2023年高考英語完形填空解題技巧-新高考專用-

2023年高考英語完型填空高分技巧（新高考專用.原卷版）目錄TOC\o"1-3"\h\u一、解題核心思維： 2二、單詞不認識怎么辦？ 31、文中單詞不認識 32、題干上的單詞不認識 3訓(xùn)練兩個習(xí)慣 4三、詞性解題法 41、動詞題 42、名詞題 63、形容詞、副詞 84、連詞題 95、短語題 13四、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)解題法 151、文章U型結(jié)構(gòu)解題 152、分段首句出題 163、議論文和說明文（首段為文章中心） 164、記敘文：花朵文（傳播主旋律、價值觀、正能量） 17五、特殊句型解題法 23①主系表結(jié)構(gòu)解名詞和形容詞題 23②賓補解形容詞題 24③被動句解動詞題 24六、答案檢查大法 241、答案均分規(guī)律 242、答案相連概率 255、反義選項二選一 25七、高考真題 261.2023年2月四省聯(lián)考 262.2023年1月浙江卷 273.2022年新高考1卷 294.2022年新高考2卷 305.【2021年6月新高考1卷】 316.【2020·山東卷】 32解題核心思維：每一個問題都是有根據(jù)的【解答步驟】①要求學(xué)生閱讀并翻譯每一句話，并在空白處找出答案；②不存在題目的全句，必然與題目有關(guān)；③完形填空法的解答受到“滯后原則”的制約，選擇簡單的，可以先填寫，無法確定的，可以將其擱置一旁，只有看完最后的重點，才有可能解決問題?。ㄒ簿褪钦f，所有的問題，都有一個共同的答案：反之亦然；最有可能的是，在解決問題之前，先把題目放在一邊。）【解題原理】倪萍邏輯今年的春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會突出了的主題喜慶B.團圓C.團聚D.聯(lián)歡【消除解惑】為什么選A不選B？因為A有線索和依據(jù)，而B沒有因為A的線索和依據(jù)比B多【解題思維訓(xùn)練】使用箭頭標記法【例句1】江蘇卷Failingtofindanyotherwayout,theydecidedtomakeajourney,theycaughtsightofanoldhiker's(徒步旅行者)guide.A.busB.walkingC.railD.business【例句2】2015安徽卷Thankstomodernmanufacturing（制造業(yè)）andtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland

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.A.safeB.funnyC.cheapD.powerful【例3】2014重慶卷InAsia,onealsobecautiousaboutexpressingemotions.GettingangryinSoutheastAsiajustmakesyoulooksilly.Insomecountriesitis_35_tokissinpublic.A.naturalB.advisableC.unwiseD.unnecessary單詞不認識怎么辦？1、文中單詞不認識①動詞不認識：翻譯成“搞、整、弄、干”②名詞不認識：翻譯成“東西”③形容詞、副詞不認識：直接劃掉（這3個必須認識，否定詞hardly/rarely/sedom幾乎不）題干上的單詞不認識①一個單詞不認識，三個單詞認識：先從三個單詞中選擇，如果百分百確定不是這三個單詞，就用排除法：選擇那個不認識的單詞。②兩個單詞不認識，兩個單詞認識：原理同上。訓(xùn)練兩個習(xí)慣習(xí)慣一、如果不會做，就要憋住。完型填空的答案受“滯后原則”的影響，簡單的答案，可以先填，拿不準可以先放下，看到后面關(guān)鍵信息，可能才能解題！習(xí)慣二、圈圈法：任何一個題目必有依據(jù)。（使用箭頭標記法）每一句都必須讀，都必須翻譯，解題點在沒有劃線的句子里。詞性解題法動詞題方法總述方法一：看主語，看并列，看搭配方法二動詞題方法總述方法一：看主語，看并列，看搭配方法二：前后呼應(yīng)方法一看主語：看主語是人or物，此主語能不能發(fā)出這個動作？看賓語：賓語是人or物，賓語能不能承受這個動作（難點：賓語從句，可以看翻譯，也可以看時態(tài)）（3）看搭配：看需要及物動詞還是不及物動詞，判斷的依據(jù)是橫線后有沒有介詞?！纠?】全國1卷I______(16)twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.A.matchB.imagineC.countD.add【例2】全國1卷However,Isoon

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thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof

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amongtonsofrubbish.discoverB.argueC.decideD.advocate【例3】全國2卷Eachday,27kids“TheThinkingLaboratory.”builtB.enteredC.decoratedD.ran方法二：前后呼應(yīng)：如果前面的方法都不能解題，就用“前后呼應(yīng)”解題?！纠?】重慶卷InsomeMiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshis33,especiallyifyouareawoman.Soleaveyourtomjeansathome.A.forbiddenB.allowedC.expectedD.tolerated【例5】浙江卷WhenIgotintocollege,things__40__.Isuddenlyfoundmyselfoutofclassbeforenoontime.Becauseofall40.A.happened B.repeated C.changed D.mattered難點1：雙主語和雙賓語【例6】山東卷Excitementandfamilymembers__1__thehall.A.filledB.visitedC.decoratedD.attended【例7】北京卷NotonlywasIstrongerandmorecompetentthanIhadthought,butIalso

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astronginterestandaworldIhadn'tknownexisted.A.developedB.discoveredC.tookD.fostered難點2：過程和結(jié)果的區(qū)別manage和其它詞（如tryattempt）persuade和其它詞（如advisesuggestdemand）find和其它詞（seeksearchlookfor）【例8】新課標二Joe__33_____intoalargecrevasse（裂縫）intheicebelow.Hehadnofoodorwaterandhewasinterriblepain.Threedayslater,inthemiddleofthenight,heheardJoe’svoice.Joewasthere,afewmetersfromtheirtent,stillalive.A.managedB.plannedC.waitedD.hoped【例9】安徽卷ArrivingintheSunshineStatewasrathertiring,butI38tocatchataxitomyaccommodationandsettlein.AintendedB.promisedC.managedD.deserved【例10】福建卷Whenheretiredthreeyearsago,he__46__hischurchmusicdirectortotakehimasastudentForamomentaftermyfathersatdownatthekeyboard,...46．A.allowed B．invited C．inspired D．persuaded【例11】江蘇卷Shechangedmanythings.She

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myfathertogotoadentalschool,fromwhichhegraduatedwithhonors.A.beggedB.persuadedC.orderedD.invited名詞題方法總述方法一：前后呼應(yīng)（90%）名詞題方法總述方法一：前后呼應(yīng)（90%）方法二：修飾成分（10%）做名詞題的優(yōu)先級：先看修飾成分；再看前后呼應(yīng)。方法一、前后呼應(yīng)（90%）①文中看到theapple，呼應(yīng)點在前面。（根據(jù)a和the的呼應(yīng)關(guān)系）②橫線的前面，即名詞前沒有a，也沒有the，呼應(yīng)點可以前，可以后。【例1】全國1卷ThisviewisespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas(13)gothroughfiveecosystems（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）inthespaceofafewkilometers.A.scientistsB.climbersC.localsD.officials【例2】山東卷Therewasapetstoreandtheownerhadaparrot.Onedaya1walkedinandtheparrotsaidtotheman,“Heyyou!”Themansaid,“What!?”Theparrotsaid,“Yourwifeisreallyugly.”A.groupB.teamC.coupleD.crowd【例3】天津卷Ilearnedthislessonfroma(n)__17__manyyearsago.ItooktheheadcoachingjobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasasmallschoolwithaweakfootballprogram.A.experiment B.experience C.visit D.show【例4】全國2卷In1973,Iwasteachingelementaryschool.Eachday,27kidsentered“TheThinkingLaboratory.”Thatwasthe42studentsvotedforafterdecidingthat“Room104”wastoodull.A.name B.ruleC.brandD.plan方法二、修飾成分（相關(guān)成分）10%（+介詞短語）（+todo/doing/done）（+定語從句）【例5】全國3卷Theposthassincegainedthe__60__ofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.A.sympathy B.attention C.control D.trust【例6】全國1卷...theabsolutemostimportant56thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegooddecisions.Afact Bstep Cmanner Dskill3、形容詞、副詞形副方法總述形副方法總述方法一：感情色彩一致性方法二：前后呼應(yīng)做形容詞副詞題的優(yōu)先級：先掃一眼選項，有正負的話，就不要先帶入，先判斷感情色彩的正負。如果感情色彩一致，就用方法二。方法一：感情色彩一致性。①上下文色彩②中心色彩③連詞色彩變化方法二：前后呼應(yīng)法【例1】全國1卷Hearingthesestories,I'm

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abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas"purer"naturalexperiences.A.silentB.skepticalC.seriousD.crazy【例2】新課標theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.Theytoldhertostay52untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived,...andsheshouldnotmove...A.quietB.stillC.awayD.calm【例3】天津卷Itwasatraditionfortheschool’soldteamtoplayagainstthe__19__teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn’tevenpracticetoprepareforthegame.19.A.successful B.excellent C.strong D.new注意：感情色彩的方法同樣適用于某些特殊的名詞題，這些名詞通常由形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來。如happiness，sadness，excitement等。【例4】全國三卷Inher__48__,shedidn’tseemtorealizethatshewassharingthebaby’sphotoswithacompletestranger.A.opinion B.anxiety C.excitement D.effort4、連詞題（1）兩種考法：①考察連詞（填連詞）。第1步：翻譯上句，翻譯下句。第2步：判斷上下句一致or相反。（思考順序：轉(zhuǎn)折和遞進，→因果，→并列）②文章中給連詞。（可用該連詞題來解動詞，名詞等）第1步：判斷連詞的一致性或相反性。第2步：在相應(yīng)的關(guān)系下，進行選擇。（2）連詞的兩種關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系althoughthougheventhoughevenifwhilebutyethoweverwhereas——但是still仍然as錢包丟了，但是我很高興=錢包丟了，我still很高興。unless（除非）你考不上大學(xué)，除非你好好學(xué)習(xí)。祈使句+or(（否則））好好學(xué)習(xí)，or你考不上大學(xué)，時間先后提示邏輯上的相反關(guān)系beforeafter不好好學(xué)習(xí)，我考上了好大學(xué)。你不能從圖書館借書，你有圖書卡。（unless，after）ratherthan（而不是）我們喜歡好學(xué)生，壞學(xué)生。adj.adv.ing/ed+as+主語+系動詞（Youngasheis...雖然他很年輕）最容易錯誤的幾個關(guān)系。1、instead：一致關(guān)系上下句含有反義詞的一致關(guān)系。趙老師沒有放棄，趙老師更加努力。infact事實上：一致or相反趙老師沒有放棄，趙老師更加努力。（一致）趙老師很難看，他沒有那么難看。（相反）關(guān)于and與butAandB①and連接句子，是一致關(guān)系，著重考慮兩個動詞的順序感。②and前后是單詞或短語，可以是一致，也可以是相反（同義、近義和反義詞）【舉例】探討一下手機的利and弊，/得and失but前后一定相反關(guān)系。但是需要填的詞，可能是可能是同義，可能是反義。原句：小王養(yǎng)金魚，但是（but）小李不養(yǎng)金魚。題1：小王養(yǎng)金魚，但是（but）小李。（填入的“不養(yǎng)金魚”和“養(yǎng)金魚”相反）題2：小王養(yǎng)金魚，但是（but）不養(yǎng)金魚。（填入的“小李”和“小王”相近）【例1】北京卷Shehadanunpleasantvoiceandadirectwayofspeaking,

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shewasencouragingandinspiring.A.andB.yetC.soD.for【例2】全國卷Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.58,iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhavecausedustolearnless.A.Lastly

B.Thus

C.Instead

D.However【例3】遼寧卷ThenItoldheraboutthebusinessmeeting.__47__，myexplanationseemedtomakethingsworse，whichstartedtodrivememadaswell.A.However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Otherwise【例4】新課標Ithoughttomyself,howevenwithoutanarmhewasmoreofaleader.Damagedbutnotdefeated,hewas38aheadofme.A.stillB.alsoC.yetD.just【例5】全國三卷Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay＂sorry,wrongnumber!＂andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilliams__42__atextthatclearlywasn’tintendedforhim,hedidsomething__43__.42.A.received B.translated C.copied D.printed【例6】天津卷NowImaystillnotbethemost

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,socialperson,butI'vebecomebetteratoralpresentations.I

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readmypoetryoutloudatareadingclub.A.seriousB.outgoingC.nervousD.hardworking【例7】全國一Yetinsteadofbeingdiscouragedbymy54progress,Iwasexcited.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious【例8】天津卷Thatsummer,Whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheirvacations,wemeteverydayand__28__passingandkickingthefootball.28.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced【例9】天津卷Ifeltthatitwouldbea__31__forusevenifwelostthegame.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor【例10】北京卷SometimesI’dget45andtakeashotatthewrongdirection—whichmademefeelreallystupid.A.committedB.motivated C.embarrassed D.confused5、短語題（1）短語題的定義【形式】核心理解：動詞+介詞/副詞短語題定義：不等于兩部分的簡單疊加，一定要發(fā)生變化。【注意】介詞/副詞在動詞短語中表示“方向或關(guān)系”。高效率的背詞組，按介詞和副詞來背。gotocutdown不是短語題中的短語，cutup是短語，因為cutup（切碎）≠cut+up（2）解題步驟第1步：翻譯空格前后的內(nèi)容，猜測此處的最佳漢語意思。（窮盡原則）第2步：看各個選項中的介詞or副詞，看哪個副詞or介詞能夠反映最佳漢語意思。（最起碼要做到不矛盾，排除干擾選項1-2）第3步：看選項中的動詞，看哪個動詞能夠反映最佳漢語意思。（3）必備知識：各個介詞的含義（8個）帶ON詞組：持續(xù)，繼續(xù)，在某方面，關(guān)于，接觸。geton(getoff)puton(putoff)帶OFF分離，結(jié)束，開始setoff（開始動手）為什么結(jié)束和開始，哲學(xué)的角度：一件事情的結(jié)束，就是另外一件事情的開始。帶OUT向外，超越，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)，出來，開始UP向上，到達，出現(xiàn)Over結(jié)束，超越；貫穿和經(jīng)歷for支持；為了；持續(xù)to/toward到達；相對against反對；相對，對應(yīng)updownonoffforagaistattooverout【例1】全國1卷IideaoftheclassAputforwardBjumpatCtriedoutDturndown第1步：我產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)，提出，蹦出，涌現(xiàn)出一個想法第2步：看副詞和介詞：ABC可以。第3步：看動詞：B選項【例2】北京卷Atthestatecompetition,Loladidn‘tfall__47__thebeam（平衡木）.Infact,shegotan8.1outof10———herhighestscoreyet.to B．onC．off D．a(chǎn)gainst【例3】江蘇卷RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.Theirsavingshadbeen36topaylawyers’fees.A.drawnup B.usedup C.backedup D.keptup【例4】天津卷Kateheardaman'svoiceinthebackground,butshecouldn't

whathewassaying.A.setasideB.takebackC.makeoutD.keepoff如果僅僅憑借動詞就可以做出來的題目，就認為是動詞題，不作為動詞短語題來解答【例5】天津卷Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn’tevenpracticeto__20__thegame.A.cheerfor B.preparefor C.helpwith D.finishwith篇章結(jié)構(gòu)解題法1、文章U型結(jié)構(gòu)解題記敘文：兩種類型——U型，直線型U型：首段提出問題中間經(jīng)過困難和挫折最后皆大歡喜或者有教育意義全國二卷（中間段）Gettingalittle（closer）,Irealizedonekayak（皮劃艇）wasin__47__.＂Something’snot__48__!＂47.A.trouble B.advance C.question D.battle48.A.real B.right C.fair D.fit天津卷（最后一段）Ayearlater,I

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mygoal:Ilost150poundsandraised$50,000!IfeelthatI'vebeengivenasecondlifetodevotetosomethingthatis

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andenormous.19.A.set B.reached C.missed D.dropped20.A.stressfulB.painful C.meaningfulD.peaceful分段首句出題分段首句出題，除了采用詞性解題法外，還有一種選擇可以采用總分對照法，即整段其他題目做完后，再總結(jié)?！纠?】全國1Thefollowingterm,I56anASLclass.Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwasprohibited.Isoonrealizedthatthesilencewasnotunpleasant.Instead,iftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhavecausedustolearnless.Now,Iappreciatethesilenceandthenewwayofcommunicationitopens.56.A.missed B.passed C.gaveup D.registeredfor議論文和說明文（首段為文章中心）解此類文章的三個技巧：①文章首段首句一般不出題（文章中心）。*如果出題，也是后半句：如果不是中心，會有一個but，根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系可以推出。②分段首句出題：①總分對照（看首首+看后面）；②看后文。③任何一題不會做，回過頭來看首句。記敘文：花朵文（傳播主旋律、價值觀、正能量）1.跳讀首尾句進行預(yù)測一般來講，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳讀這兩句，便可判斷體裁，猜想它要講什么。若首句交代了when,where,who,what，即四個W，那么就是記敘文，很可能就是一個故事;若首句是提出或解釋說明某事物，一般來說是說明文;若首句提出一個論點，那么就是議論文。 首句往往開宗明義，是文章的主題。細讀首句可啟示全文。而尾句又往往是對文章主題的總結(jié)。所以，它們是了解文章大意的一個窗口，對我們理解全文有著重要的啟示作用。 本文主要講述的是蘇格蘭第一位女打擊樂器獨奏演員EvelynGlennie在耳聾的情況下成功學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)首句給出的信息，下面我們可以猜想EvelynGlennie學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器過程必然充滿困難，而能夠在耳聾的情況下學(xué)習(xí)打擊樂器，EvelynGlennie對音樂肯定也是充滿熱情的。2.利用語法分析解題完形填空雖然以語境填空為主，但也有部分考查語法項目的題目。對于這類題，考生可以利用平時所學(xué)的詞匯知識，分析單詞(組)的使用范圍、動詞的及物和不及物，并利用句子結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點等知識全面衡量所有選項排除干擾。如：___8___Ihadbeenborninthe16thcentury,Iwouldhavehadnojob.A.BecauseB.WhileC.IfD.Since3.利用固定搭配解題完形填空題中對詞匯知識的考查，主要體現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣用法和同義詞、近義詞的辨析兩方面。習(xí)慣用法是英語中某種固定的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)，即所謂的“習(xí)語”，不能隨意改動。所以，考生平時應(yīng)掌握好習(xí)慣用法。對詞義辨析題的考查有加大力度的趨勢。要做好這類題，需要有較大的詞匯量和詞語搭配能力、詞語辨析能力，特別是在特定的語境中能靈活運用的能力。如：Theycouldn’treadorwrite.Theydidn’tliketoworkandtheynever___12___baths.A.tookB.washedC.ranD.covered4.利用固定句型解題完形填空雖然注重考查語境理解，但同時也會考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好這些句型，對確定題目的答案很有幫助。如：Itwasn’tlong___18___thepolicecaughtthethief.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.until5.利用復(fù)現(xiàn)信息解題語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞和反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、上義詞和下義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和代詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。語篇中有詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，如與語篇話題相關(guān)、意義相關(guān)的詞匯同時出現(xiàn)，結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)，同義同現(xiàn)，修飾同現(xiàn)，因果同現(xiàn)等。因此，利用上下文尋找解題信息，確定正確答案。如：Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Buttomysurprise,theroomwasn’temptyatall.Ithadfurniture,curtains,aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewall.Andthenonthewell-madebedsatAmy,mynew___44___,dressedneatly.A.roommateB.classmateC.neighborD.companion6.利用跳讀法解題一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中總有一些空是相對簡單的。對于這類空格考生可以先將其確定下來，之后再逐個去突破其他空。跳過那些不太容易得出答案的題。切忌做題時循規(guī)蹈矩地一個順著一個地去完成。如： “Visitors!”repeatedJosh,wide-awakeatonce.He___1___upandlookedaround.Ashortdistanceaway,agroupof___2___stoodquietlywatchingus.Oneofthem___3___walkingtowardus.Webothjumpedtoour___4___notknowingwhattoexpect.1.A.satB.stayedC.thoughtD.put2.A.pilotsB.nativesC.editorsD.assistants3.A.avoidedB.delayedC.beganD.desired4.A.boatB.carC.horsesD.feet7.巧用排除法解題在有些情況下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道題的答案，可以把排除法和詞匯、語法分析結(jié)合起來運用，縮小選擇的范圍，提高正確率。如：Thewomanlookedcarefullyatme___5___throughherglasses,andthenquestionedmeinalowvoice.A.asusualB.forawhileC.inaminuteD.onceagain8.利用邏輯關(guān)系解題嘗試從邏輯關(guān)系的高度整體上把握，就會不無驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系才是征服完形填空的最佳途徑。所謂邏輯關(guān)系并不縹緲，它就隱藏在句子中、句與句之間以及段落與段落的銜接中。通過邏輯關(guān)系的方法，我們可以通過確切、具體的線索，把答案的邏輯意義推測出來，從而在答案中尋找表現(xiàn)了相同邏輯意義的選項。這樣做，使得題目的難度大大降低。(1)句中邏輯關(guān)系Vitaminsaresimilarbecausetheyaremadeofthesameelements—usuallycarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and___45___nitrogen.Theyaredifferentinthattheirelementsarearrangeddifferently,andeachvitaminperformsoneormorespecificfunctionsinthebody.A.mostlyB.partlyC.sometimesD.rarely(2)句間邏輯關(guān)系 在此，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂邏輯關(guān)系并不抽象，它往往通過轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、遞進、因果等明確的邏輯關(guān)系詞來體現(xiàn)。當(dāng)然，句子的邏輯關(guān)系也不一定體現(xiàn)在一句話的內(nèi)部，它還可以滲透到篇章的層面上，在句與句之間表現(xiàn)出來。如：MsClevelanddoesnotkeepherworkersonashortleash.___13___,sheencouragesthemtoget___14___waystodobusiness.A.StillB.YetC.InsteadD.While(3)段間邏輯關(guān)系 這種邏輯關(guān)系主要體現(xiàn)在段落之間的銜接上。如：Noteveryoneseesthatprocessinperspective.Itisimportanttodoso.Itisgenerallyrecognized,___29___,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,followedbytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,althoughitsimpactinthemediawasnotimmediatelyapparent.A.indeedB.henceC.howeverD.therefore9.巧用背景常識解題在回答完型填空問題的時候，有些時候，文章給出的信息是不充分的，還要綜合考慮讀者大腦中所存儲的知識，最終得出與常理相一致的最優(yōu)答案。所以，考生的知識范圍越大，就會更容易理解文章，從總體上了解所選短文在說些什么，這樣就能更好地完成局部上的每一個空。所以，在做完型填空題目時，英語的基礎(chǔ)知識以及對世界的了解，就顯得尤為重要。當(dāng)對語言的把握不很準確時，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常識，巧妙地加以運用，先找出并理解文章主題和主線，并根據(jù)主題猜測細節(jié)，注意從重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語中尋找、體會文章表達的氛圍。這樣將會大大簡化復(fù)雜的分析與判斷過程，節(jié)省寶貴的時間，順利地沿作者的思路閱讀下去。如：After___2___theBritishflagatthePole,theytookaphotographofthemselvesbeforetheystartedthe950-milejourneyback.A.growingB.puttingC.plantingD.laying10.利用對比結(jié)構(gòu)解題對比結(jié)構(gòu)常把兩種對立的事物或同一事物的兩個不同方面并列出來加以比較或?qū)Ρ?。高考完形填空題常常利用句子之間的對比關(guān)系或者同一個句子的不同部分之間的對比關(guān)系設(shè)計題目。如：Apupilwhocandohishomeworkinaquietand___59___roomisinamuchbetterpositionthanapupilwhodoeshishomeworkinasmall,noisyroomwiththetelevisionon.A.furnishedB.expensiveC.comfortableD.suitable11.利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)解題平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似，意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)，語法一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。這些結(jié)構(gòu)的形式整齊勻稱，內(nèi)容聯(lián)系緊密。 命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其表現(xiàn)意義的關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ冗@一特點來設(shè)空。高考完形填空短文常常會出現(xiàn)這樣一些平行結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握這些結(jié)構(gòu)極為相似的句子可大大提高我們的解題效率。如：Companieswithlowaccidentratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,andcontinueworkingtokeepthem___42___andactive.A.aliveB.vividC.mobileD.diverse12.利用暗示和對應(yīng)解題完形填空題中雖然也穿插了對語法、短語和單詞的辨析、句子結(jié)構(gòu)的考查等，但對文章故事情節(jié)發(fā)展線索的邏輯考查仍是重點。暗示與上下對應(yīng)的思維方法，是突破此類完形填空最關(guān)鍵的思維方式。 考生在做題時要有全局觀念，進行連貫性思維，做題時要把每個空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來理解，進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。難選之處前后通常多有暗示，這種暗示多為后面暗示前面。如：...hewouldjoinstudentgroupstodiscussavarietyof___47___:agriculture,divingandmathematics.A.questionsB.subjectsC.mattersD.contents13.根據(jù)文章的感情色彩解題考生在第一遍通讀時，應(yīng)在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基礎(chǔ)上，著重尋找反映語境褒貶性的標志性詞匯或句子，這些標志性詞匯或句子往往對文章的語境褒貶性起著決定性的作用。如：IwassosurprisedthatIwas___47___(speechless).Mycousinmusthavemadeanefforttogethimselfintoshape.___48___(Asaresult),atthepointinourgamewhenI’dhavepredictedthescoretobeabout9to1inmyfavor,itwas___49___(instead)7to9andEdwas50(leading).14.綜合利用各種線索解題完形填空題主要考查短文閱讀理解的能力。因此考生必須閱讀全文，弄清句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，準確理解全文。為了答好題，考生必須從字里行間尋找能夠利用的線索。如書寫和形態(tài)變化線索(graphicandmorphologicalclues)、詞匯線索(lexicalclues)、句法線索(syntacticalclues)、社會文化線索(socio-culturalclues)，并根據(jù)有關(guān)的線索進行猜測，作出合理的判斷。如：Andtheclerkconfirmedthathisplanewasleavingatnineo’clockthreedaysfromthatday…Sincehewas___44___inthreedays,Andydidn’tloseanytime.A.movingB.returningC.stayingD.leaving舉例：(10·廣東)Everycountryhasitsownculture.Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors..Doorsmanyhave21functionsandpurposeswhichleadto22differences.WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticedthatapublicbuildinghadtwodifferent23andtheyhaddistiFnctfunctions.Youhavetopushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”to24thebuilding.Thiswasnewtome,becauseweusethe25doorinsouthKorea.ForquiteafewtimesIfailedtogooutofashoppingcentreandwasembarrassed.Thewayofusingschoolbusdoorswasalso26tome.Iusedtotaketheschoolbustoclasses.Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoors,27whoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgeton28.InsouthKorea,wedonotneedtowaitforpeopletogetoff.Onemorning,Ihurriedtothebus,andwhenthebusdoorsopened,I29_triedtogetontheschoolbusthroughthefrontdoor.Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme,Iwastotally30,andmyfacewentred.21.A.differentB.importantC.practicalD.unusual22.A.nationalB.embarrassingC.culturalD.amazing23.A.exitsB.entrancesC.signsD.doors24.A.enterB.leaveC.openD.close25.A.mainB.sameC.frontD.back26.A.annoyingB.hardC.satisfyingD.strange27.A.parentsB.studentsC.teachersD.drivers28.A.soonerB.laterC.fasterD.earlier29.A.politelyB.patientlyC.unconsciouslyD.slowly30.A.embarrassedB.annoyedC.unsatisfiedD.excited特殊句型解題法①主系表結(jié)構(gòu)解名詞和形容詞題主系表中，表語如果是n.主語和表語是等同關(guān)系。Sheisanurse.如果是adj，考察修飾關(guān)系。Theboxisuseful.theusefulbox【例1】全國三卷Whata__58__thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewassosweetandkindtodothis.A.pity B.blessing C.relief D.problem②賓補解形容詞題賓語補足語中的adj.(看賓語和此adj之間的修飾關(guān)系)【例1】全國一卷Inhisintroduction,hemadeit

9

thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.A.real B.perfectC.clear D.possible2019江蘇卷She

refused

tolivewithmalecranes,andevenhada

.reputation

forkillingsomeofthem,whichmadeit

10

forhertobecomeamother.10.A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible③被動句解動詞題【例1】全國3卷Teresapostedaphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite__57__bythetouchingwords:＂Whatablessingthisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewassosweetandkindtodothis.＂A.confirmed B.simplified C.clarified D.accompanied答案檢查大法1、答案均分規(guī)律5A，5B，5C，5D作用：可以幫助我們最后檢查。如最后統(tǒng)計選項的個數(shù)，如果某個選項≥8個，肯定有答案錯了。2、答案相連概率①相鄰兩個答案完全相同的概率較低，即出現(xiàn)AA，BB，CC，DD。（即使有，20個答案中一般不超過兩次，且不同，即第一次是AA，第二次絕對不可能是AA）。②相鄰三個答案完全相同的概率幾乎為0，即出現(xiàn)AAA，BBB，CCC，DDD。反義選項二選一江西卷“Iknowit's__40__foryou，”Mumsaidsoftly.“ButI'mjustworriedotherpeoplemightthinkwe'realittle…strange.Andthentheywouldmakefunofyou.”A.fair B.easy C.good D.hard全國卷Onwinterdays,Mr.Greenberg（giveaway）gloves.Duringtherestoftheyear,he27gloves.A.Borrows B.sells C.returns D.buys江蘇卷49onthemountain,mymostvaluablepossessionsweremy50withmyneighbors.A.Up B.Down C.Deep D.Along形似選項二選一全國一Itwas（impossible）forJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.Joe's__50__waspullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice(峭壁).A.height B.weight C.strength D.equipment天津卷"Justthink,mylittlegirl,onlytendozenleftforeachofusandthenwe're24.”A.lost B.done C.gone D.touched同義選項二選一或全排除全國卷LarryworkswithTransportDrivers.Inc.Onemorningin2009.Larrywas__41__along165northafterdeliveringtooneofhis42.41.A.walking B.touring C．traveling D．rushing福建卷Hecouldhavegoneonregrettingit,__44__toomanyofusdo.A.as B．once C．if D．while高考真題2023年2月四省聯(lián)考閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Dr.SmithofNewYorkworksatacenterforchildrenwhocan’tlearnwell.Onedayafatherbroughthissontohimfor____21____athisoffice.ThefathertoldDr.Smithabouthisson.“Mysonhas____22____inlearningandcan’tevenplaybaseball.Heisn’tdoingwellbecausehedoesn’ttry.Ihavedoneeverythingforhim.Ihaveevenshoutedathim.Butnothing____23____.”AfterDr.Smithtestedtheboy,he____24____hisfather.Heaskedthefathertositinfrontofa____25____andthengavehimapencilandapieceofpaper.Therewasa____26____onthepaper.Heaskedthefathertolookonlyinthemirrorand____27____thelinesofthestarwiththepencil.Thefathermadethesame____28____anyonemakes.Everytimehe____29____thepencil,itwentthewrongway.Thefather’sfacebecamered.Atthis____30____thedoctorshoutedathim,“Hurryup!Whyareyou____31____solong?Youcan’tdosuchan____32____thing!Youdon’tknowleftfromright!”These____33____madethefatherveryangry.“Nowyoucan____34____,can’tyou?”Thedoctorsaidtohim.“Yoursonhasfeltjustlikethatallthetime.Youscolded(訓(xùn)斥)himtoooften,sohedidn'ttryanymore.Hewasafraidofmakingmistakes.”____35____thefatherunderstoodeverything.Heputhisfacedown.Nowhefeltsosorry.21.A.testing B.acting C.teaching D.playing22.A.confidence B.interest C.experience D.difficulty23.A.returns B.helps C.appears D.remains24.A.waitedfor B.searchedfor C.believedin D.calledin25.A.mirror B.television C.painting D.desk26.A.face B.line C.number D.star27.A.remove B.follow C.cross D.cut28.A.decisions B.choices C.mistakes D.patterns29.A.touched B.dropped C.moved D.sharpened30.A.speed B.corner C.end D.point31.A.staying B.taking C.preparing D.writing32.A.easy B.important C.obvious D.exciting33.A.ideas B.words C.questions D.instructions34.A.relax B.leave C.understand D.promise35.A.Interestingly B.Absolutely C.Suddenly D.Unfortunately2023年1月浙江卷ThesunwasbeginningtosinkasIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.Iwasonmywayto____41____auniquehoneyharvest.Here,insouth-eastEthiopia,hand-carvedbeehives(蜂箱)areplacedinthe____42____.Reachingthemtogetthehoneyisdifficult—andoften____43____.I____44____beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.Ziyadbeganpreparations.He____45____handfulsofdamptreeleaves,wrappedthemwithstring,and____46____thebunchtocreateatorch(火把).Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,Ziyadbegan____47____.Hestoppedeveryfewminutestomovethe____48____higherupthetreetrunk.____49____,Ziyadgotclosetothehivewhichwasaround20metresabovetheground.Sittingonabranch,he_____50_____towardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.Suddenly,Ziyadletoutasharpcry.Withinseconds,he’d_____51_____thetrunkandwasbackontheground.Itwastoo_____52_____tocollectthehoney.Acoolsummerhaddelayed_____53_____.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).Theadultbeeswere_____54_____andkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.Hehadtowaitfortheright_____55_____togobackup.41.A.share B.collect C.celebrate D.witness42.A.courtyards B.fields C.treetops D.caves43A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless44.A.searched B.recognised C.followed D.invited45.A.gathered B.cleaned C.dropped D.checked46.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated47.A.jumping B.talking C.testing D.climbing48.A.hives B.leaves C.rope D.honey49.A.Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D.Immediately50A.backed B.dived C.shouted D.inched51.A.cutoff B.goneup C.sliddown D.heldonto52.A.high B.early C.fast D.close53.A.hatching B.training C.sowing D.trading54.A.curious B.hungry C.bored D.angry55.A.moment B.equipment C.person D.order2022年新高考1卷Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour___41___arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we___42___alongChalkCreek.Iwas___43___thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas___44___,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So___45___tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It___46___—hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe___47___,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly___48___ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The___49___pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto_____50_____themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No_____51_____.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere_____52_____,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere_____53_____.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof_____54_____,wonderingwhatcampingfunand_____55_____wewillexperiencenext.41.A.ideas B.jokes C.memo