2023-2024學(xué)年上海市黃埔新區(qū)高三上冊(cè)期末英語模擬試卷（附答案）

2023-2024學(xué)年上海市黃埔新區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期末英語模擬試卷I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1. A.Gotocatchthenexttrain. B.Listentothetrafficreport. C.Gotothecitybyothertransportation. D.Checktheweekendschedule.2. A.Itdoesn’ttakealongtimetogetthere. B.Thelectureshavebeenputoff. C.Thereisnoneedtohurry. D.Thelectureshavealreadystarted.3. A.ThewomanshouldhavegonetoParisearlier. B.HestudiedFrenchinadiferentwayinhighschool. C.LifeinParishelpedimprovethewoman’slanguageskills. D.ThewomanmusthavehadagoodteacherinParis.4. A.Shethinksthepostofficeisnearby. B.Sheisalsolookingforthepostoffice. C.Shethinkstheman’sguessisright. D.Shedoesn’tknowwherethepostofficeis.5. A.Hercoatissimilartotheman’s. B.Themanneedn’thavebroughtthecoat. C.Hersweaterisnotwarmenough. D.Themanshouldn’thavewornasweater.6. A.Makesuretheregistrationofficedidn’tmakeamistake. B.Decidewhethertodropthecourseinthefirstweek. C.Findoutifaplaceopensupinthecourselater. D.Takethecourseofthecreativewritingnextyear.7. A.HerecentlyspentamonthinNewYork. B.Hecanrecommendmanythingstodo. C.Hesuggeststhewomanextendhertrip. D.Hebetsthewomanwillhavefunthere.8. A.Disappointed. B.Excited. C.Proud. D.Embarrassed.9. A.Hetalkslessthanheusedto. B.Hehasn’thadtimetoplaytennisrecently. C.Heshouldn’thavebehavedsoproudly. D.Hehasnevertalkedtoherafterthegame.10. A.Themanshouldhavehadhiscarinspectedearlier. B.Therearealwaysalotofpeopleattheautoinspectioncenter. C.Shewaitedlongerthanthemandidtohavehercarinspected. D.Theautoinspectioncenterwillcloseattheendofthemonth.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversations.Thepassagesandtheconversationswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11. A.Thetruck’soverspeeding. B.Thetruck’sheavyload. C.Theterribleweather. D.Thepedestrians’carelessness.12. A.Therelocationofseveralfactories. B.Thecompany’spayoffer. C.Thehighrateofunemployment. D.Theunion’sdemand.13. A.Theywillincreasebyathirdthisyear. B.Theyhavebeenrisinginthelastfiveyears. C.TheaveragepriceofahouseintheUKis￡255,900 D.Theymakeitextremelydiffcultforthoseonthepropertyladdertobuyahouse.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14. A.Whatcausesfearfulnessexternally. B.Whymiceareparticularlyfearfulanimals. C.Whetherfearfulnessisinheritedornot. D.Howanimalsreacttofrighteningsituations.15. A.Theywanderedaroundthebox. B.Theybredagainandagain. C.Theycouldn’tfindahidingplace. D.Theyremainedclosetoonewall.16. A.Somechangesinthenervoussystem. B.Theinterferencefromhumanbeings. C.Thesizeofnervecellsinthebrain. D.Theexistenceofcertainnervecells.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17. A.Inthewoman’shometown. B.Intheman’shometown. C.Outsidetheirhometown. D.Inasmalltown.18. A.Choosewhicheverfriendcangivethebesttoast. B.Choosewhicheverfriendcanplanthereception. C.Choosewhicheverfriendknowsalltheirin-laws. D.Choosewhicheverfriendknowsalotaboutweddings.19. A.Thebride’sfamily. B.Aweddingplanner. C.Thegroom’sfamily. D.Thenewcouple.20. A.Shedoesn’tthinkitisatradition. B.Shethinkshermother-in-lawcanplantheweddingwell. C.Shethinksitwillcosttoomuchtohaveaweddingplanner. D.Shedoesn’twantherweddingtobeinthechargeofsomeoneunknowntoher.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Areyouafraidofgettingold?(21)________________________wegetpasttheageof25,manyofusimmediatelyfeeltheurgetostopthesignsofageing—especiallythevisibleones.Menandwomenarenowusingtopical“anti-ageing”creams,treatmentsandmedicalprocedures(22)________(oppose)manyofthem.(23)________thesemethodscansomewhataffectthewayyoulook,ageingisaninternalprocess.Anewstudyhasfoundexactlywhenduringyourlifetimethisprocesspeaks.AgroupscientistsbasedoutoftheStanfordUniversitySchoolofMedicinehavediscoveredthat(24)________________beingasmooth,continuousprocess,ageingsurgesforwardatthreedistinctstagesoflife:first,attheageof34,thenatage60,andfinallyat78.Thestudy,publishedinNatureMedicine,(25)________(reveal)thatscientistscannotonlypredictyouragebystudyingtheproteome(proteinlevelsintheblood)butalsodeterminewhichorgansareageingfasterthantheothers,andwhichage-relateddiseasesyourbodyis(26)________(likely)todevelop.Thestudymeasuredplasmaproteins(血漿蛋白)collectedfrom4,263adultsbetweentheagesof18-95yearsandstudiedthechangesintheproteomethatoccurredwithage.Theirultimategoalwastounderstandhowtoidentifythechangesassociatedwithcardiovascularissuesandage-relateddiscaseslikeAlzheimer’s(27)________________therapeutictreatmentscanbedevisedtoopposetheirattackwhilethere’sstilltime.DrTonyWyss-Coray,oneoftheleadingmembersofthestudy,toldStanfordMedicineNewsCenter,“We’veknownforalongtimethat(28)________(measure)certainproteinscangiveyouinformationaboutaperson’shealthstatus—lipoproteins(脂蛋白)forcardiovascular(心血管的)health,forexample.Butithasn’tbeenappreciatedthatsomanydifferentproteins’levels—roughlyathirdofalltheoneswelookedat—changemarkedlywithadvancingage.”Thisdifferencebetweenthechronological(按時(shí)間計(jì)算的)andphysiological(生理的)age,accordingtothescientists’“plasma-proteinclock",showedthatalotofpeopleinthestudyseemedyoungerthantheyactuallyare.What’smore,thestudyalsoconfirmedthatmenandwomen,thoughequally(29)________(represent)inthestudy,agedifferently.Doesthismeanmedicafionsandlifestylemethods,withfurtherresearch,canalsobedevisedtohelp(30)________agestoorapidlyandisatriskofcontractingage-relateddiseaseslikehypertensionandAlzheimer’s?Youneverknow.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox,Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.approach B.beneficiaries C.recently D.eliminates E.nutrientsF.practices G.irreparable H.threat I.undesirable J.panic K.naturallyTheBeneficialEffectsofForestFiresForestfiresareundoubtedlyathreat.Inthemid-1900s,allforestburnswereconsidered__31__,andfirefightersrespondedtoallofthesefireswhetherornottheywereburningclosetowherehumanslived.This__32__toforestfireswasbothexpensiveandrisky,However,more__33__forestmanagersbegantoseethatforestfiresdidhavebenefits.Foresterssawthatforestfireswerebeneficialfortreesandsoil.Previously,peoplebelievedthatforestfirescaused__34__damagetotrees,however,nowforestmanagersknowthattreesarethemajor__35__offires.Many__36__occuringforestfires,oftencausedbylightningstrikes,aresurfacefiresthatburntheunderstory---theshrubsandherbsfromtheforest---withoutdamagingthetreesintheoverstory,Inthisway,thefire__37__competitionfromthesmallertrees,allowingthelargertreestoflourish.Oncetheunderstoryhasbeenburnedaway,theforestislesslikelytoburnfromhigh-temperaturefiresthatcandorealdamagetothetalltrees.Inthepast,itwasnotobvioushowforestfiresenrichedthesoil.Today,forestersunderstandthatforestfiresimprovesoilqualitybychangingthe‘litter’----deadleavesandbranchesontheforestfloor----tonutrient-richsoil.Normally,litterdecomposesveryslowly.However,firereleasesthe__38__inthelitterimmediately.Thiscreatesanincreaseintheamountofphosphorusandpotassiumwhicharekeyelementsthatpromotetreegrowth.Asforestmanagershavelearedmoreaboutthelong-termeffectsofforestfires,theyhaverealizedthatforestfirescanhavebeneficialeffectsandhavechangedtheirforestmanagement__39__toreflectthisnewopinion.Itisnowrecognizedthatforestfires,areanaturalpartofforestecosystemsandarebeneficialtothetreesandsoil.Aslongasfiresareno__40__tohomesandcommunities,forestersnowoftenchoosetodonothingtostopthefires.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,BCandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Historyhasnotyet__41__whatwewilldefinitivelycallthepostmillennialcohort(2000年后出生的人)thatnowU.S.__morethan60millionpeopleintheU.S.Thesekidsand__43__withnoconceptoflife__44__theIntemethavesofarbeencalledtheAppGenerationandGenerationZ.They’vebeenreferredtoasHomelanders,havinggrownupundertheghostofterorism.They’vealsobeen__45__thePlurals,fortheirhistoricdiversity,aswellastheFounders,atleastbyMTV.Whateverwe__46__namingthem,marketersandacademiesaretumingtheirattentiontothisgroup,whichhasbillionsin__47__andisalreadyshapingtheculture,Thisgenerationisgrowingup“totallyandutterlyconnected,”saysCaliforniaStateUniversitypsychologistLarryRosen.ExpertslikeRosenhaveconcernsaboutthesekids’Google-inspiredexpectationsthateverythingbe__48__.Theyworryabouttheirinabilityto__49__evenfivesecondsofboredom,Andtheyworryaboutthedemandsthatcomewith__50__severalidentitiesonline,fromtotoSnapchat.“There’ssomuchpressureonyoungpeople,whoarestill__51__theiridentities,topresentthiscrystallized,idealizedidentityonline,”saystheUniversityofWashington’sKatieDavis.HistorianNeilHowesees__52__withtheSilentGeneration,thespoilt,risk-avoiding,“nice”generationofkidswhogrewupduringtheGreatDepressionandWorldWarll,althoughsomemarkeddifferencesarefound.Today’syouthsarealsocomingofageamonggeopoliticaltroubleandfearsabouttheeconomy,hesays,__53__schoolsemphasizeanintensefar-reachingsensitivitytootherkids.Hesuspectsthis__54__willbeknownforbeingwellbehavedandperhapsboringtheculturebyplayingitsafe.“Therearetypicalexamplesthatoccurrepeatedly,”Howesays,“eveniftheygobydifferent__55__.”41.A.remarked B.convinced C.guaranteed D.revealed42.A.numbers B.houses C.accommodates D.contains43.A.peers B.adolescents C.folks D.guys44.A.over B.without C.besides D.beyond45.A.diagnosed B.dismissed C.labeled D.coined

46.A.endup B.considerabout C.appealfor D.approveof47.A.distributionforce B.purchasingpowerC.globalview D.uniqueoutlooks48.A.vivid B.instructive C.instant D.profitable49.A.feedupwith B.putupwith C.makeupfor D.identifywith50.A.faking B.revising C.illustrating D.maintaining51.A.supervising B.forming C.representing D.promoting52.A.parallels B.contrasts C.comparisons D.reservations53.A.because B.although C.while D.when54.A.emphasis B.generation C.intensity D.cultivation55.A.routes B.schemes C.names D.definitionsSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinjshedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Athese.culturesearItookatriptoEnglandandFrancetogoseesomefriends,Itwasawonderfultrip;lreallylovedit.Butonethingthatstruckmewashowdifferenttheseculturesarefrornourown.lguessthiswouldstrikeanytravelerbecausethatisthefirstthingyounoticeanditiswhatmakestravelsoexciting.Ofcourse,these.culturesarealsosimilartooursinmanyrespects,butit’sthedifferencesthatreallystandout.the.differentingsthatstruckmeinparticularwasthe.differentattitudestowardssmoking.Asyouknow,there’sagrowinganti-smokingsentimentinEurope.However,whenIwenttoEnglandandFrance,Igotanewperspectiveonthisissue.Peopleseemtosmokeanywhereandeverywhere,eventhoughanti-smokingsignsarealloverpublicplaces.Ontheradio,IheardaboutamemberoftheWorldCupsoccerteamwhosmoked.Andpeoplewereactuallysaying,“Well,heshouldnotbeontheteambecausehe’sabadexampleforourchildren.”Ithink,iftheywanttolookatbadexamplesfortheirchildren,theyshouldjustgooutonthestreet,orgointothesubways,orlookinthemirror,even,becausesomanyofthemaresmokinginveryinappropriateplaces.IvisitedarestaurantbuffetinLondonandsawanEnplishwomanscoopingupthefoodwithalitcigaretteinherhand.Smokerisingintotheair.Actually,whenItalkedtoEnglishpeoplelater,theywereprettyshockedtoo,andtheysaidthatsmokinginarestaurantisrudeevenbyBritishstandards.ThisdidnotgivemeabadimpressionofEnglishpeople.Itgaveme,onthecontrary,apositivefeelingtowardAmericansmokers.TherearealotofAmercansmokerswhowillproclaimtheirrighttosmokewhenevertheywant,buttheywillfollowtherules,generally,becausetheyhaveconsiderationfornonsmokers.SothisexperienceinEuropegavememoreofarespectforthiskindofsmoker.56.WhatsurprisedthewriterduringhistriptoEnglandandFrance?A.ThewonderfultriptoEnglandandFrance.B.Culturaldifferencesthathenoticedduringhistrip.C.Similaritybetweenculturesstandsoutmorethandifferences.D.Growinganti-smokingviewsinEurope.57.WhatdidthespeakerfindinEnglandandFranceaboutthesmokingissue?A.Peoplediscussthesmokingissueortheradio.B.Smokersareallowedtosmokeanywhereandanytime.C.Peopleareencouragedtosmokeininappropriateplaces.D.Manysmokerspaynoattentiontothe“NoSmoking”signs.58.Theword''sentiment"’inthesecondparagraphmeans____________.A.feeling B.movement C.offense D.regulation59.Whatkindofsmokersdoesthespeakerrespect?A.ThosewhoarefromAmericaandEurope.B.Thosewhorespectothers’feelings.C.Thosewhodefendtherighttosmoke.D.Thosewhosetrulesofsmokinginpublicplaces.BOneofthemostwell-knownfiguresofAmericanhistory,ThomasJeffersonwasthethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStatesandtheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence.Hislifewasaninspiringoneandatthesametimealittlebitcontradictorytohisstatementsandwayoflivinglife,andthushehasformedthesubjectofalotofauthors’books.JeffersonandhistimeThisisaBiographyofthelifeofJeffersonpublishedin6volumesoveraverylongperiodof34yearsstaringfrom1948till1982.

ReaditFor:ItisanentirecollectionintroducingallaspectsofJefferson’slifeingreatdetailsfromhischildhoodtillhislastdays.Forhistoryenthusiasts,thisisawonderfulbookthatwillgiveyouinsightintothelifeofoneofthemostmemorableAmericanleaders.

Don’tReaditFor:Thisseriesisabiographyandstrictlyaworkofnon-fiction.Itisreadingaboutthelifeofapersonandmightgetboringforsome.AmericanSphinxAninterestingyetstrangebook,thispieceofwritingisnotanattempttoshedlightonthelifeofJeffersonbutratheranattempttounderstandhismind.Jeffersonwasonewhospokesomethingbutdidthecompleteoppositeofit.

ReaditFor:

ThisbooktriestoanalyzeJefferson’slifebutdoesnotdoitinawaythatcriticizeshimoridolizeshim.ThisNationalAwardwinningbookperfectlybalancestheactofexaminingsomeone’sactsandgeneralbehaviorandtryingtofigureoutthereasonbehindhiscontradictorystatementsandacts.

Don’tReaditFor:IfyouaresearchingforabookaboutJefferson’slife,thisisnotforyou.Itcoversafeweventsofhislife,nothisentirelife.ThisPoliticalBiographybyMeachamtakesyouonajourneyintotheworldthatJeffersonlivedinandsawitthroughhiseyes.ItshowshowJeffersonformedtheworldaroundhimandhandledsituationsandpeopletoshapetheAmericanpoliticalsystemasitistoday.TheArtofPowerReaditFor:Thedepthwithwhichthisbookiswritteniscommendable.ItisnotedthattheworkdonebyMeachaminthisbookputsyouinsideJefferson’sheadandmakesyouunderstandwhatitwouldbeliketobeJefferson.

Don’tReaditFor:WhilethisbookshowsthegeniusofJefferson,itcancomeoffasbias,showingJeffersoninaverypositivelightandhisopponentsinaverynegativelight.60.IfonewantstoknowThomasJefferson’sexperienceinhiswholelife,______ismosthighlyrecommended.A.“JeffersonandHisTime”B.“AmericanSphinx”C.“TheArtofPower”D.noneoftheabove61.Havingread“AmericanSphinx”,youmay______.A.learnhowThomasgotthroughhischildhoodindetailsB.understandwhyThomas’wordsanddeedswerenotalwaysmatchedC.knowhowordinarypeoplecriticizeoridolizehimD.learnhowJeffersonformedtheworldaroundhimandaddressedsituations62.Oneproblemabout“TheArtofPower”isthatreaders______.A.mayfeelboredwhiletheyarereadingitB.cannotgetacompletedescriptionofThomas’lifeC.learnThomas’politicallifemainlyfromhistorians’perspectiveD.cannotgetanobjectivepointofviewaboutThomas’giftCTheUnitedNationsFoodSystemsSummit(峰會(huì))heldlastSeptemberwasovershadowedbyapowerfulcounter-moblilizationeffortledbyfarmersandscientistsandsmall-scalefoodproducersacrosstheworld.OppositiontothesummithadbeenmountingsinceJuly,whenhundredsofgrassrootsorganizationschallengedtheorganizersforframingtheproblemoffoodsystemsinnarrow,technocraticwaysandoffering“falsesolutions”suchasbiotechnologicalinterventions(干預(yù))insteadofpromotingmoresustainable,justandpeople-firstwaysoffarming.AlsoinJulythePhilippinesapprovedcommercialcultivationofBteggplant,ageneticallymodified(GM)foodthatproducesaproteinthatkillseggplantfruitand“GoldenRice”changedtoproducebeta-carotene,theforerunnerofvitaminA.ThePhilippinesthusbecamethefirstcountryinSouthandSoutheastAsiaofapproveGMrice.AdvocatesofGMcropspraisedthePhilippines’moveasavictoryofscience.SincetheU.N.’sfoodsummitwasannouncedtwoyearsago,differentgroupshavesteadilyreducedapplicationsofsciencetoglobalproblemstoalimitedsetofinvestor-orientedinnovations.Withinthisorbit,agriculturalbiotechnologyanddigitalizationareboastedasvitaltoachievingtheU.N.’ssustainabledevelopmentgoals.Asgovernmentsnowdebatethewayforwardfromthesummit,itiscriticaltorecognizethatanarrowfocusontechnologytoaddressthecomplexstructuralproblemsoffarmingandfoodhasanastonishinglypoortrackrecord.Atitsbase,GMcropsarerootedinacolonial-capitalistmodelofagriculturebasedontheftoflocallandandonexploitingfarmers’andfoodworkers’labor,nativeknowledgeandthewebofliftitself.Todaythisagriculturalmodelisresponsiblenotonlyforincreasingfarmdebt,depletedsoils,andthreatstonativeseedsandbiodiversitybutalsothedestructionoffarmers’knowledgeandskills.Fortheworldtoachievesustainability,thiscolonialmodelofagriculturemustbedismissed,andpromisingagroecologicalapproachesbasedonworkingwithbiodiversityandfarmers’knowledgeandskillsshouldbebroughttocenterstage.MostGMcropsareengineeredwithresistancetoherbicides(除草劑)andinsects,whichhasnotonlycontributedtotheemergenceof“super-weeds”andincreasingpesticideusebuthasdriventheglobalgrowthofseedandchemicalindustries.Thesekindsofcropshaveprincipallybenefitedlarge-scalefarmers,graintradersandmultinationalcorporationsinvolvedinsellingseedsandpesticides.MultinationalagribusinesseshaveunderstoodGoldenRiceandBteggplantaspro-poortechnologiestowinoversmallholderfarmersandconsumersintheGlobalSouth.TheInternationalRiceResearchInstitutehasledGoldenRice’sdevelopmentwithsupportfromtheBill&MelindaGatesFoundationandinpartnershipwithSyngenta(whichownsrightstotherice)toaddressvitaminAdeficiency(VAD)amongthepoor,especiallychildrenandpregnantwomen.63.TherecentFoodSystemsSummitwasgreetedwithdistrustbecausetheorganizers________.A.didn’ttaketheinterestsofpeopleconcernedintoaccountB.didn’tattachimportancetotheblossomingofagricultureC.failedtocomeupwiththeeffectiveinitiativeswithjointeffortsD.employedtheinappropriateapproachestofarming64.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningthePhilippines’case?A.ToprovethevictoryforthesupportersofGMfood.B.ToillustratethePhilippines’oppositiontothesummit.C.ToargueitisawasteofmoneyintheGMfood.D.TointroducehowmanynutrientsGMfoodmaycontain.65.________isadvocatedforthedevelopmentofagricultureinthelongrun.A.Exploitingfarmers’andfoodworkers’laborB.DevelopingcropsresistanttoinsectsC.Removingthecolonial-capitalistmodelD.EstablishingpartnershiptoaddressVAD66.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.ThePhilippinesisacountrywithcutting-edgetechnologies.B.TheapplicationofGMfoodwillsolvetheproblemofenvironment.C.Governmentshaveinitiatedintothecomplexstructuralfarmingproblems.D.TheboomingpesticideindustryiscreditedtothecultivationofGMfood.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Inaddition,virtualfriendscanofferemotionalsupport.B.Whenyou'renotfacetoface,it'smucheasiertodeceivepeople.C.Manypeoplewouldagree.D.Researchersalsofoundthatit'snotunusualforonlinefriendstobecomeface-to-facefriend.E.Onlinefriendsmaybeofhelpinmanyways.F.Onlinefriends,orvirtualfriends,arepeoplewhohavebecomeacquaintedwitheachothethroughthelnternet.Moderncomputertechnologyhasmadeanewkindofhumanrelationshippossible:onlinefriendship.__67__Areonlinefriendshipsasbeneficialasface-to-facefriendships?Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofhavingvirtualfriends?Canpeopleformstrongbondsonline?Todaythesequestionsarethesubjectoflivelydebate.SomepeoplebelievethattheInternetisthebestwaytomakenewfriends.It’sconvenient,it’sfast,anditallowsmakingcontactwithdifferentkindsofpeoplefromalloverheworld.Whenyouusesocialnetworking,websitesandchatrooms,youcaneasilyfindpeoplewithinterestsandhobbiessimilartoyours.Informationupdatesandphotosaddtotheexperience.MakingfriendsontheInternetisespeciallygoodforshypeoplewhofeeluncomfortableinsocialsituations.It’softeneasiertosharethoughtsandfeelingsonline.__68__Theycanmakepeoplefeellesslonelyandhelpthemsolveproblems.AlthoughtheInternetcanencouragefriendship,ithasamajordisadvantage.__69__Onlinefriendsonlytellyouwhattheywantyoutoknow.Theysometimesexaggeratetheirgoodqualitiesandhidethelesspositiveones,soyoucan’tbesureofwhattheyreallylike.Thatiswhyyoushouldnotgivepersonalinformationtoanyoneonlineunlessyou’retotallysureofwhothatpersonis.friends.__friendshipbeasmeaningfulasface-to-faceones?Therearedifferentpointsofview.ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforiasurveyed2,000householdsintheUnitedStates.Theresultsshowedthatmorethan40percentofparticipantsfeel“asstronglyabouttheironlinebuddies”astheydoabouttheir“offline”friends.__70__.Incontrast,therearemanypeoplewhobelievethatit’snotpossibletohavedeeprelationshipswithonlinefriends,AyoungIndiansoftwareengineer,LalithaLakshmipathy,says,“it’sgoodtofeelconnectedwithmanypeople,butallmye-buddiesarenotnecessarilymyclosefriends.”Theysaythatit’shardtodevelopfeelingsoftrustandconnectionwhenyoudon’tshareexperiencesinperson.Peoplecontinuetoexpressdifferentopinionsaboutonlinefriendship.However,mostofthemwouldagreethatvirtualfriendshipsmustnotreplaceface-to-facefriendships.Asonelifecoachsays,“asocialnetworkingsiteshouldonlybethe‘a(chǎn)ddon’inanyrelationship.”IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoints)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.GlobalCooperationInthe21stcentury,we’veseenanewtrendthatispushingtheboundariesofhumaninventionandinnovation—globalcooperation.Scientificandtechnicalresearchanddevelopmentisnowsocomplicatedthatnoonescientistcanknowitall.So,increasingly,innovationiscomingfromthecombiningofcutting-edgeexpertise(專業(yè)知識(shí))fromdifferentscientificfields.Therearenowover8,000scientificjournalsworldwideanditisimpossibletobeanexpertinallareas.Therefore,inthishighlyspecializedworld,scientists,medicsandengineershavetocooperateinordertoinnovate.ProfessorBobLangeratMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)hasmadesignificantbreakthroughsinthefieldofbiomedicalengineering.Buthehasn’tdoneitonhisown.Hehasinvitedexpertsfromaroundtheworldindifferentfieldstoformaglobalteamtodesignnewsubstanceswhichcangoinsidethebody,delivermedicinesandthendissolve.Also