Unit+1+Lights,+camera,+action!++Grammar+and+usage 高一英語牛津譯林版（2020）必修第二冊(cè)

Unit1Period2Grammarandusage新課導(dǎo)入Watchthevideoandseewhatfilmisit?TheJungleBook課堂學(xué)習(xí)BelowisanintroductionLauragavetoherclassaboutTheJungleBook.Payattentiontotheunderlinedsubjectsandverbsandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirsttwohavebeendoneforyou.EveryonewassurprisedwhenDisneysaiditsfilmteammemberswereremakingTheJungleBook.BasedonRudyardKipling'sbookofthesametitle,itdescribesthestoryofaboynamedMowgli.MowgliandhisanimalfriendslivehappilyinthejungleuntilonedayShereKhanthetigerreturnsandtriestodrivehimoutofthejungle.In1967,Disneyadaptedthebookintoacartoonfilm,whichiswidelyregardedasaclassic.However,itsoldageshows.Thenewfilmusesmuchmoreadvancedtechnology—notonlytheanimalsbutalsothejungleisdigitallycreated.Buildingthejungleenvironmentonthecomputerwasnoeasyjob.Ittookmorethan800artistsoverayeartoworkontheproject.TheJungleBooklastsforabouttwohoursbutthereisenoughtensionandhumourtoholdyourattentionduringthewholefilm.Twohoursseemsveryshortwhenyou'rehavingsomuchfun!AExploringtherulesSubject+SingularverbSubject+PluralverbEveryonewas

Itsfilmteammemberswereitsoldageshows…Thenewfilmusesnotonlytheanimalsbutalsothejungleis…Buildingthejungleenvironmentonthecomputerwas…TheJungleBook

lasts…thereisenoughtensionandhumour…Twohoursseems…Mowgliandhisanimalfriendslive…WorkingouttherulesSubject-verbagreementmeanschoosingthecorrectsingularorpluralverbaccordingtothe(1)__________.Theverbshouldbesingularifthesubjectis(2)__________;theverbshouldbepluralifthesubjectis(3)______.

*

Youcanchoosemorethanoneanswerforeachblank.

aasingularnoun

bapluralnoun

canuncountablenoun

dabook/filmtitle

eaverb-ingform

faphraseoftwoormorewordslinkedbyand,referringtotwo

ormoreobjectsorpeople

gapronounlikeeveryone

haphraseofmeasurementliketwohoursWhennotonly...butalso...isusedasthesubjectofasentence,ortherebeisfollowedbytwoormorenounsasthesubjectofasentence,theverbagreeswiththenounclosesttoit.subjectacdeghbf主謂一致(Subject-verbagreement)含義：句子主語和謂語動(dòng)詞在“人稱”和“數(shù)”方面保持

一致,叫做主謂一致。原則：一般情況下,主謂之間的一致關(guān)系要遵循語法一致

原則、就近一致原則和意義(內(nèi)容)一致原則。1.謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式的情況。(1)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞作主語。e.g.Mybrotherlikessports.Waterboilsat100°C.(2)非謂語動(dòng)詞或從句作主語。e.g.LearningEnglishisfun.WhatIwantisaninterestingbook.(3)表示時(shí)間、金錢、度量等概念的名詞作主語。e.g.Threedaysisenough.Onehundreddollarsisalotofmoneytome.2.謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式的情況。(1)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語。e.g.Librariesareimportantplaces.(2)具有復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞（如people、police等）作主語。e.g.Manypeoplelikepets.Thepolicearetheretokeeporder.【注意】people意為“民族”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，有單數(shù)形式。e.g.TheChineseareagreatpeople.(3)“the+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，表示某個(gè)群體。e.g.Therichoftenhelpthepoor.3.其他情況(1)集體名詞（collectivenoun）作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要視

集體名詞表達(dá)的概念而定。集體名詞是表示“一群人”或“一些

事物”的名詞，如family、team、group等。

☆

集體名詞表示一個(gè)整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；

☆

表示組成集體的成員時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g.Myfamilyisahappyone.Myfamilylovemusic.(2)and連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)視具體情況而定。由and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。e.g.ChineseandMathematicsaretwoimportantsubjects.☆

如果and連接的結(jié)構(gòu)表示一個(gè)人或物，則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。e.g.Thespeakerandwriterisaformergraduateofourschool.Breadandbutterismyusualbreakfast.☆

如果and連接兩個(gè)“every/each+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞常用

單數(shù)形式。e.g.Everyboyandeverygirlinourclasshasmadegreatprogress.(3)由or、notonly...butalso...等連接的并列名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于靠近謂語動(dòng)詞的名詞，即就近原則。therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式也遵循就近原則。e.g.Paulorhisclassmatesaretowriteareport.Thereisadictionary,twonotebooksandapenonthedesk.(4)主語后跟有with、togetherwith、aswellas、alongwith、except、inadditionto等引導(dǎo)的短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語保持“數(shù)”的一致。e.g.Bill,togetherwithhisfriends,waspresentatthelecture.Nooneexcepttwoboyswashurt.(5)如果主語中的名詞或代詞由分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)或allof、someof、mostof等短語限定，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于名詞的類別。e.g.Twothirdsofthestudentsareinterestedinmovies.Mostofthemoneyhasbeencollected.(6)如果主語由“...kind(s)/sort(s)/type(s)of+名詞”構(gòu)成，謂語動(dòng)詞常與kind、sort或type保持“數(shù)”的一致。e.g.Thiskindofflowerismostbeautiful.Thesetypesofcarsaresoldtoothercountries.Summary主謂一致(Subject-verbagreement)主謂一致

123就近原則語法一致意義/內(nèi)容一致1.主語雖有and連，and后面沒有冠，僅指一人或一事，謂語仍然是單數(shù)。2.成雙成套的名詞謂常用復(fù)數(shù)，但有表示一對(duì)/一雙等量詞修飾時(shí)謂用單數(shù)。3.Manya,Morethanone，謂語動(dòng)詞均用單數(shù)。4.定語從句看先行詞，oneof后謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；theonlyoneof后謂語用單數(shù)。5.主語單數(shù)后接介,謂語單數(shù)介無關(guān)。主謂一致

123就近原則語法一致意義/內(nèi)容一致or、nor、butalso、therebeSummary主謂一致(Subject-verbagreement)主謂一致

123就近原則語法一致意義/內(nèi)容一致1.名詞：集體名詞謂用單，如若強(qiáng)調(diào)其成員，復(fù)數(shù)謂語記心間;

單復(fù)同形名詞作主語，謂語形式看語義；形復(fù)實(shí)單名詞作主語，謂語總是用單數(shù)。2.形容詞：the+形容詞，表示一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。3.數(shù)詞、量詞：①時(shí)間，金錢、度量衡，謂語常作單數(shù)看。②數(shù)量、分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞作主語,of之賓語定答案。4.代詞：①不定代詞all,more,some,any,none作主語或修飾主語,謂語動(dòng)詞視情況。②兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞由and連，every，each，no，manya，同一概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。5.從句：①what引導(dǎo)從句作主語，通常謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；但如所指意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Summary主謂一致(Subject-verbagreement)Circlethecorrectwordstocompletethefollowingsentences.B1BApplyingtherules1Is/Arefivemilliondollarsenoughtomakeagoodfilm?2IthinkMowgliandShereKhanis/arethemostinterestingcharactersinTheJungleBook.3Drinkingcolaoftenmakes/makethecinemaexperiencemoreenjoyable.4Thereis/areonetreeandthreechildrenonthefilmposter.5FantasticBeastsandWheretoFind

Themwas/weredirectedbyDavidYates.6Ifanyoneis/areinterestedinthefilm,pleaseletmeknow.Insentence5,thesubjectisanameofabook.

Eventhoughthename

containsapluralnoun

“beasts”andaconjunction“and”,theverbshould

stillbesingular.Afterthetalk,LaurachattedwithSimon.Completetheconversationwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsintheboxbelow.Someverbscanbeusedmorethanonce.B2be

look

make

requireSimon:

TheJungleBooksoundsgreat.Butwhat(1)_______thenewfilmso

muchbetterthantheoriginal?Laura:Thepicturequality,aswellasthespecialeffects,

(2)____farbetter.

Notonlytheanimalsbutalsotheforest(3)______soreal!Whileyou

watch,youfeellikereachingoutyourhandtotouchtheleaves.Simon:Soundssuper!Believeitornot,there

(4)____onlyonerealhuman

characterinthefilm.Laura:That’sMowgli,playedbyachildactornamedNeelSethi.Therest

(5)______alldigitallycreated.makesis

looksisarebe

look

make

requireSimon:Doesthatmeanhehadtoactalone?Laura:Yes.Whenheactedaloneinfrontofagreenscreen,alotof

imagination(6)____________.Therewasanotherproblem:

thedigitallycreatedanimalshadnoshadows,butthefilm

team(7)_________abletofindasolution.Simon:Howwastheproblemsolved?Laura:Lightandshadows(8)______thrownontoMowgliwith

theaidofasystem

theydeveloped,showingthatanimals

weremovingnearhim.Simon:That’sreallyinterestingandcreative!wasrequiredwas/werewereWriteashortparagraphabout3-Dfilms.Usethefollowinginformationtohelpyou.Payattentiontosubject-verbagreement.B33-DfilmsHistoryWerefirstmadein1915AdvantageMakethingslookliketheyarecomingoutofthescreenDisadvantages?Sometimescauseheadachesandsicknessforviewers?Needaspecialcinemaan