云南省昆明市西山區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（含答案解析）

2023～2024學(xué)年高二年級(jí)上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題卷(本試卷共8頁;考試時(shí)間120分鐘，滿分150分)注意事項(xiàng)：1.本卷為試題卷?？忌忸}作答必須在答題卷(答題卡)上。答案書寫在答題卷(答題卡)相應(yīng)位置上(不能改動(dòng)答題卡上的標(biāo)題題號(hào))，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。2.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將試題卷和答題卷(答題卡)一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whyisthemantakingaplasticbagonhiswalk?A.Todosomeshopping.B.Topickupafterthedog.C.Tocarrysometoysforthedog.2.Whatsportsarethespeakersdoing?A.Skating.B.Running.C.Swimming.3.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Getabottleofwine.B.LookforherIDcard.C.Showherbirthdaygift.4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Feedbirdsathome.B.Lookforherseatatthefronthall.C.Watchthemanperformattheconcert.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Terry’swedding.B.Thewoman’sfamily.C.Theman’sschoollife.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanadmireaboutthewoman?A.Hertoughness.B.Herappearance.C.Herintelligence.7.Whenisthewoman’snextmeeting?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Thisevening.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhydidthewomangotoJapan?A.Totakeatrip.B.Toworkthere.C.Tovisitherfamily.9.Wheredoesthemanwork?A.Inashop.B.Inabank.C.Inarestaurant.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Familymembers.B.Friends.C.Co-workers.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whenwillthemanbefine?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.12WhatdoesthewomansayaboutMichigan?·A.Theyareweak.B.TheybeatIowa.C.Theywillhaveatoughtime.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Stayinbed.B.Seeadoctor.C.Watchsometapes.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Howdoesthemansoundthroughouttheconversation?A.Enthusiastic.B.Indifferent.C.Surprised.15.Whatwouldthespeakers’kidsloveaboutthehouse?A.Ithasmanybedrooms.B.Ithasalotoffurniture.C.Ithasabiglivingroom.16.Howmanycupboardsarethereinthehouse?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.17.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Seethehouse.B.Moveintothehouse.C.Findmoreinformationaboutthehouse.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Wheredoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Atabirthdayparty.B.Atagoodbyeparty.C.Ataretirementceremony.19.WhatdothestudentsthinkofMissBrown?A.Sheisfriendlybutstrict.B.Sheisseriousandboring.C.Sheishumorousandpatient.20.Whoisthespeaker?A.Aparent.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGooglePlaycrownsitsbest3appsGooglePlayreleaseditsbest3appsof2023Awards.Thewinnerscoverarangeofdifferentfunctions,includinglearningvisually,travelingagalaxyinarole-playingvideogame,andstreamingmusic.Imprint:LearnVisuallyTheImprintapphelpslearnerslearnabouttheworld’smostimportantessentialtopics.Theapphasmillionsofcourseswithdifferenttopicssuchaspsychology,philosophy,history,finance,business,science,andmore.Italsohaslessonstohelpyourownpersonalgrowth.Togetstarted,usersgetaseven-dayfreetrial.Oncethetrialexpires,userswillhavetosignupforasubscriptionof$15.99permonthor$100peryeartoaccessthefullcontentcatalog.Honkai:StarRailItisaspacefantasyrole-playgamingappwhoseimpressivegraphics,immersivegameplay,andcinematicanimationearnedittheBestiPhoneGameoftheYearaward.Inthegameplay,userswillgetthechancetoexploredifferentworldsandcivilizationswhileridingacrossthegalaxy.Thegameencouragesplayerstospendrealmoneyoncharacters,extraresources,andfasterexperience.SpotifyTheSpotifyapphasbeenaleaderinthemusic-streamingmarketforyears,dominatingthemarketwith574millionusersand226millionsubscribers.Somefeaturesthathavehelpedtheappearnitsplaceincludespeciallyselectedplaylists,theabilitytolistentomillionsofsongsforfree,andawonderfullisteningexperience,regardlessofwhetheryouhaveaniPhoneoranAndroid.1.HowmuchdoyoupayforusingImprintfor7days?A.$0. B.$15.99. C.$100. D.$700.2.Whichappwouldavideogameaddictdownload?A.Google. B.Imprint. C.Honkai. D.Spotify.3.WhatdoImprintandSpotifyhaveincommon?A.Theyhavevariouscourses. B.Theyprovidemillionsofsongs.C.Theyhavepersonalgrowthlessons. D.Theyprovidesomefreeexperience.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了GooglePlay評(píng)選出的3款最佳應(yīng)用。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Imprint:LearnVisually部分中“Togetstarted,usersgetaseven-dayfreetrial.Oncethetrialexpires,userswillhavetosignupforasubscriptionof$15.99permonthor$100peryeartoaccessthefullcontentcatalog.(用戶可以免費(fèi)試用7天。一旦試用期結(jié)束，用戶將不得不每月支付15.99美元或每年支付100美元的訂閱費(fèi)來訪問完整的內(nèi)容目錄。)”可知，用戶可以免費(fèi)試用7天。故選A。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章Honkai:StarRail部分中“Itisaspacefantasyrole-playgamingappwhoseimpressivegraphics,immersivegameplay,andcinematicanimationearnedittheBestiPhoneGameoftheYearaward.(這是一款太空奇幻角色扮演游戲應(yīng)用，其令人印象深刻的圖像、沉浸式游戲玩法和電影動(dòng)畫為其贏得了年度最佳iPhone游戲獎(jiǎng)。)”可知，電子游戲迷會(huì)下載Honkai。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章Imprint:LearnVisually部分中“Togetstarted,usersgetaseven-dayfreetrial.(用戶可以免費(fèi)試用7天。)”、文章Spotify部分中“theabilitytolistentomillionsofsongsforfree(免費(fèi)收聽數(shù)百萬首歌曲的能力)”可知，二者都提供一些免費(fèi)體驗(yàn)。故選D。BInmanyregionsofGhana,itcantakehourstogettothenearesthospital.Asaresult,manypeoplelosetheirlivestotreatableillnesses.OseiBoatengexperiencedthispersonallywhenhelosthisgrandmotherandaunt.Feelinganurgentcalltohelp,BoatengdecidedhewouldmakeithislifemissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.Boatengstartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation2yearsago,heconvertedavan(廂式貨車)intoamobiledoctor’sofficeandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancetoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.“It’slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,”saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.Sinceitslaunch,BoatengsaystheHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare.Boatenghasbigplansforthefuture.Hehopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymobilemedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.BoatenghasgoneallinonhisOKBHopeFoundation,recentlyquittinghisjobtodedicatehistimetobringinghealthcaretohishomecountry.Butforhim,thesacrificesarewellworththereward.“Wordscannotdescribethefeelingthatyougetprovidingcareforsomeonewhootherwisewouldn’tbealiveifyourmobilehealthvanwasn’tthere.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutOseiBoateng?A.HefoundedOKBHopeFoundation.B.Helosthislifetotreatableillnesses.C.Hebuilthospitalstomakegreatfortune.D.Helosthisgrandmotherinthehospital.5.WhatisspecialabouttheHopeHealthVan?A.Ithasonlyanurseandadoctor. B.It’safreemobilemedicalteam.C.It’samobileone-stopgroceryshop. D.Patientstravellongdistancestoit.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactofOKBHopeFoundation?ATemporary. B.Predictable. C.Far-reaching. D.Negative.7Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RescuingGhana B.MobileClinicSavesLivesC.BeAGoodDoctor D.ChangingLocalHospitals【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Boateng開辦OKBHopeFoundation，通過移動(dòng)診所的形式拯救生命的原因，以及該基金會(huì)的影響。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Boatengstartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation2yearsago(兩年前，OseiBoateng創(chuàng)辦了他的非營(yíng)利組織OKBHopeFoundation)”可知，他創(chuàng)立了OKBHopeFoundation。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancetoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.(流動(dòng)診所和醫(yī)療隊(duì)每周幾次長(zhǎng)途跋涉前往加納的偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)，提供免費(fèi)的常規(guī)醫(yī)療服務(wù)。)”可知，這是一支免費(fèi)的流動(dòng)醫(yī)療隊(duì)。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Sinceitslaunch,BoatengsaystheHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare.Boatenghasbigplansforthefuture.Hehopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymobilemedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.(Boateng說，自從啟動(dòng)以來，希望健康車已經(jīng)為超過45個(gè)農(nóng)村社區(qū)的4000多名加納人提供了服務(wù)，否則這些人就無法輕易獲得醫(yī)療服務(wù)。Boateng對(duì)未來有很大的計(jì)劃。他希望擴(kuò)大規(guī)模，不僅為生活在加納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的人們，也為其他國(guó)家的人們提供更加穩(wěn)定和高質(zhì)量的移動(dòng)醫(yī)療服務(wù)。)”可知，OKBHopeFoundation幫助了很多人，所以它的影響很深遠(yuǎn)。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段“Boatengstartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation2yearsago,heconvertedavan(廂式貨車)intoamobiledoctor’sofficeandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancetoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.(兩年前，Boateng創(chuàng)辦了他的非營(yíng)利組織OKB希望基金會(huì)，他把一輛面包車改裝成了一個(gè)流動(dòng)醫(yī)生辦公室，并開始直接為有需要的人提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)。流動(dòng)診所和醫(yī)療隊(duì)每周幾次長(zhǎng)途跋涉前往加納的偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)，提供免費(fèi)的常規(guī)醫(yī)療服務(wù)。)”可知，文章主要講述了Boateng開辦OKBHopeFoundation，通過移動(dòng)診所的形式拯救生命的原因，以及該基金會(huì)的影響。所以選項(xiàng)B“移動(dòng)診所拯救生命”符合題意。故選B。CThechallengeofstoringenergyyear-roundhasbeenoneofthebiggestobstaclestothewidespreadadoptionofgreenpower.However,PolarNightEnergyhasdevelopedtheworld’sfirstfullyfunctionalcommercialsandbattery,whichcouldofferalow-cost,eco-friendlysolutiontothestorageproblem.Itisthefirstcommercialsandbatteryintheworld,anditwasbuiltinKankaanpaa,Finlandin2022.Dr.NataliaSchiff,expertofPolarNightEnergy,saysthatsandbatteryworksbyheatingsanduptohightemperatures(ataround500℃)usingrenewableenergy,suchassolarorwindpower.Thehotsandcanthenbestoredformonthsorevenyears,andthendischargedtoprovideheatorelectricitywhenneeded.ThePolarNightsandbatteryhasacapacityof8megawatthours(MWh)ofthermal(熱量的)energy,anditcandischargeabout200kilowatts(kW)ofpower.Thismeansthatitcanprovideheatforabout4,000homesforaday,oritcangenerateenoughelectricitytopowerabout100homesforaday.Sandbatteryisrelativelyinexpensivetobuild,anditiscompatible(兼容的)withawiderangeofrenewableenergysources.Italsocanbebuiltinlargersizestostoremoreenergy,whichisapromisingnewtechnologyforstoringrenewableenergy.Sandbatteriescouldbeavaluabletooltocombatclimatechange.Theycouldhelptomakerenewableenergymorereliableandavailable,whichwouldreduceourrelianceonfossilfuels.Theycouldalsobeusedtoprovideheatinareasthatarenotconnectedtotheelectricity.Astheworldtransitionstoacleanenergyfuture,sandbatteriescouldplayanimportantroleinhelpingtobalancetheenergyandensuringthatwehaveareliablesourceofenergywhenweneedit.8.Whatisthecharacteristicofsandbattery?A.Costlyanddemanding. B.Cheapandclean.C.Costlyandimaginary. D.Cheapbutpolluting.9.WhatdoesDr.NataliaSchifftellus?A.Workingmodelofsandbattery.B.Statisticalmethodoftheresearch.C.Theoreticalbasisofmakingbatteries.D.Historicalanalysisofrenewableenergy.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“combat”inparagraph5mean?A.Comfort. B.Commit. C.Fightfor. D.Fightagainst.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsandbattery?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了沙電池的工作原理、優(yōu)點(diǎn)以及在應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化和能源平衡方面的應(yīng)用前景?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,PolarNightEnergyhasdevelopedtheworld’sfirstfullyfunctionalcommercialsandbattery,whichcouldofferalow-cost,eco-friendlysolutiontothestorageproblem.(然而，PolarNightEnergy公司已經(jīng)開發(fā)出了世界上第一個(gè)功能齊全的商用沙電池，它可以為儲(chǔ)存問題提供低成本、環(huán)保的解決方案)”可知，沙電池可以為儲(chǔ)存問題提供低成本、環(huán)保的解決方案，所以它的特點(diǎn)是便宜又干凈。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Dr.NataliaSchiff,expertofPolarNightEnergy,saysthatsandbatteryworksbyheatingsanduptohightemperatures(ataround500℃)usingrenewableenergy,suchassolarorwindpower.Thehotsandcanthenbestoredformonthsorevenyears,andthendischargedtoprovideheatorelectricitywhenneeded.(PolarNightEnergy專家娜塔莉亞·希夫博士說，沙電池的工作原理是利用太陽能或風(fēng)能等可再生能源將沙子加熱到高溫(約500℃)。然后，熱砂可以儲(chǔ)存數(shù)月甚至數(shù)年，然后在需要時(shí)排放以提供熱量或電力)”可知，娜塔莉亞·希夫博士說的是沙電池的工作原理，也就是沙電池的工作模型。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Theycouldhelptomakerenewableenergymorereliableandavailable,whichwouldreduceourrelianceonfossilfuels.(它們有助于使可再生能源更加可靠和可用，從而減少我們對(duì)化石燃料的依賴)”可知，沙電池有助于使可再生能源更加可靠和可用，從而減少我們對(duì)化石燃料的依賴，也就能對(duì)抗氣候變化。由此推知，劃線詞combat意為“對(duì)抗”，和D項(xiàng)Fightagainst意思相近。故填D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Astheworldtransitionstoacleanenergyfuture,sandbatteriescouldplayanimportantroleinhelpingtobalancetheenergyandensuringthatwehaveareliablesourceofenergywhenweneedit.(隨著世界向清潔能源的未來過渡，沙電池可以在幫助平衡能源和確保我們?cè)谛枰獣r(shí)擁有可靠的能源來源方面發(fā)揮重要作用)”可知，作者認(rèn)為沙電池可以發(fā)揮重要作用。由此推知，對(duì)沙電池的態(tài)度是贊同的。故選D項(xiàng)。DSealsmaysounddifferentthanexpectedfromtheirbodysize.Isthisabilityrelatedtotheirvocaltalentsorisittheresultofadaptation?AninternationalteamofresearchersledbyscientistsfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteinvestigatedthevocaltracts(聲道)ofseals,whichmatchedtheirbodysize.Thismeansthatsealsarecapableoflearningnewsounds.Mostanimalsproducecallsthatreflecttheirbodysize.Alargeranimalwillsoundlower-pitchedbecauseitsvocaltract,theair-filledtubethatproducessounds,islonger.Butsealsdonotalwayssoundliketheylook.Theymaysoundlarger,perhapstoimpressanenemy;orsmaller,perhapstogetattentionfromtheirmothers.Aretheseanimalsverygoodatlearningsounds,orhavetheirvocaltractsadaptedtoallowthisvocalflexibility(靈活性)?Toanswerthisquestion,ProfessorDeReusworkedtogetherwithresearchersfromtheMaxPlanckInstitute.Theteammeasuredyoungseals’vocaltractsandbodysize.Themeasurementsweretakenfrom68youngseals(uptotwelvemonthsold)whohaddied.Theteamalsore-analyzedpreviouslygatheredsealvocaldatatoconfirmtheirimpressivevocalflexibility.DeReusfoundthatthelengthofseals’vocaltractsmatchedtheirbodysize.Therewerenoanatomical(身體結(jié)構(gòu)的)explanationsfortheirvocalskills.Meanwhile,theresearchersarguethatonlyvocallearningcanexplainwhysealsdonotsoundliketheylook.“Vocallearnerswillsounddifferentfromtheirbodysize,butthesizeoftheirvocaltractswillmatchtheirbodysize.Thecombinedfindingsfromacoustic(聽覺的)andanatomicaldatamayhelpustoidentifymorevocallearners,”saysdeReus.“Studyingdifferentvocallearnersmayhelpustofindthebiologicalbasesofvocallearningandshedlightontheevolutionofcomplexvocalsystems,suchasspeech.Themorewelook,themoreweseethatitwouldhelptostudyhumanspeechability.”12.HowdidDeReusandtheteamconducttheresearch?A.Bytestingseals’ability.B.Byrecordingseals’behaviors.C.Byconfirmingtheflexibilityofseals.D.Bymeasuringseals’vocaltractsandanalyzing.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Sealsarerelatedwithhumanevolution.B.Sealscontributestohumanbiologicalbases.C.Studyingsealspromoteshumanspeechresearch.D.Seals’vocallearningisthesameashumanspeech.14.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Seals’vocaltractsarelong.B.Sealsarecapableofsinging.C.Sealshavetheabilitytolearnsounds.D.Youngsealsproducelower-pitchedsounds.15.Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanthetextberead?A.Chemistry. B.Nature. C.Environment. D.Lifestyle.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了海豹能夠根據(jù)不同情況學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)聲?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theteammeasuredyoungseals’vocaltractsandbodysize.Themeasurementsweretakenfrom68youngseals(uptotwelvemonthsold)whohaddied.Theteamalsore-analyzedpreviouslygatheredsealvocaldatatoconfirmtheirimpressivevocalflexibility.(研究小組測(cè)量了幼海豹的聲道和體型。這些測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)來自68只死亡的幼海豹（最大的12個(gè)月大）。研究小組還重新分析了之前收集的海豹聲音數(shù)據(jù)，以證實(shí)它們令人印象深刻的聲音靈活性)”可知，DeReus及其團(tuán)隊(duì)是通過測(cè)量海豹的聲道并分析進(jìn)行研究的。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Studyingdifferentvocallearnersmayhelpustofindthebiologicalbasesofvocallearningandshedlightontheevolutionofcomplexvocalsystems,suchasspeech.Themorewelook,themoreweseethatitwouldhelptostudyhumanspeechability.(研究不同的發(fā)聲學(xué)習(xí)者可以幫助我們找到發(fā)聲學(xué)習(xí)的生物學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，并揭示復(fù)雜發(fā)聲系統(tǒng)（如語音）的進(jìn)化。我們看得越多，就越覺得這有助于研究人類的語言能力)”可知，研究海豹有助于人類語言研究。故選C?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“AninternationalteamofresearchersledbyscientistsfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteinvestigatedthevocaltracts(聲道)ofseals,whichmatchedtheirbodysize.Thismeansthatsealsarecapableoflearningnewsounds.(由MaxPlanck研究所的科學(xué)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)國(guó)際研究小組調(diào)查了海豹的聲道，聲道與它們的體型相匹配。這意味著海豹有能力學(xué)習(xí)新的聲音)”可知，文章主要介紹了海豹能夠根據(jù)不同情況學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)聲。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“AninternationalteamofresearchersledbyscientistsfromtheMaxPlanckInstituteinvestigatedthevocaltracts(聲道)ofseals,whichmatchedtheirbodysize.Thismeansthatsealsarecapableoflearningnewsounds.(由MaxPlanck研究所的科學(xué)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)國(guó)際研究小組調(diào)查了海豹的聲道，聲道與它們的體型相匹配。這意味著海豹有能力學(xué)習(xí)新的聲音)”可知，文章主要介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于海豹聲道的研究，結(jié)果表明海豹能夠根據(jù)不同情況學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)聲，應(yīng)是出自網(wǎng)站的“自然”部分，故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wespendaboutathirdofourlivessleeping,soit’svitalthatwemakethemostofit!Gettingqualitysleepisessentialforbothourphysicalandmentalhealth.____16____.EstablisharegularsleepscheduleGoingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeachdayhelpstoregulateourbodiesnaturalsleeprhythm.____17____.Ifyouhavetroublefallingasleepatnight,trynottonapduringtheday.Nappingcanmakeithardertofallasleepatnight.____18____Ourbodiesarenaturallyprogrammedtosleepwhenit’sdarkoutside.So,trytokeepyourbedroomasdarkaspossiblewhenyou’retryingtosleep.Ifyouneedto,useblackoutcurtainsoraneyemasktoblockoutanyunwantedlight.GetupandmovearoundIfyoufindyourselflyinginbedawake,it’sbesttogetupandmovearoundforabit.____19____.Avoidwatchingtelevisionorworkingonthecomputer,asthebrightscreenscanstimulateyourbrainandmakeithardertofallasleepGetregularexerciseExerciseisagreatwaytoimproveyoursleep.Notonlydoesithelpyoufallasleepfaster,butitalsohelpsyousleepmoresoundlythroughthenight.Makesurethatyouavoidexercisingtooclosetobedtimeasthiscanactuallyhavetheoppositeeffect.____20____.Byfollowingthesetips,youcanhelpimprovethequalityofyoursleepandgettherestyouneedtoliveahealthylife!A.KeepyourbedroomdarkB.TryyourbesttogobacktobedC.ThereareplentyofotheroptionstotryD.TryreadingabookortakingarelaxingbathE.Inaword,gettingagoodsleepissignificantF.HerearesometipstoimprovethequalityofyoursleepG.Sosticktoaregularsleepscheduleasmuchaspossible【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。介紹了一些提高睡眠質(zhì)量的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Wespendaboutathirdofourlivessleeping,soit’svitalthatwemakethemostofit!Gettingqualitysleepisessentialforbothourphysicalandmentalhealth.(我們一生中大約有三分之一時(shí)間在睡覺，所以充分利用它是至關(guān)重要的!獲得高質(zhì)量的睡眠對(duì)我們的身心健康都至關(guān)重要)”并結(jié)合下文給出的建議可知，空處指出有提高睡眠質(zhì)量的方法，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Herearesometipstoimprovethequalityofyoursleep(這里有一些提高睡眠質(zhì)量的建議)”符合文意，承上啟下。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Goingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeachdayhelpstoregulateourbodiesnaturalsleeprhythm.(每天在同一時(shí)間睡覺和起床有助于調(diào)節(jié)我們身體的自然睡眠節(jié)奏)”可知，本段主題是有規(guī)律的睡眠時(shí)間的好處，所以G項(xiàng)“Sosticktoaregularsleepscheduleasmuchaspossible(所以要盡可能堅(jiān)持規(guī)律的睡眠時(shí)間表)”符合本段主題。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】分析設(shè)空，空處是本段小標(biāo)題，是對(duì)本段的高度概括，根據(jù)后文“Ourbodiesarenaturallyprogrammedtosleepwhenit’sdarkoutside.So,trytokeepyourbedroomasdarkaspossiblewhenyou’retryingtosleep.Ifyouneedto,useblackoutcurtainsoraneyemasktoblockoutanyunwantedlight.(當(dāng)外面天黑時(shí)，我們的身體會(huì)自然地進(jìn)入睡眠狀態(tài)。所以，當(dāng)你想睡覺的時(shí)候，盡量讓你的臥室保持黑暗。如果需要的話，使用遮光窗簾或眼罩來阻擋任何不需要的光線)”可知，本段主要講述睡覺時(shí)，保持周圍環(huán)境是黑暗的，所以A項(xiàng)“Keepyourbedroomdark(保持臥室黑暗)”符合文意，為本段小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Ifyoufindyourselflyinginbedawake,it’sbesttogetupandmovearoundforabit.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在床上睡不著，最好是起來走動(dòng)一下)”以及后文“Avoidwatchingtelevisionorworkingonthecomputer,asthebrightscreenscanstimulateyourbrainandmakeithardertofallasleep(避免看電視或在電腦前工作，因?yàn)槊髁恋钠聊粫?huì)刺激你的大腦，使你更難入睡)”可知，此處是在講述，當(dāng)晚上睡不著時(shí)，可以做的事，和避免做的事，所以D項(xiàng)“Tryreadingabookortakingarelaxingbath(試著讀一本書或洗個(gè)放松的澡)”符合本段主題，是睡不著時(shí)做的事。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Byfollowingthesetips,youcanhelpimprovethequalityofyoursleepandgettherestyouneedtoliveahealthylife!(遵循這些建議，你可以幫助提高你的睡眠質(zhì)量，得到健康生活所需的休息!)”可知，本段是在對(duì)前文作總結(jié)，所以E項(xiàng)“Inaword,gettingagoodsleepissignificant(總之，睡個(gè)好覺是很重要的)”是總結(jié)性句子，符合分段主題。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverhadtheexperienceofdininginthedark?RecentlyI____21____afriendtohavedinnerata“darkrestaurant”,wherepeopleeatin____22____darkness,servedbyblindstaff.Wewantedtobetterunderstandtheexperienceofbeingblind,andwethought____23____mightbethemostdifficultactivity.Itwasa____24____meal.Becausewecouldn’tseewhereanythingwas,myfriendandI____25____glassesanddroppedfood.Mysenseoftasteandsmellbecamemore____26____,andIatemuchmoreslowly,tryingto____27____whatIwaseating.Pouring____28____wasverydifficult,plusIkeptdrinkingfrommyfriend’sglass.AfterI____29____topickupanyfoodwithaforkforfiveminutes,Idecidedtousemy____30____.Ireacheddown,expectingriceandvegetables,butinsteadmyhand____31____abowlofwarm,thicksoup.“It’sbesttouseaspoonforthis____32____.”thewaitersaidtomyear,____33____butmuchtoolate.Evenusingaspoon,Ispilledmostofthesouponmyshirt.Ifelt____34____,eventhoughnoonecouldseeme.Ourwaiter____35____ustolifttheplatesandbowlsclosetoourfaces.ThoughIlefttherestaurantstillfeelinghungryIwasmuchawareofthechallengesthatblindpeopleface.21.A.observed B.accompanied C.remembered D.deserved22.A.soft B.partial C.complete D.wild23.A.reserving B.paying C.chatting D.eating24.A.difficult B.delicious C.expensive D.significant25.A.knockedover B.rolledover C.pickedup D.lookedup26.A.creative B.impressive C.sensitive D.effective27.A.count B.guess C.pretend D.record28.A.rice B.vinegar C.sugar D.water29.A.failed B.returned C.continued D.learned30.A.ears B.nose C.hands D.feet31.A.setaside B.packedup C.spreadout D.stuckinto32.A.task B.course C.bowl D.chance33.A.sorrowfully B.hopefully C.helpfully D.fearfully34.A.embarrassed B.confident C.surprised D.grateful35.A.commanded B.advised C.witnessed D.promised【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.A26.C27.B28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者去“黑暗餐廳”吃飯的經(jīng)歷?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，我陪一個(gè)朋友在一家“黑暗餐廳”吃飯，在那里，人們?cè)谕耆诎档沫h(huán)境中吃飯，服務(wù)員是盲人。A.observed觀察；B.accompanied陪同；C.remembered記??；D.deserved應(yīng)得。根據(jù)后文的“afriendtohavedinnerata“darkrestaurant””可知，“我”陪一個(gè)朋友在一家餐廳吃飯。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，我陪一個(gè)朋友在一家“黑暗餐廳”吃飯，在那里，人們?cè)谕耆诎档沫h(huán)境中吃飯，服務(wù)員是盲人。A.soft柔軟的；B.partial部分的；C.complete完全的，徹底的；D.wild自然生長(zhǎng)的。根據(jù)前文的“Haveyoueverhadtheexperienceofdininginthedark?”和“havedinnerata“darkrestaurant””可知，吃飯的餐廳是完全黑暗的。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們想更好地理解盲人的經(jīng)歷，我們認(rèn)為吃東西可能是最困難的活動(dòng)。A.reserving保留；B.paying支付；C.chatting聊天；D.eating吃。根據(jù)前文的“Haveyoueverhadtheexperienceofdininginthedark?”和“Wewantedtobetterunderstandtheexperienceofbeingblind”可知，“我們”想更好地理解盲人的經(jīng)歷，所以去“黑暗餐廳”吃飯，因?yàn)椤拔覀儭闭J(rèn)為吃東西可能是最困難的活動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一頓難吃的飯。A.difficult困難的；B.delicious美味的；C.expensive昂貴的；D.significant重要的。根據(jù)后文的“Becausewecouldn’tseewhereanythingwas,myfriendandI5glassesanddroppedfood.”可知，這頓飯?zhí)幱诤诎抵?，吃的很困難。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：因?yàn)槲覀兛床灰姈|西在哪里，我和我的朋友撞翻了杯子，掉了食物。A.knockedover撞倒；B.rolledover滾過；C.pickedup拿起；D.lookedup抬起頭來。根據(jù)前文的“Becausewecouldn’tseewhereanythingwas”和后文“glasses”可知，“我們”看不見東西在哪里，所以“我”和朋友撞翻了杯子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的味覺和嗅覺變得更加敏感，我吃東西的速度也慢了很多，努力去猜我吃的是什么。A.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；B.impressive令人印象深刻的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.effective有效的。根據(jù)前文的“Mysenseoftasteandsmellbecamemore”可知，因?yàn)榭床灰姈|西，所以我的味覺和嗅覺變得更加敏感。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的味覺和嗅覺變得更加敏感，我吃東西的速度也慢了很多，努力去猜我吃的是什么。A.count計(jì)數(shù)；B.guess猜測(cè)；C.pretend假裝；D.record記錄。根據(jù)前文的“Becausewecouldn’tseewhereanythingwas”可知，“我們”看不見東西在哪里，所以努力去猜“我”吃的是什么。故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：倒水非常困難，而且我一直從朋友的杯子里喝水。A.rice大米；B.vinegar醋；C.sugar糖；D.water水。根據(jù)前文的“Pouring”和后文“Ikeptdrinkingfrommyfriend’sglass.”可知，吃飯時(shí)倒水非常困難，而且從后文“我一直從朋友的杯子里喝水”來看，倒的不是醋。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我用叉子沒有拿起任何食物五分鐘后，我決定用我的手。A.failed失??；B.returned返回；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.learned學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文的“topickupanyfoodwithaforkforfiveminutes,Idecidedtousemy10.Ireacheddown,expectingriceandvegetables,butinsteadmyhand11abowlofwarm,thicksoup.”可知，“我”用“我”的手拿食物，因?yàn)樵诤诎抵小拔摇庇貌孀幽闷鹗澄锸?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我用叉子沒有拿起任何食物五分鐘后，我決定用我的手。A.ears耳朵；B.nose鼻子；C.hands手；D.feet腳。根據(jù)后文的“topickupanyfoodwithaforkforfiveminutes,Idecidedtousemy10.Ireacheddown,expectingriceandvegetables,butinsteadmyhand11abowlofwarm,thicksoup.”可知，“我”用“我”的手拿食物，而且被燙了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我伸出手，期待著米飯和蔬菜，但我的手卻伸進(jìn)了一碗熱乎乎的濃湯里。A.setaside留出；B.packedup把……打包；C.spreadout展開；D.stuckinto伸入。根據(jù)后文的“abowlofwarm,thicksoup”可知，“我”的手伸進(jìn)了一碗熱乎乎的濃湯里。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：吃這道菜最好用勺子。A.task任務(wù)；B.course一道菜；C.bowl碗；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)前文的“Ireacheddown,expectingriceandvegetables,butinsteadmyhand11abowlofwarm,thicksoup.“It’sbesttouseaspoonforthis”可知，“我”的手伸進(jìn)了一碗熱乎乎的濃湯里，服務(wù)員建議吃這道菜用勺子。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“吃這道菜最好用勺子?！笔陶邔?duì)我說，很有幫助，但太遲了。A.sorrowfully悲傷地；B.hopefully有希望地；C.helpfully有幫助的；D.fearfully可怕地。根據(jù)前文的“It’sbesttouseaspoonforthis12”可知，“我”的手伸進(jìn)了一碗熱乎乎的濃湯里，服務(wù)員建議吃這道菜用勺子，可見他的建議很有幫助。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到很尷尬，即使沒有人能看到我。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.confident自信的；C.surprised吃驚的；D.grateful感激的。根據(jù)前文的“myhand11abowlofwarm,thicksoup”可知，“我”的手伸進(jìn)了一碗熱乎乎的濃湯里，所以很尷尬。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：服務(wù)員建議我們把盤子和碗舉到離臉近的地方。A.commanded命令；B.advised建議；C.witnessed見證；D.promised許諾。根據(jù)后文的“ustolifttheplatesandbowlsclosetoourfaces”可知，這是服務(wù)員給出的關(guān)于怎么順利吃飯的建議。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DidyouwatchthepopularTVseriesMeetYourselfduringyourwintervacation?IntheTVseries,theheroineXuHongdoutravelstoavillageinYunnanprovinceandvolunteersatalocalcafé.Shegetsfreemeals____36____return.Astheshowfindsagrowingaudience,volunteertravel(anold-yet-modernformoftravel)similartoXu’stypeofworkhasattractedmoreattention.Duringthetrip