浙江卷概要寫作-2021年高考英語(yǔ)（解析版）

題號(hào)押題09

浙江卷大作文（概要寫作）

K真題回顧』

1.2019年6月，浙江卷概要寫作真題

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Parentseverywherepraisetheirkids.JennBennan,authorofTheAtoZGuidetoRaisingHappyandConfident

Kids,says,"We'vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecadesagowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict."By

givingkidsalotofpraise,parentsthinkthey'rebuildingtheirchildren'sconfidence,when,infact,itmaybejust

theopposite.Toomuchpraisecanbackfireand,whengiveninawaythat'sinsincere,makekidsafraidtotrynew

thingsortakeariskforfearofnotbeingabletostayontopwheretheirparents9praisehasputthem.

Still,don'tgotoofarintheotherdirection.Notgivingenoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoo

much.Kidswillfeellikethey'renotgoodenoughorthatyoudon'tcareand,asaresult,mayseenopointintrying

hardfortheiraccomplishments.

Sowhatistherightamountofpraise?Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.

Ifpraiseissincereandfocusedontheeffortnottheoutcome,youcangiveitasoftenasyourchilddoessomething

thatdeservesaverbalreward.<4Weshouldespeciallyrecognizeourchildren'seffortstopushthemselvesandwork

hardtoachieveagoal,,,saysDonahue,authorofParentingWithoutFear.LettingGoofWorryandFocusingon

WhatReallyMatters.t4Onethingtorememberisthatit'stheprocessnottheendproductthatmatters.^^

Yoursonmaynotbethebestbasketballplayeronhisteam.Butifhe'soutthereeverydayandplayinghard,

youshouldpraisehiseffortregardlessofwhetherhisteamwinsorloses.Praisingtheeffortandnottheoutcome

canalsomeanrecognizingyourchildwhenshehasworkedhardtocleantheyard,cookdinner,orfinishabook

report.Butwhateveritis,praiseshouldbegivenonacase-by-casebasisandbeproportionate（相稱的）totheamount

ofeffortyourchildhasputintoit.

【答案】

Parentstendtogotoextremeswhenitcomestopraisingtheirkids.（要點(diǎn)——）Yet,bothtoomuchandtoolittle

praisecanbeequallydamaging.（要點(diǎn)二）Whengivingpraise,parentsshouldbesincereandconcentrateonthe

processinsteadoftheresult.（要點(diǎn)三）Similarly,theyoughttogivepraiseforhowmuchefforttheirkidshave

investedintheworkthey'reinvolvedin.（要點(diǎn)四）

【解析】本次浙江高考書面表達(dá)采用J’概要寫作題型。概要寫作是閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)的溝通橋梁，考查

的是學(xué)生在實(shí)現(xiàn)自由的思維表達(dá)之前，對(duì)他人的信息在理解的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行概括表達(dá)的能力。選材上，提供

一篇350詞以內(nèi)的短文，題材不限，要求考生寫出一篇6（）詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

【詳解】

完成一篇概要寫作，需要經(jīng)過(guò)三個(gè)步驟，

1.讀懂原文，抓住段落主題句。在閱讀過(guò)程中，需要準(zhǔn)確把握文章的段落大意，學(xué)會(huì)剔除非重要信息，弄

清楚不同體裁的文章的內(nèi)部邏輯關(guān)系以及文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。

2.組織語(yǔ)言，轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)。在找到主題句明確全文中心的基礎(chǔ)上，組織好語(yǔ)言，注重語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的獨(dú)立性和準(zhǔn)

確性以及高級(jí)性，不全盤照抄原文句子，盡量用自己的語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)，同時(shí)要注意篇幅的比例安排，用較

多的文字去表達(dá)重要的內(nèi)容。

3.通讀全文，邏輯連貫。要牢記各段落要點(diǎn)之間的邏輯關(guān)系和自然銜接，用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞去連貫全文。

2.2018年11月，浙江卷概要寫作真題

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

It'sareallygoodideatovisitcollegesbeforeyouapplybecausetheirwebsitescanallstarttolookandsoundthe

same.Nothingwillgiveyouthesenseofwhatitwillactuallybeliketoliveonacollegecampus（校園）likevisiting

andseeingforyourselfthedorms,classroomsandathleticequipmentand,ofcourse,thestudents.Itseemsalittle

crazyoncesenioryearhitstofindthetimetovisitcollegecampuses,anditcanalsobepriceyiftheschoolsyouare

applyingtohappentobemorethanacarrideaway.Butkeepinmindthatyouaremakingadecisionaboutthenext

fouryearsofyourlife,anddoalltheresearchyoucantomakesureyouaremakingtherightone.

There9snoexcusenottovisittheschoolsinyourlocalarea.Infact,alotofcollegeapplicationsevenaskifyou

havevisitedcampus,andobviously,ifyouliveacrossthecountrythatwon'tbeasmuchofapossibility,butifyou

livenearby,gocheckitout!

Ifcampusvisitsaren'tgoingtohappenbeforeyouapply,attheveryleastyoushouldfindsometimebetween

applyingandgettingyouracceptanceletterstovisittheschoolsyou'dliketoattend.Itcansaveyoualotofheartache

ifyouruleoutnowthethingsthatyoudon'tlikeaboutcertaincampuses,thingsthatyouwouldn'tknowunlessyou

actuallyvisit.

Now,iftimeandmoneyaremakingitimpossible,thencheckouttheonlinecollegefairsatCollegeWeekLive.It's

achancetochatonlinewithadmissionsofficers,students,andcollegecounselors（顧問(wèn)）,anditwon'tcostyoua

penny!Youcanregisterfbritsonlinecollegefairat.Whilevisitinganonlinecollegefaircan't

taketheplaceofanactualcampusvisit,itcanbeaveryusefultoolthatalongwithallyourotherresearchwillhelp

youmakeaninformeddecisionaboutwhichcollegesoruniversitiesyou'dliketoattend.

【答案】

Ifsreallyworthwhiletopayavisittotheirdesiredcollegespersonallybeforeapplying.Undoubtedly,students

shouldvisittheirlocalcolleges,whichmaybeincludedinapplications.Atleast,theyshouldvisittheschooland

figureoutitsrealconditionsinadvance.Forstudentswhoareshortofmoneyandtime,registeringfbrtheonline

collegefairisagoodalternativetohelpthembetterunderstandschools.

【解析】本文要求閱讀短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要，即用盡可能少的詞匯集中展現(xiàn)原材

料的主要思想和觀點(diǎn)。這主要是考查學(xué)生把握文章主旨大意和段落大意的能力以及總結(jié)概括能力，熟練學(xué)

握從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和遣詞造句的能力。

【詳解】

1.要先讀懂、讀透原作。這是準(zhǔn)確再現(xiàn)原文、寫好概要的前提。動(dòng)筆前多讀兩遍原文，直至弄懂讀透。

2.抓住文中的關(guān)鍵句，確定寫作主題。開頭It'sareallygoodideatovisitcollegesbefbreyouapply點(diǎn)明了本

文主題；Butkeepinmindthatyouaremakingadecisionaboutthenextfouryearsofyourlife,anddoallthe

researchyoucantomakesureyouaremakingtherightone.There'snoexcusenottovisittheschoolsinyourlocal

area.說(shuō)明了去大學(xué)看看的必要性和可行性；Ifcampusvisitsaren'tgoingtohappenbeforeyou叩ply,atthevery

leastyoushouldfindsometimebetweenapplyingandgettingyouracceptanceletterstovisittheschoolsyou'dlike

toattend.在時(shí)間上提供了更多選擇；iftimeandmoneyaremakingitimpossible,thencheckouttheonlinecollege

fairsatCollegeWeekLive.為不能親自去大學(xué)看的學(xué)生提供了另外一種方法。

3.擬好提綱。有了提綱，寫概要時(shí)就會(huì)有章法，也不會(huì)遺漏原作中的要點(diǎn)。

4.快速成文，反復(fù)推敲。按照文章要求和擬好的提綱一氣呵成，寫完初稿。

5.對(duì)照修改潤(rùn)色，再讀原文，查看是否漏掉了重要信息或主要內(nèi)容。用詞是否恰當(dāng)，可有可無(wú)的刪掉。注

意詞類、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的適當(dāng)調(diào)整。

【點(diǎn)睛】

范文觀點(diǎn)明確，重點(diǎn)突出，語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。作者在范文中使用了較多高級(jí)表達(dá)方式，如定語(yǔ)從句which

maybeincludedinapplications.和whoareshortofmoneyandtime.動(dòng)名詞registeringonline作主語(yǔ)，顯示了很

高的駕馭英語(yǔ)的能力。

K命題探究』

概要寫作，即對(duì)所讀過(guò)的文章簡(jiǎn)要概括，寫出文章的中心大意，也稱之為摘要。寫概要時(shí)，要把文章的

具體信息用一些具有概括功能的詞和句進(jìn)行表述，而不是抄襲文章的原句，更不能把細(xì)節(jié)性信息作為中心，

即要對(duì)文章中的單詞、詞組和句子進(jìn)行合理轉(zhuǎn)換，對(duì)文章的具體信息進(jìn)行概括，再用適合的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)。這

一題型主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章主旨大意的概括和準(zhǔn)確獲取關(guān)鍵詞的能力，同時(shí)考查學(xué)生用簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言概括文

章重要信息的能力以及對(duì)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)把握的能力。因此，概要寫作是基于對(duì)閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)兩者考

查的有機(jī)結(jié)合體。

概要寫作的目的不僅是要重述原文的主旨要義，還要在不改變?cè)囊馑嫉那疤嵯伦儞Q詞匯和句子結(jié)構(gòu),

也就是要使用自己的語(yǔ)言寫概要。

一、概要寫作的考綱說(shuō)明和題型介紹

i.考綱說(shuō)明

根據(jù)教育部考試中心的相關(guān)說(shuō)明，概要寫作中，提供給考生一篇350以內(nèi)的短文，要求其基于該短文

寫出一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

2.試題選材特點(diǎn)

提供給考生閱讀的短文詞數(shù)在350以內(nèi)；所選材料體裁雖然沒有限制，但多以說(shuō)明文、議論文為主，偶

爾也會(huì)有記敘文或夾敘夾議的閱讀材料?？荚囌f(shuō)明所給的樣題是一篇科普知識(shí)類的文章，句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,

難度較大。

3.熟知概要寫作的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

（~）概要寫作考查要求：

（1）對(duì)原文要點(diǎn)的理解和呈現(xiàn)情況；

（2）應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的準(zhǔn)確性；

（3）上下文的連貫性；

（4）對(duì)各要點(diǎn)表達(dá)的獨(dú)立性情況。

總之，概要應(yīng)具有獨(dú)立性和自明性，擁有與文章等量的主要信息，即不閱讀全文，就能獲得必要的信

息、；其次概要不容贅言，故需逐字推敲；最后概要內(nèi)容必須完整、一目了然。

[[解題秘籍』

一、答題步驟

1,確定主題句。確定閱讀文章的主題句，一般在段首。沒有主題句的需要自己組合。

2,尋找關(guān)鍵詞。分析主題句意義，確定關(guān)鍵詞，關(guān)鍵詞一般體現(xiàn)為名詞、形容詞，關(guān)鍵詞的數(shù)目決定了概

括的信息濃度。

前2點(diǎn)為重中之重：看完每個(gè)段落，問(wèn)自己：這一段講了什么呢？傳遞了什么主要信息，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)的信息

是什么，支撐信息是哪些？然后暫定主題句，在之后的閱讀中不斷理解與修正

3.確定時(shí)態(tài)和人稱。如果閱讀材料是過(guò)去時(shí)，那么基本時(shí)態(tài)用過(guò)去時(shí)；如果是現(xiàn)在的，那么基本時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)

在時(shí)。但模板的開頭語(yǔ)一般為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，如：Thepassagetellsusthat…一般情況下采用第三人稱來(lái)寫作。

3.重構(gòu)主題句。概括的主題句邏輯上要統(tǒng)攝后面所有的支撐句?？梢詮淖髡叩膶懽髂康哪嫱?，反映寫作目

的主題句是高度抽象的，它基本決定了概括的質(zhì)量。

4.重組支撐句。支撐句的意義在邏輯上受制于主題句，可以是補(bǔ)充過(guò)程或者提供證據(jù)。3、4兩個(gè)步驟其實(shí)

就是改寫閱讀材料的主題句和支撐句?？谠E：簡(jiǎn)單概括，縮長(zhǎng)間短，省卻細(xì)膩。（見：間接引語(yǔ)。短：短的

連詞。細(xì)膩：細(xì)節(jié)和例子）

5.檢查潤(rùn)色草稿。需要確保初稿準(zhǔn)確完整，再考慮譽(yù)抄。可以從以下幾個(gè)方面來(lái)進(jìn)行檢查和潤(rùn)色：

a.主次是否分明，主題句和支撐句比例、順序是否安排得當(dāng)；

b.邏輯關(guān)系是否清晰，前后觀點(diǎn)是否一致；

c.人稱時(shí)態(tài)和概要字?jǐn)?shù)是否符合要求：

d.查語(yǔ)法是否正確，特別是時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一致等，確?！罢Z(yǔ)言規(guī)范”；

e.是否使用一些較為豐富、高級(jí)的句型和恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接過(guò)渡詞句等。

二、具體的方法技巧

（一）打磨重組、改寫句子的能力

考生重組、改寫句子的能力直接影響著概要寫作的好壞，所以考生在平時(shí)訓(xùn)練時(shí)就要下意識(shí)提高自這

些能力。由于本專題前幾章學(xué)案已經(jīng)具體闡述了造句改寫的能力，這里就不再贅述，具體請(qǐng)?jiān)斠娗皫灼趯W(xué)

案。這里只簡(jiǎn)單列舉幾個(gè)技巧。

1.同義替換法

Tomthoughtofanidea.

—>AnideaoccurredtoTom.

2.正話反說(shuō)法

Ithinkwealthislessimportantthanhealth.

—>Idon'tthinkwealthismoreimportantthanhealth.

Youwillfail.

—Youwon'tsucceed.

3.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法

Yoursuggestionsareveryvaluable.

—Yoursuggestionsareofgreatvalue.

4.介詞短語(yǔ)法

Wearesuretofinishitintimebecausesomanypeoplearehelpingus.

—Withsomanypeoplehelpingus,wearesuretofinishitintime.

5.句式變化法

(1)語(yǔ)態(tài)變換

Itiswidelyacceptedthatmorepeopleusecomputersintheworldtoday.

—Computersarewidelyusedintheworldtoday.

(2)簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句

Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood.Thiswasmorethanwecouldexpect.

—Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.

(3)連詞銜接法

注意使用一些短而精的連詞，如but,and,so,while,however,then,yet,for,therefore,thus,including,insteadof

等。

Heinsistedonstaying.Hewasnotwillingtogo.

—>Heinsistedonstayingratherthan/insteadofgoing.

(4)詞序改變法

ProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguestswerepresentatthemeeting.

PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.

⑸特殊句式法

Jimwantstogoboatingandhisparentswanttogoboating,too.

—Jimwantstogoboating,andsodohisparents.

K押題沖關(guān)』

押題i

2021.3學(xué)軍中學(xué)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

GettinglesssleephasbecomeabadhabitformostAmericankids.AccordingtoanewsurveybytheNational

SleepFoundation,51%ofkidsaged10to18gotobedat10pmorlateronschoolnights,eventhoughtheyhaveto

getupearly.LastyeartheFoundationreportedthatnearly60%of7-to12-year-oldssaidtheyfelttiredduringthe

day,and15%saidtheyhadfallenasleepatschool.

Howmuchsleepyouneeddependsalotonyourage.Babiesneedalotofrest:mostofthemsleepabout18hours

aday!Adultsneedabouteighthours.Formostschool-agechildren,tenhoursisideal.ButthenewNationalSleep

Foundationsurveyfoundthat35%of10-to12-year-oldsgetonlysevenoreighthours.Andguesswhatalmosthalf

ofthesurveyedkidssaidtheydobeforebedtime?WatchTV.

“MorechildrenaregoingtobedwithTVson,andtherearemoreopportunitiestostayawake,withmore

homework,theInternetandthephone,“saysDr.MaryCarskadon,asleepresearcheratBrownUniversityMedical

School.Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthemtocalmdownand

sleep.Otherexpertssaypartoftheproblemischemical.Changinglevelsofbodychemicalscalledhormonesnot

onlymaketeenagers5bodiesdevelopadultcharacteristics,butalsomakeithardforteenagerstofallasleepbefore

11pm.

Becausesleepinessissuchaproblemforteenagers,someschooldistrictshavedecidedtostarthighschoolclasses

laterthantheyusedto.Threeyearsago,schoolsinEdina,Minnesota,changedthestarttimefrom7:25amto8:30

am.Students,parentsandteachersarepleasedwiththeresults.

【范文】

Nowadays,thetrendforAmericankidstosleeplesshasbeentowardlarge.Accordingtothesurveyconducted

byNationalSleepFoundation,school-agechildrensufferthelackofsleeptime.Dr.CarskadonarguesthatTVs,

homework,theinternetandthephoneexertnegativeinlluenceonchildren'ssleepinghabits,whilesimultaneously,

otherexpertsimply/suggest/argue/holdthisphenomenonstemspartlyfromchanginglevelsofbodychemicals.To

relievethesituation,decisionshavebeenmadeaccordinglyinsomedistrictstostarthighschoolclasseslater.

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Surfingthenetwhenyoushouldbefinishingaworkreport，changingclotheswhenyouhaveatraintocatch,

orperhapsevenlyinginbedwhenyou'vepromisedyourselfyou'llworkout.Soundfamiliar?Youaren'talone.We

allprocrastinate（拖延）sometimes,especiallywhenitcomestothingswearen'treallyfondof.

Astudyshowedthatwespendabout218minutesprocrastinatingeveryday,whichamountsto55daysoflost

timeeachyear.Wemightnotthinkthesefiguresparticularlyworthyofworry,butwhenwelookattheoverall

impactofprocrastinationonourlives,it'sadifferentstory.Notonlydoesthiscostfinancialloss,italsoaffects

peaceofmind.Ingeneral,peoplewhocontinuallyputthingsoffareunhappier,aswellasbeinglesswealthyand

healthy.

Sowhydowedoit?”Whenweavoidtakingaction,we'rereallyavoidingpain,“explainspsychiatrist（精神

病學(xué)家）PhilStutz.Formostofus,painavoidanceisn'tlimitedtoonesituation.ltappliestoalmostanythingthat's

painful.Mostofustryourbestnevertoleaveacomfortzone.That'swhywesacrificesomethingmuchmorevaluable:

time."Ourtimeonearthislimited,“Stutzadds/'Everymomentisanopportunitywe'llneverhave

again.Procrastinatorsactasiftheyhaveallthetimeintheworld.Butdeepdown,theyknowthey'rewastingparts

oftheirlives.Thetroubleis,mostofthemdon'tknowhowtofreethemselves.^^

Onewayhesaysweridprocrastinationisbyovercomingthepainofavoidanceusingdailyvisualization（想

象）.Picturethepainyou'reavoidingasablackcloudinfrontofyou,"Stutzsays.4UNoticehowyou'retiredof

thewaysthispainhasheldyoubackinlife,andtellyourselfthatyou'redeterminedtoconquerit.Thenit'stimeto

getthroughthecloudandtotheotherside-whereyou'refree.^^Expertsinsist:procrastinatorscanchangetheir

behavior,ittakesalotofseiworkbutintheend,it'sworththeeffbrt.Andstarttoday,nottomorrow.

【參考范文】

Inourdailylife，almosteveryonehasexperiencedprocrastination,whichhasagreatinfluenceonourwealth

andhealth.Thereasonwhyweprocrastinateisthatwerefusetoleaveacomfortzone.Onewaytogetridof

procrastinationistoovercomethepainofavoidancewithdailyvisualization.

押題3

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Therearemanybenefitsofpublictransportation.Forexample,publictransportationmakesiteasierfbrpeople

togetwheretheywantandneedtogo.ltalsohelpspeoplesavemoney,asthecostofmaintaining（維修保養(yǎng)）a

workingvehicleisoftenmuchmorethanthecostassociatedwithpublictransportation.Thefrequencyoftraffic

jamsandaccidentsmayalsobereducedwhenapersonusespublictransportation.

Oneofthemainbenefitsofpublictransportationisthefactthatitmakesiteasierforpeopletoget

around.Withoutpublictransportation,manypeople-especiallythosewithoutcars—wouldbelimitedinwhere

theycouldgoandwhattheycoulddo.Withpublictransportation,however,peoplecangettoschoolandwork,

gettothegrocerystoreandtodoctors'offices,andvisitrelatives,eveniftheydonotownvehicles.Public

transportationservespeopleofallagesandfromallwalksoflife,rangingfromfamilies，includingtheirchildren,

tobusinesspeopleontheirwaytotheoffice,totheelderly.

Often,peoplecomplainaboutthecostofpublictransportationwhentheratesareraised.Whencomparedwith

thecostofbuyingacar,manypeoplefindthatchoosingtoridepublictransportationisamuchcheaperoption.

Whenpublictransportationisavailable,manypeoplechoosetouseitinsteadofdrivingtoworkand

school.Thisistrueevenofmanypeoplewhoowncars,astheymayprefertoridetoworkonabusortrainrather

thandealwithtrafficjamsandparkingfrustrationseachday.Whenpeoplemakethischoice,theresultislesstraffic

ontheroadways,whichmeansfewertrafficjamsandlesspollution.Infact,thechoicemanypeoplemaketoride

publictransportationmayeventranslateintofewercaraccidentsandvehiclerelateddeathsandinjuries.Additionally,

theuseofpublictransportationalsomeanslessgasisconsumedeachyear.

【參考范文。

Peoplecanbenefitagreatdealfrompublictransportation.Firstly,itenablespeopletogowherevertheywant

orneedtogo.Secondly,bytakingpublictransportation,peoplemaysavealargeamountofmoney.Moreover,it

mayhelpreducemanytrafficjamsandaccidents.Finally,theuseofpublictransportationisalsoanefficientway

todecreasetheconsumptionofgas.

押題4

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Anew，firstofitskindstudyexaminestheconnectionbetweenteacherburnoutandstudents,stress

levels.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiacollectedsaliva。垂液）samplesfromover400

elementaryschoolchildren,gradesfourtoseven,at17publicschools.Cortisol（皮質(zhì)醇）levelswerethenassessed

fromthesamplesasthehormoneiscommonlyusedasabiologicalindicatorofstress.Correspondingly,teacher

burnoutwasdeterminedthroughsurveyresults.

Investigatorsfoundthatinclassroomsinwhichteachersexperiencedmoreburnout,orfeelingsofemotional

exhaustion,students'cortisollevelswereelevated（提升）.Highercortisollevelsinelementaryschoolchildrenhave

beenlinkedtolearningdifficultiesaswellasmentalhealthproblems.ThestudyappearsinthejoumalSocialScience

&Medicine.''Thissuggeststhatstresscontagion（蔓延）mightbetakingplaceintheclassroomamongstudentsand

theirteacher