全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程4課后答案

./全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程4習(xí)題答案上海外語教育出版社Unit1PartIITextAlexfOrganizationPartsParagraphsMainIdeasPartOneParas1-2Introduction—BothNapoleon'sandHitler'smilitarycampaignsfailedbecauseoftheseverityoftheRussianwinter.PartTwoParas3-11Napoleon'smilitarycampaignagainstRussiaPartThreeParas12-20Hitler'smilitarycampaignagainsttheSovietUnionPartFourPara21Conclusion—theelementsofnaturemustberekonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.2.SectionsParagraphsMainIdeasSectionOneParas12-13Hitler'sblitzkriegagainstRussiaandStalin'sscorchedearthpolicySectionTwoParas14-18thebattlesfoughtatLeningrad,MoscowandStalingradSectionThreeParas19-20theRussiancounter-offensiveandtheoutcomeofthewarVocabularyI.1.1>alliance2>atthecostof3>stroke4>limp5>minus6>regions7>declarations8>siege9>raw10>bidehistime11>havetakentheirtoll12>inthecaseof2.1>isfacedwith2>getboggeddown3>ispressingon/pressedon4>dragon5>getby6>dineout7>havecutback8>getthrough3.1>Therapidadvanceingenetherapymayleadtotheconquestofcancerinthenearfuture.2>Productioninmanyfactorieshasbeenbroughttoahaltbythedelayedarrivalofrawmaterialsduetothedockworkers’strike3>Sarahasmadeuphermindthatherleisureinterestswill/shouldnevergetinthewayofhercareer.4>Obviouslythereporter'squestioncaughttheforeignministeroffguard.5>Theintroductionoftheelectroniccalculatorhasrenderedtheslideruleoutofdate/obsolete.4.1>Beingfacedwithanenemyforcesmuchsuperiortoours,wehadtogiveuptheoccupationofbigcitiesandretreattotheruralandmountainousregionstobuildupourbases.2>Unityiscrucialtotheefficientoperationofanorganization.Failuretoreckonwiththisproblemwillweakenitsstrength.Inmanycases,workmaybebroughttoahaltbyconstantinternalstruggleinanorganization.3>TheRedArmyfoughtaheroicbattleatStalingradandwonthedecisivevictoryagainsttheGermans.Infact,thisbattleturnedthetideintheSecondWorldWar.Duringthisfamousbattle,theSoviettroopswithstoodtheGermansiegeandweakenedtheGermanarmybylaunchingaseriesofcounterattacks.II.MoreSynonymsinContext1>DuringtheFirstWorldWar,battlesoccurredhereandthereovervastareas.SomeofthemostdramaticfightingtookplaceinthegloomytrenchesofFranceandBelgium.2>Elizabethmadecarefulpreparationsfortheinterviewandherefforts/homeworkpaidoff.3>Ispenthourstryingtotalkhimintoacceptingthesettlement,butheturnedadeafeartoallmywords.4>Pneumoniahadseverelyweakenedherbody,andIwonderedhowherfragilebodycouldwithstandtheharshweather.III.Usage1>Butoftenitisnotuntilwefallillthatwefinallylearntoappreciategoodhealth.2>Aricholdladylaydeadathomefortwoweeks—andnobodyknewanythingaboutit.3>It'ssaidhedroppeddeadfromaheartattackwhenhewasatwork4>Don'tsittooclosetothefiretokeepwarm—youcouldeasilygetburned,especiallyifyoufallasleep.5>Inthosedayspeoplebelievedinmarryingyoungandhavingchildrenearly.6>LittleTomwasunabletositstillforlongerthanafewminutes.ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze<A>1.invasion2.standintheway3.Conquest4.catching...offhisguard5.launching6.declaration7.campaign8.dragon9.reckonwith10.bringing...toahalt<B>1.allow2.reckoned3.highly4.forecasts5.rapidly6.instant7.delivery8.advantage9.observing10.PowerfulII.Translation1.Mr.Dohertyandhisfamilyarecurrentlyengagedingettingtheautumnharvestinonthefarm.2.Wemustnotunderestimatetheenemy.Theyareequippedwiththemostsophisticatedweapons.3.Havingbeencutofajob/Nothavinghadajobfor3months,Philisgettingincreasinglydesperate.4.Sam,astheprojectmanager,isdecisive,efficient,andaccurateinhisjudgment.5.Sincethechemicalplantwasidentifiedasthesourceofsolution,thevillageneighborhoodcommitteedecidedtocloseitdownatthecostof100jobs.Theoffensivehadalreadylastedthreedays,butwehadnotgainedmuchground.Ourtroopsengagingtheenemyatthefrontwerefacedwithstrong/fierce/stiffresistance.Thedivisioncommanderinstructedourbattaliontogetaroundtotherearoftheenemyandlaunchasurpriseattack.Todoso,however,wehadtocrossamarshlandandmanyofuswereafraidwemightgetboggeddowninthemud.Ourbattalioncommanderdecidedtotakeagamble.Westartedundercoverofdarknessandpressedoninspiteofgreatdifficulties.Byastrokeofluck,thetemperatureatnightsuddenlydroppedtominus20degreesCelsiusandthemarshfrozeover.Thankstothecoldweather,wearrivedatourdestinationbeforedawnandbeganattackingtheenemyfromtherear.Thisturnedthetideofthebattle.Theenemy,caughtoffguard,soonsurrendered.Unit2TextAVocabularyI.1.1>expansion2>automated3>vapor4>takecontrolof5>hazards6>satellite7>vibrated8>magnetic9>bunched10>intheair11>got/wasstuckin12>approximately2.1>sendout2>standupfor3>passfor4>wereclosinginon5>startingup6>wentthrough7>fillout8>fallinto3.1>…incorporatesallthelatestsafetyfeatures2>…twotreestenfeetapart3>…awardinglucrativecontractstohisconstructionsite4>…theprototypeofanewmodelbeforetheysetupafactorytomakethecars.5>…arecorrelatedinallracialgroups4.1>theapplication,remote,hasturnedintoareality,arepoisedto2>thatvibrate,candetect,frequency3>lanes,aremountedin,alerta,hazardII.WordFormationClippedWordsBlendsKilokilogramMedicaremedicalcareMemomemorandumemailelectronicmailgymgymnasiumcomsatcommunicationssatellitelibliberationnewscastnewsbroadcastdocdoctorskyjackskyhijackvetveterinarianEurodollarEuropeandollarpreppreparatorybrunchbreakfastandlunchautoautomobiletelecasttelevisionbroadcastfluinfluenzaOxbridgeOxfordandCambridgeIII.1.swimmingpool2.drawingboard3.enrichedMiddleEnglish4.disturbingchange5.fullydevelopedprototype6.Cannedfoods7.workingpopulation8.puzzlingdifferencesComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze1.1>computerized2>startup3>bepoisedto4>alert5>hazards6>monotonous7>takecontrolof8>steer9>lane10>decrease11>calculate12>eliminate13>gettingstuckin14>mounted15>detect16>vapor2.1>generates2>related3>revolutionized4>enabled5>opportunities6>overall7>manufacturing8>dependent9>interact10>fatalitiesII.Translation1．1>Therewasanunusualquietnessintheair,exceptforthesoundofartilleryinthedistance.2>TheexpansionofurbanareasinsomeAfricancountrieshasbeencausingasignificantfallinlivingstandardsandanincreaseinsocialproblem.3>Theresearchshowsthatatmosphericcarbondioxidelevelsarecloselycorrelatedwithglobaltemperatures.4>Thefrequencyofthebusservicehasbeenimprovedfrom15to12minutesrecently5>Thediverstoodontheedgeofthedivingboard,poisedtojumpatthesignalfromthecoach.2.Automobileshave,sincetheirinvention,revolutionizedtransportation,changingforeverthewaypeoplelive,travel,anddobusiness.Ontheotherhand,theyhavebroughthazards,especiallyhighwayfatalities.However,todaytheapplicationofcomputertechnologyandelectronicsensorsindesigningandmanufacturingcarsmakesitpossibletoeliminatemostoftrafficaccidents.Forexample,electronicsensorsmountedinyourcarcandetectalcoholvaporintheairandrefusetostartuptheengine.Theycanalsomonitorroadconditionsbyreceivingradiosignalssentoutfromorbitingsatellitesandgreatlyreduceyourchancesofgettingstuckintrafficjams.Unit3TextAContentquestions1.Herunsamanufacturingcompany.2.Almostallofthemwereno.3.Thisapplicantwasillpreparedforthejobhewasapplyingforandthereforeillqualified.4.Preparetowin.5.Theynowhavetoswitchjobsfrequently.6.A90-year-oldtennisplayerwhowantedtoworkonhisweakness--backhandcourt.7.Believinginyourself,evenwhennooneelsedoes.8.Becausehewillmentionacabdriverwhoisdifferent.9.Hiseffortstomakeadifference.10.HewasofferedarideonadaywhenMinnesotawashitwithoneoftheworstsnowstormsinyearsandtheinternationalairporttherewasclosedforthefirsttimeindecades.11.Becausetherewerenotracksleftinthesnow,whichmeanshewasthefirstpersontotakeofffromthere.12Carlsonwasexcitedaboutbeingfirst,whichisexactlywhatthewriterrecommendstojobapplicants.TextOrganization1.PartsParagraphsMainIdeasPartOneParas1-6Anill-preparedcollegegraduatefailedhisinterview.PartTwoParas7-27Fourpiecesofadviceonbeingasuccessfulinterviewee.PartThreeParas28-31Makeyourowntracksinwhateveryoudo.2.SuggestionsExamples1>Preparetowin.1>MichaelJordan2>Neverstoplearning.2>a90-year-oldtennisplayer3>Believeinyourself,evenwhennooneelsedoes3>thefour-minutemile,theNewYorkMarathonandtheVietnamveteran.4>Findawaytomakeadifference.4>aNewYorkcabdriver.LanguageSenseEnhancement1.<1>checkedwith<2>interview<3>grill<4>clippings<5>berightfor<6>followup<7>indicating〔8hand-delivered<9>prepared<10>prospectiveLanguageFocusI.1.1>rude2>physically3>structure4>madeadifference5>blurted<out>6>chuckling7>measurable8>prospective9>preparations10>sparkled11>tookacrackat12>partner2.1>goafter2>lookbackat/on3>beputup4>stoodfor5>buildin6>followup7>behookedupto8>closedup3.1>grilledheraboutwhereshehadbeenallnight2>beyondCinderella'swildestdreamsthatshecouldonedaydanceintheKing’spalace3>willbeinreaders’handssoon4>doyourhomeworkbeforegoingonaninterview.5>wasintheneighborhoodof150dollars.4.1applicants,veteran,theprospective2Fromhisstandpoint,hasmadeeveryendeavortogoafter3>asthesayinggoes,tohaveacrackat,barelyII.WordswithMultipleMeanings1.behave2.usedtoavoidrepetition3.Clean4.getalong5.perform/complete6.perform/complete7.study8.beenough9.beacceptableIII.Usage1.Thereissomuchtosayanditishardtoknowwheretobegin.OK,I’lltalkaboutmyselffirst.2.Thankyouverymuch,John,foryourbeautifulChristmascard.Bytheway,Ihavesomethinghereforyou.3.Thenewcomputerlanguagecanbequiteeasilyunderstoodbyanyonewhocanreadthedailynewspaper.Now,whyisthisanadvantage?4.I’mgoingtoworkouttheoutlineandwillletyouknowhowitgoes.Bytheway,IwillseeyouinFebruary,asIplantoattendyourseminarinShanghai.5.OK,yougotthejob.Now,howtomaximizeyourprofitswithaslittleeffortaspossible?6.ChrisisbackfromAustralia.Incidentally,thosepicturesyousentmearewonderful.ComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze1.<1>prospective<2>AsIseeit<3>doneyourhomework<4>beforehand<5>endeavor<6>structure<7>partners<8>Respond<9>takeacrack<10>fromthestandpoint<11>makeadifference<12>followup2.<1>encouraging<2>inquiry<3>relevant<4>samples<5>references<6>advice<7>preparing<8>seriously<9>probably<10>exhibitII.Translation1.1>Despitetheinadequatelengthoftheairstripinthisemergencylanding,theveteranpilotmanagedtostoptheplaneaftertaxiingforonlyashortwhile.2>Grilledbythereporters,themoviestareventuallyblurted<out>thatshehadundergonetwoplasticsurgeries.3>Wehavethetechnologyandourpartnerhasthecapital.Workingtogether,we’llhavethefutureinourhands.4>IfIhadknownbeforehandthatyouwouldbringsomanyfriendshome,Iwouldhavemadebetterpreparations.Yousee,Ihavebarelyenoughfoodanddrinksforasnack.5>Peoplegavegenerouslyuponlearningthatnewschoolroomswithstrongerstructuresweretobebuiltintheearthquake-strickenarea.2.Wellbegun,halfdone,asthesayinggoes.Itisextremelyimportantforajobapplicanttodohishomeworkwhileseekingemployment.Frommystandpoint,whetherornotonehasdonehishomeworkclearlymakesadifferencesinhischanceofsuccess.Ihaveafriendwhoisearningsomewhereintheneighborhoodof100,000dollarsayearsinalargecomputersoftwarecompany.Hetoldmethatfromhisownexperiencethedecisionmakerswhointerviewprospectiveemployeeslikepeoplewhoarewellprepared.Thosewhomakenoendeavortolearnasmuchabouthisprospectiveemployeraspossibledon'thavemuchofachanceofsuccess.TextAPartsParagraphsMainIdeasPartOneParas1-3IntroductiontoDavosManandtheWorldEconomicForumPartTwoParas4-5DebateovertheimpactofglobalizationoncurrentsocietyandcultureParas6-8HistoryofglobalizationanditsrecenttrendsandfutureprospectsParas.9-112.MainEventsDavosmanspendsalotoftimeinplacesotherthanhisnativecountry.DavosManseestheiridentityasamaterofpersonalchoice,notanaccidentofbirth.DavosManbelievesthatglobalization,theunimpededflowsofcapital,laborandtechnologyacrossnationalborders,isbothwelcomeandunstoppable.DavosManseestheworldincreasinglyasonevast,interconnectedmarket-placeinwhichcorporationssearchforthemostadvantageouslocationstobuy,produceandselltheirgoodsandservices..VocabularyI.1>advantageous 2>letalone 3>witnessing/vanishing4>landmark5>entitled6>displace7>Establishment8>patriotic/strengthen9>contradictions10>aspires11>divorced12>pendulums 1>cometo2>dozedoff3>believedin4>wassetapart5>takein 6>sucksin7>cleanup 8>turnaway1>Forme,itmakesno/littledifferencewhetherwegotherebytrainorbybus.2>ToyatahasovertakenGeneralMotorsastheworld’sbiggestcarmaker.3>Shortlyaftertheirmarriage,Mr.Chamberswasatoddswithhiswifeovermoneymatters.4>Henryhasbeenattheforefrontofnanotechnologyresearch.5>Shedoesn’tevenknowhowtoboilpotatoes,letalonecookameal.a>isincreasingly/toaccelerate/theirinvestmentb>economy/makeanearnest/domestic/strikeabalancebetweenc>ahandfulof/beendorsedby/onalargescaleII. WordFormationIII.UsageComprehensiveExercisesI.Cloze2.networking6.facilitate10.patriotic12.strikeabalance1.academics3.avarietyof5.vanish7.endorsing9.sweepingaside<B>1.aided2.effects3.distances4.connected5.invested7.prevailing8.qualitatively9.volume. 3>Unlikehergirlfriendswhocentertheirlivesontheirchildren,Marycaresmoreaboutherpersonalgrowth. 4>Whyisitthataconsiderablenumberofcolleaguesareatoddswithyou? 5>TheChinesegovernmenthasintroducedavarietyofpoliciestostrengthencooperationwithdevelopingcountries.2．GlobalizationhasgreatimplicationsforyoungChinese.Forexample,youngfarmersaremovingonalargescaletourbanareastolookforjobs.Andforthoseyoungpeoplewhoaspiretostudyabroadorworkinforeign-investedenterprises,Englishhasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Atthesametime,aconsiderablenumberofoverseasChinesestudentshavereturnedhomeinrecentyears,fortheyholdanoptimisticoutlookforthelong-termgrowthoftheChineseeconomy.TheinternethasstrengthenedthelinksbetweenChineseyoungpeopleandthoseelsewhere.Theyfollowthelatesttrendandcopyforeignfashions.Someofthemdon’tseemtocarefortraditionalChinesevirtues,letalonecarrythemforward,whichhasgivenrisetoworriesthatthetraditionalChineseculturemightonedayvanish.PartsParagraphsMainIdeasPartOneParas1Itisnoeasytojudgepeople,fortheyaren’talwayswhattheyappeartobePartTwoParas2-3Kindandgentle,EdwardBurton,awealthymerchant,appearedasifhecouldnotbeartohurtafly.Paras4-51HistoryofglobalizationanditsrecenttrendsandfutureprospectssectionsParagraphsMainIdeassectionOneParas4-16WhatEdwardknewaboutLennysectionTwoParas17-31HowEdwardrespondedtoLenny’srequestParas32-51HowEdward,a"kind"gentleman,handledafriendindesperateneedofhelpVocabularyI1>Inaway2>inaccordance3>vacancy4>ingoodcondition5>transparent6>rub7>spicy8>hitherto9>with<a>badgrace10>instinct11>pawned12>current2.1>turnedup2>willstickto3>broughtback4>goabout5>drivingat6>putaway7>over8>tookaback3.1>hasaveryweakconstitutionshemaynotbeabletosurvivetheoperation.2>wastakenabackbytheinsurancecompany’srejectionofmycompensationclaim3>wassomethingofasurprisewhenweranintoeachotherinaplacelikethat.4>needstrimming/tobetrimmedit’sgettingtoolong.5>areoftenseceptive4.1>Oddlyenough/wentbroke/wrinkled/hehadgonealltopieces2>definite/iscapableof/hervanity3>toomild/sipping/strokeII.Usage1.Exceptfor2.exceptthat3.except4.exceptwhen5.exceptto6.exceptwhat7.exceptwhere8.exceptthatIII.vocabularyspellingAmEBrEAmEBrEapartmentflatfavorablefavourablecantinparalyzeparalysecandysweetslaborlabourelevatorliftmetermetrefacultystaff<ofauniversity>catalogcataloguefirstfloorgroundfloorlevelinglevellinggas,gasolinepetroltheatertheatremailpostdefensedefencerailroadrailwayplowploughpantstrousersprogramprogrammesubwaytube,undergroundpractice<v.>practisecornmaizecharacterizecharacterisestoreshoptiretyre<onacar>ComprehensiveexercisesCloze1.1>.insane2>.current3>.candid4>.capable5>.wastakenaback6>.ingoodcondition7>.constitution8.goalltopieces9.Gonebroke10.vacancy11.mild12.deceptive2.1.suspected2.pleading3.confirmed4stunned5lucrative6>.jewellery7>.wealthy8>.urge9>.spell10>.arrestedTranslation1.IhaveaninstinctthatHenrywillseektojointheexpedition,becauseheissomethingofanadventurer.Heiscapableofstickingtothetaskathand,evenifheisexposedtonoises.Thetrademarkwasregisteredinaccordancewiththelawshithertoinforce.Oddlyenough,manypeoplevolunteeredtohelporganizethemeeting,butonlyafewturnedup.Theteacher’saffectionatewords,alongwithhiscandidcomments,changedthewayMikeperceivedthesocietyandhimself.2.Formyownpart,Ifindthatappearancesarealltoooftendeceptive.Forinstance,youmightbewrongifyoujudgedbyappearancesonlypeoplelikeEdwardHydeBurton.Inappearance,heseemedamanallofapiece.Hewasatinylittlefellowwithwhitehairandmildblueeyes,gentleandcandid.Nevertheless,heturnedouttobeverycruel.HeinsultedandfooledLennywhowasdownandoutandmadehimcommithimselftoaninsaneventure.WhatwasstillmoresurprisingwasthathewascompletelyindifferenttoLenny’sdeath.Withoutdoubt,Burtonwasamanwithaheartofstone.KeytoUnit6,Book4"ThePaceofLife"Vocabulary11>appliances 2>comparative 3>multiply 4>distribution5>prosperity 6>decorate 7>famine 8>largequantitiesof/alargequantityof9>streamline 10>fax 11>pointedthewayto 12>bewilderedVocabulary21>eatinto 2>clingto3>standout/stoodout 4>wearsaway5>setabout 6>switchoff7>willbeturnedloose 8>pouredinVocabulary3isforecasttobebelowaveragenextyear,whichatthemomentis4percent.toenterthebuildingandfindthebabygirlprovedfutileasrescuersweredrivenoutbytheheatandflames.wasurgedtodivertsomeofitsattentionfromexpandingproductionandgetmoreinvolvedwithissuesofmarketdemand.canreallyeatheavilyintoyourprofitswhenyouaresellingsuitsat￡900anddressesat￡2,000.hastoiledendlesslyovertheexercisemachineforthelasttwentyyearsinordertokeepherbodyinshape.Vocabulary4reactionto;discontent;provokedconvention;evadingtax;theconfinesofaburden;arealwaysonthego/seemforeveronthego;tocopeII.ConfusableWords1.1>nervousness2>tension3>stress;stress4>tension2.1>honorary2>Honorable3>honorable4>honorary5>honorable6>HonoraryIII.UsageDealingwiththeextinctioncrisisisnosimplematter.Isitsensible,wemayask,tospendlargesumsofmoneytosavesomespecies–beitanelephantoranorchid–inanationinwhichalargeproportionofthepopulationislivingbelowthepovertyline?Thisnewtechnologycouldbeusedanywherelargenumbersofpeopleneedtobequicklyscreenedatairports,trainstations,busterminalsorbordercrossings.However,expertssuspect,thereisalsotheriskthatpeoplewilllearntofoolthemachinethesamewaytheytrytofoolpolygraphreadingsbycontrollingtheirbreathortakingdrugstorelaxthemselves.Withahighpercentageofmarriagesendingindivorce,oftenduetofinancialdifficulties,youwouldsaythatmoneyisabigfactorinmakingagoodmarriage.But,believeitornot,itisn’tmoneythatensuresyouahappymarriage;itisyourphilosophyoflifethatdoes.NotalltherisksontheInternetaresexual,youknow.Sitespromotingviolencearejustaclickaway,andmayincludeinstructionsformakingbombsandotherdestructivedevices.Cloze<Text-related>1>switchoff 2>obliged 3>onthego 4>cope5>shortage 6>largequantityof 7>pouringin 8>bynature9>fraction 10>futile Cloze<Theme-related>1>advantage 2>wisely 3>faithfully4>waking 5>includes 6>schedule7>sticking 8>priorities 9>set10>respect TranslationTheyareexploringthenewfrontiersofmedicalscienceinanattempttofindremediesforincurablediseases/curesfordiseasesthatarebeyondremedysofar.Heruniqueteachingmethodsapart,MsWilson,mymathteacher,nevertriedtocramknowledgeintomyhead.TheregularweatherforecastbytheCentralTVStationkeepsusupwiththechangesofweatherwhereverwegoonatrip.Theappallingexplosionstartedabigfireandcausedthepartialcollapseofthebuilding.Inthemodernworld,therearemorewaysthanevertowasteawaytime,andallkindsofdistractionsareeatingintoourprecioustime.Todayweareunderconstantpressuretoworklongerhours,toproducemore,andtopossessmore.Lotsofpeopleholdthewrongperceptionthathappinessliesinworkinghardandearningwell/goodmoney.Manywomentodayfeelthesamestresstoworkandgetaheadand,atthesametime,tonurturetheiroffspringandshouldertheburdenofdomesticresponsibilities.Researchshowsthatworkaholismtendstodistanceusfromourimmediatefamilies.Itforcesustotoillongerandlongerhours,leavingaminutefractionofourtimetobephysicallyandemotionallyavailabletoourlovedones.Intimacyamongfamilymembersisdoomedtodieintheprocess.Unit7TextAVocabulary:I1>1.divined 2.nerves 3.solidarity 4.sacred;mourn 5.coated6.perish 7.hijack 8.