最好的消息可能來自1月份關(guān)于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的數(shù)

據(jù)，“Thedatasuggestthatthefactorysectorisfindingabottomfromwhich

tostartitsrecovery.”，也就是說，工業(yè)生產(chǎn)已經(jīng)達(dá)到了最低點(diǎn)，后面將

呈上升趨勢。

28．C由倒數(shù)第三段“suggestingthathomebuildingisofftoagoodstart

andprobablywon’tbeabigdragonGDPgrowththisyear.”以及倒數(shù)第二

段中“thesolidhousingmarket”可知，房地產(chǎn)最有可能拉動美國經(jīng)濟(jì)增

長。

29．A根據(jù)第四段“TheJanuarypriceindexesshowthatinflationremains

tame.”，倒數(shù)第四段“Productionofconsumergoods,forinstance,isalmost

backuptowhereitwasayearago.”及第三段“theircurrentlevelsuggeststhe

paceoflayoffsiseasing”可見作者對B、C、D項(xiàng)比較樂觀。

30．B根據(jù)最后一段“productionwillkeepincreasing—althoughata

relaxedpace—incomingmonths”可知，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)正在緩慢好轉(zhuǎn)。

Text2

Eversincethisgovernment’stermbegan,theattitudetoteachershasbeen

overshadowedbytheviewthatgoodteacherscannotberewardedifitmeans

badteachersarerewarded,too.That’swhy,despitetheobviousneedfor

them,bigpayriseshavenotbeenawardedtoteachersacrosstheboard.The

latestpayrisewas3.6percent-madeinthepresentsituation.That’swhy,as

well,thelongbattleoverperformance-relatedpaywasfoughtasteacher

numbersslid.

Theideaisthatsomekindofyearzerocaneventuallybeachievedwhereby

allthebadteachersaregoneandonlythegoodteachersremain.Thatiswhy

theGovernment’sattemptstorelievetheteachershortagehavebeenso

focusedonofferingincentivestogetanewgenerationofteachersinto

training.Theassumptionisthatsomanyoftheteacherswehavealreadyhad

arebadandthatonlybystartingagaincanstandardsberaised.

Buttheteachershortageisnotcausedonlybecauseofatackofnewteachers

comingintotheprofession.Itisalsobecauseteachinghasaretention

problem,withmanyleavingtheprofession.Thesepeoplehavetheirreasons

fordoingso,whichcannotbepurelyaboutwantingirresponsiblyto

“abandon”pupilsmorepermanently.Suchanexodussuggeststhateven

beyondthehateduniongrandstanding,teachersarenothappy.

UnionsandtheGovernmentappeartobeinbroadagreementthatthe

shortageofteachersisabadstateofaffairs.Oddly,though,theydon’tseem

entirelytoagreethatthereasonsforthismaylieinfeaturesoftheprofession

itselfandthewayitisrun.Instead,theGovernmentissosuspiciousofthe

ideathatteachersmaybeabletorepresentthemselves,thattheyhavesetup

theGeneralTeachingCouncil,abodythatwillrepresentteacherswhether

theywantittoornot,andtowhichtheyhavetopay25poundsayear

whethertheywanttoornot.

Theattitudesofbothsidespromisetoexacerbateratherthansolvethe

problem.Teachersarecertainlyexacerbatingtheproblembystressingjust

howbadthingsare.Quiteafewpotentialteachersmustbeputoff.Andwhile

theGovernmenthasmadequiteasuccessofconvincingthepublicthatbad

educationisalmostexclusivelylinkedtobadteachersrepresentedby

destructiveunions,italsoseemsappallingthatinasurveylastyear,working

hoursforprimaryteachersaveraged53hoursperweek,whilesecondary

teachersclockedup51hours.

Attheirspringconferences,thefourmajorteachingunionsintendtoballot

theirmembersondemandingfromtheGovernmentanindependentinquiry

intoworkingconditions.ThisfollowstheMcCronereportinScotland,which

producedanagreementtolimithoursto35perweek,withamaximumclass

contact-timeof22andahalfhours.Thatsoundsmostattractive.

31．Itisimpliedinthefirstparagraphthata3.6percentpayrise_____.

A.isnoteasytocomeby

B.istoobigevenforgoodteachers

C.istoosmalltobeattractive

D.istoobigforbadteachersandsmallforgoodones

32．Thegovernmentmakesattractivepoliciestopullanewgenerationof

teachersintotrainingbecauseit_____.

A.ismoreconcernedaboutfutureshortageofqualifiedteachers

B.isdisappointedwiththepresentgenerationofteachers

C.believestheshortageiscausedbythereluctanceofnewteachersinto

teaching

D.doubtsthattheteacherswillimprovetheirskillsevenwithexpensive

retraining

33．Whileadmittingthepresentteachershortageisatoughproblem,the

government_____.

A.hasmadenoattempttowardsitssolution

B.failstoidentifytherealcausefortheproblem

C.attributesittotheteachers’lackofresponsibility

D.imposesstricteradministrativeregulationsuponteachers

34．Animportantreasonwhyteachersareleavingtheirpostsisprobably

relatedto_____.

A.longworkinghours

B.thepersuasionoftheunions

C.theconflictbetweenthegovernmentandunions

D.theincreaseinthenumberofbadteachers

35．Theword“exacerbate”inthefifthparagraphmeans_____.

A.worsen

B.tackle

C.exaggerate

D.identify

【答案與解析】

31．C由第一段最后一句“That’swhy,aswell,thelongbattleover

performance-relatedpaywasfoughtasteachernumbersslid.”可知，這些加

薪的確太少而不能吸引老師。

32．C第二段第一句提到，政府這樣做的原因是基于“Theassumptionis

thatsomanyoftheteacherswehavealreadyhadarebadandthatonlyby

startingagaincanstandardsberaised.”，也就是認(rèn)為短缺是由于新教師不

愿意從事教學(xué)工作造成的。

33．B由第四段“Oddly,though,theydon’tseementirelytoagreethatthe

reasonsforthismayliein…”可知，盡管政府承認(rèn)教師短缺這一情況很嚴(yán)

重，但是他們似乎對背后的原因有錯(cuò)誤的認(rèn)識。

34．A由最后一段可知，協(xié)議將每周工作時(shí)間限制在每周35小時(shí)，這

聽起來最有吸引力。由此可見教師離職的原因可能是工作時(shí)間太長。

35．A根據(jù)后面“ratherthansolvetheproblem”可知，exacerbate的意思

為“使加?。皇箰夯?。

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.

WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.(10%)

TheUnseeingEye

Theoldmanstoodthereataloss,hissunkeneyesstaringatthemanseated

behindthetable.Raisinghishand,hewipedthesweatfromhisforeheadand

heavilywrinkledface.Hedidn’tusethetraditionalkerchiefandheadbandas

usual,thoughhecouldfeelthesweatrunningdownhistempleandneck,and

hegavenoreplytothemanseatedbehindthetablewhowentonaskinghim,

“Whydidyougoinopeningallthedoorsofthewardslookingforyourwife?

Whydidn’tyoucomedirectlytoEnquires?”Theoldmankeptsilent.Why,

though,wasthemanseatedbehindthetablecontinuingtoopenonedrawer

afteranother?Hiseyesbusywatchinghim,hesaid,“Icameheretheday

beforeyesterdaywantingthehospitalandlookingforthemotherofmy

children.”

Themanseatedbehindthetablemutteredirritably,blaminghimselffornot

havingeverlearnedhowtoasktherightquestion,howtogetaconversation

going,andwhyitwasthathisquestion,fullofexplanations,andsometimes

ofannoyance,weren’teffective.Hepuffedathiscigaretteasheenquiredin

exasperation,“What’syourwife’sname?”Theoldmanatoncereplied,

“ZeinabMohamed.”Themanseatedbehindthetablebeganflippingthrough

thepagesofthethickledger;eachtimeheturnedoverapagetherewasa

loudnoisethatwasheardbyeveryoneinthewaitingroom.Hewenton

flippingthroughthepagesofhisledger,pursinghislipslistlessly,then

nervously,ashekeptbringingtheledgerclosetohisfaceuntilfinallyhe

said,“Yourwifecameinherethedaybeforeyesterday?”Theoldmanin

reliefatonceanswered,“Yes,sir,whenherheartcametoastop.”O(jiān)nceagain

irritated,themanseatedbehindthetablemumbledtohimself,“Hadherheart

stoppedshewouldn’tbehere,neitherwouldyou”.Withhiseyesstillonthe

ledger,hesaid,“She’sinWard4,butit’snotpermittedforyoutoenterher

wardbecausethereareotherwomenthere.”Yawning,hecalledtothenurse

leaningagainstthewall.Shecameforward,inherhandapapercupfrom

whichshewasdrinking.Motioningwithhisheadtotheman,hesaid,“Ward

Number4—ZeinabMohamed.”Thenursewalkedahead,withoutraisingher

mouthfromthecup.Theoldmanaskedhimselfhowitwasthatthiswoman

workedinahospitalthatwascrammedwithmen,eventhoughshespoke

Arabic.Havingarrivedattheward,thenurselefthimoutsideaftertelling

himtowait;then,afterawhile,shecameoutandsaidtohim,“Therearetwo

womencalledZeinabMohamed.Oneofthem,though,hasonlyoneeye.

WhichoneisyourwifesothatIcancallher?”

Theoldmanwasthrownintoconfusion.Oneeye?HowamItoknow?He

triedtorecallwhathiswifeZeinablookedlike,withherlonggownandblack

headdress,theveil,andsometimestheblackcoveringenvelopingherface

andsometimesremovedandlyingonherneck.Hecouldpictureherasshe

walkedandsat,chewingamorselandthentakingitoutofhermouthsoasto

placeitinthatofherfirst-born.Herchildren.Oneeye.HowamItoknow?

Hecouldpictureherstretchedoutonthebed,hereyesclosed.Theoldman

wasthrownintoconfusionandfoundhimselfsaying,“WhenIcallher,she’ll

knowmyvoice.”Thenursedoubtedwhetherhewasinfactvisitinghiswife;

however,givinghimanotherglance;shelaughedathersuspicionsandasked

him,“Howlonghavethetwoofyoubeenmarried?”Again,hewasconfused

ashesaid,“Allahknowsbest—thirty,fortyyears...”

36．Whatdoesthetitleofthetextsuggest?

37．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthemanseatedbehindthetable?

38．Howdidtheoldmanrespondtothenurse’squestions?

39．Findsufficientevidenceinthetextthatrevealstheoldman’sArabian

identity.

40．Writetwosentencestohighlightthemessageofthetext.

【答案與解析】

36．Theoldmanfailedtoseewhatbeshouldhaveseen.

（文章的最后一段的最后一句“…Allahknowsbest―thirty,forty

years…”中可以得知老人與妻子結(jié)婚三、四十年了。在該段還可推斷他

們是阿拉伯人，而阿拉伯婦女要頭帶“...blackheaddress,theveil,and

sometimestheblackcoveringenvelopingherface…”，這使老人雖然與妻

子結(jié)婚幾十年也未能見到妻子的芳容。）

37．Heseemedtolosehispatiencetooeasily.

（根據(jù)第二段“Themanseatedbehindthetablemutteredirritably,blaming

himselffornothavingeverlearned…”可知，坐在桌后的那個(gè)男人很不耐

煩。）

38．Hewaspuzzled.

（由最后一段第一句“Theoldmanwasthrownintoconfusion.”可知，護(hù)士

的問題使這個(gè)老人陷入了困惑。）

39．Hisattitudetowardthenurse,hismemoriesofhisspouseandhis

kerchiefandheadband.

（第一段說老人沒有用“thetraditionalkerchiefandheadband”去擦汗：第

二段說“Theoldmanaskedhimselfhowitwasthatthiswomanworkedina

hospitalthatwascrammedwithmen”；在最后一段第三句“Hetriedto

recallwhathiswifeZeinablookedlike…”，這些細(xì)節(jié)都說明老人應(yīng)該是個(gè)

傳統(tǒng)的阿拉伯人。）

40．AnoldArabianmanwenttothehospitaltofindhiswife.Butwhen

askedaboutthefacialfeaturesofhiswife,hehadnoideaaboutthat.

（文章講述了一位阿拉伯老人去醫(yī)院找他妻子的故事，但是醫(yī)院里有兩

個(gè)同名的人，當(dāng)被問及他妻子的相貌特征時(shí)，老人卻不知道。）

TaskThree:CompositionWriting

Directions:Readthefollowingessayquestioncarefully,formulateatitle

basedonthequestionandwritea400-wordcompositionontheAnswer

Sheet.(40%)

Somepeoplethinkthatvisitorstoforeigncountriesshouldsimulatelocal

customsandbehavior,butsomepeopledisagreewiththisidea,becausethey

thinkthatthehostcountryshouldwelcomeculturaldifferences.Stateyour

ownopinionandexplainyourmainpointswithsupportingdetails.

【參考范文】

Thetourismindustryisboominginmanycountries.Duetoconvenient

transportationandincentivepolicies,peopleoftentravelothercountriesfor

holidaysorforofficialtrips.Butthereisanongoingdebateaboutwhether

foreignvisitorsshouldfollowlocalcustomsandbehaviorsduringtheirstay

inhostcountries.Somepeoplearguethatthehostcountryshouldwelcome

culturaldifferences.Inmyopinion,travellersshouldrespectandfollowthe

hostcountry’straditionsandcultures.

Aboveall,experiencingexoticculturesisthefundamentalpurposeof

travelingtoforeigncountries.Whentheforeignersvisitothercountries,they

carrytheirculturealongwiththem.Iftheyadoptthelocalcustomsduring

theirstayinthehostcountry,itwillbeveryhelpfulforthemtogetbetter

communicationwiththelocalpeople.Mostpeopleconsidertravellingasa

waytorelaxaswellasachanceforself-improvementandexploringthe

world.Travellingisagoodopportunitytotrynewthingssuchastraditional

cuisines,musicandcustoms.Adaptingtolocalcultureswillhelpthe

foreignertoknowmoreaboutlocalculturesandrituals.Theycanexperience

andhaveabetterunderstandingoflocalculture.Forexample,peoplewho

havevisitedplaceslikeIndia,EgyptorChinahavebeenveryexcitedwhen

theytriedthelocalfoodorworetraditionaldress.Anexperiencelikethis

broadenspeople’shorizonsandenrichestheirknowledge.

Besides,thiswillhelpculturestospreadmoreextensivelyandglobally,

thereby,agreatnumberofvisitorsfromdifferentcountrieswillalsobe

attractedbythedestination.Thiswillhelppromptthetourismindustryand

alsoprovidemoreemploymentopportunitiesintherelatedindustries.

Somelocalcustomsandbehaviorsaremostlyregulatedbythereligionofthe

country,whichisverysensitivetomostpeople.Forinstance,insomeIslamic

countries,governmentsprohibitdrinkingalcoholfortouristsoraskwomen

touriststowearsomespecificdresses.AndinsomeAsiancountries,when

visitingatemple,touristsarenotallowedtowearshortsorslippers,which

aresymbolsofdisrespect.

Tosumup,consideringtheabovebenefits,touristsshouldalwayslearnlocal

customswhentheygotonewplaces.Theyneedtoknowsomecustomsin

advanceandthendecidewhethertogothereornot.Andhostcountriescan

encouragetouriststofollowlocalrulesandcustomsbyintroducingand

showingtheirbenefits.

【解析】

有些人認(rèn)為外國游客應(yīng)該遵循當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，但有些人認(rèn)為東道國應(yīng)

該歡迎文化差異。本題要求陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)，并進(jìn)行詳細(xì)說明。

范文作者的觀點(diǎn)是外國游客應(yīng)該尊重并遵循當(dāng)?shù)氐牧?xí)慣。第二段提出了

第一個(gè)原因：外國游客的主要目的是體驗(yàn)異域風(fēng)情，適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)俗可以

更好地進(jìn)行體驗(yàn)。第三段提出，游客們體驗(yàn)了異域風(fēng)情后，有利于當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

文化的對外傳播，從而吸引更多的人旅游。第四段提出了第三個(gè)原因，

某些國家的風(fēng)俗等與宗教信仰有關(guān)，這是非常敏感的，游客們應(yīng)該尊重

不同的文化。最后一段作者重申了自己的觀點(diǎn)并進(jìn)行了簡要總結(jié)。

2011年西安外國語大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

TaskOne:VocabularyandGrammaticalStructure

SectionA

Directions:Thissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytointerpretthe

meaningsofwordsindifferentcontexts.Readeachofthefollowing

sentencescarefullyandselectonewordorphrasefromthefourchoicesthat

isclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordineachsentence,andthenwrite

youranswersontheAnswerSheet.(20%)

1．Psychologistshavedoneextensivestudiesofhowwellpatientscomply

withdoctors’orders.

A.obey

B.understand

C.improvewith

D.agreewith

【答案】A

【解析】句意：心理學(xué)家對病人遵守醫(yī)囑的情況做了廣泛的研究。

complywith照做，遵守。

2．Starsarecomposedofintenselyhotgasesandderivetheirenergyfrom

nuclearreactionsoccurringintheinteriors.

A.extremely

B.uniformly

C.explosively

D.continually

【答案】A

【解析】句意：恒星由熾熱的氣體構(gòu)成，它們的能量來源于內(nèi)部的核反

應(yīng)。intensely強(qiáng)烈地。uniformly一致地。explosively爆發(fā)地，引起爆炸

地。

3．From1775to1776theAmericansundertookanunsuccessfulcampaign

againsttheBritishinCanada.

A.waged

B.headed

C.paidfor

D.attendedto

【答案】A

【解析】句意：1775年至1776年，美國人對在加拿大的英國人開展了一

次失敗的戰(zhàn)役。undertake承擔(dān)；從事。wage進(jìn)行；開展。attendto注

意；照料。

4．Becauseofitsoldmannerisms,theprayingmantishasalwaysintrigued

humanbeings.

A.fascinated

B.aggravated

C.offended

D.terrified

【答案】A

【解析】句意：由于其古老的習(xí)性，螳螂總是激起人類的好奇心。

intrigue激起……的興趣。fascinate使著迷。aggravate加重；使惡化。

5．Industrialself-sufficiencyintheUnitedStatesdevelopedsimultaneously

withthemassproductionoftextilesinNewEngland.

A.smoothly

B.concurrently

C.effectively

D.spontaneously

【答案】B

【解析】句意：美國工業(yè)的自給自足與新英格蘭紡織品的大量生產(chǎn)同步

發(fā)展。simultaneously同時(shí)地。concurrently同時(shí)發(fā)生地。spontaneously自

發(fā)地；自然地。

6．Theinitialappearanceofthesilverthree-centpiececoincidedw