廣東省廣州市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期8月階段訓(xùn)練英語試卷(解析)

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁廣東省廣州市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期8月階段訓(xùn)練英語試卷（B）學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解ThingstoDoinNorthernIrelandThisAutumnWEEBINNIANWALKINGFESTIVAL(SEPTEMBER)Theexactdatesofthisannualwalkingfestivalarestilltobeconfirmed,butifit’ssimilartolastyear,it’llofferachoiceoftenwalksandhikesaroundtheMourneMountains,rangingfromeasierlowlandroutestotough,multi-summitchallenges.Eveningsocialeventsarealsoincluded.GREATNORTHLINKSCHALLENGE(18-20OCTOBER)Callingallgolfers.Youcanenterthisthree-dayevent-spreadalongthenorthcoastbetweenBallyliffin,PortruthandPortstewart,asanindividualorteamoffour.AperfectopportunitytoplaythreeIrishOpenlinkscoursesinthreedays.ARMAGHFOODANDCIDERWEEKEND(SEPTEMBER)Afour-dayfeastofauthenticfoodandartisanciders(蘋果酒)inIreland’s“OrchardCounty”.Thiscelebrationisalsocoupledwiththetraditionalappleharvest.Youcantastelocalfoodfromthecountry’smostinventivechefs.OULDLAMMASFAIR(LASTWEEKOFAUGUST)PeoplehavebeenflockingtotheseasidetownofBallycastlesincethe17thcenturytocelebratethisfair.AttractionsincludeaHeavyHorseShow,horsespeedeventsonthebeach,funfair,outdoorconcertandafireworksdisplay,aswellasuniquelocalproduceandhandmadeartsandcrafts.1．WhatisthebestdatetoarriveifyouwanttoattendGREATNORTHLINKSCHALLENGE?A．17thOctober. B．18thAugust. C．20thOctober. D．1stSeptember.2．WhatcanpeopledoatthetownofBallycastle?A．Playgolf. B．Gohiking. C．Watchhorseraces. D．Tasteappleciders.3．Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanweprobablyreadthistext?A．Tourism. B．Sports. C．Education. D．Arts.【答案】1．A2．C3．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了今年秋天在北愛爾蘭可做的事情。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“GREATNORTHLINKSCHALLENGE(18-20OCTOBER)”可知，大北路挑戰(zhàn)在10月18日至20日之間舉行。再結(jié)合選項可知，如果你想?yún)⒓哟蟊甭诽魬?zhàn)賽，10月17日是到達的最佳日期。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“PeoplehavebeenflockingtotheseasidetownofBallycastlesincethe17thcenturytocelebratethisfair.AttractionsincludeaHeavyHorseShow,horsespeedeventsonthebeach,funfair,outdoorconcertandafireworksdisplay,aswellasuniquelocalproduceandhandmadeartsandcrafts.(自17世紀(jì)以來，人們就蜂擁到海濱小鎮(zhèn)巴利卡斯?fàn)杹響c祝這個博覽會。吸引游客的項目包括重馬表演、海灘賽馬比賽、游樂場、戶外音樂會和煙花表演，以及獨特的當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)產(chǎn)品和手工工藝品)”可推知，人們可以在巴利卡斯?fàn)栨?zhèn)觀看賽馬。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“ThingstoDoinNorthernIrelandThisAutumn”及下文介紹可知，文章介紹了今年秋天在北愛爾蘭可做的事情。由此推知，我們可以在某網(wǎng)站的旅游板塊讀到這篇文章。故選A。AliciaQuarleshasherhandsfullthesedays—bothofthem,atallhoursofthedayandnight.“Havingababyunexpectedlyat41isonething;havingtwinsisawholeotherbeast,”saystheglobalentertainmenteditor.Actually,untilherpregnancyQuarleshadbeenlivingatbreakneckspeed.Itwentsountillastyear.“Iwasexhausted,”shesays.“I’dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse.”InearlyAugustshetookherselftothehospital,toseeifshewasOK.Doctorsranmultipletestsandtoldherthatshehadhadananxietyattack,andshewas11weekspregnant.“Shewasstressedanddecompensated(代謝失調(diào)的),soeverythingjustcametomorethanshecouldhandleatthetime,”explainsdoctorMiriamBarnes,whobegantreatingher.“Fortunately,shetriedtobepositiveandseekhelpfrommeimmediately.Itoldhernottohaveanymedicationatthatstageandadvisedhertotakenaturaltherapy(療法).”AweeklaterQuarleslearnedthatshewashavingtwins.Butinsteadofthatnewsaddingtoheranxiety,“atotalpeacecameoverme,anditfeltlikeitallmadesense,”shesays.Quarles,whodidnottakeanymedication,returnedhometoherlovedonesinNorthCarolina,whereshegavebirthtoHudsonandHarlowonFeb.16.“There’snothinglikefamily,”shesays.“IfoundoutthroughworkingonmyselfinnaturaltherapythattherewerealotofthingsIhadn’tdealtwith.Ijustkeptgoing.”ThesedaysQuarlesusessocialmediatodocumentherjoyfulmotherhoodjourney.Quarleshasputheranxietybehindbutremainsintherapy—andwantstoencourageotherswhofeelstressedtogethelp.“AtfirstIfeltguiltyandembarrassed,”sheadmits.“Idon’tanymore.Mymessageisyoucanfalldown.Butyoucanstandup,byyourselforwiththehelpofothers.It’snotashame,andit’sablessing.”4．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“breakneck”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Safeandslow. B．Fastanddangerous.C．Excitingandterrifying. D．Gentleandcomfortable.5．WhydidQuarlesreturntoNorthCarolina?A．Togivebirthandmakesomefriends.B．Tohaveabreakandtreatheranxiety.C．Totakenaturaltherapyandstayalone.D．Tolookafterherfamilyandvisitadoctor.6．WhatdoesQuarlessuggestpeopleunderpressuredo?A．Keepstandingup. B．Falldownifneeded.C．Facewhatevercomes. D．Obtainassistancewhennecessary.7．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AnAnxious41-year-oldMotherB．AMother’sAstonishingExperienceC．AnInterestingTasteofMotherhoodD．AMotherFightingHerMentalBreakdown【答案】4．B5．B6．D7．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了41歲的艾麗西亞·夸爾斯由于壓力太大，患上焦慮癥，后來得知自己懷了雙胞胎，于是夸爾斯開始用社交媒體記錄她快樂的母親之旅?？錉査挂呀?jīng)把焦慮拋在腦后，但仍在接受治療，她想鼓勵其他感到壓力的人去尋求幫助。4．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“AliciaQuarleshasherhandsfullthesedays—bothofthem,atallhoursofthedayandnight.(這些天艾麗西亞·夸爾斯忙得不可開交——無論是白天還是晚上)”及劃線詞下文““Iwasexhausted,”shesays.“I’dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse.”(“我筋疲力盡，”她說?！拔乙恢痹谧鋈莨ぷ?，做慈善，不停地工作。我擔(dān)心我的心理健康狀況會越來越差?！?”可知，夸爾斯工作繁忙，生活速度非?？欤灾劣诮钇ＡΡM。由此推知，劃線詞breakneck與Fastanddangerous(快速危險)意思接近。故選B。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Quarles,whodidnottakeanymedication,returnedhometoherlovedonesinNorthCarolina,whereshegavebirthtoHudsonandHarlowonFeb.16.“There’snothinglikefamily,”shesays.“IfoundoutthroughworkingonmyselfinnaturaltherapythattherewerealotofthingsIhadn’tdealtwith.Ijustkeptgoing.”(2月16日，她回到她在北卡羅來納州的親人身邊，生下了哈德森和哈洛?！皼]有什么比家人更好的了，”她說。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過自然療法對自己進行治療，有很多事情我沒有處理過。我只是繼續(xù)前進?！?”可推知，夸爾斯回到北卡羅來納休息一下，治療她的焦慮。故選B。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Quarleshasputheranxietybehindbutremainsintherapy—andwantstoencourageotherswhofeelstressedtogethelp.(夸爾斯已經(jīng)把焦慮拋在腦后，但仍在接受治療，她想鼓勵其他感到壓力的人去尋求幫助)”可知，夸爾斯建議有壓力的人在必要時尋求幫助。故選D。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Doctorsranmultipletestsandtoldherthatshehadhadananxietyattack,andshewas11weekspregnant.(醫(yī)生給她做了多次檢查，告訴她這是焦慮癥發(fā)作，而且她已經(jīng)懷孕11周了)”和第五段中的“Quarles,whodidnottakeanymedication,returnedhometoherlovedonesinNorthCarolina,whereshegavebirthtoHudsonandHarlowonFeb.16.“There’snothinglikefamily,”shesays.“IfoundoutthroughworkingonmyselfinnaturaltherapythattherewerealotofthingsIhadn’tdealtwith.Ijustkeptgoing.”(2月16日，她回到她在北卡羅來納州的親人身邊，生下了哈德森和哈洛。“沒有什么比家人更好的了，”她說。我發(fā)現(xiàn)，通過自然療法對自己進行治療，有很多事情我沒有處理過。我只是繼續(xù)前進?！?”及最后一段中的“Quarleshasputheranxietybehindbutremainsintherapy—andwantstoencourageotherswhofeelstressedtogethelp.(夸爾斯已經(jīng)把焦慮拋在腦后，但仍在接受治療，她想鼓勵其他感到壓力的人去尋求幫助)”可知，文章講述了41歲的艾麗西亞·夸爾斯由于壓力太大，患上焦慮癥，后來得知自己懷了雙胞胎，于是夸爾斯開始用社交媒體記錄她快樂的母親之旅，夸爾斯已經(jīng)把焦慮拋在腦后，并想鼓勵其他感到壓力的人去尋求幫助。由此可知，D.AMotherFightingHerMentalBreakdown(一位與精神崩潰作斗爭的母親)適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。Desperatelyillandseekingamiracle,DavidBennettSr.tookthelastbetonJan.7.whenbebecamethefirsthumantobesuccessfullytransplantedwiththeheartofapig.“Itcreatesthebeat;itcreatesthepressure;itishisheart,”declaredBartleyGriffith,directorofthesurgicalteamthatperformedtheoperationattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenter.Bennett,57,heldonthrough60tomorrows,farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho’dreceivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures,knownasxenotransplantation(異種移植),couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans,savingthousandsofliveseachyear.Theearliestattemptsatxenotransplantationoforgans,involvingkidneysfromrabbits,goats,andotheranimals,occurredintheearly20thcentury,decadesbeforethefirstsuccessfulhuman-to-humantransplants.Rejection,whichoccurswhentherecipient’sbodysystemrecognizesthedonororganasaforeignobjectandattacksit,followedwithinhoursordays.Resultsimprovedaftersomespecialdrugsarrivedinthe1960s,butmostrecipientsstilldiedafterafewweeks.Therecordforaheartxenotransplantwassetin1983,whenaninfantnamedBabyFaesurvivedfor20dayswithanorganfromababoon(狒狒).Inrecentyears,however,advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility:re-editsomegenesinanimalstoprovideuser-friendlyspareparts.Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose,becausethey’reeasytoraiseandreachadulthumansizeinmonths.Somebiotechcompanies.includingRevivicor,areinvestingheavilyinthefield.ThedonorpigwasofferedbyRevivicorfromalineofanimalsinwhich10geneshadbeenre-editedtoimprovetheheart’scondition.Beyondthat,thepigwasraisedinisolationandtestedregularlyforvirusesthatcouldinfecthumansordamagetheorganitself.Thismedicalbreakthroughprovidedanalternativeforthe20%ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglistwhodiewhilewaitingorbecometoosicktobeagoodcandidate.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“run”inparagraph2referto?A．Donatinghishearttoapatient.B．Performingtheheartoperation.C．Livingfor60daysaftertheoperation.D．Receivinganewheartfromapig.9．Whichaspectofxenotransplantationdoesparagraph3mainlyfocuson?A．Itshistory. B．Itsprocedure. C．Itsconsequence. D．Itssignificance.10．Whatmakespigsidealforprovidingsparepartsinxenotransplantation?A．Theirgrowthrateandhealthcondition.B．Theirlifepatternandresistancetoviruses.C．Theireasinessofkeepingandrapidgrowth.D．Theirinvestmentvalueandnaturalqualities.11．WhywasBennett’soperationregardedasabreakthrough?A．Itintroducednewmedicationstopreventorganrejection.B．Itprovedthepotentialforusingorgansfromvariousanimals.C．Itguaranteedasufficientsupplyofdonorpigsfortransplants.D．Itofferedaprospectofreplacementorgansthroughgeneediting.【答案】8．C9．A10．C11．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了第一個成功移植豬心臟的人，他堅持了60天，比以往任何接受過其他物種心臟移植的病人都要長得多。他的出色表現(xiàn)給人們帶來了新的希望，即，這種被稱為異種移植的手術(shù)可以幫助緩解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救數(shù)千人的生命。這一醫(yī)學(xué)突破為心臟移植等待名單上20%的患者提供了另一種選擇。8．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Bennett,57,heldonthrough60tomorrows,farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho’dreceivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures,knownasxenotransplantation,couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans,savingthousandsofliveseachyear.(57歲的貝內(nèi)特堅持了60個明天，比以往任何接受過其他物種心臟移植的病人都要長得多。他的出色表現(xiàn)給人們帶來了新的希望，即這種被稱為異種移植的手術(shù)可以幫助緩解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救數(shù)千人的生命)”可知，Hisremarkablerun指的是上文提到的“57歲的貝內(nèi)特堅持了60個明天”，即手術(shù)后活了60天。故選C。9．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theearliestattemptsatxenotransplantationoforgans,involvingkidneysfromrabbits,goats,andotheranimals,occurredintheearly20thcentury,decadesbeforethefirstsuccessfulhuman-to-humantransplants.Rejection,whichoccurswhentherecipient’sbodysystemrecognizesthedonororganasaforeignobjectandattacksit,followedwithinhoursordays.Resultsimprovedaftersomespecialdrugsarrivedinthe1960s,butmostrecipientsstilldiedafterafewweeks.Therecordforaheartxenotransplantwassetin1983,whenaninfantnamedBabyFaesurvivedfor20dayswithanorganfromababoon.(最早的異種器官移植嘗試發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)初，涉及兔子、山羊和其他動物的腎臟，比第一次成功的人對人移植早了幾十年。當(dāng)受者的身體系統(tǒng)將供體器官識別為異物并對其進行攻擊時，就會發(fā)生排異反應(yīng)，排異反應(yīng)會在數(shù)小時或數(shù)天內(nèi)發(fā)生。20世紀(jì)60年代，一些特殊藥物問世后，效果有所改善，但大多數(shù)接受者仍在幾周后死亡。異種心臟移植的記錄是在1983年創(chuàng)造的，當(dāng)時一個名叫“費伊寶寶”(BabyFae)的嬰兒用狒狒的器官存活了20天)”可知，第三段主要介紹了異種移植的歷史。故選A。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose,becausethey’reeasytoraiseandreachadulthumansizeinmonths.(豬可能是這個目的的理想選擇，因為它們很容易飼養(yǎng)，幾個月內(nèi)就能達到成年人的體型)”可知，豬易養(yǎng)且生長速度快，是異種移植的理想供給品。故選C。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inrecentyears,however,advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility:re-editsomegenesinanimalstoprovideuser-friendlyspareparts.(然而，近年來，基因編輯的進步開辟了一種新的可能性：重新編輯動物的一些基因，以提供用戶友好的備件)”及最后一段“Thismedicalbreakthroughprovidedanalternativeforthe20%ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglistwhodiewhilewaitingorbecometoosicktobeagoodcandidate.(這一醫(yī)學(xué)突破為20%在心臟移植等待名單上的患者提供了另一種選擇，這些患者在等待期間死亡或因病情嚴(yán)重而無法成為良好的候選者)”可推知，貝內(nèi)特的手術(shù)被認(rèn)為是一個突破，因為它提供了通過基因編輯替代器官的前景。故選D。Scienceisaprocessthatbuildsuponexistingtheoriesandknowledgebycontinuouslyrevisingthem.Everyaspectofscientificknowledgecanbequestioned,includingthegeneralrulesofthinkingthatappeartobemostcertain.Sowhyissciencetrustworthyifitisalwayschanging?IftomorrowwewillnolongerseetheworldasNewtonorEinsteinfoundittobe,whyshouldwetakeseriouslytoday’sscientificdescriptionoftheworld?Theanswerissimple:Becauseatanygivenmomentofourhistory,thisdescriptionoftheworldisthebestwehave.Thefactthatitcanbemadebettercan’tdiminish(降低)thefactthatitisausefulinstrumentforunderstandingtheworld.Considerafolkhealer’sherbalmedicine.Canwesaythistreatmentis“scientific”?Yes,ifitisproventobeeffective,evenifwehavenoideawhyitworks.Infact,quiteafewcommonmedicationsusedtodayhavetheirorigininfolktreatments,andwearestillnotsurehowtheywork.Thisdoesnotimplythatfolktreatmentsaregenerallyeffective.Tothecontrary,manyofthemarenot.Whatdistinguishesscientificmedicineisthereadinesstoseriouslytestatreatmentandtobereadytochangeourmindsifsomethingisshownnottowork.Aresearchdoctorinamodernhospitalmustbereadytochangehistheoryifamoreeffectivewayofunderstandingillness,ortreatingit,becomesavailable.Whatmakesmodernscienceuniquelypowerfulisitsrefusaltobelievethatitalreadypossessesultimatetruth.Thereliabilityofscienceisbasednotoncertaintybutonacompleteabsenceofcertainty.AsJohnStuartMillwrotein“OnLiberty”in1859,“Thebeliefswhichwehavemostwarrant(依據(jù))for,havenosafeguardtoreston,butastandinginvitationtothewholeworldtoprovethemunfounded.”12．Whydoestheauthorraisethetwoquestionsinparagraph1?A．Toaddsomefun. B．Toexpressdoubts.C．Tointroducethetopic. D．Toprovidebackground.13．Whatcanwelearnabouttoday’sscientificdescriptionoftheworld?A．Itcanbetimeless. B．Itcanbeimproved.C．Itisoflittlevalue. D．Itisthebestatanymoment.14．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardfolktreatment?A．Dismissive. B．Objective. C．Pessimistic. D．Sympathetic.15．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4?A．Itisunwisetobelieveinscience.B．Toomuchuncertaintyliesinscience.C．Thefoundationofscienceisunfounded.D．Thelackofcertaintymakessciencecredible.【答案】12．C13．B14．B15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了盡管科學(xué)總是在變化，但是它還是值得信賴的原因。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Sowhyissciencetrustworthyifitisalwayschanging?IftomorrowwewillnolongerseetheworldasNewtonorEinsteinfoundittobe,whyshouldwetakeseriouslytoday’sscientificdescriptionoftheworld?(那么，如果科學(xué)總是在變化，為什么它是值得信賴的呢？如果明天我們看到的世界不再像牛頓或愛因斯坦發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，我們?yōu)槭裁匆J(rèn)真對待今天對世界的科學(xué)描述呢？)”及下文論述可推知，作者在第一段中提出了兩個問題是為了引入文章話題。故選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theanswerissimple:Becauseatanygivenmomentofourhistory,thisdescriptionoftheworldisthebestwehave.Thefactthatitcanbemadebettercan’tdiminish(降低)thefactthatitisausefulinstrumentforunderstandingtheworld.(答案很簡單：因為在我們歷史的任何時刻，這種對世界的描述都是我們擁有的最好的描述。它可以變得更好這一事實不能削弱它是理解世界的有用工具這一事實)”可知，今天對世界的科學(xué)描述還可以改進。故選B。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Considerafolkhealer’sherbalmedicine.Canwesaythistreatmentis“scientific”?Yes,ifitisproventobeeffective,evenifwehavenoideawhyitworks.Infact,quiteafewcommonmedicationsusedtodayhavetheirorigininfolktreatments,andwearestillnotsurehowtheywork.Thisdoesnotimplythatfolktreatmentsaregenerallyeffective.Tothecontrary,manyofthemarenot.(考慮一下民間治療師的草藥。我們能說這種治療是“科學(xué)的”嗎？是的，如果它被證明是有效的，即使我們不知道它為什么有效。事實上，今天使用的許多常用藥物都起源于民間治療，我們?nèi)匀徊淮_定它們是如何起作用的。這并不意味著民間療法通常是有效的。相反，許多民間療法并非如此)”可知，作者既陳述了民間治療的優(yōu)點，又提到了不足。由此推知，作者對民間治療持客觀態(tài)度。故選B。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whatmakesmodernscienceuniquelypowerfulisitsrefusaltobelievethatitalreadypossessesultimatetruth.Thereliabilityofscienceisbasednotoncertaintybutonacompleteabsenceofcertainty.(現(xiàn)代科學(xué)之所以具有獨特的力量，是因為它拒絕相信自己已經(jīng)掌握了終極真理?？茖W(xué)的可靠性不是建立在確定的基礎(chǔ)上，而是建立在完全不確定的基礎(chǔ)上)”可知，第四段主要論述了缺乏確定性使得科學(xué)可信。故選D。二、七選五Areyourteenagersgettingenoughsleep?It’sthekeytoexamsuccess.Iftheysleepwell,theywillbemorelikelytoperformbetter.Herearesomepracticalwaysyoucanhelpthem.16Parentsshouldavoidfallingasleeponthesofaintheeveningsorusingtechdeviceswhenit’slate.Committoyourownbedtimeroutinesothatyourteenagercanbeyourfollower.Workoutexactlyhowmuchsleeptheyneed.Teenagersshouldaimforbetweeneightandtenhours’sleepanight,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation.17Maybeit’seight,ormaybeit’snine.Butthosewhogetlessthansevenhoursmostnightsarenotgettingenough.Establishawind-down(放松)routine.Oncetheyknowhowmuchsleepthey’reaimingfor,helpthemtoachievethisbynegotiatinga30to60-minutewind-downroutinebeforetheygotobed,atthesametimeeverynight.18Letthemhaveaweekendlie-in.Enableyourchildrentogetupaslateastheycan,sparingthemthemorningchores.19Troublingteenagersoutofbedatweekendsworksagainsttheirsleeppattern.20Theywillrewardyoumore.A．Leadbyexample.B．Letyourteenagershavemoresleep.C．Halfanhourofexercisecanexcitetheirbody.D．Buttheexactamountofsleepyourteenagerneedsisunique.E．Gettinguplateoccasionallywillimprovetheirworkefficiency.F．Onstudy-leavedaysanextrahourinbedwillhelpthemconcentratebetter.G．Abathwillbringthebodytemperaturedownadegreewhichisidealforsleep.【答案】16．A17．D18．G19．F20．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些可以幫助青少年保證睡眠充足的實用方法。16．根據(jù)下文“Parentsshouldavoidfallingasleeponthesofaintheeveningsorusingtechdeviceswhenit’slate.Committoyourownbedtimeroutinesothatyourteenagercanbeyourfollower.(父母應(yīng)該避免晚上在沙發(fā)上睡著，或者在很晚的時候使用科技設(shè)備。保證你自己的就寢時間，這樣你的孩子就會成為你的追隨者)”可知，本段主要講述了父母應(yīng)該做孩子的好榜樣。由此可知，A.Leadbyexample.(以身作則)適合作本段主旨句，符合語境。故選A。17．根據(jù)上文“Workoutexactlyhowmuchsleeptheyneed.Teenagersshouldaimforbetweeneightandtenhours’sleepanight,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation.(算出他們到底需要多少睡眠。根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的建議，青少年每晚應(yīng)該保證8到10個小時的睡眠)”可知，本段主要講述青少年需要的睡眠時間。由此可知，D.Buttheexactamountofsleepyourteenagerneedsisunique.(但是你的青少年需要的確切睡眠時間是獨一無二的)能夠銜接上文，符合語境。故選D。18．根據(jù)上文“Establishawind-down(放松)routine.Oncetheyknowhowmuchsleepthey’reaimingfor,helpthemtoachievethisbynegotiatinga30to60-minutewind-downroutinebeforetheygotobed,atthesametimeeverynight.(建立一個逐漸放松的例行程序。一旦他們知道了自己想要的睡眠時間，就可以在每晚睡覺前的同一時間安排30到60分鐘的放松時間來幫助他們實現(xiàn)這個目標(biāo))”可知，本段主要講述睡前安排一些放松時間。由此可知，G.Abathwillbringthebodytemperaturedownadegreewhichisidealforsleep.(洗澡可以使體溫降低一度，這是睡眠的理想條件)屬于一種放松方式，符合語境。故選G。19．根據(jù)上文“Letthemhaveaweekendlie-in.Enableyourchildrentogetupaslateastheycan,sparingthemthemorningchores.(讓他們周末睡個懶覺。讓你的孩子盡可能晚起，讓他們少做早上的家務(wù))”可知，本段主要講述學(xué)習(xí)休假的日子里，讓孩子多休息。由此可知，F(xiàn).Onstudy-leavedaysanextrahourinbedwillhelpthemconcentratebetter.(在學(xué)習(xí)休假的日子里，多睡一小時有助于他們更好地集中注意力)能夠銜接上文，符合語境。故選F。20．此處位于文章尾段，B.Letyourteenagershavemoresleep.(讓你的孩子有更多的睡眠)能夠照應(yīng)首段中的“Herearesomepracticalwaysyoucanhelpthem.(這里有一些實用的方法可以幫助他們)”，同時引起下文“Theywillrewardyoumore.(他們會回報你更多)”，符合語境。故選B。三、完形填空The8-year-oldboyacrossthestreetstormedinandoutofhisownhouseveryoften.Aneighbor,WilliamDunn,21whatwasgoingoninhislife.SoDunnaskedhim.“Hetoldmethathedidn’thavea22,”saysDunn,now58,“andIrealizedtherewas23Icoulddoforhim.”Thatsomethingwas24,apassionDunn’sfatherhadsharedwithhim.Dunnhastakengroupsofkidsoutalmostevery25tofish.Mostdidn’thavefatherfiguresintheirlivesandhadneverfished.“They’dbeenthroughalot,andtheirliveswere26,”Dunnsays.“Butwhentheywerefishing,allofthat27.

Outontheboat,they’dbesmiling,andeven28.”Jayden,now13,hasbecomeadevotedfishermanand29Dunnwithhelpinghimmature.“IhopeheknowsImeanitwhenIsaythankyou,”hesays.Justas30asthefishingarethe31Dunnformswiththekids.“WhenJaydenwasgoingthrougha32periodrecentlyinstudy—IletDunnknowthathisgradesweresufferingandhehadalittletalkwithJayden,”Jayden’smothersays.Toherdelight,Jayden’sgrades33improvedinthenextexam.“Thereisnothinglikeseeinga34lightupwithasmile,”Dunnsays.“Ifeelluckyto35thateveryweekend.”21．A．revealed B．explained C．doubted D．wondered22．A．mother B．father C．brother D．sister23．A．something B．nothing C．a(chǎn)nything D．everything24．A．camping B．boating C．fishing D．running25．A．day B．month C．year D．weekend26．A．different B．difficult C．disciplined D．dynamic27．A．wentaway B．brokeout C．cameabout D．tookover28．A．studying B．sailing C．singing D．speaking29．A．charges B．entertains C．rewards D．credits30．A．important B．promising C．interesting D．complex31．A．circles B．habits C．impressions D．relationships32．A．rough B．long C．meaningful D．productive33．A．hardly B．nearly C．genuinely D．a(chǎn)ccidentally34．A．fisherman B．kid C．parent D．neighbor35．A．dream B．expect C．witness D．receive【答案】21．D22．B23．A24．C25．D26．B27．A28．C29．D30．A31．D32．A33．C34．B35．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了善良的威廉·鄧恩幾乎每個周末都帶著一群孩子出去釣魚，他們大多數(shù)人在生活中沒有父親的形象，也從來沒有釣過魚。在釣魚的過程中，孩子們很開心，同時鄧恩也給了這些孩子一些建議和鼓勵，這些孩子們也取得了進步。21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：鄰居威廉·鄧恩想知道他的生活發(fā)生了什么。A.revealed揭示；B.explained解釋；C.doubted懷疑；D.wondered想知道。根據(jù)下文“SoDunnaskedhim.”可知，鄰居威廉·鄧恩想知道他的生活發(fā)生了什么。故選D。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“他告訴我他沒有父親，”現(xiàn)年58歲的鄧恩說，“我意識到我可以為他做點什么?！盇.mother母親；B.father父親；C.brother兄弟；D.sister姐姐。根據(jù)下文“Dunnhastakengroupsofkidsoutalmostevery5tofish.Mostdidn’thavefatherfiguresintheirlivesandhadneverfished.”可知，這個男孩沒有父親。故選B。23．考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：“他告訴我他沒有父親，”現(xiàn)年58歲的鄧恩說，“我意識到我可以為他做點什么?！盇.something某物；B.nothing什么都沒有；C.anything任何東西；D.everything一切。根據(jù)下文“Thatsomethingwas4,apassionDunn’sfatherhadsharedwithhim.”可知，鄧恩想為他做點什么，something屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那就是釣魚，這是鄧恩的父親和他共同的愛好。A.camping露營；B.boating劃船；C.fishing釣魚；D.running跑步。根據(jù)下文“Dunnhastakengroupsofkidsoutalmostevery5tofish.”可知，此處指釣魚。故選C。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鄧恩幾乎每個周末都帶著一群孩子出去釣魚。A.day天；B.month月；C.year年；D.weekend周末。根據(jù)下文“Ifeelluckyto15thateveryweekend.”可知，此處指幾乎每個周末，鄧恩都帶著一群孩子出去釣魚。故選D。26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“他們經(jīng)歷了很多，他們的生活很艱難，”鄧恩說。A.different不同的；B.difficult艱難的；C.disciplined紀(jì)律嚴(yán)明的；D.dynamic充滿活力的。根據(jù)上文“Mostdidn’thavefatherfiguresintheirlivesandhadneverfished.”及常識可知，這些孩子大多數(shù)人沒有父親，生活很艱難。故選B。27．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：但當(dāng)他們釣魚時，所有這些都消失了。A.wentaway消失；B.brokeout爆發(fā)；C.cameabout產(chǎn)生；D.tookover接管。根據(jù)下文“Outontheboat,they’dbesmiling,andeven8.”可知，但當(dāng)他們釣魚時，這些孩子很開心，那些生活的艱難都忘記了、消失了。故選A。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在船上，他們會微笑，甚至唱歌。A.studying學(xué)習(xí)；B.sailing航行；C.singing唱歌；D.speaking談話。根據(jù)上文“Outontheboat,they’dbesmiling”可知，但當(dāng)他們釣魚時，這些孩子很開心，singing符合此處語境。故選C。29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)年13歲的杰登已經(jīng)成為一名忠實的釣魚人，他認(rèn)為鄧恩幫助他成熟起來。A.charges控告；B.entertains使快樂；C.rewards獎賞；D.credits認(rèn)為。固定搭配creditsb.withsth.“把某事歸功于某人”。故選D。30．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：和釣魚一樣重要的是鄧恩和孩子們之間的關(guān)系。A.important重要的；B.promising有希望的；C.interesting有趣的；D.complex復(fù)雜的。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指和釣魚一樣重要的是鄧恩和孩子們之間的關(guān)系。故選A。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：和釣魚一樣重要的是鄧恩和孩子們之間的關(guān)系。A.circles圓圈；B.habits習(xí)慣；C.impressions印象；D.relationships關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文“Dunnformswiththekids.”可知，此處指鄧恩和孩子們之間的關(guān)系。故選D。32．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“當(dāng)杰登最近在學(xué)習(xí)上遇到困難時，我讓鄧恩知道他的成績很差，他還和杰登聊了一會兒，”杰登的母親說。A.rough艱難的；B.long長的；C.meaningful有意義的；D.productive富有成效的，多產(chǎn)的。根據(jù)下文“IletDunnknowthathisgradesweresufferingandhehadalittletalkwithJayden”可知，此處指杰登最近在學(xué)習(xí)上遇到了困難。故選A。33．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：令她高興的是，杰登的成績在下次考試中真正提高了。A.hardly幾乎不；B.nearly差不多；C.genuinely真正地；D.accidentally意外地。根據(jù)上文“Toherdelight”可知，杰登的成績在下次考試中真正提高了。故選C。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“沒有什么比看到一個孩子面帶微笑更開心的了，”鄧恩說。A.fisherman漁夫；B.kid孩子；C.parent父親（或母親）；D.neighbor鄰居。根據(jù)上文“Dunnhastakengroupsofkidsoutalmostevery5tofish.”可知，此處指看到一個孩子面帶微笑。故選B。35．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每個周末都能見證這一切，我感到很幸運。A.dream夢見；B.expect預(yù)期；C.witness見證；D.receive接收。根據(jù)上文““Thereisnothinglikeseeinga14lightupwithasmile,”Dunnsays.”可知，每個周末都能見證一個孩子面帶微笑，我感到很幸運。故選C。四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheanimatedfilmChangAnhasbecomeasurprisehit,earning36impressive600millionyuanattheboxofficeoftheChinesemainlandwithinjusttendaysofitsrelease.Ithasappealedtoaudiencesofallages,who37(enthusiastic)recitepoetryalongsidethecharactersonscreen,takingthemonafantasticjourney.ThisfilmnotonlyidentifieswiththeChinesepeoplebutalsoallowstheworld38(explore)therichtraditionofTangpoetryandthe“ChinesePoetryUniverse.”ThestorycentersaroundthedeepfriendshipbetweenpoetGaoShiandtheromanticpoetLiBaiofferingabrieflookintotheglorioushistoryoftheTangera,39isknownforitseconomicprosperityandculturaladvancement.The48Tangpoems40(feature)inthemoviepresentaviewofthemostexcellentpoetsofthattimeaswellastheirpoliticalambitionsandideals.Thesepoemstransportaudiences41sandydesertstomist-filledregionsalongtheYangtzeRiver.ChangAnisundoubtedlyamasterpiecethatshowstheunique42(characteristic)ofChineseculturetotheworld.InChina,poetsandtheirpoems43(consider)nationaltreasures.Thesepoemsdescribenotonlythehistoricalchangesofadynasty,butalso44(people)understandingoftheworld.Thefilmhasraisedtheaudiences’45(aware)andenhancedtheirloveandbeliefinChineseculture.【答案】36．a(chǎn)n37．enthusiastically38．toexplore39．which40．featured41．from42．characteristics43．a(chǎn)reconsidered44．people’s45．a(chǎn)wareness【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了動畫電影《長安三萬里》所取得的成就、電影故事簡介及文化意義。36．考查冠詞。句意：動畫電影《長安三萬里》出人意料地大受歡迎，上映僅10天就在中國大陸獲得了令人印象深刻的6億元票房。此處泛指“一個令人印象深刻的6億元票房”，用不定冠詞，impressive是以元音音素開頭的詞，應(yīng)用an。故填an。37．考查副詞。句意：它吸引了各個年齡段的觀眾，他們熱情地與銀幕上的角色一起背誦詩歌。此處修飾動詞recite，應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。故填enthusiastically。38．考查非謂語動詞。句意：這部電影不僅認(rèn)同中國人民，而且讓世界探索唐詩的豐富傳統(tǒng)和“中國詩歌宇宙”。固定搭配allowsb.todosth.“允許某人做某事”。故填toexplore。39．考查定語從句。句意：故事圍繞詩人高石和浪漫主義詩人李白之間的深厚友誼展開，簡要介紹了以經(jīng)濟繁榮和文化進步而聞名的唐朝的輝煌歷史。此處是非限定性定語從句，先行詞是theTangera，指物，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。40．考查非謂語動詞。句意：電影中的48首唐詩展現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時最優(yōu)秀的詩人以及他們的政治抱負(fù)和理想。feature與poems是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，此處為被動，應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語。故填featured。41．考查介詞。句意：這些詩將觀眾從沙漠地帶帶到長江沿岸霧氣彌漫的地區(qū)。固定搭配from...to...“從……到……”。故填from。42．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：《長安三萬里》無疑是一個杰作，顯示了中國文化對世界的獨特的特征。characteristic“特征”，可數(shù)名詞，由語境及常識可知，中國文化的獨特特征有很多，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填characteristics。