2024年高考英語(yǔ)核心考點(diǎn)精講精練（新高考專(zhuān)用）考點(diǎn)7 閱讀理解推理判斷之預(yù)測(cè)文章走勢(shì) （教師版）

考點(diǎn)7閱讀理解推理判斷之預(yù)測(cè)文章走勢(shì)（核心考點(diǎn)精講精練）1.2021-2023年三年高考真題考點(diǎn)分布考點(diǎn)題型預(yù)測(cè)文章走勢(shì)閱讀理解2023試卷類(lèi)型設(shè)問(wèn)考點(diǎn)【2023·全國(guó)乙卷】C31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?預(yù)測(cè)文章走勢(shì)2.命題規(guī)律及備考策略【命題規(guī)律】近3年新高考卷對(duì)于閱讀理解中預(yù)測(cè)文章走勢(shì)的考查共計(jì)1次，主要考查：根據(jù)閱讀文章全部?jī)?nèi)容推斷文章的未來(lái)走勢(shì)。預(yù)測(cè)文章走勢(shì)的方法：1.利用文章最后一段的內(nèi)容，預(yù)測(cè)作者未來(lái)要寫(xiě)的方向；2.根據(jù)文章的第一段內(nèi)容，預(yù)測(cè)文章的前面可能寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容；3.理清文章的寫(xiě)作思路，把握文章的重要內(nèi)容及寫(xiě)作方法是預(yù)測(cè)文章走勢(shì)的根本?！緜淇疾呗浴肯到y(tǒng)歸類(lèi)預(yù)測(cè)文章走勢(shì)的方法；熟練掌握閱讀技能?！久}預(yù)測(cè)】學(xué)業(yè)水平考試的是高中生的畢業(yè)考試，高考是國(guó)家選拔創(chuàng)新人才的考試。學(xué)考和高考分開(kāi)考的目的很明確。高考就是選拔性考試，通過(guò)高考英語(yǔ)試題，考查學(xué)生的推理判斷能力和邏輯思維能力及品質(zhì)是重要導(dǎo)向。通過(guò)閱讀理解中，預(yù)測(cè)后文發(fā)展的推理判斷題是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的推理題，在新高考命題中很可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)。判斷依據(jù)是：我們中學(xué)課本中每個(gè)單元都有這樣的閱讀預(yù)測(cè)Predictwhatthetextwillbeabout。因此，預(yù)測(cè)文章走勢(shì)的推理判斷題，2024年高考中將成為高考閱讀理解的重要題型，應(yīng)該倍加注意。【2024年高考命題預(yù)測(cè)】推理判斷之推斷文章走勢(shì)考點(diǎn)是高考中可能考的考點(diǎn)。在當(dāng)今高考的新改革時(shí)代，考查學(xué)生的預(yù)測(cè)推斷是新課標(biāo)中的要求，很有可能在高考中出現(xiàn)。預(yù)測(cè)在2024高考中，推斷文章走勢(shì)有可能在高考閱讀理解中呈現(xiàn)。【推理判斷之預(yù)測(cè)推斷題考點(diǎn)指南】規(guī)律方法：常見(jiàn)的設(shè)問(wèn)方式： 1.Whatwillbediscussedfurtherinthecomingparagraph? 2．Whatmaytheresearchersdonextaccordingtothelastparagraph? 3．Whatwouldtheauthormostprobablydiscussnext?4．Wheredoesthearticlegonext?5.Whatwouldthefollowingparagraphtalkabout?規(guī)律方法：如何解決預(yù)測(cè)推斷題？有些題目要求根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇，對(duì)事件可能的結(jié)局或下一段可能涉及的內(nèi)容等進(jìn)行猜測(cè)推理。做此類(lèi)題目時(shí)，務(wù)必把握作者的寫(xiě)作思路，如文章可能按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過(guò)描寫(xiě)，也可能按因果關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系來(lái)敘述，從而做出比較科學(xué)的、合情合理的預(yù)測(cè)判斷。特別要注意文章最后一段的內(nèi)容及最后幾句話(huà)。1.[2023·全國(guó)乙卷]CWhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine,itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.ItsthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritainsconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUKsobsession(癡迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,itsnolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.()28.WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?A.Itissimpleandplain.B.Itisrichinnutrition.C.Itlacksauthentictastes.D.Itdeservesahighreputation.()29.WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammesonBritishTV?A.Authoritative.B.Creative.C.Profitable.D.Influential.()30.Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A.20%. B.24%.C.25%. D.33%.()31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries.B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK.D.Studiesofbigeaters.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了英國(guó)的電視烹飪節(jié)目對(duì)英國(guó)人的飲食習(xí)慣產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響,很多人開(kāi)始擺脫過(guò)去的飲食習(xí)慣,而且它也改變了人們對(duì)烹飪的看法。28.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Probablyfishandchips,oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine…”可知,提到英國(guó)食物人們想到的可能是炸魚(yú)薯?xiàng)l,或者是周日的肉和兩種蔬菜晚餐。人們通常認(rèn)為英國(guó)食物不太讓人感興趣,給人的印象不那么深刻,即簡(jiǎn)單和普通。故選A項(xiàng)。29.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ItsthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.”及“ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.”可知,電視烹飪節(jié)目上的廚師們讓英國(guó)人遠(yuǎn)離傳統(tǒng)的“一葷兩素”和現(xiàn)成餐食,并開(kāi)始在烹飪習(xí)慣上變得更加冒險(xiǎn),電視節(jié)目似乎幫助改變了人們對(duì)烹飪的看法。由此可推知,英國(guó)電視上的烹飪節(jié)目很有影響力。故選D項(xiàng)。30.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto…”可知,近三分之一的人表示,他們現(xiàn)在使用的配料比過(guò)去的種類(lèi)更多。故選D項(xiàng)。31.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章尾句“WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,itsnolonger‘uncool’forboystolikecooking.”可知,隨著越來(lái)越多的男廚師出現(xiàn)在電視上,男孩喜歡烹飪已經(jīng)不再是“不酷”的事了。由此可推知,接下來(lái)作者可能會(huì)接著討論電視節(jié)目上的男廚師們。故選B項(xiàng)。2.【廣東省茂名市五校聯(lián)盟第二次聯(lián)考】"Hello!"Youtypeintothechatbox.There'saslightfeelingofexcitementflowingthroughyourfingers,andyoucan'twaitforareply.Youthink,"There'sprobablynothingmoreexcitingthanthis."Withcommunicationfromallcornersoftheworldpossibleattheeaseofyourfingers,wearenowwitnesstoanadvancedformofthehandshakeandphysicalconversations:onlinefriendships.Alarmingly,accordingtoInternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershavereceivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheirownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58percentthinkingitdoesn'tcauseconcern.Andthoughsomeparentsmaybebitingtheirfingernailsinfearrightnow,morethanhalfoftheyouthhaveadmittedtomakingtheirfriendsonlineandagoodmajorityregularlytextthem.Thoughthestatisticsaredaunting,wehope,wehaven'tscaredyouoff!Researchersactuallyfoundthatpursuingonlinefriendshipscouldbebeneficial.PennStateUniversityreportedthatthiswasespeciallythecaseforthosewithsocialanxiety,astheymightformastrongercomfortbondwiththeirpeersthroughthescreenratherthanaface-to-facemeeting.Additionally,onlineinteractionmayincreaseyourself-confidence.Inourcurrentsituationofisolation,perhapsthatperfectconnectionfromthesafetyofourhomesisallittakestomakethingsjustalittlemorebearable.Intheend,italldependsonyou.Whetherornotyoursearchforafriendbearsfruitliesinyourapproach,andthoughI'mnotagreatrelationshipmaster,Ihavesometipsthatwillaidyouinyourexplorationforthe"BFF"ofyourdreams.1．Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?A．Theyouthoftenmeetonlinefriendsinreality.B．MostInternetusersliketextingtotheironlinefriends.C．Manyparentslikebitingfingernailswhenworried.D．MostyoungadultslackawarenessofInternetsafety.2．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword"daunting"inParagraph4?A．Disappointing. B．Misleading. C．Frightening. D．Dissatisfying.3．What'stheauthor'sattitudetomakingfriendsontheInternet?A．Objective. B．Supportive. C．Negative. D．Unclear.4．Whatdoyouthinkthetextwilltalkaboutnext?A．Howtogetonwellwithonlinefriends. B．Howtofindonlinebestfriends.C．Howtokeepintouchwithonlinefriends. D．Howtobenefitfromdreamonlinefriends.【答案】1．D2．C3．A4．B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)場(chǎng)景描寫(xiě)引入本文話(huà)題——網(wǎng)上交友。首先陳述了很多年輕人網(wǎng)上交友的現(xiàn)狀以及家長(zhǎng)對(duì)此的擔(dān)憂(yōu)，然后通過(guò)一個(gè)研究證明，網(wǎng)上交友也是有益的。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly,accordingtoInternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershavereceivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheirownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58percentthinkingitdoesn'tcauseconcern.(據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全101”調(diào)查顯示，令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的是，近一半的年輕成年用戶(hù)曾收到過(guò)令人不快的信息，其中92%的人曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過(guò)實(shí)名和身份信息，58%的人認(rèn)為這沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)心的)”可推斷，大多數(shù)年輕人缺乏互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全意識(shí)。故選D。2．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly,accordingtoInternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershavereceivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheirownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58percentthinkingitdoesn'tcauseconcern.(據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全101”調(diào)查顯示，令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的是，近一半的年輕成年用戶(hù)曾收到過(guò)令人不快的信息，其中92%的人曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過(guò)實(shí)名和身份信息，58%的人認(rèn)為這沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)心的)”以及畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞后文“wehope,wehaven'tscaredyouoff!(我們希望我們沒(méi)有把你嚇跑)”可知，數(shù)據(jù)表明大多數(shù)年輕人缺乏互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全意識(shí)，可見(jiàn)這些數(shù)據(jù)是令人害怕的。A.Disappointing.令人失望的；B.Misleading.誤導(dǎo)的；C.Frightening.令人害怕的；D.Dissatisfying.令人不滿(mǎn)意的。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Alarmingly,accordingtoInternetSafety101,almosthalfofyoungadultusershavereceivedupsettingmessages,with92percentpostingtheirownrealnamesandidentificationonlineand58percentthinkingitdoesn'tcauseconcern.(據(jù)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全101”調(diào)查顯示，令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的是，近一半的年輕成年用戶(hù)曾收到過(guò)令人不快的信息，其中92%的人曾在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布過(guò)實(shí)名和身份信息，58%的人認(rèn)為這沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)心的)”以及第四段中“Researchersactuallyfoundthatpursuingonlinefriendshipscouldbebeneficial.PennStateUniversityreportedthatthiswasespeciallythecaseforthosewithsocialanxiety,astheymightformastrongercomfortbondwiththeirpeersthroughthescreenratherthanaface-to-facemeeting.(研究人員實(shí)際上發(fā)現(xiàn)，追求網(wǎng)絡(luò)友誼可能是有益的。賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué)報(bào)告稱(chēng)，這對(duì)那些有社交焦慮的人來(lái)說(shuō)尤其如此，因?yàn)樗麄兛赡軙?huì)通過(guò)屏幕與同齡人形成更強(qiáng)的舒適聯(lián)系，而不是面對(duì)面的見(jiàn)面)”以及通讀全文可知，文章介紹了網(wǎng)上交友的缺點(diǎn)和優(yōu)點(diǎn)，表述客觀，無(wú)明顯個(gè)人情感傾向，所以是客觀的。故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whetherornotyoursearchforafriendbearsfruitliesinyourapproach,andthoughI'mnotagreatrelationshipmaster,Ihavesometipsthatwillaidyouinyourexplorationforthe"BFF"ofyourdreams.(你尋找朋友的過(guò)程是否有結(jié)果取決于你的方法，雖然我不是一個(gè)很好的人際關(guān)系專(zhuān)家，但我有一些建議可以幫助你探索你夢(mèng)想中的“最好的朋友”)”可推知，文章接下來(lái)會(huì)給出一些關(guān)于如何在網(wǎng)上找好朋友的建議。故選B?！?023屆山西省長(zhǎng)治市部分學(xué)校高三下學(xué)期三模聯(lián)合考試】Oneofthethingsthatweexpectfromtheoceanisisdeepbluecolorthatreflectsthesky.ScientistsatUCSanDiegoInstitutionofOceanographyalongwithscientistsattheUniversityofWashingtonhavebeenexperimentingwithdyeing(染)theoceanatSanDiegobeachpink.Whatcouldtheypossiblybeupto?Thisisbeingdoneforastudythatexamineshowfreshwateroutflowsarecombiningwiththeoceansurfzone.TheexperimentiscalledPlumesinNearshoreConditions(PiNC).“I’mexcitedbecausethisresearchhasn’tbeendonebeforeandit’sauniqueexperiment,”saidSarahGiddings,acoastaloceanographerleadingthestudy.“Theaimistounderstandhowfreshwaterinteractswithwaves,sinceitisusuallywarmerthanoceanwaterandmorebuoyant(有浮力的).”Thefreshwaterisdyedpinksothattheteamcaneasilykeeptrackofitwhenfreshwaterisaddedtotheseawater.Thedyeisenvironmentallyfriendlyandisthenspottedasitmakesprogressinthewater.Itistrackedbysensorsonpolesthatarelocatedalongthesandaswellasbydrones(無(wú)人機(jī)).There’salsoajetskiwithafluorometerthattracksthelightthatisgivenoutfromthepinkdye.Thesensorsoutsideofthesurfzonerecordtheheightofthewaves,oceancurrentsandtemperature.Therearethreeplanneddyereleasesasofnow,andresearchersarehopingthatthispinkdyeexperimentwillhelpthemrecordmoreabouthowpollutantstravelintheoceanwaterthroughtheseadditionsoffreshwater.Giddingsexplained:“We’rebringingtogetherdifferentpeoplewithdifferentexpertise,suchthatIthinkit’sgoingtohavesomegreatresultsandimpacts.We’llcombineresultsfromthisexperimentwithanolderfieldstudyandcomputermodelsthatwillallowustomakeprogressonunderstandinghowthedyedfreshwaterspread.”28．WhatisthepurposeofPlumesinNearshoreConditions?A．Tointroducethebenefitsofdyeingtheocean.B．Tostudyhowfreshwatercombineswithseawater.C．Toprovethatfreshwaterismuchwarmerthanseawater.D．Toexaminetheimpactoffreshwaterontheoceansurfzone.29．Whyisthepinkdyeusedbytheteam?A．Itiseasiertoberecognizedbythem.B．Itcaneffectivelycatchthesunlight.C．Itistheonlyeco-friendlydye.D．Itcanactivelycooperatewithsensors.30．Whichofthefollowingisexpectedtorecordintheexperiment?A．Thetimeofoceancurrents.B．Thepowerofthewaves.C．Thechangeoftemperature.D．Thetravelofpollutants.31．Whatwillresearchersprobablydonext?A．Buildmorescientificcomputermodels.B．Experimentwithdyesofdifferentcolors.C．Makeafurtherresearchintotheresults.D．Discusstheresultswithdifferentexperts.【答案】28．B29．A30．D31．C【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)家們?yōu)榱搜芯康畢R入大海后的流向及產(chǎn)生的影響，將淡水染成粉紅色。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thisisbeingdoneforastudythatexamineshowfreshwateroutflowsarecombiningwiththeoceansurfzone.(這是為了一項(xiàng)研究，研究淡水流出是如何與海洋沖浪帶結(jié)合的)”和“Theaimistounderstandhowfreshwaterinteractswithwaves,sinceitisusuallywarmerthanoceanwaterandmorebuoyant(有浮力的).(研究的目的是了解淡水是如何與波浪相互作用的，因?yàn)榈ǔ１群Ｋ鼫嘏?，浮力更?qiáng))”可知，科學(xué)家實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是研究淡水如何匯入海水和匯入之后的流向。故選B項(xiàng)。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thefreshwaterisdyedpinksothattheteamcaneasilykeeptrackofitwhenfreshwaterareaddedtotheseawater.Thedyeisenvironmentallyfriendlyandisthenspottedasitmakesprogressinthewater.(淡水被染成粉紅色，這樣當(dāng)?shù)惶砑拥胶Ｋ袝r(shí)，研究小組就可以很容易地追蹤到它。這種染料是環(huán)保的，當(dāng)它在水中移動(dòng)時(shí)就會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，淡水染成粉紅色的原因是它更容易被識(shí)別和跟蹤。故選A項(xiàng)。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thesensorsoutsideofthesurfzonerecordtheheightofthewaves,oceancurrentsandtemperature.Therearethreeplanneddyereleasesasofnow,andresearchersarehopingthatthispinkdyeexperimentwillhelpthemrecordmoreabouthowpollutantstravelintheoceanwaterthroughtheseadditionsoffreshwater.(沖浪區(qū)外的傳感器記錄海浪的高度、洋流和溫度。目前已經(jīng)計(jì)劃了三次染料的釋放，研究人員希望這個(gè)粉色染料實(shí)驗(yàn)將幫助他們更多地記錄污染物是如何通過(guò)這些增加的淡水在海水中傳播的)”可知，傳感器記錄了浪高、洋流、水溫，便于研究者通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)了解污染物的流向。故選D項(xiàng)。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Wewillcombineresultsfromthisexperimentwithanolderfieldstudyandcomputermodelsthatwillallowustomakeprogressonunderstandinghowthedyedfreshwaterspread.(我們將把這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果與一個(gè)較早的實(shí)地研究和計(jì)算機(jī)模型結(jié)合起來(lái)，這將使我們能夠進(jìn)一步了解染紅的淡水是如何傳播的)”推知，科學(xué)家們將結(jié)合之前的研究數(shù)據(jù)，繼續(xù)深入研究有關(guān)淡水的流向。故選C項(xiàng)?；A(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)（最新模擬試題演練）1.【2023屆安徽省皖南八校高三第三次大聯(lián)考】Modernlifeisfullofthingsthatcaninfluenceyourabilitytobesensitiveandresponsivetoyourchild.Theseincludeextrawork,lackofsleep,andthingslikemobiledevices.Someexpertsareconcernedabouttheeffectsthatthesethingstriggeroffonemotionalbondingandchildren’slanguagedevelopment,socialinteraction,andsafety.Ifparentsareinconsistentlyavailable,kidscangetdistressed(苦惱的)andfeelhurt,rejected,orignored.Theymayhavemoreemotionaloutburstsandfeelalone.Theymayevenstoptryingtocompetefortheirparent’sattentionandstarttoloseemotionalconnectionstotheirparents.“Therearetimeswhenkidsreallydoneedyourattentionandwantyourrecognition.Parentsneedtocommunicatethattheirkidsarevaluableandimportant,andchildrenneedtoknowthatparentscarewhatthey’redoing,”explainsCrnic,apsychologist.“Kidsstarttoregulatetheirownemotionsandbehavioraroundagethree.Upuntilthen,theydependmoreonyoutohelpthemregulatetheiremotions,whethertocalmthemorhelpgetthemexcited,”headds.Dr.CarolMetzler,whostudiesparentingattheOregonResearchInstitute,explains,“They’rewatchingyoutoseehowyoudoitandlisteningtohowyoutalktothemaboutit.Parentsneedtobegoodself-regulators.You’renotonlytryingtoregulateyourownemotionsinthemoment,buthelpingyourchildlearntomanagetheiremotionsandbehavior.Itcanbetoughtorespondtoyourkidswithsensitivityduringtantrums(精神痛苦),arguments,orotherchallengingtimes.Ifparentsrespondbybeingbad-temperedoraggressive(攻擊性的)themselves,childrencancopythatbehavior,andanegativecyclethencontinuestoupgrade.”Askidsbecomebetteratmanagingtheirfeelingsandbehavior,it’simportanttohelpthemdevelopcopingskills,likeactiveproblemsolving.Suchskillscanhelpthemfeelconfidentinhandlingwhatcomestheirway.12．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“triggeroff”?A．Setoff. B．Burstinto.C．Consistof. D．Divefor.13．WhydoesMetzlerthinkittoughtorespondtokidssensitivelyinParagraph4?A．Becausekidsareunabletomakeouttheirparents’arguments.B．Becauseparentsaretoosensitivetotrainkidstobeaggressive.C．Becausekidscannotcopytheirparents’behaviorontheseoccasions.D．Becauseparentshavetocontroltheirfeelingsandteachittotheirkids.14．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Parentsshouldnotbebad-temperedinfrontoftheirkids.B．Parentsshouldconsistentlydeveloptheirproblemsolvingskills.C．Parentsshouldengagewithkidsandrespondtothempositively.D．Parentsshouldcontinuouslyupgradetheirlanguageandemotions.15．Whatwillthewriterprobablytalkaboutnext?A．Thewaytotrainkidstobeconfident.B．Thewaytotrainkids’abilitiestodealwithmatters.C．Thewaytotrainkidstoself-regulatetheiremotions.D．Thewaytotrainkids’abilitiestobesensitiveandresponsibe.【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講了父母要與孩子建立密切的聯(lián)系并積極地影響孩子。12．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一自然段“Modernlifeisfullofthingsthatcaninfluenceyourabilitytobesensitiveandresponsivetoyourchild.Theseincludeextrawork,lackofsleep,andthingslikemobiledevices.Someexpertsareconcernedabouttheeffectsthatthesethingstriggeroffonemotionalbondingandchildren’slanguagedevelopment,socialinteraction,andsafety.(現(xiàn)代生活中充滿(mǎn)了會(huì)影響你對(duì)孩子敏感和反應(yīng)能力的事情。其中包括額外的工作、睡眠不足以及移動(dòng)設(shè)備等。一些專(zhuān)家擔(dān)心這些事情會(huì)對(duì)情感紐帶、兒童語(yǔ)言發(fā)展、社交和安全triggeroff影響。)”可知，本段主要講述了影響父母理解、體恤孩子并積極回應(yīng)孩子能力的事物及其所引發(fā)的后果。劃線(xiàn)詞所在句為定語(yǔ)從句，意為“這些事物所產(chǎn)生的影響”，修飾effects，由此可推知，畫(huà)線(xiàn)短語(yǔ)與A項(xiàng)“setoff(引起)”意思相近。故選A。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四自然段“Parentsneedtobegoodself-regulators.You’renotonlytryingtoregulateyourownemotionsinthemoment,buthelpingyourchildlearntomanagetheiremotionsandbehavior.Itcanbetoughtorespondtoyourkidswithsensitivityduringtantrums(精神痛苦),arguments,orotherchallengingtimes.(父母需要成為良好的自我調(diào)節(jié)者。你不僅試圖在當(dāng)下調(diào)節(jié)自己的情緒，還幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)管理自己的情緒和行為。在孩子發(fā)脾氣、爭(zhēng)吵或其他具有挑戰(zhàn)性的時(shí)候，你很難以敏感的態(tài)度回應(yīng)他們。)”可知，在第4段中，Metzler認(rèn)為對(duì)孩子們做出敏感的回應(yīng)很困難，這是因?yàn)楦改冈谶@些時(shí)候不僅要自我調(diào)節(jié)情緒，還要幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)管控情緒和行為。故選D。14．主旨大意題。本文首段和第二段提出了現(xiàn)代生活中的一些事物會(huì)影響父母與孩子建立密切的聯(lián)系并回應(yīng)孩子，以及由此而引發(fā)的對(duì)孩子的負(fù)面影響；第三段講述了孩子的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中需要父母的陪伴與認(rèn)同；第四段講述了孩子在情緒和行為方面會(huì)效仿父母以及父母應(yīng)當(dāng)避免負(fù)面的情緒和行為被孩子效仿；末段講述了父母還應(yīng)教會(huì)孩子解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的技能。由此可知，文章主要講了父母應(yīng)該與孩子互動(dòng)，并積極回應(yīng)他們。故選C。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Askidsbecomebetteratmanagingtheirfeelingsandbehavior,it’simportanttohelpthemdevelopcopingskills,likeactiveproblemsolving.Suchskillscanhelpthemfeelconfidentinhandlingwhatcomestheirway.(隨著孩子們?cè)絹?lái)越善于管理自己的情緒和行為，幫助他們發(fā)展應(yīng)對(duì)技能是很重要的，比如積極主動(dòng)地解決問(wèn)題。這樣的技能可以幫助他們?cè)谔幚碜约好媾R的問(wèn)題時(shí)感到自信。)”可知，此處講述了父母幫助孩子發(fā)展解決問(wèn)題的技能很重要，由此可推測(cè)，作者接下來(lái)會(huì)談及如何培養(yǎng)孩子解決實(shí)際問(wèn)題的技能。故選B。,2，【2023屆海南省海南中學(xué)、?？谝恢小⑽膮沃袑W(xué)、嘉積中學(xué)高三4月聯(lián)考】EverytimeIstareattherowsofjarsfilledwithmyparents’homemadetomatosauce,Iwonder:“ShouldIreallyuseone?”Ihavebeenkeepingthesejarslikeprecioustreasures.NomatterhowhardItrytofindalternatives,nothingcompares.Store-boughtsauce?Itjustdoesn’ttasteright.EvenifItrytorecreateit,itwillnevertastethesame.Whilegrowingup,Ihatedthetomatoseason.MyparentswouldusethebasementtoripenthetomatoestheyhadcollectedlocallyinSeptember.LiketheotherItalianfamiliesinthearea,wewouldthentakethemtothegaragewhentheywereripeenough.Theretheywerecleanedandboiled.Havingbeenstewed(燉),wholetomatoeswerepassedthroughmyfather’shomemademachinetoseparatethesaucefromtheskins.Jarsattheready,wefilledthemwithsauceandseasoning.Thejarswouldbehotforafewdays,sealedtokeeptheirownheat.Theywouldthenbelinedupandreadytouse.Thistraditionwashardtocarryonwhenmyfathergotill.Afterbeingdiagnosedwithcancerin2019,hespentmostofhistimeinhospital.InSeptemberthatyearhecamehome,andontheweekendwedecidedtocontinuethetradition.Ihavegloriousmemoriesofthatdayasweonceagainmadethesauce.Itwasabeautifulbutshort-livedmoment.Myfatherdiedsoonafter.Ican’tkeepthesejarsforever.Butitdoesn’tmakeitanyeasiertoopenone.EverytimeIgotoreachforone,somethingstopsme.Mymother,everpractical,isvisitingusrecentlyandjuststaresatthem.“Youshouldusetheseortheywillgotowaste.”Whatwillitfeelliketousethatlastjar?Itwouldmeantheendofanera.Whoknows?Maybeit’stimetobringnewtraditionsintolife.4．Whatstopstheauthorfromusingthetomatosauce?A．Ithasgonebad. B．Hedoesn’tliketomatosauceC．Hevaluesittoomuch. D．Hekeepsitforfutureuse.5．WhatdoPara.3andPara.4mainlytalkabout?A．Thetomatoharvest. B．Thehomemademachine.C．Thefruitfultomatoseason. D．Themakingoftomatosauce.6．Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydonext?A．Openonejar. B．Keepthejars.C．Collecttomatoes. D．Maketomatosauce7．Whichofthefollowingcandescribetheauthor?A．Practical. B．Faithful. C．Affectionate. D．Sensitive.【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．C【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者家庭每年自制番茄醬的傳統(tǒng)在父親去世后就很難繼續(xù)保持了，作者意識(shí)到是時(shí)候給生活引入新的傳統(tǒng)了。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Ihavebeenkeepingthesejarslikeprecioustreasures.(我一直把這些罐子當(dāng)作珍貴的寶貝保管著。)”可知，阻止作者使用番茄醬的是作者太看重它了。故選C。5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段的“LiketheotherItalianfamiliesinthearea,wewouldthentakethemtothegaragewhentheywereripeenough.Theretheywerecleanedandboiled.(和這個(gè)地區(qū)的其他意大利家庭一樣，我們會(huì)在它們成熟的時(shí)候把它們送到車(chē)庫(kù)。在那里他們被清洗和煮。)”和第四段的“Havingbeenstewed(燉)，wholetomatoeswerepassedthroughmyfather’shomemademachinetoseparatethesaucefromtheskins.Jarsattheready,wefilledthemwithsauceandseasoning.Thejarswouldbehotforafewdays,sealedtokeeptheirownheat.Theywouldthenbelinedupandreadytouse.(燉好之后，整個(gè)番茄經(jīng)過(guò)父親自制的機(jī)器，把醬汁和外皮分開(kāi)。罐子準(zhǔn)備好了，我們往里面裝滿(mǎn)了醬汁和調(diào)料。罐子會(huì)熱幾天，密封以保持自身的熱量。然后將它們排列好，準(zhǔn)備使用。)”可知，第3段和第4段主要講的是番茄醬的制作，故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Youshouldusetheseortheywillgotowaste.(你應(yīng)該用這些，否則就浪費(fèi)了。)”和最后一段的“Whatwillitfeelliketousethatlastjar?Itwouldmeantheendofanera.Whoknows?Maybeit’stimetobringnewtraditionsintolife.(用完最后一罐會(huì)是什么感覺(jué)？這將意味著一個(gè)時(shí)代的終結(jié)。誰(shuí)知道呢？也許是時(shí)候把新的傳統(tǒng)引入生活了。)”可知，作者接下來(lái)最有可能做的是打開(kāi)一個(gè)罐子。故選A。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Ihavebeenkeepingthesejarslikeprecioustreasures.NomatterhowhardItrytofindalternatives,nothingcompares.(我一直把這些罐子當(dāng)作珍貴的寶貝保管著。無(wú)論我如何努力尋找替代方案，都無(wú)法與之相比。)”可知，作者對(duì)父親做的番茄醬飽含深情，因此可以用affectionate來(lái)描述作者，故選C。3.【2023屆廣東省六校聯(lián)盟高三第六次聯(lián)考】ForLydiaKoniordou,afamousGreekactressandformerGreekministerofcultureandsports,culturalpreservationisessentialtohelppeopleknowwhotheyareandlearnwhattheyshoulddointhefuture.“Thetalleryouwanttogrow,thedeeperyourrootsmustbe.Ourculturalpastisourroots.Ifwedon’thavereallystrongrootsanddepthinourperception(認(rèn)識(shí))ofouridentity,wecannotgrow.Withouttheseroots,wewillbetornoutveryeasilywiththecurrents,”shetoldthejournalistinarecentinterview,addingculturalheritageisinfactverymuchaliveandrelevanttoday.Speakingofherteachingexperienceoverseas,KoniordousaidshewasverymuchimpressedbyherChinesestudentswhenshegaveseminarsonancientGreektragedyattheShanghaiTheatreAcademyin2014.WhenthestudentsworkedonAlcestis,anAtheniantragedybyancientGreekplaywrightEuripides,theythoroughlyresearchedthecostumestheywouldwear,theset,andthelights,amongothers,sherecalled.“IfeeltheyevolvedandweretransformedbythisexperienceasIwastransformed.Theydidnotjustplayarole,butcreatedawholeworldandthatiswhytheproductionhadsomuchinterestalsoforthespectators,”shesaid.KoniordouparticipatedintheproductionofEuripidesElectratogetherwithGreekdirectorKostasTsianos.“TsianosdidsomethingveryimportantforGreekculture.Heconnectedfolkformsofart,folkdances,songsandpoetrywithourclassicalpast.Wepresentedthisperformanceinmanyplacesaroundtheworld,andthefeelingthatitstirredintheaudiencewasquitesimilar,eventhoughtheydidn’talwaysunderstandthelanguage,”shesaid.TheChinesecivilizationisahugetreewithverydeeproots,andGreecealsohasarichancientcivilization,shesaid,addingshebelievesthatthetwocountriescouldpromotecooperationandexchangesinmanyfields,suchasinpreservationofantiques.4．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A．Theimportanceofculturalpreservation. B．Culturalheritageiseasilydamaged.C．Thetallergrowthwantsthedeeperroots. D．Weareeasilytornoutwiththecurrents.5．WhatdidKoniordoudoinShanghai?A．Sheplayedaroleandwaslovedbythespectators.B．Sheresearchedthecostumes,theset,andthelights.C．ShestudiedtheartofChineseperformanceasastudent.D．Shepromotedthestudents’understandingofGreekculture.6．WhydidKoniordoucooperatewithKostasTsianos?A．ToindicateherfriendshipwithTsianos.B．ToacknowledgeTsianosin’scontributions.C．TopopularizeandpromotetraditionalGreekculture.D．TointroducetheachievementofTsianosininpresentingclassics.7．Whatwillthetextprobablytalkaboutinthefollowingpart?A．CulturalpreservationinChina. B．Thewaytopreserveculturalheritage.C．TheintroductionofotherGreekartproductions. D．CooperationbetweenChineseandGreekculture.【答案】4．A5．D6．C7．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了對(duì)于希臘著名女演員、前希臘文化和體育部長(zhǎng)LydiaKoniordou對(duì)于希臘文化保護(hù)和傳播所作的貢獻(xiàn)以及她希望中國(guó)和希臘兩國(guó)可以促進(jìn)多領(lǐng)域合作與交流的事情。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ForLydiaKoniordou,afamousGreekactressandformerGreekministerofcultureandsports,culturalpreservationisessentialtohelppeopleknowwhotheyareandlearnwhattheyshoulddointhefuture.(對(duì)于希臘著名女演員、前希臘文化和體育部長(zhǎng)LydiaKoniordou來(lái)說(shuō)，文化保護(hù)對(duì)于幫助人們了解自己和學(xué)習(xí)未來(lái)應(yīng)該做什么至關(guān)重要)”以及第二段“Ourculturalpastisourroots.Ifwedon’thavereallystrongrootsanddepthinourperceptionofouridentity,wecannotgrow.Withouttheseroots,wewillbetornoutveryeasilywiththecurrents(我們的文化歷史是我們的根源。如果我們對(duì)自己的身份認(rèn)知沒(méi)有真正牢固的根基和深度，我們就無(wú)法成長(zhǎng)。如果沒(méi)有這些根，我們將很容易被潮流撕裂)”可知，Koniordou認(rèn)為文化是一個(gè)國(guó)家的根基，沒(méi)有這些根基我們就不能發(fā)展和成長(zhǎng)，說(shuō)明保護(hù)文化的重要性。故選A。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“WhenthestudentsworkedonAlcestis,anAtheniantragedybyancientGreekplaywrightEuripides,theythoroughlyresearchedthecostumestheywouldbewearing,theset,andthelights,amongothers,sherecalled.“IfeeltheyevolvedandweretransformedbythisexperienceasIwastransformed.Theydidnotjustplayarole,butcreatedawholeworldandthatiswhytheproductionhadsomuchinterestalsoforthespectators,”shesaid.(她回憶道，當(dāng)學(xué)生們創(chuàng)作古希臘劇作家歐里庇得斯的雅典悲劇《阿爾克西斯》時(shí)，他們徹底研究了他們將要穿的服裝、布景和燈光等。她說(shuō)：“我覺(jué)得他們?cè)谶M(jìn)化，在我被改造的過(guò)程中他們也被這段經(jīng)歷所改造。他們不僅發(fā)揮了作用，還創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)完整的世界，這就是為什么觀眾對(duì)這部作品如此感興趣的原因。”)”可知，Koniordou幫助學(xué)生理解希臘戲劇，說(shuō)明她促進(jìn)了學(xué)生對(duì)希臘文化的理解。故選D項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““TsianosdidsomethingveryimportantforGreekculture.Heconnectedfolkformsofart,folkdances,songsandpoetrywithourclassicalpast.Wepresentedthisperformanceinmanyplacesaroundtheworld,andthefeelingthatitstirredintheaudiencewasquitesimilar,eventhoughtheydidn’talwaysunderstandthelanguage,”shesaid.(“齊亞諾斯為希臘文化做了一件非常重要的事情。他將民間藝術(shù)形式、民間舞蹈、歌曲和詩(shī)歌與我們的古典歷史聯(lián)系在一起。我們?cè)谑澜绺鞯嘏e辦了這場(chǎng)演出，觀眾的感受非常相似，盡管他們并不總是懂希臘語(yǔ)，”她說(shuō))”可知，Koniordou和科斯塔斯·齊亞諾斯合作是為了普及和弘揚(yáng)希臘傳統(tǒng)文化。故選C項(xiàng)。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“TheChinesecivilizationisahugetreewithverydeeproots,andGreecealsohasarichancientcivilization,shesaid,addingshebelievesthatthetwocountriescouldpromotecooperationandexchangesinmanyfields,suchasinpreservationofantiques.(她說(shuō)，中國(guó)文明是一棵有著深厚根基的大樹(shù)，希臘也有著豐富的古代文明。她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，她相信兩國(guó)可以促進(jìn)許多領(lǐng)域的合作與交流，比如古董保護(hù))”可推斷出接下來(lái)可能會(huì)談到的是中國(guó)和希臘文化之間的合作。故選D項(xiàng)。4.【河北省邯鄲市十校2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考】Restrictingmealstoearlyinthedaydidnotaffectweightamongoverweightadultswithprediabetesordiabetes,accordingtoresearchpresentedattheAmericanHeartAssociation’sScientificSessions2020.“Wehavewonderedforalongtimeifwhenoneeatsduringthedayaffectsthewaythebody