山東省某中學2021屆高三一模英語試題【含答案】

山東省實驗中學2021屆高三一模英語試題

學校:姓名：班級：考號：

一、閱讀選擇

WinanInterviewwithNYTBestsellingAuthorJ.Elle

InadditiontoyourprivateonlineZoominterview,youwillalsowinaprintcopyofher

book,WingsofEbony,aPDFcopyofthebook,andthechancetohaveyourinterview

publishedinTeenInk.

HowtoEnter:

1.FollowTeenInkonInstagram(teen.ink)

2.CommenttwoofyourpotentialquestionsforJ.Elleonourcontestpost,oremail

themtocontests@

3.Wewillbechoosingthewinnerbasedonthesequestionssodoyourbest!

AbouttheBook:

WingsofEbonyispartofYAfantasybooksaboutablackteengoddessnamedRuewho

mustriseupagainstracistgods,whopoisonedherblockwithdrugs,violence,andcrime.It

extendsauniqueperspectiveonracism,privilege,culturalappropriation,andcommunity.

AboutJ.Elle:

J.Elleisafonnerteachertoinner-citystudents,andthefounderofnYourStoryisYour

Power,nacreativewritingworkshopthatempowersteenvoices.Fromgrowinguppoorto

beingafirst-generationcollegestudent,Elle*sperseveranceandpassionforempowering

othersdatesbacktoherfirstcareerineducation,teachingtweensandteensfromtraditionally

underservedareastofightfortheirdreams.Shedrewinspirationforthenovelfromherown

experiencegrowinguppoor,whichisclearlyreflectedinherbook.

1.Whatwillthewinnerget?

A.Aface-to-faceinterviewwithElle.

B.AbookwithJ.Elle'ssignature.

C.APDFcopyofWingsofEbony.

D.ApublishedcopyofTeenInk.

2.Thewinnerwillbepickedoutbyparticipants*.

A.entries.B.comments.C.emails.D.questions.

3.WhatinspiredElletowritethebook?

試卷笫1頁，總10頁

A.Herloveforteaching.

B.Herexperienceinpoverty.

C.Herdreamofwriting.

D.Hereducationincollege.

Everyonecansmilewhentheyareoncloudnine.Everyonecancrywhenthe

weatherisblue.Butittakesastrongpersontosmilewhenheorshehaseveryreasontocry!

Kiley,fromMaryland,isanauthor,fashionmodel,motivationalspeakerand

entrepreneur.Since3yearsold,herlifehasproventobeajourneyofsurgeries.Shewas

forcedtohavetwopermanentostomies（造口術(shù)）,causinghertohaveostomybagsforthe

restofherlife.

Carryingnotone,buttwoostomybagsisnotsomethingyouwouldwantanyonetogo

throughespeciallyyourownchild.Asasinglefather,JayisKiley'sbiggestadvocate.When

Kileywas10yearsold,shegaveaspecialFather'sDaygifttoherfathertoexpressher

gratitude,whichwastodancewithhimathertalentshowatschool.Inthevideo,thelittlegirl

wassmilingfromeartoear.Theydancedalongthesong,OvercomerofAmericanIdoFs

Mandisa.nYou*reanovercomer.Stayinthefighttillthefinalround.'1Truetothelyrics,Kiley

isastrongandinspiringovercomer.

Atonlyfifteen,KileysetupEnhancingChildren'sLivesOrganization,afoundation

dedicatedtohelpinglow-incomechildren,providingthemwithbackpacksfilledwithschool

supplies,shoesclothingandevenfood.

Shehasbeenafashionmodelforover7years,yeswithtwoostomybags.Sheishelping

cancersurvivorsandinspiringostomypatients.Lookingattheouterappearance,onewould

nottellsheliveswiththeseadversities.Shehasproventhatnoteventhebiggestproblemin

theworldcouldwipeawaythesmilefromherface!

Kileywroteinoneofherbooks,"Iusedtosay,4Whyme?Whycancer?Whyostomy

bags?'NowIsay,4Whynotme?9Justbecauseyouhavesomedifficultiesinlifedoesn*tmean

youcan*tmakeit.Wehavetheabilitytomakeadifference,tochangelives.**

4.WhydidKileydecidetodancewithherfatheratschool?

A.Toshowoffhertalent.

B.Towinherdad'ssupport.

C.TopromoteFather'sDay.

試卷第2頁，總10頁

D.Toshowthankstoherdad.

5.WhatcanchildrengetfromEnhancingChildren'sLivesOrganization?

A.Medicalcare.

B.Fullscholarship.

C.Schoolnecessities.

D.Bettereducation

6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeKiley?

A.Optimisticandinspiring.

B.Strong-willedandrealistic.

C.Creativeandindependent.

D.Confidentandambitious.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromKiley'sstory?

A.Healthismoney.

B.Smilehaspower.

C.Hardworkpaysoff.

D.Cherishthetime.

Peoplewhoplaydrumsregularlyfbryearsdifferfromunmusicalpeopleintheir

brainstructureandfunction.TheresultsofastudybyresearchersfromBochumsuggestthat

theyhavefewer,butthickerfibersinthemainconnectingtractbetweenthebrain

hemispheres（半球）.Inaddition,theirmotorbrainareasareorganizedmoreefficiently.Thisis

theconclusiondrawnbyaresearchteamheadedbyDr.Lara.Itwaspublishedinthejournal

BrainandBehavior,onlineon4December2019.

Theresearcherswereinterestedindrummersbecausetheirmovementcontrolfar

surpassesthatofuntrainedpeople.HMostpeoplecanonlyperformfinemotortaskswithone

handandhaveproblemsplayingdifferentrhythmswithbothhandsatthesametime,"

explainsLara,nDrummerscandothingsthatareimpossiblefbruntrainedpeople."

Theteamintendedtogainnewinsightsintotheorganizationofcomplexmotor

processesinthebrainbyidentifyingthechangesinthebraincausedbythistraining.The

researcherstested20professionaldrummerswhohaveplayedtheirinstrumentfbranaverage

of17yearsandcurrentlypracticefbrmorethantenhoursperweek.Theyexaminedthem

usingvariousMRIimagingtechniquesthatprovideinsightsintothestructureandfunctionof

試卷第3頁，總10頁

thebrain.Theythencomparedthedatawithmeasurementsof24unmusicalcontrolsubjects.

BothgroupshadtoplaydrumstotesttheirabilitiesandwerethenexaminedintheMRI

scanner.

Dmmmerspresentedcleardifferencesinthefrontpartofthecorpuscallosum（肺月氐

體）responsibleformotorplanning.Thedataindicatedthatthedrummershadfewerbut

thickerfibersinthisimportantconnectingtract.Thisallowsmusicianstoexchange

informationbetweenthehemispheresmorequicklythanthecontrols.

Althoughdrummersmightbegoodatmotorcoordination,theyarclessactiveinmotor

tasksthanthatofcontrolsubjects.Thisphenomenonindicatesthatamoreefficientbrain

organizationintheareasleadstolessactivationinprofessionals.

8.WhichhastheclosestmeaningwiththeunderlinedwordinParagraph2?

A.Correspondwith.B.GobeyondC.Differfrom.D.Fallbehind.

9.Howdidtheteamidentifythechangesindrummers*brain?

A.Byanalyzingpreviousstudy.

B.Byorganizingcomplexmotortasks.

C.Bytestingtheirabilitiesandscanningthebrains.

D.Bycomparingamateurdrummersandunmusicalpeople.

10.Whichstatementistrueaboutthedrummers?

A.Theyaremoreactiveinmotortasks.

B.Theycanplayrhythmsmorequickly.

C.Theyhavebetterimaginationandinsights.

D.Theyhavemoreefficientbrainorganization.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Playingdrumschangesthebrain.

B.Playingdrumscanbetrained.

C.Playingmusicmakesyouactive.

D.Playingmusicbringsbenefits.

Veganleather（純素皮）,acruelty-freeandenvironment-friendlysubstitutefor

animalleatherhaslongbeentheultimategoalofsustainablefashion.Now,analternativemay

bemakingthejumpfromthelabtocupboards,anditssourcemaysurprisemanypeople:the

forestfloor.

試卷笫4頁，總10頁

Mycelium（菌體幺2）,thefibrousrootsoffungi（真菌），isbeingmadeintodurableclothes

andbagswithalowercarboncostthananimal'sskinorplastic,andit*samaterialthatwon't

pileupinlandfills.Whileproductsmadefromitaren*tavailabletobuyyet,industryexperts

saythematerialhasgreatpotentialtoinfluencethemarketfbranimalandsynthetic（合成

的leathers.Andithasauniquelookandfeel.

Leatherproductionreliesonskinfromcattleandsheep,whoseraisingisamajorsource

ofgreenhousegasemissions.Leatherprocessingalsousesdangerouschemicalsandgenerates

largemountsofwastefromtreatingrawskin.Bycontrast,fungi*sgrowthiseffectively

carbonneutralsincetheycatchandstorecarbonthatwouldotherwisebeemittedorremainin

theatmosphere,accordingtoNature.Pureanduntreatedfungi-leatheralsobreaksdown

easily.

Anumberofcompaniesarerelyingonconsumer'sinterestinatruefungileather.Some

66%USrespondentstoasurveybytheconsultingfirmMckinsey&Companysaidthey

considersustainabilitywhenmakingaluxurypurchase.California-basedMckinoisperhaps

closesttoproducingacommerciallyavailableproductcalledReishi.HIthasthesamequality

andartisticvalueasanimalleatheranditwillbelaunchedinpartnershipwithtopbrandsin

thecomingmonths/saidSophiaWang,thecompan/sco-fbunder.

Oneofthechallengeswithfungi-leatherismakingauniform"mat"withconsistent

thickness,appearanceandcolor,accordingtoNature.It'salsonecessarytobalancedurability

withbiodegradability（降解）.

12.WhatdoweknowaboutMycelium?

A.Itsproductsareavailablenow.

B.Itislikelytogainsomemarketshare.

C.Ithasahighcarbonemission.

D.Itaccountsfbralargepartofwaste.

13.HowisParagraph3mainlydeveloped?

A.Bymakingacomparison.

B.Byreasoningandarguing.

C.Byanalyzingtheresearchprocess.

D.Byprovidingbackgroundinformation.

14.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4

A.Mostpeoplelikeanimalleather.

試卷第5頁，總10頁

B.ConsumersareindifferenttoReishi.

C.SophiahasconfidenceinReishi.

D.Mckinoranksamongtopbrands

15.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanweseethepassage

A.Opinion.B.AgricultureC.Fashion.D.Lifestyle.

二、七選五

Whenlifegetsbusy,personalpriorities,self-care,ornme-timenmaystarttobe

ignored.Buttakingcareofyourownneedsisnotaluxury.Prioritizingyourownneedsis

whatallowsyoutorunsmoothlyandtobringyourbesttoyourotherprioritiesand

challenges.16.Therefore,don'texpecttogetitperfectortoseeinstantbenefits.Trythesetips

andenjoyamorefulfillinglife

?Startclaiming10-15minutesadayforyourself.Itwon'ttakeawayfromyour

productivity;itwillincreaseit.17.Payattentiontohowyoufeelandwhatyouneed.Trynot

tosavethisfortheendofthedaywhenyouaretootiredtomoveandyourbrainhasstopped

working.

?Planfbrfoodthatfuelsyou-especiallywhentimeistight.Makesureyouhavethe

groceriesthatyouneed.Choosefoodsthatarenutritious.Don*tskipbreakfast,haveaplanfbr

lunch,anddon*tstarveyourselfbeforedinner.18.

?Cutthemultitasking.19?Practicefocusingondoingonethingatatime.Youwon'tgetit

perfect,butthafsokay.Manypeoplemultitasknotoutofadesiretoincreaseproductivity,but

becausetheyareeasilydistractedandcan*tfocusononeactivity.

?20?It'softenasignalthatlifeisoutofbalanceandyourpersonalprioritiesneedmore

attention.Wehavetopayattentionanddevelopotherwaysofcaringfbrourselvesinsteadof

turningtofood,soimprovementsarepossible.Thiscanbecomplicatedbutitdoesn'thaveto

beoverwhelming.

A.Nostarvationdiets.

B.Takeemotionaleatingseriously.

C.Usethistimetoconnectwithyourself.

D.Itstressesusoutandmakesuslessefficient.

E.Itensuresyouasenseofsatisfactionandachievement.

F.Actually,learningtoprioritizeyourownneedsisaprocess.

試卷第6頁，總10頁

G.Whenyourwell-beingisn*tapriority,justabouteverythinggoesdownhill.

三、完形填空

Ahomelessmanrescuedalltheanimalsatashelterafteritcaughtonfire.Hamlin,

the21oftheW-Underdogsshelter,toldCNN

KeithWalker,53,ahomelessman,22hislifetosaveseveralcatsanddogs23

atanAtlantaanimalshelterafteritcaughtfire,thefacility'sfoundersaid.

nIwasnervousashell.Iwasreally24togointherewithallthatsmoke.ButGod

putmeeretosavethoseanimalsandI25intotheshelterafterafireengulfedits

kitchen.nWalkertoldCNN.'*Ifyouloveadog,youcanloveanyoneintheworld.Mydogis

mybestfriend,andIwouldn'tbehere26him,soIknewIhadtosaveallthoseother

dogs.*'

27theshelterwasnotcompletelydestroyed,thefireleftituninhabitable,

accordingtoW-UnderdogsfounderGracieHamlin.

"Heismyguardianangel,"HamlintoldCNN."Eventhefirefightersdidn*twantto28

thedogs.Theycalledanimalcontrol,butKeithwasalreadyinthebuildingpullingoutthe

catsanddogsuntiltheywereall29

Hamlin30knewWalker,whohasbeenhomelesssincehewas13yearsold,

becausesheletshim31hisdog,apitbullnamedBravo,atthesheltereverynight.

Walkerwasonhiswayto32Bravoandtakehimfbrawalkwhenhesawthefire.

Hewasabletorescuealltheanimals-sixdogsandtencats.

“Ican'tthankhim33forsavingmyanimals/Hamlinsaid.''Ymstillin34

becauseFvebeenaroundafireandIknowhowfastitspreads.Homelessmanasheis,

Walkerismv35

21.A.leaderB?founderC.donatorD.sponsor

22.A.riskedB.gaveC.lostD.put

23.A.tiedB.abandonedC.trappedD.restricted

24.A.thrilledB.upsetC.annoyedD.scared

25.A.walkedB.rushedC.slidD.squeezed

26.A.withoutB.beyondC.exceptD.with

27.A.BeforeB.SinceC.UntilD.While

28.A.spotB.searchC.handleD.touch

試卷笫7頁，總10頁

29.A.comfortableB.secureC.desperateD.independent

30.A.previouslyB.eventuallyC.deliberatelyD.fortunately

31.A.feedB.protectC.keepD.train

32.A.putupB.holdupC.takeupD.pickup

33.A.enoughB.againC.anyhowD.once

34.A.peaceB.disbeliefC.reliefD.silence

35.A.friendB.employeeC.assistantD.hero

四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

TheofficialSinaWeibo36.(announce)onFeb.2ndthatChinesevloggerLiZiqiseta

newGuinnessWorldRecordfornmostsubscribersforaChineselanguagechannelon

YouTube*1bygoingfrom11.4millionsubscribersinJuly37.14.1millionattheendof

January,2020.

Thenews38.(view)morethan400milliontimessofaronSinaWeibo.Chinesenetizens

quicklyreactedtohernewrecord,congratulatingthevloggerandexprcssing39.hopethatshe

canproducemorebrilliantvideostoadvocateChineseculturearoundtheworld.

In2017,LiuploadedherfirstvideoonYouTube40.wasabouthowtomakeadress

usingtheskinsofgrapes.ThepoeticidylliclifeandprofoundtraditionalChinesecultureinLi

Zigi,svideosare41.(attract)tofansfromallovertheworld.Hervideosareslow-pacedand

thesceneryisverybeautiful.ShowingChineseculturesuchascookingdeliciousfood,

makingtraditionalChinese42.(handcraft)andlivinganidyllicrurallifeinChinatothe

world43.(be)hervideofocus.

Expertssayshesuccessfullyteachespeopleallovertheglobe442(appreciate)Chinese

cultureandtheChineseculture45.(convey)inhervideosisgoingfurtherabroad.

五、提綱類作文

46.臨近畢業(yè)，你的英語老師布置了一篇作文，請以“MyCareerPlan”為題，寫一篇英

語短文，內(nèi)容包括：

1.你的專業(yè)選擇和職業(yè)規(guī)劃；

2.陳述你的理由。

注意：

試卷第8頁，總10頁

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

MyCareerPlan

六、讀后續(xù)寫

47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

GodzillaKong,ascienceteacherfromYulee,Florida,enteredpanicmodewhenhe

reachedthecashregisteratWalmartandrealizedhiswalletwasmissing.Fortunatelyhehad

somesmallcashinthewallettocompletehispurchase.Buthiswalletcontainedother

necessitiessuchashisdriver'slicense,militaryIDandseveralbankcards.Hewasin

extremelylowspiritswhenhethoughtofthelowlikelihoodofrecoveringit.

Whileathomepreparingfortomorrow'slessons,heheardsomeknocksonthefrontdoor.

Pullingopenthedoor,hesawamaninragsstandingbeforehim,hisrighthandgraspinga

wallet.AndKongsawthatalthoughhewastremblingbecauseofthecoldweather,therewas

acharmingsmileonhisface.nYoumustbeMr.KongJtheunidentifiedmansaidwith

sparklingeyes,addingthathefoundhiswalletatWalmart.Hearingthis,Godzillacouldn't

controlhisexcitement,amazedbythestrangefswillingnesstopersonallydeliverhiswalletto

hishome.nWowthisisunbelievable!Youareso...sweet!*'Godzillarespondedwithemotions.

ThenthemanaskedGodzillatocheckoutthewalletandmakesureeverythingwasinside.

Withabriefinspectionandabeatingheart,Godzillafoundallthestuffwasstationed

insidesafeandsound."Hey,brother!Thankslionforreturning...mywallet!Youare

my...guardian,"Godzillasaidwithachokingvoice,tearsrollingdownhisface.MIfsnobig

deal.Ijustdidwhatotherswouldhavedoneinmyposition/theraggedmanreplied,readyto

leave.ButGodzillawasdetenninedtoinvitethisvirtuousmaninsidetohaveacupofcoffee

toshowhisgratitude,whichtheraggedmandidn'tdecline.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

InsidethehouseGodzillaknewhisnamewasUltraman.

Godzillasharedthestorytosocialmediaanditbecamepopular.

試卷第9頁，總10頁

試卷第10頁，總10頁

參考答案

1.C

2.D

3.B

【分析】

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章講述了如何獲得采訪《紐約時報》暢銷書作家J.Elle的方法，同時提

到J.Elle的作品并對J.Elle做了簡要的介紹。

1.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InadditiontoyourprivateonlineZoominterview,youwillalsowina

printcopyofherbook,WingsofEbony,aPDFcopyofthebook,andthechancetohaveyour

interviewpublishedinTeenInk.”（除了你的在線私人采訪，你還會贏得她的書《烏木之翼》的pdf

版，還有機會讓你的采訪出版在雜志TeenInk。）可知，獲勝者會得到《烏木之翼》的PDF版。

選項C與文意相符，故選C項。

2.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HowtoEnter”部分中"Wewillbechoosingthewinnerbasedonthesequestions

sodoyourbest!”（我們將根據(jù)這些問題來選出獲勝者，所以盡你們所能吧！）可知，獲勝者的

選擇是根據(jù)問題來選出來的。選項D與文意相符，故選D項。

3.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Shedrewinspirationfbrthenovelfromherownexperience

growinguppoor,whichisclearlyreflectedinherbook."（她從自己貧窮的成長經(jīng)歷中得到了靈感,

這在她的書中得到了清楚的反映。）可知，她從貧窮的經(jīng)歷中得到了靈感，這點在她的書中得

到了體現(xiàn)。選項B與文意相符，故選B項。

4.D

5.C

6.A

7.B

【分析】

這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章介紹了堅強女孩凱利，即使是身上有兩個造口袋，她依然能樂觀

試卷第11頁，總13頁

面對，因為她認為生活中有些困難，并不意味著你不能成功。我們有能力改變世界，改變生

活。

4.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhenKileywas10yearsold,shegaveaspecialFather'sDaygiftto

herfathertoexpresshergratitude,whichwastodancewithhimathertalentshowatschool.（凱利

10歲的時候，她送給父親一份特別的父親節(jié)禮物，以表達她的感激之情，那就是在學校的才

藝表演上和他跳舞廠可知，凱利決定和她爸爸跳舞是為了給父親一份特別的父親節(jié)禮物，以表

達她的感激之情。故選D。

5.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Atonlyfifteen,KileysetupEnhancingChildren'sLivesOrganization,a

foundationdedicatedtohelpinglow-incomechildren,providingthemwithbackpacksfilledwith

schoolsupplies,shoesclothingandevenfbod.（只有十五歲的凱利就成立了“改善兒童生活組織”，

這是一個致力于幫助低收入家庭兒童的基金會，為他們提供裝滿學習用品、鞋子、衣服甚至

食物的背包）”可知，低收入家庭的孩子們可以從基金會得到裝滿學習用品的背包。故選C。

6.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inthevideo,thelittlegirlwassmilingfromeartoear.（在視頻里，小

女孩笑得合不攏嘴）“可以推知,凱利是樂觀的?！癟ruetothelyrics,Kileyisastrongandinspiring

overcomer.（和歌詞里講到一樣，凱利是一個強大的又鼓舞人心的征服者）”可知，凱利是鼓舞人

心的。故選A。

7.

推理判斷題。結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段中“Shehasproventhatnoteventhebiggestproblemintheworld

couldwipeawaythesmilefromherfhce!（她已經(jīng)證明，即使是世界上最大的問題，也無法抹去

她臉上的笑容！廣可以推知，在凱利身上，可以看到笑容是可以戰(zhàn)勝苦難的，即笑容是有力量

的。故選B。

8.B

9.C

10.D

11.A

【分析】

試卷第12頁，總13頁

這是一篇說明文。研究表明：經(jīng)常打鼓的人在大腦結(jié)構(gòu)和功能上與不愛音樂的人不同，在大

腦兩半球之間的主要連接區(qū)域，打鼓的人的纖維較少，但較厚。同時他們的運動大腦區(qū)域組

織得更有效率。

8.

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Drummerscandothingsthatareimpossibleforuntrained

people."（鼓手可以做未經(jīng)訓練的人做不到的事。）可知，相比那些未經(jīng)訓練的人而言，這些鼓

手可以做他們不能完成的事，所以這些鼓手已經(jīng)超越了他們。因而本段劃線詞的含義為“超越”,

選項B.“Gobeyond”，意為“超越”，符合題意，故選B。

9.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresearcherstested20professionaldrummerswhohaveplayed

theirinstrumentforanaverageof17yearsandcurrentlypracticeformorethantenhoursperweek.

TheyexaminedthemusingvariousMRIimagingtechniquesthatprovideinsightsintothestructure

andfunctionofthebrain.Theythencomparedthedatawithmeasurementsof24unmusicalcontrol

subjects.BothgroupshadtoplaydrumstotesttheirabilitiesandwerethenexaminedintheMRI

scanner.”（研究人員測試了20名專業(yè)鼓手，他們平均彈奏這種樂器17年，目前每周練習超過

10小時。他們用各種核磁共振成像技術(shù)檢查了他們，這些技術(shù)提供了對大腦結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的深

入了解。然后，他們將這些數(shù)據(jù)與24名非音樂控制實驗對象的測量結(jié)果進行比較。兩組都要

敲鼓來測試他們的能力，然后在核磁共振掃描儀上進行檢查。）可知，研究人員通過敲鼓測試

20名專業(yè)鼓手和24名非音樂控制實驗對象的能力，然后利用核磁共振掃描儀上進行檢查，來

識別訓練引起的大腦變化。選項C與文意相符，故選C。

10.

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Drummerspresentedcleardifferencesinthefrontpartofthecorpus

callosum（月并月氐體）responsibleformotorplanning.Thedataindicatedthatthedrummershadfewer

butthickerfibersinthisimportantconnectingtract.Thisallowsmusicianstoexchangeinformation

betweenthehemispheresmorequicklythanthecontrols.,,（鼓手在負責運動計劃的肺月氐體前部表

現(xiàn)出明顯的差異。數(shù)據(jù)顯示鼓手在這個重要的連接部位，有較少但較厚的纖維。這使得音樂

家比控制體可以更快地在兩個腦半球之間交換信息。）可以推知，在大腦中，鼓手們處理信息

的能力會更快，更有效。選項D.“Theyhavemoreefficientbrainorganization.”（他們的大腦組織

更有效率。）與文章意思相符，故選D。

11.

試卷第13頁，總13頁

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Peoplewhoplaydrumsregularlyforyearsdifferfromunmusical

peopleintheirbrainstructureandfunction.TheresultsofastudybyresearchersfromBochum

suggestthattheyhavefewer,butthickerfibersinthemainconnectingtractbetweenthebrain

hemispheres（半球）.Inaddition,theirmotorbrainareasareorganizedmoreefficiently.（經(jīng)常打鼓

的人在大腦結(jié)構(gòu)和功能上與不愛音樂的人不同。來自Bochum的研究人員的一項研究結(jié)果表明,

在大腦兩半球之間的主要連接區(qū)域，它們的纖維較少，但較厚。此外，他們的運動大腦區(qū)域

組織得更有效率。）同時結(jié)合第三段中研究人員通過比較專業(yè)鼓手和非音樂人士的數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)

專業(yè)鼓手的大腦處理信息能力更有效?？芍?，本文主要講述打鼓會使人的大腦區(qū)域的組織變

得更有效。所以短文的最佳標題為“打鼓能改變大腦”。故選A。

12.B

13.A

14.C

15.D

【分析】

這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了真菌皮革相比動物皮革的優(yōu)勢特點，同時也提到生產(chǎn)真菌皮革

在耐久性和生物降解性之間也要取得平衡。

12.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Mycelium（菌體絲）,thefibrousrootsoffungi（真菌）,isbeingmadeinto

durableclothesandbagswithalowercarboncostthananimaVsskinorplastic,andit'samaterial

thatwon'tpileupinlandfills.Whileproductsmadefromitaren*tavailabletobuyyet,industry

expertssaythematerialhasgreatpotentialtoinfluencethemarketforanimalandsynthetic（合成

的leathers.Andithasauniquelookandfeel.”（菌絲體，真菌的纖維根部，正被制成耐用的衣服

和包裝袋，其碳成本比動物皮膚和塑料還低，而且這種材料不會堆積在垃圾填埋場。雖然用

這種材料制成的產(chǎn)品目前還無法購買，但業(yè)內(nèi)專家表示，這種材料很有可能影響動物皮革和

合成皮革的市場。它的外觀和感覺都很獨特。）可以推知，使用菌體絲這種材料做成的產(chǎn)品外

觀和感覺都很獨特，可能會影響動物皮革和合成皮革的市場。即這種產(chǎn)品有潛在的市場。選

項B與文意相符，故選B。

13.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Leatherproductionreliesonskinfromcattleandsheep,whoseraisingis

試卷第14頁，總13頁

amajorsourceofgreenhousegasemissions.Leatherprocessingalsousesdangerouschemicalsand

generateslargemountsofwastefromtreatingrawskin.Bycontrast,fungi*sgrowthiseffectively

carbonneutralsincetheycatchandstorecarbonthatwouldotherwisebeemittedorremaininthe

atmosphere,accordingtoNature.Pureanduntreatedfungi-leatheralsobreaksdowneasily.''（皮革生

產(chǎn)依賴于牛羊皮，而牛羊皮飼養(yǎng)是溫室氣體排放的主要來源。皮革加工過程也使用危險化學

品，處理生皮時產(chǎn)生大量廢物。相比之下，真菌的生長實際上是碳中性的，因為根據(jù)自然規(guī)

律，它們捕捉并儲存本來會排放或留在大氣中的碳。純的和未經(jīng)處理的真菌皮革也很容易分

解。）可知，本段主要通過對比真菌皮革和動物皮革在生產(chǎn)中所用到的材料來說明各自的特點。

選項A與文意相符，故選A。

14.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“California-basedMckinoisperhapsclosesttoproducinga

commerciallyavailableproductcalledReishi."Ithasthesamequalityandartisticvalueasanimal

leatheranditwillbelaunchedinpartnershipwithtopbrandsinthecomingmonths,'*saidSophia

Wang,thecompany'sco?founder.”（加利福尼亞州的麥金諾公司，或許正在生產(chǎn)一種近似的商用

產(chǎn)品，叫做Reishi。該公司聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人索菲亞?王表示：“它具有像動物皮革同樣的質(zhì)量和藝術(shù)

價值，將在未來幾個月與頂級品牌合作推出?！埃┛芍?，對于產(chǎn)品Reishi,索菲亞認為其有像

動物皮革同樣的質(zhì)量和藝術(shù)價值。選項C.“SophiahasconfidenceinReishi.”（索菲亞對Reishi.

很有信心。）與文意一致，故選C。

15.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Veganleather（純素皮）,acruelty-freeandenvironment-friendly

substituteforanimalleatherhaslongbeentheultimategoalofsustainablefashion.Now,an

alternativemaybemakingthejumpfromthelabtocupboards,anditssourcemaysurprisemany

people:thefbrestfloor.”（素食皮革，一種無殘忍和環(huán)保的動物皮革替代品，長期以來一直是可

持續(xù)時尚的終極目標?，F(xiàn)在，一種替代物可能正在從實驗室跳躍到櫥柜，它的來源可能會讓

許多人感到驚訝：真菌皮革。）同時結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段索菲亞公司的產(chǎn)品Reishi的特點描述，可

知真菌皮革可能會影響人們的生活方式。所以本文可能在報紙的生活方式的版面出現(xiàn)。選項D

符合題意，故選D。

16.F

17.C

試卷第15頁，總13頁

18.A

19.D

20.B

【分析】

這是一篇說明文。文章講述了如何享受更充實的生活的一些方法和策略。

16.

根據(jù)前文“Prioritizingyourownneedsiswhatallowsyoutorunsmoothlyandtobringyourbestto

yourotherprioritiesandchallenges.（優(yōu)先考慮你自己的需要，這樣你才能順利地運行，才能最大

限度地應(yīng)對其他的優(yōu)先事項和挑戰(zhàn)）“及后文"Therefbre,dontexpecttogetitperfectortosee

instantbenefits因此，不要期望它完美無缺，也不要期望它立竿見影廠可知，優(yōu)先考慮需要的

事，才會應(yīng)對其他的優(yōu)先事項和挑戰(zhàn)。所以空白處描述的為要學會優(yōu)先考慮需要的事。F選項

''Actually,learningtoprioritizeyourownneedsisaprocess.（事實上，學會優(yōu)先考慮自己的需求是

一個過程）”與前文在意義上一致，故選Fo

17.

根據(jù)前文“Startclaiming10-15minutesadayforyourself.Itwon*ttakeawayfromyour

productivity;itwillincreaseit（開始每天花10-15分鐘給自己，這不會減少你的工作效率，反而

會增加工作效率）”提到了花時間給自己帶來的好處，所以空白處應(yīng)該接著上文談要使用這些時

間。C選項“Usethistimetoconnectwithyourself.（利用這段時間和自己溝通）”與文意一致，故選

Co

18.

根據(jù)前文“Don'tskipbreakfast,haveaplanforlunch,anddon'tstarveyourselfbeforedinner.（不要

不吃早餐，午餐有計劃，晚飯前不要餓著自己）”可知，此處講不要錯過三餐，所以空白處可以

作為總說這樣你就不會使自己挨餓。A選項"N。starvationdiets.（沒有饑餓節(jié)食）”與文意一致，

故選Ao

19.

根據(jù)前文“Cutthemultitasking.（切斷多任務(wù)處理）”及后文“Practicefocusingondoingonethingat

atime.（練習一次只做一件事）”可知，此處可以闡述多任務(wù)帶來的后果。D選項“Itstressesusout

andmakesuslesse