小站教育雅思考試聽力講義

/雅思聽力講義第一講雅思聽力應(yīng)注意的問題1,學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的基本方法2,考試與技巧3,計(jì)劃4,機(jī)經(jīng)1,如何習(xí)得英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的5個(gè)方面:聽,說,讀,寫,譯.其中讀和聽是基礎(chǔ),而讀是最基礎(chǔ)的,是習(xí)得的主要方法2,四門考試之間的關(guān)系聽,讀被動(dòng)說,寫主動(dòng)聽,讀平均分比說,寫高半分SOUNDS-SYLLABLES-WORDS-PHRASES-SENTENCES-PARAGRAPHS-PASSAGES語(yǔ)音-詞匯-語(yǔ)法-記憶-走神同時(shí),聽懂的過程正好是說的逆過程3,問題及解決問題方法1,語(yǔ)音:1)48個(gè)基本音素英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)發(fā)音的不同/元音/輔音/易混音2)吞音和連讀相鄰輔音,前者有口型不送氣/例外一般連讀/輔音連讀/元音連讀/例外3)口音和語(yǔ)調(diào)英音/美音/澳音/雜音句子重音/單詞重音/結(jié)構(gòu)與節(jié)奏1),2),3)問題的解決方案糾音:1,學(xué)過的配有磁帶的3-5篇課文2,錄下自己的聲音,與磁帶反復(fù)對(duì)比,模仿3,同性的聲音4)讀音規(guī)則一個(gè)字母組合發(fā)不同的音不同的字母組合發(fā)同一個(gè)音讀音規(guī)則問題的解決方案1,找到讀音規(guī)則2,多舉不同的例子2,詞匯:1)內(nèi)涵和外延不要只記一個(gè)意思,否則在其它地方遇到就不認(rèn)識(shí)了2)用法要記住單詞的語(yǔ)境,否則即便記住了也不會(huì)用3)同義詞聽說讀寫都需要同義詞聽力中有20-40%的題目需要聽同義詞4)派生詞熟悉單詞:詞根/詞綴3,語(yǔ)法:1)句子結(jié)構(gòu)只有抓住句子結(jié)構(gòu)才能抓住完整的含義.2)代詞還原這需要我們更強(qiáng)的短時(shí)記憶3)動(dòng)詞形式的含義熟悉動(dòng)詞的含義以及每一種形式的含義詞匯和語(yǔ)法問題解決方案快速閱讀:1,每天1-2篇學(xué)過的課文(10+遍)2,養(yǎng)成抓句子結(jié)構(gòu)的習(xí)慣3,180+WPM4,記憶聽寫1)單句2)邊聽邊寫和聽完再寫3)兩遍一句5,走神:1)邊聽邊走聽著玩每一部分犯的錯(cuò)誤都不少2)先走后不走躺著聽S1沒有進(jìn)入狀態(tài)S2剛剛開始S3,S4比前面兩部分好3)先不走后走邊聽邊譯S1不走神S2累了,開始走神S3,S4太累了一直在走神4)自信聽力考的是短時(shí)記憶聽到:寫,選聽不到:放棄走神問題的解決方案不要:1)聽著玩2)躺著聽3)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)或間斷4)看著原文聽5)聽太難的材料(新聞)6)猶豫第二講考題分析考試介紹I考試題型1,?？碱}型1,表格題:個(gè)人信息表格/有橫縱軸的表格/表格中的完成句子2,完成句子:1)單句填空2)提綱填空3)總結(jié)填空3,問答題前三種題型需要我們邊聽邊寫的能力4,選擇題1)單選2)多選選擇題需要我們邊聽邊讀的能力2,次常考題型1,地圖題:選字母/寫地名需要方向感2,搭配題需要邊聽邊讀/抽象思維3,不?？碱}型1,判斷改錯(cuò)題:判斷/判斷改錯(cuò)1)肯,否定詞2)專有名詞3)數(shù)字2,圖畫題:識(shí)圖能力3,圖例題:工作原理4,推理題:演繹推理4,綜合題型1,表格+判斷改錯(cuò)2,表格+多選3,表格+搭配II常考場(chǎng)景1,SURVIVAL1)住宿2)家鄉(xiāng)3)度假4)活動(dòng)2,ACADEMIC:新生入學(xué)/圖書館上述6個(gè)話題一般在S1和S2出現(xiàn),比較簡(jiǎn)單,因?yàn)槎际墙榻B性的話題S31)作業(yè)2)研究3)選課S4講課III評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1,13-16=4.5-517-23=5.5-624-30=6.5-731-35=7.5-82,寫答案注意事項(xiàng)1)拼寫不能出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤,但是英美拼寫均可接受2)答案要完整3)不能重復(fù)題干中已知信息4)不要超過字?jǐn)?shù)要求5)相似答案只能寫一個(gè)6)答案可以寫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)縮寫7)數(shù)字、金錢可以寫各種符號(hào)IV計(jì)劃1,每天計(jì)劃1)30分鐘/次2)2-4次/天2,1個(gè)月計(jì)劃使用劍橋系列3,4,5冊(cè)1)熟悉題型2)列出錯(cuò)誤清單3)聽寫4)預(yù)測(cè)5)適應(yīng)考試(考試前2周):心理(8.45聽力/9.25閱讀/10.30寫作)生理(飲食/主場(chǎng)作戰(zhàn))3,2個(gè)月計(jì)劃加上雅思聽力特訓(xùn)比一般考試難5題左右,能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)更多問題,考試能夠避免更多錯(cuò)誤4,3-6個(gè)月計(jì)劃加上LISTENTOTHIS半本/月(初級(jí):5-6.5;中級(jí)7-8.5)第三講習(xí)題講解PRACTICETEST1LISTENINGPRACTICETEST1NUMBEROFQUESTIONS:40APPROX.TIME:30MINUTESInstructionsYouwillhearanumberofconversationsandtalksandyoumustanswerquestionsonwhatyouhear.Theconversationsarerecordedandyouwillhavetimetoreadtheinstructionsandquestions,andtocheckyourwork.ThetapewillbeplayedONCEonly.Thetestisorganisedin4sections.Youcanwriteyouranswersonthequestionpaperandattheendofthetestyouwillbegiventimetotransferyouranswerstoananswersheet.Section1Questions1-10Questions1-3ChoosethecorrectlettersA-D.ExampleSergeantBrownisgoingtospeakaboutAcomfort.Bsafety.Cthepolice.DMrFogerty.1SergeantBrownisAthecommunitypatrolofficer.Btheuniversitysecurityofficer.Cthecommunitypoliceadviser.Dtheuniversityliaisonofficer.2SergeantBrownAliveslocallyandisnotmarried.Blivesonthecampusandhastwodaughters.Chasasonattheuniversity.Ddoesn'tliveonthecampuswithhisdaughters.3SergeantBrownhasbeenapoliceofficerforA5years.B10years.C15years.D20years.Questions4-6WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.4Themostdangerousplacearoundthecampusis________.5Themostdangerousplaceintownis________.6Itisdangerousbecauseof________.Questions7-8ChooseTWOlettersA-E.WhichTWOitemsshouldastudentalwayscarryAapersonalalarmBvaluablesCapassportDjewelleryEsomeidentificationQuestions9-10ChooseTWOlettersA-E.WhichTWOthingsdoesSergeantBrownrecommendastudentshoulddoAwalkhomeinpairsBusepublictransportCdrivehomeDnotcarryalotofcashEarrangetobehomeatacertaintimeSection2Questions11-20Questions11-13ChooseTHREElettersA-E.WhatareJohnandSarahdiscussingAtheamountofworkinthesecondyearBtheimportanceofmedievalhistoryCstudyingmaterialinadifferentlanguageDwhentheirexamswillfinishEthelevelofworkinthesecondyearQuestions14and15WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.14WhyisSarahworkinginthemarket________________________________________________________________________15HowmanycoursesmustJohnandSarahchoose________________________________________________________________________Questions16-20WriteANUMBERorNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachspace.CourseCreditsTutorRecommendedreadingRequirementsMedievalSociety20DrSmithStudypack________(17)DevelopmentofTechnology20MrMillsBouchier's'________'(18)NoneTheCrusadesI10________(19)Allison&McKay'sTheFirstCrusades'FrenchTheCrusadesII10DrShaker&ProfessorLordMallen's'AGeneralHistoryoftheCrusades'FrenchPeasantsandKings________(16)DrReevesHobart's'IntroductiontotheMiddleAges'________(20)Section3Questions21-30Questions21-25ChoosethecorrectlettersA-C21DrMulletwasparticularlyimpressedbyFayed'sAfinalyeardissertation.Bpersonaltutor.Cexamresults.22Afterhetookhisexams,FayedfeltAnervous.Banxious.Chappy.23DrMulletacceptspeoplefortheMAcoursebecauseofAtheirexamresults.Btheirabilitytoplaygames.Cavarietyofreasons.24WhatdidFayedinitiallygotouniversitytoStudyAeconomics.Bboomsandcrashes.Chistory.25ThecourseFayedisapplyingforisconcernedwithAthedevelopingworld.Bthedevelopmentofbanks.Ctheeconomicsofwork.Questions26-30CompleteDrMullet'snotesonhisinterviewwithFayedinNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachspace.INTERVIEWWITHFAYEDWorried!Farfromhiscountry.________(26)Willgotostudyin________(27)ifnotacceptedhere.Afteruniversitywantstowork________(28).Nowgoingtovisit________(29).Mydecision-when________(30)選擇題的解題思路

1、掃描題干，劃出核心詞

2、聽時(shí)綜合掃描選項(xiàng)3、用核心詞定位，聽到什么選什么4、抄完答案之后檢查

①同義相斥

②相反的有一個(gè)是對(duì)的

③常識(shí)選擇題的解題技巧

1、聽到詞就選

2、結(jié)合核心詞

3、生詞原則Section4Questions31-40Questions31-35CompleteeachsentencewithNOMORETHANTHREEWORDS.31Thepublichasmoreknowledgeofvitaminsthanotherparts________.32Thepublicdoesn'talwayseat________.33ThereisawidespreadbeliefthatVitaminCcan________.34VitaminAhelpsyousee________.35Manypeoplewronglythinkthattakingvitaminsupplementscan________.完成句子題的注意事項(xiàng)：

1、掃描題干，劃出核心詞，注意空格前后

2、判斷所需句子成分及詞性

3、注意核心詞同義詞替換，句子結(jié)構(gòu)變化的情況

用核心詞定位占50%，用同義詞替換的占30%，句子結(jié)構(gòu)定位為0%-5%

4、注意簡(jiǎn)寫答案，再補(bǔ)全

在聽寫的時(shí)候練習(xí)

5、檢查答案的詞性

總結(jié)起來就是：讀、猜、聽、寫、查本套題答案：ListeningTest1Youwillhearanumberofdifferentrecordingsandyouhavetoanswerquestionsonwhatyouhear.Therewillbetimeforyoutoreadtheinstructionsandyouwillhaveachancetocheckyouranswers.Thetestisinfoursections.Recordallyouranswersinyourtestbookandattheendofthetestyouwillbegiven10minutestotransferyouranswerstoaspecialanswersheet.NowturntoSection1.____________Section1——————Youwillhearapolicemangivingatalktosomestudents.Firstyouwillhavesometimetolookatquestions1to6(pausefor30seconds).Youwillseethattherehasbeenanexamplewrittenforyou.Onthisoccasiononlytheconversationrelatingtotheexamplewillbeplayedfirst(listentoexample).SergeantBrownisgoingtospeakaboutsafety,soanswerBhasbeencircledonthequestionpage.Nowwewillbegin.Youshouldanswerthequestionsasyoulisten,asyouwillnotheartherecordingasecondtime.Listentothetalkcarefullyandanswerquestions1to6.[MrFogarty:]...andsoI'dliketohandyouovernowtoSergeantBrown.Thankyou.[SergeantBrown:]Thankyou,MrFogarty.Er,yes,asyouknowmynameisSergeantJeffBrown,andasMrFogartyhasindicated,I'llbespeakingtoyoubrieflytodayaboutsecurity(example),abouthowtomakeyourtimeatthisuniversitysaferandmorecomfortable.Iamofficiallytheuniversityliaisonofficer(Q1),whichmeansIhaveaspecificbrieftoactasago-betweenfortheuniversityandthepolice,ifthereareproblems,andalsotoofferanofficialpresenceonoraroundcampusandgiveindividualsadviceiftheyneedit.Now,myjobisveryimportanttome.Itakesecurityandreducingthethreatofcrimeonthiscampusveryseriouslybecause,althoughIdon'tactuallyliveonthecampus,bothmydaughtersattendedthisuniversity,andmysonisstillhere(Q2).SoIamalocalpolicemanineveryrespect.IhavebeentheuniversityliaisonofficerforthelastfiveyearsbutIhavebeeninthepoliceforcefor15inall(Q3).Now,ontosomeadvice.ThefirstthingIwanttostressisthatthisuniversityisacomparativelysafeplacetolive.WehavehadnoseriouscrimeshereinthefiveyearsI'vebeenhere.Infact,crimeofanysortisveryrareonthecampus.Wehavegoodsecurityhereandalthoughtherearealotofstaffandstudents,thesecuritystaff,includingmyself,aremakinganefforttogettoknowyourfaces!However,asstudentsitisofcoursewiseforyoutotakeprecautionstoprotectyourselvesagainstcrimewhenyouareoffthecampus.AsIsaid,thecampusitselfisreallyverysafe,butthereisalargeparkrightbehindit,MacGowanFields(Q4),andalthoughthisisabeautifulplacetositorwalkduringtheday,atnightyoumustbecareful.Oneortwostudentshavereportedunpleasantincidentsatnightwhilewalkinginthepark,althoughitmustbesaidthatnomajorincidentshavebeenreported.Now,therearenoareasintownwhichIadvisestudentstoavoidasageneralrule,butthetowncentre(Q5)ismorehazardousthanotherareas,especiallyintheeveningsonFridayandSaturday.Onthesedaysthereisoftenfightingafterpeoplehavehadtoomuchtodrinkinthepubsandclubsinthearea.Therehavealsobeenanumberofrobberiesandmuggings(Q6).Beforethetalkcontinuesyouhavesometimetoreadquestions7to10(pausefor20seconds).Nowlistencarefullyandanswerquestions7to10.Well,thatwasmyadvicetoyou.Mostofitiscommonsensebutremembercrimealwayshappenswhenyouleastexpectit.Buttherearewaystoprotectyourself.Firstofall,theuniversityprovidesallstudentswithpersonalalarms(Q7).Ifyouareattacked,youcanusethistoputoffyourattacker.Secondly,don'ttakeanythingwithyouthatcannoteasilybereplacedlikeapassportorthingsofsentimentalvalue.Leavejewelleryandothervaluablesinyourroomwhenyougoout.Alwaysmakesureyoutakesomethingwhichwillidentifyyou(Q8),perhapsyourstudentcardoryourdrivinglicence.Thirdly,whenyouareoutlateatnight,comehomeintwos(Q9).It'smuchsaferifyou'rewithafriendthanonyourown.Andobviously,don'thaveverymuchmoneyonyou(Q10).Finally,ifyoudoknowyou'llbelatebackandcan'tusepublictransport,tellsomeoneelsewhenyouexpecttobehomeandifthere'saproblem,theycanraisethealarm.So,that'saboutallfrommeandIwishyouapleasantandsafestayhere.Thankyou.ThatistheendofSection1.Youwillhavehalfaminutetocheckyouranswers(pausefor30seconds).NowturntoSection2.____________Section2——————Youwillheartwostudents,SarahandJohndiscussingtheirchoicesofcoursestostudy.Firstyouhavesometimetolookatquestions11to15(pausefor30seconds).Nowlistencarefullytothediscussionandanswerquestions11to15.Sarah:Hi,JohnJohn:Hello,Sarah.WhatareyoudoinginhereHaven'tallyouexamsfinishedSarah:Well,yes,theyhave,butI'vegottomakemydecisionsfornextyear.Istillhaven'tchosenwhatcoursesI'mgoingtodo.John:That'swhyI'mhere.Whydon'twehavealookthroughthebrochuretogetherSarah:That'sagoodidea.I'mnotsureaboutsomeofthesecoursesonmedievalhistory.John:No.Infact,I'mnotsureaboutthewholesecondyear.IwastalkingtoPeterLilytheotherday-youknow,he'sjustfinishedthesecondyear-andhewassayingthattheworkloadishigherin(Q11)thesecondyearbecauseyouhavetoreadallthesemedievaldocumentsinLatin(Q12).Imean,thefirstyear'sbeenprettyhardbutnextyearwillbeworse.Therearemoreassignmentsinthesecondyear-itgoesuptosixayearforeachcourse,doesn'titSarah:YesButwe'vegottheexperienceofthefirstyeartobuildon,soitmustgeteasier.Andthereisn'tsomuchsecondarymaterialinthesecondyear.Therearen'tsomanybooksaboutthemedievalperiod.John:Don'tyoubelieveit!Ithinkthisyear'sgoingtobehardwork(Q13)!Sarah:Well,perhapsI'dbettergiveupmyjobthen.John:You'reworkingaswellSarah:Yeah,I'vebeenworkinginthesameplaceforoverayearnow.Onlypart-time,youknow.JustSaturdaymorningsinthemarket.Imean,itdoesn'tpaymuch,butit'sinterestinganditgivesmeabitofextracashformytextbooks(Q14).Anyway,whataboutthesecoursesHowmanydowehavetotakeIrememberProfessorboltsayingsomethingaboutfourcoursesinthesecondyear,isthatrightOrdowehavetodoacertainnumberofcreditsJohn:Both.Wehavetoselectfourcourses(Q15),butforsomecoursestherearetwoparts.Theycountasonecourse.It'ssixintotal,becauseeveryonehastodoEurope1100-1500andChroniclesoftheChurch.Anyway,whenyou'vechosenyourfourcourses,theyshouldaddupto80credits.HaveyougotthecoursebrochurethereSarah:Yes.Look...under...secondyearhistory...Thereitis.Younowhavesometimetoreadquestions16to20(pausefor20seconds).Nowlistentotherestofthediscussionandanswerquestions16to20.John:Right.Yes,look.Mostofthesecoursesare20creditseach,exceptforthetwoshortcoursesabouttheCrusades(Q16).They're10each.Now,MedievalSociety...Hmm.WhatdoyouthinkSarah:Well,actually,Ithinkitlooksreallygood.DrSmithisOK,andyoudon'thavetobuyanybooksexceptastudypack.Thebestthingis,therearenospecialrequirements(Q17)-noLatinormedievalEnglish!John:ThenextoneisDevelopmentofTechnologywithMrMills.Ah...thisisagoodone.Peterrecommendedit.It'sallaboutthewayprintingdeveloped,andearlyscience.Infact,IthinkIcouldgetacopyofBouchier's'HistoryofScience'(Q18)fromhim.ThatmeansIwouldn'thavetobuyit.Sarah:Thatdoeslookinteresting.Andthatdoesn'thaveanyspecialrequirementseither.What'snext...Ah,heretheyare.10creditseach,theCrusades.YouneedFrenchtodothem.IsupposealotofthedocumentsareinFrench.John:That'sstrange-look.Therearedifferentteachersforeachpart.Iexpectthat'swhyit'stwomodules.DrClaredoesthefirstpart(Q19),butit'sDrShakerandProfessorLordforthesecondone.Sarah:SothatonlyleavesPeasantsandKings,withDrReeves....Oh,look,youhavetoknowFrench(Q20)forthisone.John:Well,ImustsayIdon'tfancyanycoursethatasksyoutohaveLatin,butIthinkmyFrenchisgoodenoughtoreadoriginalsources.Sarah:Yes,minetoo.Well,whatshallwechooseThatistheendofSection2.Youwillhavehalfaminutetocheckyouranswers(pausefor30seconds).NowturntoSection3.____________Section3——————YouwillhearaninterviewbetweenDrMullet,auniversitylecturerandastudent,Fayed.Firstyouhavesometimetolookatquestions21to25(pausefor30seconds).Nowlistencarefullytotheinterviewandanswerquestions21to25.DrMullet:So,Fayed,youfoundmyofficequiteeasily.Fayed:Yes,thankyou.DrMullet:Thankyouforcomingsuchalongwayfortheinterview.IbelieveyouarefromtheMiddleEast.Now,Fayed,Ireallywantedtospeaktoyouduringthisinterviewabouttwothings-yourexamresultsandyourfinal-yeardissertation.Yourthesis,yourdissertation,thatwassomethingquitespecial.Yourpersonaltutoractuallysentmeacopy,andImustsaythatforathirdyearundergraduateit'saverypolishedpieceofwork.Fayed:Thankyou.DrMullet:Yes,it'sverypromising(Q21).Now,thethingis,yoututortellsmethatyouweren'tallthathappywithyourexams...Fayed:Well...Theresultsaren'toutyet,asyouknow.Thefirstfourwerefine,butinthelastthreeIlostmynerveabitanddidn'tdosowell.IknowIdidn'tdoaswellasIcould.Iwasworried(Q22)whenI'dhandedinmyexams.DrMullet:Right.Well,examsareabitofagameanyway.Wecan'talldowellontheday.Buthereexamresultsarenoteverything,asyouknow-IsetgreatstorebyotherfactorsindecidingwhetherweofferyouaplaceontheMaster'scourse(Q23).Perhapsyoucouldtellmealittleabouthowyoubecameinterestedineconomics.Fayed:Yes,ofcourse.Well,I'vealwaysbeeninterestedinsocialandeconomichistory,sofromaveryyoungageIreadabouttheboomsandcrashesofthe19thand20thcenturies.Ioriginallyappliedtostudyhistoryatuniversity(Q24),butwhenIgotthereIrealisedIhadthechancetostudyeconomicsatahighlevel,soIchanged.MymotherusedtobeaneconomistattheWorldBank,soIhadhertohelpmeandguideme.Althoughshedidn'thelpmewritemyfinal-yearpaper!DrMullet:No,quite.Now,you'reapplyingfortheMaster'scourseintheEconomicsoftheDevelopingWorld(Q25),taughtbymyselfandDrBranigan.WhythisparticularcourseFayed:Well,I'vereadsomeofyourworkon-thedevelopmentofruralbanksandIthoughtthiswasagoodplacetobe.Imean,thisismyfirstchoice.Nowyouhavesometimetoreadquestions26to30(pausefor20seconds).Nowlistentotherestoftheinterviewandanswerquestions26to30.DrMullet:Andyou'renotworriedaboutfeelinghomesickYouarestillyoung,andAustraliaisaverylongwayfromyourhome(Q26).Imean,yourEnglishisfine,therearenoproblemswithlanguageorattitude,butthedistancefromyourfamilymaymakeithardforyouatfirst.Fayed:I'vethoughtaboutthat.Butit'saproblemwhereverIgo.IfIdon'tgetinhere,I'llprobablytakeaplaceatauniversityinEngland(Q27).That'sjustasfarfromhome!DrMullet:Isee,Isee.Andwhatareyourlong-termambitions,FayedWhatdoyouwanttodoultimatelywithyourQualificationsandyourlifeFayed:Iwanttoworkinmycountry(Q28).Youknowtherearesomeproblemsthere,andIwanttotrytorightsomeofthemintheeconomicinfrastructure.DrMullet:Isee.Andthisisyourlastinterview,Ibelieve.Thatgivesyoufourweeksbeforethenexttermstarts.WhatwillyoudoduringyourholidaysFayed:Oh,I'mgoingtorelax.IwasgoingtoworkonmyEnglish,butinfactI'vegotacoupleoffriendsinHamburg,soIthinkI'llgoandstaywiththem(Q29)insteadasI'veneverbeentoGermany.DrMullet:Isee.Well,Fayed,asyouknowIcan'tgiveyouadecisionrightaway.However,Icantellyouthatyou'vemadequiteanimpressionwithyourapplication,andIthinkyoushouldnotworrytoomuchabouttheplace.Mydecisionwillbemadetomorrow(Q30)afterI'veseenthelastcandidate,andI'llletyouknowwithinthenexttwoweeks.Fayed:Thankyouverymuch.DrMullet:Well,thankyouforattendingtheinterview.ThatistheendifSection3.Younowhavehalfaminutetocheckyouranswers(pausefor30seconds).NowturntoSection4.____________Section4——————Youwillhearalecturergiveatalkonnutrition.Firstyouhavesometimetolookatquestions31to40(pausefor40seconds).Nowlistencarefullytothetalkandanswerquestions31to40.Now,thetopicoftoday'stalkisnutrition-specifically,vitaminsandminerals.I'llbedealingfirstwithsomeofthemostcommonmisconceptionsaboutthem.ThenI'mgoingtotalkaboutwhatvitaminsthereare,wheretheycomefrom,andthequantitiesweneed.We'llhavesometimeattheendofthetalkforanyquestionsyoumayhave.OKWell,vitaminsareknowntothegeneralpublic-infact,thepublicknowsmoreaboutthemthanitdoesaboutcertainotherkeyaspectsofnutrition(Q31).Onereasonforthisisthatvitaminshavebeeninthepubliceyeforquiteawhile-atleastsincethemiddleofthe20thcentury,whentheirimportancefirstbecamewidelyrecognised.Thisawarenessdoesmeanthatthepublicknowshowimportantvitaminsare-evenifitdoesn'tmeanthatwealleatahealthydietallthetime(Q32).However,aproblemdoesarisethatisassociatedwiththis,whichisthenumberofoldwives'talesaboutvitamins.Usuallythesefallaciesarenotdangerous,buttheydoleadtoanunnecessarilyhighintakeofvitaminsupplements.Forexample,itiswidelyheldthathighdosesofvitaminCwillcurecoldsandflu(Q33).I'dliketohitthisoneonthehead-thereisnoevidencethatanyvitamincancureanything!No,I'mafraidyou'lljusthavetolettimesortoutyourcold.Andofcourse,thebodycan'tstorevitaminC,sothosetabletsyoutakearejustanexpensivewasteoftime.AnothercommonbeliefwithnoevidenceistheideathatvitaminAhelpsyouseeinthedark(Q34).Actually,thereissometruthinthisone,becausevitaminAisnecessaryforgoodvision.Butinthedark,inrealdarkness,nobodycansee.Andofcourse,takingtoomuchvitaminAcanactuallybebadforyou.Butperhapsthemostmisleadingidea,heavilypromotedbycertaincompanies,isthatvitaminswillmakeyouintelligent(Q35).Now,whileahealthydietisessentialifyouaretomakethemostofyourintelligence,thereisnoevidencewhatsoeverthatvitaminsupplementscanmaketheslightestbitofdifference(pausefor3seconds).SowhatcanvitaminsdoOr,perhapsmoreaccurately,whydoweneedthemWell,theansweristhatweneedthemforallsortsofreasons.VitaminA,forexample,alsocalledretinol,isessentialforgoodeyesight,especiallyatnight,andtohelpusfightoff(Q36)infectionandillness.Wegetitfromliver,butter,eggyolksandmilk.VitaminD,asiswellknown,isusedtobuildstrongteeth(Q37)andbones,butitalsohelpsusabsorbcalcium.VitaminDismainlyformedintheskinthroughtheactionofsunlight.Howmuchyouneeddependsondifferentfactorssuchasageandhealth.VitaminE,tocopherol,islesswell-known,butisnecessaryinmaintainingahealthybalanceoffatsinthebody.Weneed10-12mg(Q38)everyday,andalthoughsomepeopletakesupplements,youcannormallygetwhatyouneedfromabalanceddiet.TheBcomplexincludesvitaminsB1,thiamine,B2,riboflavine,B6,pyridoxineandB12,cyanocobalamin.Itperformsmanyfunctions,includingallowingourbodiestometabolisecarbohydrates,forminghealthytissue,andperhapsmostimportantly,formingredbloodcells(Q39)topreventperniciousanaemia.WeneedvaryingamountsoftheBcomplex,andwhilemostofuscangetenoughfromawell-balanceddiet,vegetariansmayfindthemselvesdeficientinB12,whichisonlyfoundinanynoticeablequantityinmeat,especiallyliver.Finally,vitaminCistheoneeveryoneknows.Ascorbicacid,asit'salsoknown,helpsfightinfection,whichperhapsaccountsforthemythaboutpreventingcolds.Italsohelpsprotectagainstscurvy.Weneed30mgaday,andcanonlyreallygetthisamountfromeatingplentyofcitrusfruit(Q40)andfreshvegetables.Now,inamomentI'llbemovingontotalkabouthowwecanplanadietwhichwillsupplyallourvitaminneeds.Butbeforethat,I'dliketolookatsomeoftherecentadvancesinourknowledgeofthewaysvitamindeficienciescanaffectus...(fade)ThatistheendofSection4.Youwillhavehalfaminutetocheckyouranswers(pausefor30seconds).ThatistheendoftheListeningTest.Younowhave10minutestotransferyouranswerstotheListeninganswersheet(pausefor10minutes).Pleasestopwriting.TEST2LISTENINGPRACTICETEST1NUMBEROFQUESTIONS:40APPROX.TIME:30MINUTESInstructionsYouwillhearanumberofconversationsandtalksandyoumustanswerquestionsonwhatyouhear.Theconversationsarerecordedandyouwillhavetimetoreadtheinstructionsandquestions,andtocheckyourwork.ThetapewillbeplayedonlyONCE.Thetestisorganisedin4sections.Youcanwriteyouranswersonthequestionpaperandattheendofthetestyouwillbegiventimetotransferyouranswerstoananswersheet.本套題題型分析：Section1Questions1-12

Questions1-8表格題

Questions9-12單選題

Section2Questions13-20

Questions13-16多選題

Questions17-20問答題

Section3Questions21-30

Questions21-26搭配題

Questions27-30單選題

Section4Questions31-40

Questions31-40地圖題&完成句子題Section1Questions1–12個(gè)人信息表格題做題關(guān)鍵：

1、信息修正：注意否定詞、轉(zhuǎn)折詞及表示修改的詞

2、速度陷阱:

①答案前后語(yǔ)速慢,答案加快

②緊張導(dǎo)致定位失敗

解決辦法：

①速度的練習(xí)：主要是對(duì)吞音、連讀等語(yǔ)音的練習(xí)和單位時(shí)間處理信息量的練習(xí)

②預(yù)測(cè)的練習(xí)：在聽之前預(yù)測(cè)缺省信息

3、計(jì)算的問題：

單位的換算：fortnight兩周，decade十年，dozen十二，score二十

要特別注意時(shí)間的計(jì)算

4、地名：

其他題中可能提供要寫的地名①常見地名：英、澳、加、美常見地名

②常用地名：Fountainroad、SpringCourt、BrookstreetQuestions1-8Forquestions1-8completethenotesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.ExampleCustomerrequirements:a(example)flighttoDelhi.EnglishAirwayscost(1)routedirectflightdeparturetimeMonday,15.00arrivaltimeTuesday,03.25otherfeaturesextralegroom,personalTV(2)AirBroncocost￡212routevia(3)departuretime(4)arrivaltimeTuesday,16.30otherfeatures20kgbaggagemaxDBGAirlinescost(5)routeviaIstanbuldeparturetimeMonday,12.00arrivaltimeTuesday,10.15otherfeatures(6)25kgbaggagemaxKarachiAirTourscost￡383routeviaAbuDhabideparturetimeMonday,11.35arrivaltime(7)otherfeatures(8)Questions9-12CirclethecorrectlettersA-C.9WhendoesthetravelagentadviseSuniltobookhisticketAthefollowingmonthBaftersevendaysCstraightaway10WhichairlineprovidesthequickestroutehomeAEnglishAirwaysBAirBroncoCDGBAirlines11WhichairlineprovidesthecheapestroutehomeAEnglishAirwaysBAirBroncoCKarachiAirTours12WhatisthereasonforSunil'schoiceAtheflightisthecheapestBtheflightallowshimtovisithisauntCtheflightisbestoverallSection2Questions13-20Questions13and14CircleTWOthingyouMUSTNOTtakeonboardwithyou.AcigarettesBlighterfuelCmatchesDgiftswrappedbyafriendEmobilephonesQuestions15and16CircleTWOthingsyouMUSTtakeonboardwithyou.ApassportBbooksCboardingpassDforeigncurrencyEsandwichesQuestions17-20WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.17Whenisthecheck-intimefortheflight18Whatisthebestmeansoftransporttotheairport19HowmuchbaggagecanSuniltake20WhereisthebestplacetochangemoneySection3Questions21-30Questions21-26做好搭配題要注意：

1、掃描題干注意有沒有“morethanonce”，如有則配搭會(huì)比較混亂

2、劃核心詞，注意題干和選項(xiàng)中較為復(fù)雜的

3、判斷展開順序，一般將題干和選項(xiàng)中有具體含義的一方為依據(jù)判斷Matchtheideastothelecturersintheboxbelow.LecturersADrWrayCProfessorSmithBProfessorMartinDDr