四川省仁壽第一中學(xué)北校區(qū)2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期6月考試題含解析

四川省仁壽第一中學(xué)北校區(qū)2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期6月考試

題（含解析）

考試時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分

第I卷

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳

選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對

話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatkindofcarwillthespeakersbuy?

A.Theonewithfourdoors.

B.Theonewithtwodoors.

C.Theoneinred.

2.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?

A.Toconfirmabooking.

B.Tomakeabooking.

C.Tochangeabooking.

3.Whatwillthemanprobablydotoday?

A.Askforsickleave.

B.Seeadoctorafterwork.

C.Invitehismanagertohishouse.

4.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.OnSaturday.B.OnSunday.C.OnMonday.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Ateacher.B.Anexam.C.Chemistry.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選

項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽

完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.HowwillthespeakersgotothenewItalianplace?

A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.

7.WhatwillRobdotonight?

A.Eatout.B.Meetfriends.C.FlytoLondon.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題

8.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

A.Aweekendplan.

B.Adeliciouspicnic.

C.Thebeautifulscenery.

9.Whatdidthewomanintendtodo?

A.Walkalongthepark.

B.Stayathome.

C.Attendaconcert.

10.WhatisthewomanJsattitudetowardclimbingintheend?

A.Worried.B.Excited.C.Tired.

聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。

11.Whatcolortiedoesthewomanthinkmatchestheman'sjacket?

A.Green.B.Black.C.Red.

12.Whydoesn'tthewomanlikehighheels?

A.Theyaren'tbeautiful.

B.Theyareuncomfortabletowear.

C.Theydon'tmatchthedress.

13.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?

A.Heknowsacafenearby.

B.Hecan'tdecidewhattobuy.

C.Hedoesn'twanttogoonshopping.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.Howmanypeoplewerethereonthetrain?

A.17.B.18.C.20.

15.Whydidthebuslosecontrol?

A.Ithadafault.

B.Itcaughtfireinside.

C.Theroadwaswet.

16.Whatwastheresultofthecaraccident?

A.Thecar'sfueltankexploded.

B.Thecarcrashedintowater.

C.Francbrokehisarm.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whendidthestudentsgettoschool?

A.At4:30.B.At5:00.C.At5:30.

18.Howdidthespeakerfeelwhenthecoacharrived?

A.Excited.B.Tired.C.Sad.

19.Whatdidthespeakergetforhersister?

A.Adress.B.Abag.C.AT-shirt.

20.Whatdidthespeakerlikebestaboutthistrip?

A.Theboattrip.

B.Thecomfortablehotel.

C.Theshoppingexperience.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上

將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

TheGuidetoRidingaSanFranciscoCableCar

CableCarHistory

ThecablecarwasintroducedtoSanFranciscoonAugust2,1873.Throughoutthe

1890s,eightcompaniesoperated600carswhichcovered21cablecarroutes.The1906

earthquakedestroyedmostofthecablecarsystem.Now,only37cablecarsremain

withthreelinesinoperation.Allcarsareartisticworksastheyaremadeand

handledbyhand!

Cablecarsaren,tjustfortourists!Theyareanessentialpartofthecity's

publictransportsystem.Theyarethecity'sonlymovinghistoriclandmarks.

TheCableCarLines

Powell-masonLine(Yellowsignsoncar):BeginsatMarketStreetturnaround,

andendsatFisherman'sWharfEastEnd(BayStreetturnaround).

Stops:Downtown(MarketStreet),UnionSquare,NobHill,Chinatown,CableCar

Museum,NorthBeachandFisherman'sWharf(BayStreet).

Powell-hydeLine(Redsignsoncar):BeginsatMarketStreetturnaroundandends

atFisherman'sWharfWestEnd(HydeStreetturnaround).

Stops:Downtown(MarketStreet),UnionSquare,NobHill,Chinatown,CableCar

Museum,RussianHill,Fisherman'sWharf(westend),andHydeStreet.

CaliforniaStreetLine:RunsEast-westfromVanNessAvenuetotheFinancial

District.

Stops:VanNessAvenue,PolkStreet,NobHill,Chinatown.

Fares

Tickets(singleride):canbepurchasedatturnaroundsorfromtheconductorwith

cashasyouboard.

Adult&Youth:$7eachway.Senior(ages65+)&Disabled:$3eachway

Passes:areperfectforvisitorstothecity,andallowunlimitedridingfor

one,three,orsevendaysonMUNIcablecars,streetcarsandbuses.

OneDay:$23;ThreeDays:$34;SevenDays:$45

Fastpasses(OneMonth):allowunlimitedridingforonemonthonMUNIcablecars,

streetcarsandbuses.

Adult(ages18—64):$78;Youth(ages5—17),Senior(ages65+)andDisabled:$39

1.WhatdoweknowaboutSanFranciscocablecars?

A.Theyoperateautomatically.B.Theyarejustavailablefor

tourists.

C.Theyhavebecomeauniquesight.D.Theyhaveahistoryofover200

years.

2.Whatdothethreecablecarlineshaveincommon?

A.Theyendatthesamestop.B.TheyrunthroughChinatown.

C.Theircarsareofthesamecolor.D.Theirroutesareequalin

length.

3.Howmuchwillacoupleof70payfortheirfastpasses?

A.$23,B.$39,C.$45.D.$78.

【答案】LC2.B3.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇舊金山纜車乘坐指南，介紹了纜車歷史、纜車線路

及票價(jià)等。

【1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Cablecarsaren,tjustfortourists!Theyarean

essentialpartofthecity'spublictransportsystem.Theyarethecity'sonly

movinghistoriclandmarks.（纜車不只是供游客使用的!它們是城市公共交通系統(tǒng)的重要組

成部分。它們是這座城市唯一的移動(dòng)歷史地標(biāo)。）”可推斷，纜車已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)?shù)匾环N獨(dú)特的

景觀。故答案為Co

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。比較三條線路的?？奎c(diǎn)可以看出，它們都途徑Chinatowno故答案為B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句"Senior（ages65+）andDisabled:$3.老年人（65歲以上）

和殘疾人：$39）”可知，超過65歲的老人每人票價(jià)為$39,那么一對70歲的夫婦應(yīng)該支付

2*$39=$78。故答案為Do

B

Desperatetoprotecthisfarmlandfromagroupofmonkeysthatwerealways

destroyinghiscrops,afarmerinKarnatakasIndiadecidedtopainthisdogtolook

likeatigerinthehopethatitwouldscarethemonkeysaway.

SrikantGowda,afarmerfromKarnatakasShivamoggaregion,recentlymade

interactionalnewsheadlinesafteritwasreportedthatheusedhairdyetopaint

hiswatchdoginthecharacteristicstripesofatiger.Thedogalreadyhadareddish

haircolor,soallhehadtodowasaddtheblackstripesandsomewhitetogive

itthetigerlook.Itwasn*tthatGowdahadalwayswantedtoownatiger,butthat

hehopedthedisguise（喬裝）wouldhelpthedogdriveawaythemonkeysdestroying

hiscrops.

TheIndianfarmertoldreportersthathegottheideafouryearsagowhenhe

visitedUttaraKannadaandcameacrossafarmerinBhatkalwhowasusingafaketiger

dolltoscareawaymonkeys.Itseemedsilly,buthetriedtheideahimselfandwas

surprisedtoseethatitactuallyworked.However,hewasconvincedthatthetoy

tigerwouldn'tfoolthemonkeysforlong,sohedecidedtotrysomethingelseas

well.

Thetrick,strangeasitmightseem,hasworkedwellandthedoghasbeenable

toactuallyscareoffthemonkeys.

ThisyearGowdanotonlyusedhairdyetomakehiswatchdoglooklikeasmall

tiger,buthealsoplacedlargepostersofrealtigersandhisownfaketigerall

overhisfarmland,hopingthattheywouldkeepthemonkeysatbay.Thepaintjob

actuallydoesn,tharmthedog.It'sactuallyhairdye（染發(fā)齊ij）andlastsuptoa

monthbeforefadingaway.

4.Whatdidthefannerdecidetodotoprotecthiscrops?

A.RaisesometigersB.Drawadogliketiger

C.SettrapsforthemonkeysD.Makeuphisdogasatiger.

5.WheredidSrikantGowdagethisinspiration?

A.Fromatrip.B.Fromafriend

C.Fromatoy.D.FromtheInternet

6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thedyecandoharmtodogs.

B.Theupaintjob“willlastforonlyamonth.

C.Moredogsarelikelytobepaintedliketigers.

D.Monkeyswillneverstopdestroyingcrops.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.FarmerIsFriendlytoAnimals

B.FarmerIsGoodatDrawingTigers

C.FarmerProtectsHisCropsfromAnimals

D.FarmerPaintsHisDogasaTigertoScareAwayMonkeys

【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了來自印度Karnatakas的一位農(nóng)民為了保護(hù)自己的農(nóng)田

不受猴子的侵害，把自家的狗涂成老虎的故事。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一自然段“Desperatetoprotecthisfarmlandfromagroupof

monkeysthatwerealwaysdestroyinghiscrops,afarmerinKarnatakasIndiadecided

topainthisdogtolooklikeatigerinthehopethatitwouldscarethemonkeys

away.（印度卡納塔卡斯的一位農(nóng)民為了保護(hù)自己的農(nóng)田免受一群猴子的侵害，決定把自己的

狗涂成老虎的樣子，希望能把猴子嚇跑）”可知，這位農(nóng)民把自家的狗涂成老虎的樣子，希

望把猴子嚇跑。故此題選D。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三自然段"TheIndianfarmertoldreportersthathegotthe

ideafouryearsagowhenhevisitedUttaraKannadaandcameacrossafarmerinBhatkal

whowasusingafaketigerdolltoscareawaymonkeys.（這名印度農(nóng)民告訴記者，他

四年前在參觀烏塔拉卡納達(dá)時(shí)就有了這個(gè)想法，在巴特卡爾遇到一個(gè)農(nóng)民，他用一個(gè)假老虎

娃娃嚇跑猴子）”可知，這位農(nóng)民是四年前，在烏塔拉卡納達(dá)的旅途中得到的靈感。故此題

選Ao

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話"It'sactuallyhairdyeandlastsuptoamonth

beforefadingaway.（它實(shí)際上是染發(fā)劑，可以持續(xù)一個(gè)月，直到褪色）”可知，涂色的本

質(zhì)是染色，一個(gè)月后染料就會(huì)褪去。由此推知，將狗涂色成老虎只能維持一個(gè)月。故此題選

Bo

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一自然段“Desperatetoprotecthisfarmlandfromagroupof

monkeysthatwerealwaysdestroyinghiscrops,afarmerinKarnatakasIndiadecided

topainthisdogtolooklikeatigerinthehopethatitwouldscarethemonkeys

away.（印度卡納塔卡斯的一位農(nóng)民為了保護(hù)自己的農(nóng)田免受一群猴子的侵害，決定把自己的

狗涂成老虎的樣子，希望能把猴子嚇跑)”可知，全文圍繞一位農(nóng)民將狗涂色成老虎，來驅(qū)

趕猴子保護(hù)莊稼展開，講述了這一靈感的產(chǎn)生以及如何將狗進(jìn)行染色。所以D項(xiàng)“Farmer

PaintsHisDogasaTigertoScareAwayMonkeys(農(nóng)夫把狗涂成老虎來嚇跑猴子)”為

最佳標(biāo)題。故此題選D。

C

ThelandercarryingChina'sfirstMarsroversuccessfullytoucheddownonthe

redplanetearlySaturdaymorningBeijingTimeMay15,2021.Itisthefirsttime

ChinahaslandedaprobeonaplanetotherthanEarth.

Tianwen-1,consistingofanorbiter,alanderandarover,waslaunchedfrom

theWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSiteonthecoastofsouthernChina'sislandprovince

ofHainanonJuly23,2020.ThisisthefirststepinChina,splanetaryexploration

ofthesolarsystem,withthepurposeofcompletingorbiting,landingandroving

ontheredplanetinonemission.

ThenameTianwen,meaning“questionstoHeaven”,comesfromapoemwritten

bytheancientChinesepoetQuYuan(about340-278BC).China'sfirstMarsrover

isnamedZhurongafterthegodoffireinancientChinesemythology,whichechoes

withtheChinesenameoftheredplanet:Huoxing(theplanetoffire).

Tianwen-1waslaunchedviaaLongMarch-5rocket,China/slargestlaunch

vehicle.Tianwen-1hasbeentravelinginspacefornearly10months.Ithascarried

outfourorbitalcorrectionsandadeep-spacemaneuver.Ithadflown475million

kmandwas192millionkmfromEarthwhenitreachedMarsorbit.

Thecraft?splummetthroughtheMartianatmosphere,lastingaboutnineminutes,

wasextremelycomplicatedwithnogroundcontrol,andhadtobeperformedbythe

spacecraftautonomously.

“Suchachallengingattemptischaracterizedbyasuccessionofcomplex

activitiesthatmustbeconductedcompletelybythespacecraftwithinaveryshort

periodoftime,"saidGengYan,anofficialwiththeLunarExplorationandSpace

ProgramCenteroftheCNSA."Whataddedtothedifficultieswasthatwedon,tknow

muchabouttheMartianatmosphere,whichbroughtalotofuncertaintiestothe

mission.Eachstephadonlyonechance,andtheactionswerecloselylinked.Ifthere

hadbeenanyflaw,thelandingwouldhavefailed.”

8.WhatisthemissionofTianwen-1?

A.TorecordthewindspeedonMars.B.Toaccomplishthreemajortasks

onMars.

C.Tosearchforaliensinthesolarsystem.D.Toexploretheatmosphereof

Mars.

9.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph4mainlyindicate?

A.Theexpenseoftravelinginspace.B.ThesurroundingsoftheMars

orbit.

C.ThehugetaskofTianwen-l.D.ThesizeoftheLongMarch-5

rocket.

10.Whywasitdifficultforthespacecrafttoplummet?

A.Ithadtocompletetheactionsindependently.B.Itwastoofasttobe

controlled.

C.Ithadtraveledinspaceforaverylongtime.D.Itcarriedtoomany

supplies.

11.WhatcanweknowfromGengYan'swords?

A.LandingonMarsisaverychallengingmove.

B.China'sattempttoexploreMarsissuccessful.

C.Peopleareenthusiasticaboutexploringtheuniverse.

D.Tianwen-1isessentialtoChina'sspacestationprogram.

【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了搭載中國首個(gè)火星探測器的著陸器“天問一

號”成功著陸在紅色星球上，這是中國第一次在地球以外的行星上著陸探測器，文章介紹了

“天問一號”的任務(wù)、名字由來以及任務(wù)的艱巨性。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThisisthefirststepinChina,splanetaryexploration

ofthesolarsystem,withthepurposeofcompletingorbiting,landingandroving

ontheredplanetinonemission.（這是中國對太陽系進(jìn)行行星探索的第一步，目的是一

次性完成對這顆紅色星球的軌道運(yùn)行、著陸和漫游任務(wù)）”可知，“天問一號”的任務(wù)是在

火星上完成三項(xiàng)主要任務(wù)。故選B。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中^Tianwen-1waslaunchedviaaLongMarch-5rocket,China's

largestlaunchvehicle.Tianwen-1hasbeentravelinginspacefornearly10months.

Ithascarriedoutfourorbitalcorrectionsandadeep-spacemaneuver.Ithadflown

475millionkmandwas192millionkmfromEarthwhenitreachedMarsorbit.（天

問一號是通過長征五號火箭發(fā)射的，這是中國最大的運(yùn)載火箭?！疤靻栆惶枴币呀?jīng)在太空中

飛行了近10個(gè)月。它已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了四次軌道修正和一次深空飛行。它飛行了4.75億公里，

到達(dá)火星軌道時(shí)距離地球有1.92億公里）”可推知，第四段的數(shù)字主要為了表明天問一號的

艱巨任務(wù)。故選C。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Thecraft?splummetthroughtheMartianatmosphere,

lastingaboutnineminutes,wasextremelycomplicatedwithnogroundcontrol,and

hadtobeperformedbythespacecraftautonomously.（飛船在火星大氣層中持續(xù)了約9

分鐘的俯沖，過程極其復(fù)雜，沒有地面控制，必須由飛船自主完成）”可知，宇宙飛船很難

俯沖是因?yàn)樗仨毆?dú)立完成行動(dòng)。故選A。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"Suchachallengingattemptischaracterizedbya

successionofcomplexactivitiesthatmustbeconductedcompletelybythespacecraft

withinaveryshortperiodoftime,““Whataddedtothedifficultieswasthat

wedon'tknowmuchabouttheMartianatmosphere,whichbroughtalotof

uncertaintiestothemission.Eachstephadonlyonechance,andtheactionswere

closelylinked.Iftherehadbeenanyflaw,thelandingwouldhavefailed."（“這

樣一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的嘗試的特點(diǎn)是一系列復(fù)雜的活動(dòng)，必須在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完全由航天器完

成。我們對火星大氣了解不多，這給任務(wù)帶來了很多不確定性，這加大了難度。每一步都只

有一次機(jī)會(huì)，而且這些行動(dòng)是緊密相連的。如果有任何缺陷，著陸就會(huì)失敗?！埃笨赏浦?，

耿巖的話表明登陸火星是一個(gè)非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的舉動(dòng)。故選Ao

D

Self-drivingcarsarejustaroundthecorner.Suchvehicleswillmakegetting

fromoneplacetoanothersaferandlessstressful.Theyalsocouldcutdownon

traffic,reducepollutionandlimitaccidents.Buthowshoulddriverlesscarshandle

emergencies?Peopledisagreeontheanswer.Andthatmightputthebrakesonthis

technology,anewstudyconcludes.

Tounderstandthechallenge,imagineacarthatsuddenlymeetssomepedestrians

intheroad.Evenwithbraking,it'stoolatetoavoidacrash.Sothecar's

artificialintelligencemustdecidewhethertotakeasharpturn.Tosavethe

pedestrians,shouldthecarswerve(突然轉(zhuǎn)向)offtheroadorswerveintooncoming

traffic?Whatifsuchoptionswouldlikelykillthecar,spassengers?

ResearchersusedonlinesurveystostudypeopleJsattitudesaboutsuch

situationswithdriverlesscars.Surveyparticipantsmostlyagreedthatdriverless

carsshouldbedesignedtoprotectthemostpeople.Thatincludedswervingintowalls

(orotherwisesacrificingtheirpassengers)tosavealargernumberofpedestrians.

Butthereisadilemma.Thosesamesurveyedpeoplewanttorideincarsthatprotect

passengersatallcosts—evenifthepedestrianswouldnowendupdying.Jean

BonnefonisapsychologistattheToulouseSchoolofEconomicsinFrance.Heand

hiscolleaguesreportedtheirfindingsinScience.

uAutonomouscarscancompletelychangetransportationv,saysstudycoauthor

IyadRahwan.But,headds,thisnewtechnologycreatesamoraldilemmathatcould

slowitsacceptance.

Makersofdriverlesscarsareinatoughspot,Bonnefon'sgroupwarns.Most

buyerswouldwanttheircartobeprogrammedtoprotecttheminpreferencetoother

people.However,regulationsmightonedayinstructthatcarsmustactforthe

greatergood.Thatwouldmeansavingthemostpeople.Butthescientiststhinkrules

likethiscoulddriveawaybuyers.Ifso,allthepotentialbenefitsofdriverless

carswouldbelost.

Compromisesmightbepossible,KurtGraysays.Heisapsychologistatthe

UniversityofNorthCarolina.Hethinksthatevenifalldriverlesscarsare

programmedtoprotecttheirpassengersinemergencies,trafficaccidentswill

decrease.Thosevehiclesmightbedangeroustopedestriansonrareoccasions.But

they"won'tspeed,won'tdrivedrunkandwon'ttextwhiledriving,whichwould

beawinforsociety.”

12.Theunderlinedword“challenge”inparagraph2refersto.

A.people'snegativeattitudestowardsself-drivingcars

B.thetechnicalproblemsthatself-drivingcarshave

C.howself-drivingcarscopewithsuddendangerousevents

D.howself-drivingcarsreducetrafficaccidents

13.Accordingtothetext,onlinesurveysshowthat.

A.self-drivingcars,artificialintelligenceneedsimprovement

B.thebusytrafficmaybeaproblemforself-drivingcars

C.self-drivingcarsshouldbedesignedtoprotectdrivers

D.peopleareinamoraldilemmaaboutdriverlesscars

14.Whatcanwelearnfromthefifthparagraph?

A.Regulationsareinfavourofdrivers.

B.Self-drivingcarmakersareinadifficultsituation.

C.Mostpeopledislikeself-drivingcarsnow.

D.Thepotentialbenefitsofdriverlesscarsareignored.

15.WhatisKurtGray,sattitudetowardself-drivingcars?

A.Favorable.B.Doubtful.

CCritical.D.Disapproving.

【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講述人們對于無人駕駛汽車在遇到緊急情況時(shí)是先保護(hù)

行人還是先保護(hù)乘客的問題上陷入了道德困境，這將減慢人們對它的接受速度。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Buthowshoulddriverlesscarshandleemergencies?People

disagreeontheanswer.Andthatmightputthebrakesonthistechnology,anewstudy

concludes.（但是無人駕駛汽車應(yīng)該如何處理緊急情況呢？人們對答案意見不一。一項(xiàng)新的

研究得出結(jié)論，這可能會(huì)阻礙這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。）”和第二段劃線詞所在句"Tounderstand

thechallenge,imagineacarthatsuddenlymeetssomepedestriansintheroad.

（為了理解這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，想象一輛汽車在路上突然遇到一些行人。）”可知，此處的challenge

（挑戰(zhàn)）主要指的是無人駕駛汽車該如何處理緊急情況，第二段主要是對challenge的描述。

故選C項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Surveyparticipantsmostlyagreedthatdriverlesscarsshould

bedesignedtoprotectthemostpeople.Thatincludedswervingintowalls（or

otherwisesacrificingtheirpassengers）tosavealargernumberofpedestrians.But

thereisadilemma.Thosesamesurveyedpeoplewanttorideincarsthatprotect

passengersatallcosts-evenifthepedestrianswouldnowendupdying.（調(diào)查參

與者大多同意無人駕駛汽車的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該保護(hù)大多數(shù)人。這包括為了拯救更多的行人而撞向墻

壁（或者犧牲乘客）。但有一個(gè)兩難的問題。同樣是這些被調(diào)查者，他們希望乘坐不惜一切

代價(jià)保護(hù)乘客的汽車，即使行人會(huì)因此喪命）”可知，網(wǎng)上調(diào)查表明人們對于無人駕駛汽車

在遇到緊急情況時(shí)是先保護(hù)行人還是先保護(hù)乘客的問題上陷入了道德困境。故選D項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Makersofdriverlesscarsareinatoughspot,Bonnefon,s

groupwarns.Mostbuyerswouldwanttheircartobeprogrammedtoprotectthemin

preferencetootherpeople.However,regulationsmightonedayinstructthatcars

mustactforthegreatergood.Thatwouldmeansavingthemostpeople.（Bonnefon

的小組警告說，無人駕駛汽車制造商處境艱難。大多數(shù)買主都希望他們的車能優(yōu)先于其他人

來保護(hù)自己。然而，法規(guī)也許有一天會(huì)指示汽車必須為更大的利益而行動(dòng)。那就意味著要拯

救大多數(shù)人。）”可知，無人駕駛汽車制造商處境艱難，因?yàn)橘I主的利益和法規(guī)是相沖突的。

故選B項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"Hethinksthatevenifalldriverlesscarsare

programmedtoprotecttheirpassengersinemergencies,trafficaccidentswill

decrease.Thosevehiclesmightbedangeroustopedestriansonrareoccasions.But

they"won'tspeed,won'tdrivedrunkandwon1ttextwhiledriving,whichwould

beawinforsociety.（他認(rèn)為，即使所有的無人駕駛汽車都能在緊急情況下保護(hù)乘客，

交通事故也會(huì)減少。這些車輛在極少數(shù)情況下可能會(huì)對行人造成危險(xiǎn)。但他們“不會(huì)超速，

不會(huì)醉駕，也不會(huì)邊開車邊發(fā)短信，這將是社會(huì)的勝利?！保┛芍琄urtGray認(rèn)為無人

駕駛汽車的優(yōu)勢多于弊端，所以可以推斷他對無人駕駛汽車的態(tài)度是支持的。A.Favorable.

支持的；B.Doubtful.懷疑的;C.Critical.批評的;D.Disapproving.反對的。故選A

項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余

選項(xiàng)。

WAKEUPYOURBRAIN

Itisestimatedthat63percentofussufferfromboredomregularly.Astudy

showedthatfindingwaystointeractwithfamiliarpeople,places,andthingscan

makeeverydayexperiencesfeelexciting.Inotherwords,sometimesyou'vejustgot

toshakethingsup!16?Readon.

Withotherpeoplewecareabout

InsteadofuHowwasyourday?”tryasking“Whatareyoulookingforwardto

today?"or"IsthereanythingIcanhelpyouwiththisweek?”O(jiān)urcuriositycan

remindpeoplethatwe'reinterestedinwhotheyare,andthat'sthekeyto

maintainingaclosepersonalrelationship.17.

Whileyou'reworking

Spendingtoomuchtimeinthesameenvironmentcankeepusfromachieving

“flow"一beingimmersedinanactivitywithful1energyandenjoyment.Changes

don,thavetobebigtomakeanimpact.Moveyourhomeofficetothelibraryor

acoffeeshopafewdaysaweek.18.Forinstance,whenleadingaMonday

meeting,trystartingitwithanon-workdiscussion.

Withyoursignificantother

19.Ithappenswhencouplesstoptakingtheopportunitytogrowand

deeplyconnectwitheachother.Lookfornewchallengestotakeontogether.Try

mixingupdifferentsetsoffriendstodosomethingcreative,suchasagroupcooking

lesson,athemeddinner,oranold-fashionedteaparty.

20

Ifyoudrive,takeadifferentrouteorlistentoanewpodcast.Ifyouwalk

orusepublictransportation,greetastrangerorputawayyourphoneanddosome

peoplewatching.Justremember,whateveryoudotogetridofboredomtoday,try

somethingdifferenttomorrow.

A.Onyourwaytowork

B.Boredomisanemotionalstate

C.Depressionisaseriouscondition

D.Excitementisreplacedwithboredom

E.Approacharoutinetaskinanewway

F.Needsomefreshideastokeeplifefresh

G.Beingcuriousmakesusengagingtobearound

【答案】16.F17.G18.E19.B20.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是說明文。文章主要講了大多數(shù)人們會(huì)受無聊折磨，人們該做出改變使自己變

得興奮以及給出改變的辦法。

【16題詳解】

上文“Itisestimatedthat63percentofussufferfromboredomregularly.Astudy

showedthatfindingwaystointeractwithfamiliarpeople,places,andthingscan

makeeverydayexperiencesfeelexciting.Inotherwords,sometimesyou'vejustgot

toshakethingsup!（據(jù)估計(jì)，63%的人經(jīng)常感到無聊。一項(xiàng)研究表明，找到與熟悉的人、

地方和事物互動(dòng)的方法可以讓日常經(jīng)歷變得令人興奮。換句話說，有時(shí)候你需要改變一

下。）”說明無聊在生活中很普遍，空格處承上啟下，下文每一段的小標(biāo)題是對應(yīng)的解決方

法。F項(xiàng)“Needsomefreshideastokeeplifefresh（需要一些新鮮的想法來保持生活

的新鮮么）”用反問句來引出下文的方法。故選F項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

上文“Ourcuriositycanremindpeoplethatwe'reinterestedinwhotheyare,and

that,sthekeytomaintainingaclosepersonalrelationship.（我們的好奇心可以

提醒別人，我們對他們是誰感興趣，這是保持親密的個(gè)人關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵。）”可知，好奇心可

以吸引別人的注意。G項(xiàng)“Beingcuriousmakesusengagingtobearound（好奇使我們

吸引周圍的人。）”符合題意，Beingcurious與上文中Ourcuriosity相呼應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

上文“Moveyourhomeofficetothelibraryoracoffeeshopafewdaysaweek.

（每周有幾天把你的家庭辦公室搬到圖書館或咖啡店。）”及下文“Forinstance,when

leadingaMondaymeeting,trystartingitwithanon-workdiscussion.（例如，當(dāng)

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)周一的會(huì)議時(shí)，試著以與工作無關(guān)的討論開始。）”可知，更換辦公地點(diǎn)及會(huì)議開始的

話題可以讓氛圍愉悅。E項(xiàng)“Approacharoutinetaskinanewway.（以一種新的方式

處理日常任務(wù)。）”承上啟下，符合題意，對前后的例證有總結(jié)作用。故選E項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

下文“Ithappenswhencouplesstoptakingtheopportunitytogrowanddeeplyconnect

witheachother.Lookfornewchallengestotakeontogether.Trymixingupdifferent

setsoffriendstodosomethingcreative,suchasagroupcookinglesson,athemed

dinner,oranold-fashionedteaparty.（當(dāng)夫妻二人再抓住機(jī)會(huì)彼此成長和加深聯(lián)系時(shí)，

這種情況就會(huì)發(fā)生。一起尋找新的挑戰(zhàn)。試著把不同的朋友聚在一起做一些有創(chuàng)意的事情，

比如一個(gè)集體烹飪課，一個(gè)主題晚餐，或者一個(gè)老式的茶會(huì)。）”說明朋友們聯(lián)系的少的時(shí)

候無聊這種情緒就會(huì)產(chǎn)生，試著跟朋友們做一些有創(chuàng)意的事情也能避免造成無聊。所以這一

段第二句的it指代的是boredomoB項(xiàng)uBoredomisanemotionalstate.（無聊是一種

情緒狀