價值流向圖教材

VSValueStreamMapping

TheRoadmaptoLean

價值流向圖

精益制造的路徑圖1VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003CourseObjectives

課程目標Uponcompletionofthiscourse,youwillbeableto…

本課程完成以后,你將能夠:ExplainhowValueStreamMappingisafirststepintheLeanImplementationprocess

解釋價值流向圖在精益制造過程中是怎樣的第一步ExplaintheValueStreamMappingprocess

解釋價值流向圖的過程CreateacurrentandfutureValueStreamMapforyourfacility

為你的工廠建立當前及未來的價值流向圖Applytheknowledgegainedfromthemappingprocesstoimproveyouroperation

運用所學(xué)的流向圖的工藝來改善你處的運營情況2VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003DefiningValueStreamMapping

定義價值流向圖ValueStreamMappingisapencil-and-papertoolthathelpsyouseetheflowofinformationandmaterialsasaproductmakesitswaythroughthevaluestream

在產(chǎn)品一路完成其價值流向時，價值流向圖是一種用筆在紙上幫你看清信息以及原料流向的工具3VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003BenefitsofValueStreamMapping

價值流向圖的益處Promotesvisualizationbeyondthesingle-processlevel–theentireproductionflowcanbeseen

把單一的過程圖提高到視覺上-可以看見整個生產(chǎn)流程Providesacommonlanguagefortalkingaboutmanufacturingprocesses

提供了制造工藝的通用語言平臺Formsthebasisofanimplementationplan

形成了執(zhí)行計劃的基礎(chǔ)Demonstratesthelinkagebetweeninformationandmaterialflow

闡明了信息與物流之間的聯(lián)接Describesindetailhowyourfacilityshouldoperateinordertocreateasmoothflow

詳細的描述了為建立一個順暢的流程你的工廠應(yīng)該如何運作Providesqualitativemetricsforbaselineandimprovements

提供基線和改進的量化矩陣表4VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ValueStreamMaps:Current

價值流向圖:現(xiàn)在5VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ValueStreamMapIcons

價值流向圖的圖標Customerorsuppliersofrawmaterials

客戶或原料供應(yīng)商Deliveryofeitherrawmaterialorshipmentsoffinishedgoods

原料的交付或者成品的交付ProcessBox過程盒Inventory庫存Describetypeandmountundertheicon 在圖標下描述類型和裝配Databox數(shù)據(jù)盒Categorieshererepresenttheminimumneeded

此處的分類代表了最少的需求量6VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003InformationFlow

信息流80linkages/mo-40silver-20gold-20blackTray10Pieces2shiftsPRODUCTION

CONTROL生產(chǎn)控制MRP90/60/30day天Forecasts預(yù)測CUSTOMER客戶6-weekForecast6周預(yù)測PacificSteelCo.PacificSteelCo.PacificSteelCo.WeeklyFax每周傳真DailyShipSchedule日發(fā)運表DailyOrder每日訂單WeeklySchedule周計劃7VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ProcessFlow

工藝流8VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ProductionLeadTime/ValueAddedTime

生產(chǎn)提前期/增值時間

9VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003CustomerLoop客戶鏈PacemakerLoopBatchLoopBatchLoopSupplierLoop供應(yīng)商鏈ProcessLoops

過程鏈10VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003StateStreetCaseStudyReadtheStateStreetCaseStudy閱讀StateStreet案例研究WorkinasmallgrouptocreateaCurrentStateMapforStateStreet分成小組制定StateStreet的當前狀態(tài)圖11VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003KeyPointson

ValueStreamMapping

價值流向圖的繪制Makeswasteandnon-valueaddedactivitiesreadilyapparent讓浪費及非增值行為顯而易見Requiresonepersonorteamtoownaproductfamily’sVALUESTREAM需要由一人或團隊來負責(zé)一類產(chǎn)品的價值流Coordinateschange對變更進行協(xié)調(diào)Emphasisisonvaluestream,not“spot”improvements強調(diào)整個價值流，而不是“點”上的提高Showsthevaluestreamandleadtimeinasimple,visualway以簡單、可見的方式來顯示價值流及提前期12VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003MappingtheFutureState

繪制將來的狀態(tài)Onceweknowthecurrentstate,wecanlookfor:

一旦我們知道目前的狀態(tài),我們就能尋找:Wastetoeliminate要排除的浪費Constraints,instabilities,andnon-standarditems制約的,不穩(wěn)定的以及不標準的項目Opportunitiestoimprovetheflowofmaterialsandinformation

改善物料和信息流的機會Establishingleanthinkingasthewaywerunourplants

運行我們工廠時樹立起精益制造的思維.13VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003SevenTypesofWaste:

七種浪費:Overproduction過量生產(chǎn)Transportation運輸Inventory庫存Motion動作Correction糾正Overprocessing過量加工Waiting浪費14VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003IdentifyingOpportunitiesforChange

識別變化的機會15VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003PlanningtheFutureState

為將來的狀態(tài)做計劃Whatisthetakttime? 什么是節(jié)拍時間?Dowebuildtoa“supermarket”ortoshipping?

我們的制造是針對“超級市場”還是發(fā)運?Canwehaveoneplaceforordering?

我們能否有一個地方下訂單?Wheredoweusesupermarketpullsystemstocontrolupstreamprocesses?

我們在哪需要使用超級市場的拉動系統(tǒng)來控制上游過程?Whereisthepacemakerprocess?

領(lǐng)頭人過程在哪里?Whatincrementofworkdowereleaseatthepacemakerprocess?

在領(lǐng)頭人的過程中哪種增加的工作量我們要釋放出來?Howdoweleveltheproductionmix?

我們?nèi)绾纹胶饣旌仙a(chǎn)?Wherecanweimprovetheprocess?

我們可以在哪里改進工藝?16VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003FutureState

將來狀態(tài)17VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ValueStreamMapApplication

價值流向圖的應(yīng)用KeyComponentsoftheplantoachievethefuturestateinclude:

用以完成將來狀態(tài)的關(guān)鍵計劃部分：Yourfuture-statemap

將來狀態(tài)的路徑圖Anynecessaryprocess-levelmaps(loops)

所有必要的、過程級別的路徑圖(鏈)Ayearlyvaluestreamplan

年度價值流計劃18VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003Putti