高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一編 二閱讀七選五 第2講 4種線索定答案練習(xí) 新人教版-新人教版高三全冊英語試題

第2講4種線索定答案線索1代詞指代線索典例片段1(2019·河南名校模考，片段)語篇類型：議論文主題語境：學(xué)校生活I(lǐng)fyouweretodropinonanyAmericanhighschoolthesedays,whatwouldyousee?Cellphones.Lotsofthem.__1__Andit'stypicaltoseethemtappingawayorlisteningtomusicthroughtheirearphones.Mostschoolsallowstudentstohavecellphonesforsafety......However,noneofthesesupposedadvantagescanovercomeoneverybasicdisadvantage...Sowhat'sthesolution?...Theeffectiveteachermustconnectwithhisorherstudentsinordertoholdtheirattention...A．Everyonelikesusingphones.B．Virtuallyallstudentshaveone.C．Theteacher'sgoalmustbetoattracttheirdesiretolearn.D．Usingphonestotakenotesintheclassroombecomespopular.E．Theycanserveasnotepadsorasanalarmforsettingstudyreminders.F．Eventually,theteacherwarnsthemthattheirphoneswillbetakenaway.G．Cellphonesmakestudentsfailtofocusonschoolworkandclassactivities.分析上文：“Cellphones.Lotsofthem.”有很多人帶手機(jī)。下文提示：“seethemtapping”中的代詞them指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞。分析語境：說明此處應(yīng)該提到them所代替的詞。對(duì)比選項(xiàng)：B項(xiàng)“Virtuallyallstudentshaveone.”中one指代上文提到的Cellphones。其中的students是下文them指代的內(nèi)容，故選B。線索2詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)線索典例片段2(2018·全國卷Ⅰ，片段)語篇類型：說明文主題語境：日常生活...Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.__1__，theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways上文詞匯：上文提到“Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.(多年來，有許多不同的技術(shù)來幫助設(shè)計(jì)師處理這一重要問題。)”由“importantpoint”可知，這些技巧應(yīng)該是“有用的(beuseful)”。下文詞匯：下文“alittlecomplex”與“areuseful”是對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。代詞替代：allofthem指代上文提到的“anumberofdifferenttechniques”。鎖定答案：A項(xiàng)“盡管這些技巧都很有用”，與下文“theycangetalittlecomplex”呼應(yīng)，故選A。線索3邏輯關(guān)系線索典例片段3(2018·全國卷Ⅰ，片段)語篇類型：說明文主題語境：日常生活...Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.__1__.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways上文內(nèi)容：上文提到“Whetheryou'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.(無論你是在看墻紙還是油漆，投入的時(shí)間、精力和相關(guān)花費(fèi)都是很重要的。)”關(guān)系確定：此處是因果關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)中關(guān)鍵詞“so”“because”使上下文順暢連接。對(duì)比分析：“付出肯定是值得的，因?yàn)槟阆朐诘谝淮尉桶咽虑樽龊?。”故選F。線索4平行結(jié)構(gòu)線索典例片段4(2019·北京海淀?？迹?語篇類型：說明文主題語境：學(xué)校生活...Sowhatcanyoudotofightagainstthenegativemindsetandstaycalmbeforeandduringyourtest?__1__Yes,thisseemsobvious,butit'sworthrepeating.Ifyoufeelconfidentthatyou'vepreparedthoroughly,you'llfeelmoreconfidentwalkingintothetest.Thesecondtipissimple:juststart.Theblankpagecanmaximizeyouranxiety....Besides,allocating(分配)yourtimeisequallyimportant.Lookthroughthewholetestbeforegettingstarted.Mentallyallocatehowmuchtimeyou'llspendoneachsection.Ifthere'stimetorecheck,evenbetter.A．Thefirstthingyoushoulddoistobeprepared.B．Peopleoftendealwithexamstressinmanyunhelpfulways.C．Iftheseclassicsignsofexamanxietysoundfamiliar,you'renotalone!D．Therefore,peopleneedanappropriateamountofpressuretohelpdealwithexams.E．Realizingtimeisalmostupandthatthere'sstillalotofblankspacewillmakeyoudesperate.F．However,ifyouareoverlyanxiousabouttheresult,youmaybeunabletofocusonyourwork.G．Afteryougetthepaper,diverightinbygettingsomequestionsdonetobuildupyourconfidence.鎖定主旨：以問題形式引入，如何與考試時(shí)的負(fù)面情緒抗?fàn)?？正確分析：下文應(yīng)該是對(duì)該問題的回答。相似句型：下文提到“Thesecondtipis...”以及“Besides,...”。確定答案：此處應(yīng)該與“Thesecondtipis...”是平行結(jié)構(gòu)，屬于第一條建議。A項(xiàng)“Thefirstthingyoushoulddoistobeprepared.”符合語境，故選A。(2019·安徽江南十校二模)語篇類型：說明文主題語境：資源保護(hù)ConservationrequiresthereasonableuseofallEarth'snaturalresources.Peoplewhoareconcernedaboutconservationtrytheirbesttoprotectnaturalresources.Someresourcesarerenewable.__1__Butrenewableresourcescanstillbedamagedordestroyed.Forexample,peoplemaycatchtoomanyofonetypeoffish.Ifnotenoughfishareleft,thattypeoffishmightdieout.Conservationhelpspeoplekeeprenewableresourcesingoodsupply.Someresourcesarenonrenewable,whichmeanstheycannotbereplaced.Fossilfuels,suchascoalandoil,areexamplesofnonrenewableresources.Peoplecanconservenonrenewableresourcesbyusingthemcarefully.__2____3__Forexample,carsmaketraveleasy,buttheyalsoproducealotofairpollution.Tohavecleanair,peoplecanchoosetodrivelessandwalkmore.Suchchangescanbetoughwhenpeoplehavegottenusedtoacertainlife－style.Moneyisanotherreasonwhyconservationcanbeachallenge.Forexample,atimber(木材)companymightbeabletoprotectforestanimalsbylimitingthenumberoftreesitcuts.__4__Everyonecancontributetoconservationinonewayoranother.Peoplecanrecyclepaper,glass,andothermaterials.__5__Governmentscanmakelawsthathelptokeeptheairandwaterclean.A．Industriescanlimittheamountofpollutiontheycreate.B．Theyalsotrytokeeptheenvironmentcleanandhealthy.C．Butitmightnotbewillingtodosobecauseitwillmakelessprofit.D．Recyclingsavesresourcesbyreusingmaterialsthatwouldbethrownaway.E．Theycanalsolookforotheralternativeresourcesthatservethesamepurpose.F．Conservationcanbehardbecauseitcanrequirepeopletogiveupsomeconveniences.G．Livingthings,suchasplantsandanimalsaresuchexamplesbecausetheycanreproducethemselves.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們保護(hù)自然資源的原因、困難及解決辦法。1．G該空是段中過渡句，采用例證法(關(guān)鍵詞是“suchexamples”)對(duì)上文提到的關(guān)鍵詞“renewable”作進(jìn)一步解釋。根據(jù)復(fù)現(xiàn)信息“reproducethemselves”可以判斷出正確答案。2．E上文提到“people”，如果再次提到，可以用they來代替。上文使用“Peoplecanconservenonrenewableresources”結(jié)構(gòu)，下文采用“Peoplecanalso...”結(jié)構(gòu)說明節(jié)約不可再生資源的另一種方法。3．F下一段提到“Moneyisanotherreason”，說明空格處是其中一個(gè)使保護(hù)自然資源面臨困難的原因。再由下文“Forexample”可知，空格所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容與此處例子相關(guān)。再由復(fù)現(xiàn)信息“Suchchangescanbetough”可推知正確選項(xiàng)。4．C上文提到“l(fā)imitingthenumberoftreesitcuts”，靠木材生存的廠家要減少砍伐樹木的數(shù)量，勢必造成利潤減少，所以下文應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折句。5．A上文提到保護(hù)自然資源遇到的問題，舉例時(shí)提到私家車(cars)和木材公司(timbercompany)?？崭袼诙温涫墙鉀Q的辦法，空格前提到個(gè)人(people)該怎么做，后面提到政府(government)該采取的措施，那么可以推斷，此處應(yīng)該是像木材公司這樣的行業(yè)(industries)該怎么去做。專題強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練(一)(1)(2019·湖北七市聯(lián)考)Therewasasurveyofthepeoplewhowerebornfrom1980to2000,askingthemwhattheirmostimportantlifegoalswere.Over80percentsaiditwastogetrich.__1__We'reconstantlytoldtodevotemoretoourwork,topushharderandtoachievemore.We'regiventheimpressionthatthesearethethingsthatweneedtogoaftertohaveagoodlife.Butisthatthetruth?__2__Butwhatifwecouldstudypeoplefromthetimewhentheywereteenagersallthewayintooldagetoseewhatreallykeepspeoplehappyandhealthy?TheHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopmentdidit.For75years,they'vetrackedthelivesof724men.Studieslikethisareextremelyrare.Almostallprojectsofthiskindfallapartwithinadecadebecausetoomanypeopledropoutofthestudy.__3__Ortheresearcherscan'tgettogether.Butthroughacombinationofluckandthepersistenceofseveralgenerationsofresearchers,thisstudyhassurvived.Sowhathavetheylearned?Theconclusionisthatit'snotwealthorfamethatcounts.__4__They'velearnedthreebiglessonsaboutrelationships.Firstly,peoplewhoaremoresociallyconnectedtofamily,tofriendsandtocommunityarehappierandphysicallyhealthier.Thesecondisthatit'snotjustthenumberoffriendsyouhavebutthequalityofyourcloserelationshipsthatmatters.Andthethirdisthatgoodrelationshipsdon'tjustprotectourbodies.__5__A．Theycanevenprotectourbrains.B．Tobecomefamouscamesecond.C．Orfundingfortheresearchdriesup.D．Thegoodlifeisbuiltwithrelationships.E．Itturnsoutthatbeinginconflictisbadforourhealth.F．Itisgoodrelationshipsthatkeepushappierandhealthier.G．Tobefrank,sometimeswealthandfamecanmakepeoplehappy.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于什么能真正讓人們快樂和健康的研究。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，讓我們更快樂、更健康的不是財(cái)富和名望，而是良好的人際關(guān)系。1．B根據(jù)設(shè)空處前兩句可知有一項(xiàng)對(duì)1980年到2000年出生的人的調(diào)查，詢問他們最重要的生活目標(biāo)是什么，超過80%的人說最重要的生活目標(biāo)是變富有。B項(xiàng)“目標(biāo)為想要出名次之”，符合語境，故選B。2．G根據(jù)設(shè)空處前兩句“We'regiventheimpressionthatthesearethethingsthatweneedtogoaftertohaveagoodlife.Butisthatthetruth？”可知，我們得到的印象是，為了過上美好的生活，我們需要追求這些東西。但事實(shí)果真如此嗎？G項(xiàng)“坦率地說，有時(shí)財(cái)富和名望能使人快樂”，符合語境，故選G。3．C設(shè)空處上一句“Almostallprojectsofthiskindfallapartwithinadecadebecausetoomanypeopledropoutofthestudy.”(幾乎所有這類項(xiàng)目在十年內(nèi)都會(huì)分崩離析，因?yàn)橛刑嗳送顺隽诉@項(xiàng)研究)及設(shè)空處下一句“Ortheresearcherscan'tgettogether.”都在解釋這類研究稀少的原因。C項(xiàng)“或是研究經(jīng)費(fèi)枯竭”也是原因之一，符合語境，故選C。4．F本段主要敘述良好的人際關(guān)系令我們更快樂，身體更健康，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“良好的人際關(guān)系讓我們更快樂、更健康”，符合語境，故選F。5．A根據(jù)設(shè)空處上一句“Andthethirdisthatgoodrelationshipsdon'tjustprotectourbodies.”可知良好的人際關(guān)系不僅僅是保護(hù)我們的身體。A項(xiàng)“它們甚至可以保護(hù)我們的大腦”，符合語境，故選A。trackvt.追蹤combinationn.合并persistencen.毅力countv.計(jì)算；視為；依賴；重要，有價(jià)值第三段第二句：Theconclusionisthatit'snotwealthorfamethatcounts.譯文：結(jié)論是財(cái)富和名聲都不重要。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)表語從句。在表語從句中有一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“it's...that...”。count是動(dòng)詞，意為“重要，有意義”。(2)(2019·北京海淀?？?BenefitsofSportsDoingsportsisaphysical,mentalandsocialadventure.It'sagreatwayforchildrentotakeabreakfromacademicsandreleaseextraenergy.Italsohelpsthemleadfullerandhappierlivesasregularsportshaveproventoimproveoverallwell-being.Thephysicalbenefitsofdoingsportsareprobablythemostobvious.Regardlessofyourfitnesslevelwhenyoustartplayingsports,you'llnoticeanincreaseinyouroverallfitnessonceyou'reinvolved.__1__Basketballplayersfocusonstrengthtraining;footballplayersworkonspeedwhiletrackathletestrainthroughlongerruns.Thetrainingprocesshelpspromotephysicalfitnessandperformancesincompetitions.__2__Playingsportscontributestomentalhealth,helpingtoincreaseconfidenceandself-worth.Apatontheback,high-fivefromateammate,orhandshakeafteramatchreallyboostsachild'sconfidence.Wordsofpraiseandencouragementfromthecoach,parentsandotherplayersraisetheself-worth.__3__Soafteragame,it'sabetterideatoask“Didyouenjoythegame？”ratherthan“Didyouwin？”Childrenwhoparticipateinsportsmightalsobenefitfromthesocialaspect,feelingpartofagroup,buildingupaccountabilityandleadership.__4__Teamworkinvolvesbothbeingdependableasateammateandlearningtorelyonyourteammatestoachieveapositiveoutcome.Teamworkbreedsaccountabilityandchallengesyoutoberesponsibleforyouractions.Beingpartofateamgivesyouanopportunitytobealeader.Disciplineisanothersocialadvantage.Mostorganizedsportsrequireastricttrainingandpracticeschedule.Asastudent-athlete,youneedtobalanceacademicsandathletics.__5__Thereisnoshortageofreasonstofindasporttogetinvolvedin.Areyoureadytogo?Pickoneandgetmoving!A．It'snotjustyourbodythatbenefitsfromsports.B．Therefore,playingsportsisgoingtomakeyoumorefit.C．Butremember,achild'sself-worthshouldnotbedistinguishedbyvictoryorloss.D．Ifyouplaygroupsports,you'llbepartofateamthattakesdirectionfromacoach.E．Nearlyeverysportrequiresphysicalactivityandtheskillsneededtobecompetitive.F．Amongthese,learninghowtofunctionaspartofateamisthemostimportantadvantage.G．Onlywithstrictdisciplinecanyoubesuccessfulbothintheclassroomandinthesportsfield.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的益處。1．E主題句是“運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)身體的好處”。根據(jù)設(shè)空處后一句可知，籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員注重力量訓(xùn)練，足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員側(cè)重速度，而田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)員通過長跑訓(xùn)練。由此推知，幾乎每一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)都需要體力活動(dòng)和具有競爭力的技能。故選E項(xiàng)。2．A下句提到“Playingsportscontributestomentalhealth,helpingtoincreaseconfidenceandself-worth.(運(yùn)動(dòng)有助于心理健康，有助于增強(qiáng)自信和自我價(jià)值)”說明此處應(yīng)該是運(yùn)動(dòng)不僅僅對(duì)身體有好處。故選A。3．C下句提到應(yīng)該問“你喜歡這場比賽嗎？”而不是“你贏了嗎？”，C項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“shouldnotbedistinguishedbyvictoryorloss”與此呼應(yīng)。4．F下句關(guān)鍵詞是“Teamwork”，與選項(xiàng)F中“functionaspartofateam”呼應(yīng)。5．G本段講的是運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來的紀(jì)律方面的好處，只有G項(xiàng)“只有嚴(yán)格遵守紀(jì)律，你才能在課堂上和運(yùn)動(dòng)場上都取得成功。”與此呼應(yīng)，而且與上句緊密相連。well-beingn.健康；幸福accountabilityn．責(zé)任getinvolvedin參與第二段第二句：Regardlessofyourfitnesslevelwhenyoustartplayingsports,you'llnoticeanincreaseinyouroverallfitnessonceyou'reinvolved.譯文：當(dāng)你開始運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)候，無論你的健康水平如何，一旦你參加了運(yùn)動(dòng)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的整體健康水平有了提高。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。regardlessof引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，“不管……，不顧……”。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。once引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，“一旦……”。(3)(原創(chuàng)題)HowtoWriteaPlayAstageplayinvolvesdramaandactionasitsmostpureactions.__1__IfyouwanttojointheranksofShakespeare,Ibsen,andArthurMiller,youneedtodevelopabold,character-drivenstorymeanttobeperformedinatheatre.Startwithcharacters.Playsarecharacter-drivenpiecesofwriting.Sinceit'sbasicallygoingtobealotoftalkingbetweenpeople,yourcharactersneedtobeasbelievableaspossible.Ingreatplays,theinnertensionsbetweencharactersenactthemselvesinexternalways.__2____3__Thesettingoftheplayiswhereandwhenthestorytakesplace.Placingyourcharacterinatensesituationorlocationisanimportantwaytocreatedrama.Combiningcharacterandsettingcanalsobeagoodwayofdevelopingyourcharacter,andfiguringoutwhatkindofstorymightresultfromtheirplacementinthatsetting.Understandthelimitationsofthestage.__4__Aplayisbasicallyanongoingseriesofconversationsbetweenpeople.Thefocusneedstobeonthetensionbetweenthecharacters,thelanguage,andondevelopingyourcharactersintobelievablepeople.Itisn'tagreatmediumforgunfightsandcarchases.Alwaysbemovingforward.Intheearlydrafts,you'llprobablywritealotofscenesthatwanderwithoutreallygoinganywhere.That'sOK.Sometimesyouneedtohavethecharacterspendalongawkwarddinnerconversationwiththeirbrother-in-lawtofindoutsomethingthatgivesyouawholenewperspectiveonthedrama.Great！__5__Butitdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthewholedinnerdateisimportanttotheplay.A．Considerthesetting.B．Besuretoincludewhythesettingishowitis.C．Remember:you'renotwritingamovie.D．Allyou'vegottoworkwithischaractersandlanguage.E．Thatmeansyou'rewritingsuccessfully.F．It'simportanttoseenewplaysifyou'regoingtowritenewplays.G．Theyneedtohaveproblemsthatshowupintheirbehavior.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。想寫出優(yōu)秀的舞臺(tái)劇本嗎？讀完本篇文章，會(huì)讓你受益良多。1．D選項(xiàng)D與設(shè)空處前面的“dramaandactionasitsmostpureactions”呼應(yīng)，也與后面的“character-driven”呼應(yīng)，因此選D。2．G根據(jù)設(shè)空處前面的“theinnertensionsbetweencharactersenactthemselvesinexternalways”以外部的方式表演出這些人物性格的內(nèi)在緊張性，可知他們需要通過行為來表達(dá)內(nèi)心問題，故選G。3．A選項(xiàng)A與設(shè)空處后面的“Thesettingoftheplay”中的setting呼應(yīng)，故選A。4．C選項(xiàng)C與標(biāo)題“Understandthelimitationsofthestage.(理解舞臺(tái)的局限性)”有關(guān)，根據(jù)本段最后一句話也可知，舞臺(tái)劇不能呈現(xiàn)槍戰(zhàn)和飛車追逐，因此選C“記?。耗悴皇窃趯戨娪皠”尽?。5．E根據(jù)設(shè)空處前面的“Great”可知，在寫作方面有了很大的成功。character-drivenadj.角色驅(qū)動(dòng)的ongoingadj.繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的，不斷發(fā)展的mediumn.媒介，手段，方法awkwardadj.令人尷尬的；使人難堪的第三段最后一句：Combiningcharacterandsettingcanalsobeagoodwayofdevelopingyourcharacter,andfiguringoutwhatkindofstorymightresultfromtheirplacementinthatsetting.譯文：將角色和背景結(jié)合起來也是一個(gè)好方法，它可以發(fā)展你的角色，以及弄清楚他們在那個(gè)背景中可能會(huì)發(fā)展出什么樣的故事。分析：這是一個(gè)簡單句。句中現(xiàn)在分詞短語Combiningcharacterandsetting作主語，agoodway為表語。介詞短語ofdevelopingyourcharacter,andfiguringout...作后置定語修飾way;figuringout后是what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。(4)(2019·湖南長沙?？?Itisnotassimpleasopeningthedoorandhittingthetrackinwinter.Thereareafewthingsyoucandotoensureyouaregettingthemostoutofyourrun,and,importantly,notdoingmoreharmthangood.Warmup,cooldown__1__Yourmusclesneedsometimetowarmupwhenit'scold,sotakeiteasywhenyousetoffanddoafewstretches(伸展)onceyou'refinished.DrinkwaterYoumightnotfeelhot,butthat'sbecausesweatevaporates(蒸發(fā))morequicklyintothechilly,dryair.Sobesuretodrinkwaterbefore,duringandaftercold-weatherworkouts.__2__Abeltbottleconvenientlyattachestoyourwaistsoyoudon'thavetocarryitandcanhaveadrinkwheneveryoufeellikeit.__3__Runningincottonisabadidea.Wearthin,breathablelayersofsynthetic(合成的)clothingthathelpprotectyoufromthewindandsnow,butstillletoutheatandmoisture(水分).Thirtypercentofyourbodyheatescapesthroughyourhandsandfortypercentthroughyourhead.Wearahat,orbeanie(無邊小便帽),andglovessoyourcirculatorysystemcandistributewarmbloodtotherestofyourbody.__4__Runintothewind__5__Obviously,itwillbeaneasierpassagehomewithsomeextrahelpfromMotherNature.But,moreimportantly,youwon'thavethewindinyourfaceforthesecondhalfofyourrun,whenyouaremorelikelytobesweatingandcatchachill.A．Dressright.B．Keepwarm.C．Don'tgotoofast,toosoon.D．Startandfinishinthesameway.E．Don'twaittodrinkwateruntilyoufeelthirsty.F．Headoutintothewindandcomehomewithitatyourback.G．Onreallycolddays,wearamaskorscarfoveryourmouthtoprotectyourface.eq\x(篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了冬天外出鍛煉時(shí)應(yīng)該了解的常識(shí)。)1．C由設(shè)空后的“Yourmusclesneedsometimetowarmup”(你的肌肉需要一些時(shí)間來熱身)和“takeiteasy”可知，不要急于跑得過快。2．E本段主題是“喝水”。由設(shè)空前的“確保之前喝水”可知，此處應(yīng)該是“不要等到渴了再喝水”。3．A本段講的是跑步時(shí)穿戴方面的一些注意事項(xiàng)。故A項(xiàng)符合語境。4．G上文提到跑步時(shí)穿的衣服、戴的帽子和手套等，此處應(yīng)該是戴上口罩或圍巾保護(hù)面部。5．F由該段最后一句可知，在跑步的后半段，當(dāng)你更有可能出汗和受涼的時(shí)候，你不要迎著風(fēng)，因此這是介紹逆風(fēng)運(yùn)動(dòng)、順風(fēng)回家的必要性。F項(xiàng)符合題意。ensurevt.確保attachto附著于……distributevt.分配；散布第二段第二句：Yourmusclesneedsometimetowarmupwhenit'scold,sotakeiteasywhenyousetoffanddoafewstretches(伸展)onceyou'refinished.譯文：當(dāng)天氣冷的時(shí)候，你的肌肉需要一些時(shí)間來熱身，所以當(dāng)你出發(fā)的時(shí)候要放松，當(dāng)你完成的時(shí)候做一些伸展運(yùn)動(dòng)。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。兩個(gè)when都引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。once也引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“一旦”。專題強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練(二)(1)(2019·安徽押題卷)Bloating(脹氣)isoftencausedbyeatingcertainfoods,inparticular,thosehighinfibre.Butfibreshouldn'tbetheenemywhenitcomestobloating,accordingtonutritionistCassandraBarns.__1__Don'tcutoutfibreFibreplaysanimportantroleinone'shealth,andtheshortageofitwillleadtohealthyproblems.__2__Cassandraexplained:“Alackoffibrecancontributetoconstipation(便秘)．”__3__Whileeatingasmuchfibreaspossiblemayseemahealthyoption,eatingtoomuchcanalsoplayhavoc(災(zāi)害)withyourdigestivesystem.Cassandrasaid:“Toomuchfibremaynotbehelpfulforthosewithbloating,flatulenceorabdominalpain,especiallyinsolublefibresuchasthatfoundinwheatbran,seedsandnutsandtheretoughpartsofvegetablesandfruitssuchastheirskins.”WhichgrainstochooseIfyou'repartialtoeatinggrainsasyoursourceoffibre,therearecertainonesconsideredbetterthanothersatreducingbloating.Cassandrasaid:“Ifyoueatgrains,choosethe‘gentler’onessuchasbrownriceandoats.”HowtopreparevegetablesandfruitsWhenitcomestofruitsandvegetables,Cassandraadvisesputtinginabitoftimetopreparethem.Shesaid:“__4__”Nutsandseeds__5__Cassandraexplained:“Soakingnutsandseedsinwaterfor8to12hourscanhelpthemtobemoreeasilydigested.”O(jiān)nenutinparticularcouldbecausingyourbloatingaswellasstomachcramps.A．AvoidfibreoverloadB．Beforeeatingnutsandseedsthere'sasimplestepyoushouldtake.C．Keepoffthevegetablesandfruits.D．Herearesomeadvicetorememberwhenitcomestofibreandbeatingthebloatfromher.E．Forexample,alackoffibreinaperson'sdietcanleadtobowelmovementproblems.F．Youshouldleavethemalonesomedays,sotheycandigestquickly.G．Peelorgentlycookvegetablesandfruitsratherthaneatingthemraw.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們對(duì)高纖維導(dǎo)致脹氣的誤解，并辯證地看待纖維在健康中所扮演的角色。1．D空格前提到CassandraBarns及下文提到五點(diǎn)具體建議，D項(xiàng)承上啟下，其中的her指代CassandraBarns。2．E上文提到纖維在人類的健康中起著重要的作用，缺少它會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康問題，E項(xiàng)是對(duì)導(dǎo)致的健康問題的舉例說明。3．A以下兩段是對(duì)不要過量食用纖維的解釋說明，選項(xiàng)A概括此部分內(nèi)容。4．G上文提到水果與蔬菜需要時(shí)間去準(zhǔn)備，G項(xiàng)是怎樣準(zhǔn)備水果和蔬菜，符合題意。5．B由B項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞“nutsandseeds”與下文內(nèi)容相符。fibren.纖維nutritionistn.營養(yǎng)學(xué)家digestvt.消化第三段：Whileeatingasmuchfibreaspossiblemayseemahealthyoption,eatingtoomuchcanalsoplayhavoc(災(zāi)害)withyourdigestivesystem.譯文：雖然盡可能多地吃纖維似乎是一個(gè)健康的選擇，但吃得太多也會(huì)破壞你的消化系統(tǒng)。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管，雖然”。(2)(2019·重慶名校模考)Readytotakeagapyear?A“GapYear”isaperiodoftimewhenastudenttakesabreakbeforegoingtouniversity.Itisoftenspenttravellingorworking.__1__GapyearsarepopularwithEuropeanandAustralianstudents,butremainlesspopularinAmerica.However,inrecentyears,moreandmoreAmericanstudentsarepreparingforcollegebytakingagapyear.Theadvantagesoftakingagapyearareasfollows：__2__Althoughyoudon'thavetogoabroadtoexperiencegapyears,mostgapyearstudentscatchthechancetotravelabroad.Youareabletoworkoutwhoyouareandwhatyouarefor.Theexperiencesofdifferentculturesofferyouinterestinglessons.Youcanlearnmoreabouttheworldandgettoknowyourselfbetter.FacechallengesandhavefunAgapyearisnotonlyatimetotakeavacation,butalsoatimetofacechallenges.Gapyearstudentsusuallywork,volunteerortakeserviceprojects.Youhavetolearnhowtogetalongintherealworld.Thisprocessisn'talwayseasy,butitisanimportantpartofgrowingup.__3__SavemoneyandimproveyourcollegeadmissionchancesThere'sacommonthoughtthatgapyearsareonlyforrichstudents,butit'snottrue.Actually,takingagapyearcansaveyourmoney.Gapyearstudentsoftentakeapart-timejob.Besides,attheendofagapyear,studentsaremuchmorelikelytoknowwhattostudyincollege.__4____5__Bothofthemareexcellentandhavehighgrades.However,onestudenthasmuchpracticalexperienceorhasvolunteeredinhisvacation.Whodoyouthinktheadmissionofficerwillchoose?A．LearnabouttheworldandyourselfB．Onlyinthiswaycanyouenjoylifeandhavefun.C．Checkoutyourgapyearchoicesbeforemakingtherightdecision.D．Itcangiveyoungpeopleusefullearningexperiencesandnewskills.E．Imagineanadmissionofficertryingtoadmitonlyonebetweentwostudents.F．Morestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagapyearbeforegoingtouniversity.G．Clearlearninggoalscankeepthestudentsworkinghardinsteadofwastingtimeandmoneyplaying.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了“間隔年”的好處。1．D上文提到間隔年是什么，此處應(yīng)該是間隔年的好處：它可以給年輕人提供有用的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷和新技能。2．A由本段內(nèi)容尤其是最后一句可知，你可以更多地了解這個(gè)世界，更好地了解自己。A項(xiàng)與此相符。3．B此處是總結(jié)句，由本段標(biāo)題“Facechallengesandhavefun”可知，選B。4．G由設(shè)空前的“studentsaremuchmorelikelytoknowwhattostudyincollege”可知，此處應(yīng)該是明確的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)會(huì)讓學(xué)生努力學(xué)習(xí)。5．E下文的“Bothofthem”與E項(xiàng)中的“onlyonebetweentwostudents”相呼應(yīng)。asfollows如下processn.過程；工序admissionn.錄取第三段第二句：Youareabletoworkoutwhoyouareandwhatyouarefor.譯文：你可以清楚地了解自己，以及自己的人生目標(biāo)。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。who和what均引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作動(dòng)詞workout的賓語。(3)Tocutgreenhousegasemissions,weneedtoincreasecyclistnumbersandthatmeansgettingmorewomenontheirbikes.Transportationaccountsforuptoone-thirdofgreenhousegasemissionsfromtheworld'sbiggestcities.Andtrafficisthelargestsourceofairpollution.Tocreatehealthyandliveablecities,weneedtoincreasethenumberofcyclistsonourstreets.__1__InSanFrancisco,only29%ofcyclistsarewomen.InBarcelona,therearethreemalecyclistsforeveryfemalecyclist.InLondon,37%ofcyclistsarefemale.__2__Surveysshowthatpotentialcyclistsofwomenarestoppedbysimilarconcerns,includingaggressiveandspeedingdrivers,thethreatposedbylargevehiclessuchaslorriesandbuses,andbiketheft.__3__Soprovidingsecurecycleroadsandparkingmayencouragethosewhodonotyetride.Also,peopledowhattheythinktobepossible.ResearchinSanFranciscofoundthatwomen,especiallywomenofcolour,feltthat“peoplelikeme”donotcycle.Similarly,49%ofpeopleinLondonsaytheydonotfeelcyclingisfor“peoplelikethem”.__4__Theseeventscanbepossibleforwomentotrycyclinginarelaxedenvironment.Theycanhelpmakecyclingmoreaccessible,alongwithapproachessuchasfemale-ledtrainingclasses.Hereisthetruth.__5__Itcanalsohelphandleclimatechangeandmakeourcitiesabetterplacetolive.A．Womenenjoypractisingcycling.B．Whatkindofsurveyisavailable?C．Itmeansgettingmorewomenontheirbikes.D．Sowhatcancitiesdotogetmorewomencycling?E．Afewsimplechangescanhelpbenefitpublichealth.F．However,womenregardsafecycleroadsandparkingasmoreurgent.G．Soweshouldholdeventstoletmorepeoplefeelthatcyclingisforeveryone.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講的是為了環(huán)保，如何讓更多的女士騎車出行。1．C由上一句可知，為了創(chuàng)建健康、宜居的城市，需要提高街上騎車的人的數(shù)量。此處做出了進(jìn)一步的解釋，并引出主題，C項(xiàng)符合語境。2．D下文提到女士騎車出行的兩大問題：行路安全和停車保障。此處應(yīng)該提出問題：如何讓更多的女士騎車出行呢？3．F由下一句可知，此處應(yīng)該是女士騎車出行所